CN110583369A - Edible fungus mixing inoculation equipment and method - Google Patents
Edible fungus mixing inoculation equipment and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110583369A CN110583369A CN201911009401.2A CN201911009401A CN110583369A CN 110583369 A CN110583369 A CN 110583369A CN 201911009401 A CN201911009401 A CN 201911009401A CN 110583369 A CN110583369 A CN 110583369A
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- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 156
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 141
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 97
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 54
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 claims 2
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007723 transport mechanism Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000012343 cottonseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012840 feeding operation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/20—Culture media, e.g. compost
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/20—Culture media, e.g. compost
- A01G18/22—Apparatus for the preparation of culture media, e.g. bottling devices
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/30—Accessories for use before inoculation of spawn, e.g. sterilisers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/50—Inoculation of spawn
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
- B01F27/80—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis
- B01F27/92—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis with helices or screws
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
- B01F35/90—Heating or cooling systems
- B01F35/91—Heating or cooling systems using gas or liquid injected into the material, e.g. using liquefied carbon dioxide or steam
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
- B01F35/90—Heating or cooling systems
- B01F2035/99—Heating
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Apparatus Associated With Microorganisms And Enzymes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides edible fungus mixing and inoculating equipment and method, relates to the technical field of edible fungus production, and solves the technical problem of low edible fungus production efficiency in the prior art. Including last feed bin, mix the storehouse, the storehouse of inoculating, breeding jar and water supply system, the drier flows into to mix in the storehouse through first transport mechanism from last feed bin, mix the storehouse and link to each other with water supply system and provide hot water to mixing the storehouse, accomplish the drier and mixing of hot water in mixing the storehouse, be provided with heating device on mixing the storehouse, mix the wet material in the storehouse of stirring and flow into in the storehouse of inoculating through second transport mechanism, the storehouse of inoculating links to each other with water supply system, the water absorption heat in the water supply system is to the cooling of wet material, liquid bacterial in the breeding jar flows into in the storehouse of inoculating and mixes the inoculation with wet material, water supply system includes: the hot water recovery part is connected with the mixing bin and supplies hot water to the mixing bin. The invention is used for cultivating edible fungi.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of edible fungus production, in particular to edible fungus mixing and inoculating equipment and method.
Background
At present, edible fungus production is mostly mixed material, bagging-off, sterilization, cooling, inoculation, foster fungus, mixes the material and is mixed multiple different batching together, and the material is mixed through manual operation misce bene to the mode that the material was used commonly in production in traditional mode, and this kind of mode needs a large amount of manual works to hardly guarantee the material misce bene, especially when the material volume is great, need many people to go the operation, waste time and energy, make the material misce bene very easily again.
The sterilization is carried out after bagging, generally, high-temperature sterilization is carried out through steam heating, the temperature rise of materials is influenced after bagging, the sterilization time is longer, and the production efficiency is reduced. Moreover, the steam heating mode often influences the humidity of the materials, and the humidity does not reach the standard and can influence subsequent inoculation and fungus cultivation.
The problems lead to lower production efficiency of the traditional edible fungi, higher labor and time cost, and are not beneficial to the mass production of the edible fungi.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide edible fungus mixing and inoculating equipment and a using method thereof, which are at least used for solving the technical problem of low edible fungus production efficiency in the prior art. The technical effects that can be produced by the preferred technical scheme in the technical schemes provided by the invention are described in detail in the following.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the first aspect provides edible fungus mixing and inoculating equipment, which comprises an upper bin, a mixing and stirring bin, an inoculating bin, a breeding tank and a water supply system, wherein the upper bin is connected with the mixing and stirring bin through a first conveying mechanism, dry materials flow into the mixing and stirring bin from the upper bin through the first conveying mechanism, the mixing and stirring bin is connected with the water supply system to provide hot water for the mixing and stirring bin, mixing and stirring of the dry materials and the hot water are completed in the mixing and stirring bin, a heating device is arranged on the mixing and stirring bin to heat and sterilize materials,
the mixing bin is connected with the inoculation bin through a second conveying mechanism, wet materials in the mixing bin flow into the inoculation bin through the second conveying mechanism, the inoculation bin is connected with the water supply system, water in the water supply system absorbs heat to cool the wet materials,
the inoculation bin is connected with the breeding tank, liquid strains in the breeding tank flow into the inoculation bin to be mixed with wet materials for inoculation,
the water supply system includes: the seed mixing device comprises a cooling water interlayer formed on the inoculation cabin and a hot water recovery part connected with the cooling water interlayer, wherein the hot water recovery part is connected with the mixing cabin and supplies hot water to the mixing cabin.
