Main shaft front end atmoseal device
Technical Field
The invention relates to a main shaft, in particular to a front end air sealing device of the main shaft.
Background
The main shaft is the important mechanism that carries out precision finishing in being arranged in the lathe equipment, the main shaft is in the course of working, its front end generally can produce a large amount of dusts bits, and the cutter of main shaft front end need spray water to it at the during operation, it is thus obvious, main shaft front end position need work in the complex environment that is covered with dusts bits, water droplet, dust bits and water droplet are got rid of to current main shaft generally adoption front end jet-propelled mode, but how to realize evenly blowing, avoid the negative pressure to inhale, become the technical problem that awaits the solution in the current main shaft promptly.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to provide a spindle front end air sealing device, which can form an annular air seal at the front end of a spindle, has uniform air pressure, and can prevent dust or water droplets from being sucked.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme.
A spindle front end air sealing device comprises a front bearing seat, a front bearing is arranged in the front bearing seat, a bearing pressing plate is fixed at the front end of the front bearing seat, a dustproof ring is fixed at the front end of the bearing pressing plate, a ring spray plate is fixed at the front end of the dustproof ring, a rotor penetrates through the front bearing, a dustproof cover and a waterproof cover are fixed on the rotor, the waterproof cover is located at the front end of the dustproof cover and mutually abutted against the dustproof cover and the dustproof cover, the bearing pressing plate and the dustproof ring are encircled on the dustproof cover to form a first gap, the ring spray plate is encircled on the dustproof cover and the waterproof cover, a second gap is formed between the ring spray plate and the dustproof cover, a third gap is formed between the ring spray plate and the waterproof cover, an outer ring is arranged on the outer side of the rear end of the ring spray plate, and a dustproof outer ring is formed at the front end of the dustproof ring, the dustproof outer ring covers the outer ring air passage, a plurality of air passage dispersion grooves are formed in the rear end face of the ring spraying plate and communicated between the inner side of the ring spraying plate and the outer ring air passage, a main air passage used for connecting air flow is formed in the dustproof ring, and the main air passage is aligned to one of the air passage dispersion grooves.
Preferably, the plurality of gas path dispersion grooves are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the annular spraying plate.
Preferably, a first annular flange is formed on the outer side wall of the dust cover, an annular inner edge protrudes from the inner side of the annular spraying plate, and the annular inner edge is located on the front side of the first annular flange, so that the second gap is in an L shape.
Preferably, the waterproof cover is located on the inner side of the annular inner edge, the outer side wall of the waterproof cover is formed with an annular outer edge protruding outwards, and the annular outer edge is located on the front side of the annular inner edge, so that the third gap is in an L shape.
Preferably, the outer side of the annular outer edge is formed with a slope.
Preferably, a second annular flange is formed on the outer side wall of the dust cover, the second annular flange is located at the rear end of the first annular flange, the dust ring surrounds the second annular flange, and the bearing pressure plate is located on the rear side of the second annular flange, so that the first gap is in an inverted L shape.
Preferably, the main air duct extends through the bearing pressure plate and the front bearing housing.
Preferably, a first air bag is formed by surrounding the outer side wall of the second annular flange, the rear end of the first annular flange, the inner side wall of the annular spraying plate and the front end of the dust ring, and the air path dispersion groove is communicated with the first air bag.
Preferably, a second air bag is formed between the front end of the first annular flange and the rear end of the annular inner edge, and the third gap communicates with the second air bag.
Preferably, the dust cover and the waterproof cover are screwed and fixed to the rotor.
In the spindle front end air seal device disclosed by the invention, the main air passage enters the outer annular air passage through the air passage dispersion grooves aligned with the main air passage, then is dispersed to other multiple air passage dispersion grooves through the outer annular air passage, and enters the inner side of the annular spraying plate from the periphery, the air flow inside the annular spraying plate is ejected outwards through the second gap and the third gap in sequence, so that an annular air seal is formed, and as the multiple air passage dispersion grooves play a role in uniformly dispersing the air flow, the air pressure of the air flow ejected by the third gap is more uniform, so that dust and water drops can be effectively removed, the dust and water drops can be prevented from being sucked due to local negative pressure, the air seal effect is greatly improved, the overall performance of the spindle is improved, the service life of the spindle is prolonged, and the application requirements are better met.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a spindle nose seal assembly according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of portion A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the annular nozzle plate;
fig. 4 is a structural view of the dust cap.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in more detail below with reference to the figures and examples.