Preferably, the mixing and stirring bin is constructed in a vertically arranged cylindrical structure, an accommodating cavity is formed in the mixing and stirring bin, an inlet of the mixing and stirring bin is positioned at the top, the first conveying mechanism and the water supply system are communicated with the inlet of the mixing and stirring bin,
a mixing cylinder is arranged in the mixing bin, the inlet of the mixing bin is opposite to the mixing cylinder, a cavity is formed between the outer wall of the mixing cylinder and the inner wall of the mixing bin,
the holding cavity is internally provided with a stirring mechanism, the stirring mechanism passes through the mixing cylinder, and the stirring mechanism drives materials to move upwards from the mixing cylinder and fall from a cavity between the mixing cylinder and the mixing bin.
Preferably, the heating device is arranged on the outer wall of the mixing and stirring bin,
the heating device is an electric heating device or an oil heating device.
Preferably, the bottom of the mixing bin is constructed into an inverted cone-shaped structure, and a discharge hole is formed in the inverted cone-shaped structure.
Preferably, a plurality of heat transfer holes are further formed in the side wall of the mixing barrel.
Preferably, the hot water recovery part comprises a heat preservation part and a heating part, the heat preservation part is communicated with the cooling water interlayer of the inoculation cabin and is used for storing the heated cooling water,
the heating part can heat water and is communicated with the heat preservation part, water in the heat preservation part flows into the heating part, and after the water is heated in the heating part, the water is heated to be hot water which can be introduced into the mixing and stirring bin.
Preferably, the temperature of the hot water is 30 ℃ to 100 ℃.
Preferably, the upper part of the feeding bin is of a cylindrical structure, the bottom of the feeding bin is of an inverted cone structure, and materials with the same volume as the volume of the mixing bin can be contained in the feeding bin.
In a second aspect, a method for inoculating edible fungi in a mixing manner is provided, which comprises the following steps:
mixing and stirring the dry material and hot water to form a wet material, heating the wet material to perform high-temperature sterilization, wherein the temperature of the hot water is 30-100 ℃, and the temperature of the high-temperature sterilization is 100-125 ℃;
cooling the sterilized wet material, mixing the cooled wet material with liquid strains, inoculating, and bagging.
Preferably, the sterilized wet materials are cooled by water, then the cooled water after temperature rise is recovered, stored in a heat preservation mode, and then heated to be used as hot water mixed with the dry materials.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the hot water and the dry materials are mixed, so that the temperature of the materials can be quickly raised, and a large amount of time can be saved in a high-temperature sterilization stage, thereby improving the efficiency of mixing the materials. In the cooling process after sterilization, cooling water is recycled and reused, so that part of heat can be recycled, energy is saved, and cost is reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an edible fungus puddle inoculation device;
FIG. 2 shows a schematic structural view of a mixing bowl;
fig. 3 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the kneading chamber.
In the figure: 10. feeding a bin; 20. a mixing bin; 21. a mixing barrel; 211. a heat transfer aperture; 22. a packing auger; 23. a drive motor; 24. a heating device; 25. a heat-insulating layer; 26. a switch structure; 30. a seed inoculation bin; 40. a breeding tank; 50. a hot water recovery unit; 51. a heat-insulating part; 52. a heating section; 60. a first conveying mechanism; 70. a second transport mechanism.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the examples given herein without any inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the edible fungus mixing and inoculating device provided by the invention comprises an upper bin 10, a first conveying mechanism 60, a mixing and inoculating bin 20, a second conveying mechanism 70, a breeding tank 40 and a water supply system, wherein the upper bin 10 is connected with the mixing and inoculating bin 20 through the first conveying mechanism 60, dry materials flow into the mixing and inoculating bin 20 from the upper bin 10 through the first conveying mechanism 60, the mixing and inoculating bin 20 is connected with the water supply system to supply hot water to the mixing and inoculating bin 20, mixing and inoculating of the dry materials and the hot water are completed in the mixing and inoculating bin 20, and a heating device 24 is arranged on the mixing and inoculating bin 20 to heat and sterilize the materials. The mixing and stirring bin 20 is connected with the inoculation bin 30 through a second conveying mechanism 70, high-temperature wet materials in the mixing and stirring bin 20 flow into the inoculation bin 30 through the second conveying mechanism 70, the inoculation bin 30 is connected with a water supply system, and water in the water supply system absorbs heat to cool the wet materials. The inoculation bin 30 is connected with the breeding tank 40, and liquid strains in the breeding tank 40 flow into the inoculation bin 30 to be mixed with wet materials for inoculation.
The water supply system includes: a cooling water interlayer formed on the inoculation chamber 30, and a hot water recovery part 50 connected to the cooling water interlayer, wherein the hot water recovery part 50 is connected to the kneading chamber 20 to supply hot water to the kneading chamber 20.
The bottom of the upper bunker 10 is constructed in an inverted cone structure, and the outlet of the upper bunker 10 is formed on the inverted cone structure, preferably, the bottom of the upper bunker 10 can be constructed in an inverted cone or pyramid shape, correspondingly, the upper part of the upper bunker 10 is constructed in a cylindrical or prismatic cylindrical structure, and the outlet of the upper bunker 10 is located at the bottom of the inverted cone structure. The material is charged from the top opening of the upper bin 10, and the material can automatically flow to the bottom under the action of gravity, and the bottom of the upper bin 10 is constructed in an inverted cone structure, and the outlet of the upper bin 10 is formed on the inverted cone structure, so that the material can automatically flow to the outlet.
The material with the same volume as that of the mixing bin 20 can be contained in the upper bin 10, namely after the feeding in the upper bin 10 is completed, the material can be continuously fed into the mixing bin 20, the feeding to the upper bin 10 is not needed again in midway, so that the continuous and quick feeding is not needed, the working intensity of the feeding operation can be reduced, and the continuity and the uniformity of the feeding in the mixing bin 20 can be ensured.
The mixing bin 20 is constructed into a vertically arranged cylindrical structure, a containing cavity is formed in the mixing bin, an inlet of the mixing bin 20 is located at the top, and materials fall into the mixing bin 20 from the top. A mixing barrel 21 is arranged in the mixing bin 20, an inlet of the mixing bin 20 is opposite to the mixing barrel 21, and a cavity is formed between the outer wall of the mixing barrel 21 and the inner wall of the mixing bin 20. The holding cavity is internally provided with a stirring mechanism, the stirring mechanism penetrates through the mixing cylinder 21, and the stirring mechanism drives materials to move upwards from the mixing cylinder 21 and fall from a cavity between the mixing cylinder 21 and the mixing bin 20.
The mixing barrel 21 is connected to the inner wall of the mixing bin 20 through a support rod, and the support rod is arranged in a cavity formed between the mixing barrel 21 and the mixing bin 20. Preferably, the support rods may be arranged in a plurality along the circumference of the mixing drum 21 at the same height, or a plurality of support rods may be arranged at different heights.