The invention discloses a main shaft front end air sealing device, which is shown by combining figures 1 to 4, wherein the main shaft comprises a front bearing seat 1, a front bearing 2 is arranged in the front bearing seat 1, a bearing pressure plate 3 is fixed at the front end of the front bearing seat 1, a dust-proof ring 4 is fixed at the front end of the bearing pressure plate 3, a ring spray plate 5 is fixed at the front end of the dust-proof ring 4, a rotor 6 penetrates through the front bearing 2, a dust-proof cover 7 and a waterproof cover 8 are fixed on the rotor 6, the waterproof cover 8 is positioned at the front end of the dust-proof cover 7 and mutually abutted, the bearing pressure plate 3 and the dust-proof ring 4 surround the dust-proof cover 7, a first gap 9 is formed between the dust-proof cover 7 and the waterproof cover 8, the ring spray plate 5 surrounds the dust-proof cover 7 and a second gap 10 is formed between the ring spray plate 5 and the dust-proof cover 7, and a third gap 11 is formed between the ring spray plate 5 and the waterproof cover 8, an outer ring air passage 50 is formed in the outer side of the rear end of the annular spray plate 5, a dustproof outer ring 40 is formed at the front end of the dustproof ring 4, the dustproof outer ring 40 covers the outer ring air passage 50, a plurality of air passage dispersion grooves 51 are formed in the rear end face of the annular spray plate 5, the air passage dispersion grooves 51 are communicated between the inner side of the annular spray plate 5 and the outer ring air passage 50, a main air passage 41 for accessing air flow is formed in the dustproof ring 4, and the main air passage 41 is aligned with one of the air passage dispersion grooves 51.
In the spindle front end air sealing device, the main air passage 41 enters the outer annular air passage 50 through the air passage dispersing grooves 51 aligned with the main air passage, then is dispersed to other multiple air passage dispersing grooves 51 through the outer annular air passage 50, and enters the inner side of the annular spraying plate 5 from the periphery, the air flow inside the annular spraying plate 5 sequentially passes through the second gap 10 and the third gap 11 to be sprayed outwards, so as to form an annular air seal, and the air pressure of the air flow sprayed by the third gap 11 is more uniform due to the uniform dispersion effect of the multiple air passage dispersing grooves 51 on the air flow, so that dust and water drops can be effectively removed, the dust and water drops can be prevented from being sucked due to local negative pressure, the air sealing effect is greatly improved, the overall performance of the spindle is improved, the service life of the spindle is prolonged, and the application requirements are better met.
In order to further improve the air pressure uniformity of the annular air seal, in the present embodiment, the plurality of air path dispersing grooves 51 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the annular nozzle plate 5.
As a preferable structure, the outer side wall of the dust cover 7 is formed with a first annular flange 70, the inner side of the annular nozzle plate 5 is protruded with an annular inner edge 52, and the annular inner edge 52 is located at the front side of the first annular flange 70, so that the second gap 10 is in an "L" shape.
Further, the waterproof cover 8 is located inside the annular inner edge 52, an annular outer edge 80 protruding outwards is formed on the outer side wall of the waterproof cover 8, and the annular outer edge 80 is located on the front side of the annular inner edge 52, so that the third gap 11 is in an "L" shape. Under the action of the annular outer edge 80, the dust and water drops at the front end can be resisted, and the centrifugal force can be generated in the high-speed rotation process of the main shaft, so that the dust and water drops entering the third gap 11 can be discharged by means of the pumping action.
In order to further improve the resistance against dust and water droplets, in this embodiment, the outer side of the annular outer edge 80 is formed with a slope 81.
In a preferred configuration, a second annular flange 71 is formed on an outer side wall of the dust cover 7, the second annular flange 71 is located at a rear end of the first annular flange 70, the dust ring 4 surrounds the second annular flange 71, and the bearing retainer plate 3 is located at a rear side of the second annular flange 71, so that the first gap 9 is in an inverted "L" shape.
In this embodiment, it is preferable to inject an air flow from the rear end of the main shaft, and for this purpose, the main air passage 41 penetrates the bearing pressure plate 3 and the front bearing housing 1.
In a preferred configuration, a first air bag 12 is formed around the outer side wall of the second annular flange 71, the rear end of the first annular flange 70, the inner side wall of the annular nozzle plate 5, and the front end of the dust ring 4, and the air passage dispersion groove 51 is communicated with the first air bag 12. Under the action of the first air bag 12, the air flow entering from the air path dispersion groove 51 can be temporarily stored, so that the air pressure in the first air bag 12 is more balanced, and meanwhile, the annular air seals ejected from the second gap 10 and the third gap 11 are also balanced in air pressure.
In this embodiment, a second air bag 13 is formed between the front end of the first annular flange 70 and the rear end of the annular inner edge 52, and the third gap 11 communicates with the second air bag 13. The second air bag 13 may have a labyrinth function, that is, when external dust and water drops enter from the third gap 11, the external dust and water drops may be retained in the second air bag 13, and the second air bag 13 is close to the outlet of the third gap 11, so that the dust and water drops may be discharged quickly.
In a preferred configuration, the dust cover 7 and the waterproof cover 8 are screwed and fixed to the rotor 6.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents or improvements made within the technical scope of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.