In another embodiment, the bottom and the top of the mixing cylinder 21 are provided with brackets, and the brackets are connected with the mixing bin 20, and the brackets cannot block materials, so that the materials can be ensured to pass through smoothly.
Stirring mechanism includes the auger 22 of vertical setting, auger 22 follows the both ends of mixing barrel 21 are worn out, auger 22's lower extreme is by setting up the bearing in the storehouse 20 is mixed and stirred to the mixture supports, auger 22's upper end is followed the top in the storehouse 20 is mixed and stirred to the mixture is worn out.
Rabbling mechanism still includes driving motor 23, driving motor 23 sets up thoughtlessly mix the top in storehouse 20, through transmission structure with auger 22's upper end transmission is connected, and is right auger 22 drives. Driving motor 23 sets up one side of auger 22 carries out the transmission through power transmission structures such as driving belt and connects to guarantee to work as auger 22 length can steady operation when longer.
The stirring mechanism operates when feeding the materials into the mixing bin 20, so that the materials move upwards to play a role in mixing the materials, and the stirring mechanism stops rotating after feeding is completed.
The first conveying mechanism 60 includes a conveying passage and a conveyor belt disposed in the conveying passage, and the conveyor belt is provided with a plurality of scrapers. The conveying channel is constructed in a cylindrical structure and is obliquely arranged, the inlet end of the conveying channel is positioned at the lower side and is communicated with the outlet of the upper storage bin 10, and the outlet end of the conveying channel is positioned at the upper side and is communicated with the inlet of the mixing bin 20. Preferably, the conveying channel is connected with the outlet of the feeding bin 10 and the inlet of the mixing bin 20 in a sealing connection mode, so that impurities are prevented from entering the conveying channel to pollute materials. The conveying channel is preferably configured as a square cylinder, the conveyor belt is arranged inside the conveying channel parallel to the conveying channel, the scraper is connected to the conveyor belt perpendicularly to the conveyor belt, and the scraper is perpendicular to the direction of movement of the conveyor belt. The height of the scraper is preferably 1/4-1/2 of the distance between the conveyor belt and the upper side wall of the conveying channel, for example, 1/3 of the distance between the conveyor belt and the upper side wall of the conveying channel can be set as the height of the scraper, so that when the scraper drives the material to move upwards, a part of the material slides downwards over the scraper when the material is more, and the material can be mixed by ascending and descending the material in the process.
Preferably, the outer wall of the conveying channel of the first conveying mechanism 60 is attached to the outer wall of the inverted cone structure at the bottom of the upper bin 10, and the inlet of the conveying channel is opposite to and communicated with the outlet of the upper bin 10, so that the scraper in the first conveying mechanism 60 can scrape the material from the outlet of the upper bin 10 directly, and the material in the upper bin 10 can flow into the first conveying mechanism 60. Further, an inserting plate is arranged at the outlet of the upper bin 10, and the inserting plate can be slidably connected to the outlet of the upper bin 10 and can change the opening degree of the outlet of the upper bin 10 or close the outlet through sliding, so that the material flow is controlled.
Preferably, the mixing and stirring bin 20 is further provided with a heating device 24, so that the mixing and stirring bin 20 can be sterilized at high temperature. The heating device 24 is arranged on the side wall of the mixing bin 20, a heat insulation layer 25 is arranged on the outer side of the mixing bin 20, and the heat insulation layer 25 wraps the outer wall of the mixing bin 20. The heating device 24 is preferably an electric heating device 24, for example, an electric heating rod may be provided on the outer wall of the kneading chamber 20, and heat is supplied by the electric heating rod. The electric heating rods are vertically arranged and are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the mixing bin 20. Preferably, a plurality of mounting grooves are formed in the outer wall of the mixing bin 20, the electric heating rods are mounted in the mounting grooves, and the mounting grooves are preferably formed in the outer wall of the mixing bin 20 by angle steel or channel steel in a buckling mode. The heat-insulating layer 25 wraps the outer side of the mounting groove, so that heat loss outwards is reduced. The heating device 24 starts to heat while feeding is started in the mixing bin 20, so that the effects of preheating and rapid temperature rise are achieved, and the overall process time can be shortened. After the feeding in the mixing bin 20 is completed, the rotation of the stirring mechanism is stopped, and the heating device 24 continues to heat until the temperature in the mixing bin 20 reaches the sterilization temperature, preferably 100 to 125 ℃, and may be, for example, 120 ℃ or 125 ℃. Preferably, a valve is arranged at an inlet of the mixing bin 20, and the valve is closed after feeding is completed, so that water vapor can be prevented from flowing out from the inlet in the high-temperature sterilization process, and the humidity of the internal materials can not be changed. In another embodiment, the heating device 24 may also be configured as an oil heating device 24, and the electric heating rod may be replaced by an oil pipe, and the oil heating mode may reduce the consumption of electric energy to meet the use requirement in the area with lack of electric power resources.
The heating device 24 is arranged on the outer wall of the mixing bin 20, is not in direct contact with the materials, and cannot influence the moisture in the mixing bin 20, so that the dry-wet ratio of the materials is easier to maintain, and the materials cannot be influenced by heating.
When being provided with heating device 24, still be provided with heat transfer hole 211 on the compounding section of thick bamboo 21, heat transfer hole 211 is for forming through-hole on the compounding section of thick bamboo 21 lateral wall, heat transfer hole 211 makes the heat more conveniently spread into in the compounding section of thick bamboo 21, heats inside material, guarantees the homogeneity of heating, heat transfer hole 211 is in evenly distributed on the lateral wall of compounding section of thick bamboo 21.
Mix storehouse 20 bottom structure for invering the toper structure to be provided with the discharge gate in its bottom, discharge gate department is provided with switch structure 26, is used for control the switching of discharge gate, the preferred structure of switch structure 26 is the picture peg structure, in order to facilitate the control the switching of discharge gate. The discharge port is communicated with the second conveying mechanism 70, the second conveying mechanism 70 is communicated with the inoculation cabin 30 and is used for conveying the sterilized wet materials into the inoculation cabin 30 when the discharge port of the mixing cabin 20 is opened, and preferably, the second conveying mechanism 70 is a scraper conveying mechanism or an auger conveying mechanism and the like. Preferably, after the materials in the mixing bin 20 are mixed and sterilized, the switch structure 26 is turned on, and the stirring mechanism is turned on to make the packing auger 22 rotate reversely, so that the materials move downwards under the action of the packing auger 22 and flow out more easily. Preferably, the discharge hole may be disposed on a sidewall of the inverted cone structure or disposed at a bottom of the inverted cone structure.
Preferably, the inoculation cabin 30 may be provided with one or a plurality of inoculation cabins 30, for example, when the volume of the mixing cabin 20 is large, a plurality of inoculation cabins 30 may be provided, and at this time, a material distribution mechanism is connected to an outlet of the second conveying mechanism 70, and the material distribution mechanism is respectively communicated with inlets of the plurality of inoculation cabins 30 to distribute the wet materials into the respective inoculation cabins 30. Preferably, the material distribution mechanism comprises an auger 22 which can drive the material to move to the inlet of the inoculation bin 30.
The inoculation storehouse 30 is preferably constructed into a horizontal barrel-shaped structure, a cavity for containing materials is formed in the inoculation storehouse, the inoculation storehouse 30 can rotate around the axis of the inoculation storehouse, a spiral scraper is arranged on the inner wall of the inoculation storehouse, and the materials can be scattered by the movement of the materials driven by the scraper during rotation, so that the materials and liquid strains are fully mixed. And the inoculation cabin 30 can move along the spiral scraper under the action of the spiral scraper when rotating. Specifically, when the inoculation bin rotates forwards, the material can move towards the first direction, and when the inoculation bin rotates backwards, the material can move towards the second direction, so that the inoculation bin 30 can rotate to move the material towards the outlet direction under the action of the spiral scraper blade when the material needs to be discharged after inoculation is completed, and the discharging is more convenient and faster.
The lateral wall of inoculation storehouse 30 is formed with the cooling water intermediate layer, the cooling water intermediate layer covers the whole lateral wall of inoculation storehouse 30, through pour into the cooling water into in the cooling water intermediate layer and absorb the heat of inside high temperature material to reach the purpose to the material cooling.
The breeding tank 40 is communicated with the inoculation bin 30 through a pipeline, and after the temperature of the materials in the inoculation bin 30 is reduced, the temperature is preferably reduced to 25 ℃, liquid strains are introduced into the inoculation bin 30 for inoculation. Preferably, be provided with snakelike spray tube in the inoculation storehouse 30 for let in liquid bacterial, snakelike spray tube with the inner wall shape in inoculation storehouse 30 is the same, makes it press close to as far as possible inoculation storehouse 30 inner wall sets up, and the exit of snakelike spray tube is the slot export, makes liquid bacterial can be the form of spouting and flows out, thereby can increase its spraying coverage, makes the bacterial more easy misce bene.
The cooling water interlayer and the hot water recovery part 50 form the water supply system, and the cooling water with the increased heat absorption temperature in the cooling water interlayer flows into the hot water recovery part 50 to be stored in a heat preservation way and used for providing hot water into the mixing and stirring bin 20.
Preferably, the hot water recovery unit 50 includes a heat preservation unit 51 and a heating unit 52, the heat preservation unit 51 is configured to store and preserve heat of the recovered cooling water, and the heating unit 52 is configured to heat the water in the heat preservation unit 51 to raise the temperature of the hot water that can be introduced into the kneading chamber 20, where the hot water temperature is 30 ℃ to 100 ℃, and preferably 90 ℃. Further, the heat-insulating part 51 and the heating part 52 are configured as a container capable of storing water, such as a water tank, etc., the heat-insulating part 51 is provided with a heat-insulating layer capable of insulating water, and a heater is provided in the heating part 52. Preferably, a plurality of the heat preservation units 51 are provided, one heat preservation unit 51 is provided for each seed silo 30, one heating unit 52 is provided, when hot water needs to be supplied to the kneading silo 20, water in one or more of the heat preservation units 51 is introduced into the heating unit 52, heated in the heating unit 52 to be raised in temperature, and then the hot water and dry materials are added into the kneading silo 20 together.
The hot water and the dry materials are mixed and stirred, so that the temperature of the dry materials can be increased in the mixing and stirring process, the high-temperature sterilization time is saved, the high-temperature sterilization temperature is 110-120 ℃, the temperature of the materials after being mixed and stirred with the hot water is about 60 ℃, the temperature rise time of the materials can be greatly shortened, the sterilization time can be saved by 70-80%, and the production efficiency is remarkably improved.
Preferably, the inoculation device further comprises a bagging mechanism, the inoculated materials in the inoculation bin are conveyed into the bagging mechanism through the related conveying mechanism to be bagged, and cultivation can be carried out after bagging.
The invention also provides a method for inoculating edible fungi by mixing, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: mixing the dry material with hot water to form a wet material, and heating the wet material to perform high-temperature sterilization;
the method comprises the steps of sequentially feeding various ingredients of dry materials into the feeding bin 10, and stopping feeding the dry materials into the feeding bin 10 after the feeding is finished, wherein the ingredients can comprise corncobs, lime, sawdust, bran, cottonseed hulls, cane sugar and the like, and different ingredients and proportions of the ingredients can be selected according to different types of edible fungi, and can be the listed ingredients or other common ingredients which are not listed. Various ingredients are sequentially put into the feeding bin 10 according to the proportion, so that different materials form a layered structure in the feeding bin 10, namely different ingredients are positioned at different layers. And stopping feeding the materials into the feeding bin 10 after all the materials are fed, wherein the quantity of the materials in the feeding bin 10 is the required quantity, and the materials do not need to be fed again in the later stage.
And sequentially putting various ingredients of the material into the upper bin 10 according to a preset proportion, so that the ingredients form a layered structure in the upper bin 10.
The ingredients in the upper bin 10 flow under the action of gravity and flow out of the outlet of the upper bin 10 into the conveying mechanism. Moreover, as the ingredients are in relatively small particles or fine block structures, the ingredients in the upper bin 10 start to flow downwards at the central part, and the flowing state of the ingredients is similar to that of sand in an hourglass, namely, each layer flows downwards from the central part at the same time, so that materials of all layers start to be mixed in the flowing process.
The ingredients in the upper bin 10 are transported to the kneading bin 20 by the conveyor mechanism, and a part of the ingredients flows back in the conveyor mechanism, namely flows back from the conveyor belt, so that the ingredients are mixed again.
The in-process of pay-off in the thoughtlessly stirring storehouse 20, rabbling mechanism starts, and the material falls into in the mixing barrel 21, and under auger 22's effect, along auger 22 rises, rises to fall into when mixing barrel 21 top mixing barrel 21 with mix the cavity and the whereabouts between the storehouse 20 together with thoughtlessly, then the material is along with auger 22 rises again, so circulate and make the further intensive mixing of material even.
And injecting hot water into the mixing bin 20 while conveying the dry materials, so that the hot water and the dry materials are mixed to form wet materials, increasing the temperature, and stirring by a stirring mechanism in the mixing bin 20 in the feeding process to ensure that the dry materials are fully mixed. Preferably, the hot water temperature is 30 ℃ to 100 ℃, preferably 90 ℃.
After the feeding in the mixing bin 20 is finished, the stirring mechanism is closed, the heating device 24 is started, and the high-temperature sterilization is performed, wherein the temperature of the high-temperature sterilization is 100-125 ℃, and is preferably 120 ℃. Because the materials in the mixing bin 20 are mixed with hot water and then heated to about 60 ℃, the heating time can be greatly shortened, thereby shortening the sterilization time by about 70-80%.
Step two: cooling the sterilized wet materials by water, then recovering the cooling water after temperature rise, preserving heat, storing, and heating to be used as hot water mixed with the dry materials;
the sterilized high-temperature materials enter the inoculation bin 30, and the high-temperature materials are cooled through heat absorption of cooling water in a cooling water interlayer of the inoculation bin 30. The cooling water enters the heat recovery part for storage and heat preservation, is used as hot water supplied to the kneading bin 20 after reheating, and can reduce heat loss by recovering the cooling water, thereby reducing energy consumption.
Step three: mixing the cooled wet material with liquid strains, inoculating, and bagging;
after the materials in the inoculation bin 30 are cooled, the materials are preferably cooled to 25 ℃, liquid strains are introduced into the inoculation bin 30 according to a preset proportion, and the materials are fully stirred to be uniformly mixed to complete inoculation. Then the materials in the inoculation bin 30 can be bagged and cultivated.
The edible fungus mixing and inoculating method provided by the invention adopts the mixing of hot water and dry materials, can quickly increase the temperature of the materials, and can save a large amount of time in a high-temperature sterilization stage, thereby improving the efficiency of mixing the materials. And the sterilization, cooling and inoculation processes are all carried out in a bulk state, so that the heat transfer is faster and more sufficient during sterilization and cooling, and the effects of sufficient sterilization and cooling are achieved. In the cooling process after sterilization, cooling water is recycled and reused, so that part of heat can be recycled, energy is saved, and cost is reduced.
On the other hand, the equipment provided by the invention can be used for mixing materials in three processes of feeding, feeding and stirring, so that the materials are mixed more uniformly. And the setting of material is once only thrown to last feed bin 10 for throw material work load greatly reduced, can reduce operating personnel quantity and working strength.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The edible fungus mixing and inoculating device is characterized by comprising an upper material bin, a mixing and stirring bin, an inoculating bin, a breeding tank and a water supply system, wherein the upper material bin is connected with the mixing and stirring bin through a first conveying mechanism, dry materials flow into the mixing and stirring bin from the upper material bin through the first conveying mechanism, the mixing and stirring bin is connected with the water supply system to provide hot water for the mixing and stirring bin, mixing and stirring of the dry materials and the hot water are completed in the mixing and stirring bin, a heating device is arranged on the mixing and stirring bin to heat and sterilize materials,
the mixing bin is connected with the inoculation bin through a second conveying mechanism, wet materials in the mixing bin flow into the inoculation bin through the second conveying mechanism, the inoculation bin is connected with the water supply system, water in the water supply system absorbs heat to cool the wet materials,
the inoculation bin is connected with the breeding tank, liquid strains in the breeding tank flow into the inoculation bin to be mixed with wet materials for inoculation,
the water supply system includes: the seed mixing device comprises a cooling water interlayer formed on the inoculation cabin and a hot water recovery part connected with the cooling water interlayer, wherein the hot water recovery part is connected with the mixing cabin and supplies hot water to the mixing cabin.
2. The edible fungus stirring inoculation device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the stirring bin is constructed in a vertically arranged cylindrical structure, a containing cavity is formed inside the stirring bin, an inlet of the stirring bin is positioned at the top, the first conveying mechanism and the water supply system are communicated with the inlet of the stirring bin,
a mixing cylinder is arranged in the mixing bin, the inlet of the mixing bin is opposite to the mixing cylinder, a cavity is formed between the outer wall of the mixing cylinder and the inner wall of the mixing bin,
the holding cavity is internally provided with a stirring mechanism, the stirring mechanism passes through the mixing cylinder, and the stirring mechanism drives materials to move upwards from the mixing cylinder and fall from a cavity between the mixing cylinder and the mixing bin.
3. The edible fungus stirring inoculation device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the heating device is arranged on the outer wall of the stirring bin,
the heating device is an electric heating device or an oil heating device.
4. The edible fungus stirring inoculation device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the bottom of the stirring bin is constructed into an inverted cone structure, and a discharge hole is arranged on the inverted cone structure.
5. The edible fungi puddle inoculation apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the side wall of the mixing cylinder is further provided with a plurality of heat transfer apertures.
6. The edible fungus puddle inoculation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the hot water recovery portion comprises a heat preservation portion and a heating portion, the heat preservation portion is communicated with the cooling water interlayer of the inoculation cabin for storing the heated cooling water,
the heating part can heat water and is communicated with the heat preservation part, water in the heat preservation part flows into the heating part, and after the water is heated in the heating part, the water is heated to be hot water which can be introduced into the mixing and stirring bin.
7. The edible fungus puddle inoculation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of the hot water is 30 ℃ to 100 ℃.
8. The edible mushroom compost inoculation apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the upper portion of the upper silo is configured as a cylindrical structure, the bottom of the upper silo is configured as an inverted conical structure, and the upper silo can contain materials with the same volume as that of the compost silo.
9. The edible fungus mixing and inoculating method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
mixing and stirring the dry material and hot water to form a wet material, heating the wet material to perform high-temperature sterilization, wherein the temperature of the hot water is 30-100 ℃, and the temperature of the high-temperature sterilization is 100-125 ℃;
cooling the sterilized wet material, mixing the cooled wet material with liquid strains, inoculating, and bagging.
10. The edible mushroom inoculation method with blending according to claim 9, wherein the sterilized wet material is cooled with water, and then the cooled water after temperature rise is recovered, stored with heat preservation, and then heated to be used as hot water for blending with the dry material.
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Application publication date: 20191220 |