CN110578141A - Method for improving surface corrosion resistance of 316L stainless steel by laser cladding technology - Google Patents
Method for improving surface corrosion resistance of 316L stainless steel by laser cladding technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN110578141A CN110578141A CN201910939495.7A CN201910939495A CN110578141A CN 110578141 A CN110578141 A CN 110578141A CN 201910939495 A CN201910939495 A CN 201910939495A CN 110578141 A CN110578141 A CN 110578141A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
- C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
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- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for improving surface corrosion resistance of 316L stainless steel by a laser cladding technology, which comprises the steps of mixing 316L stainless steel powder with rare earth oxide CeO by the laser cladding technology2After mixing, a cladding layer was formed on the 316L stainless steel substrate, thereby improving the surface corrosion resistance of the 316L stainless steel. Compared with the traditional electroplating, the metallurgical bonding capacity of the cladding layer obtained by the method and the substrate is stronger, and the shedding phenomenon is not easy to occur. In addition rare earth oxide CeO2the addition of the alloy can block the movement of a crystal boundary and improve the nucleation rate, thereby playing a role in refining crystal grains and further improving the corrosion resistance of the cladding layer. The method is simple and convenient to operate and high in practicability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of marine steel plate corrosion prevention, in particular to a method for improving the corrosion resistance of a steel surface by rare earth modification and laser cladding technology.
Background
At present, most of steel used for ship steel plates, pipelines and the like in China are stainless steel, and the 316L stainless steel is mainly used for important connecting positions due to the excellent corrosion resistance, so that serious accidents caused by oil gas leakage of a ship are prevented. But now, the marine environment is extremely deteriorated, so that the surface of the 316L stainless steel is extremely easy to generate pitting phenomena, and further malignant leakage occurs on pipelines or important joints, so that accidents occur. Because the pitting phenomenon is mostly generated on the surface of the stainless steel or the surface contacting with seawater, the corrosion resistance of the surface of the stainless steel is improved, and the leakage accident can be effectively prevented.
The advantages of the laser cladding technology are as follows: the cooling speed is high, the rapid solidification can be realized, and the non-equilibrium state tissue is easy to obtain; the dilution rate of the coating is low and can be adjusted according to the process parameters; the heat affected zone is concentrated, and the stress influence on the base material is small; the application range is wide, the selection of cladding materials is various, and thicker coatings can be formed by cladding; cladding can be carried out in a specified area or a small range, so that energy is saved; the cladding process is simple and easy to control, and the automation degree is high. The rare earth oxide generally plays roles of refining grains, reducing cracks, holes, impurities and the like in a cladding layer in the laser cladding process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for improving the surface corrosion resistance of 316L stainless steel by a laser cladding technology, which carries out high-energy laser irradiation on a material to be clad by the laser cladding technology to melt the material and the surface of a base material so as to realize metallurgical bonding and enhance the characteristics of wear resistance, corrosion resistance and the like of the material so as to solve the problem that the important joint of a ship steel plate and a pipeline proposed in the technical background is easy to generate pitting corrosion so as to cause leakage accidents easily, and the invention uses a rare earth oxide CeO2The corrosion resistance of the material is further improved by adding the corrosion-resistant powder into the cladding layer powder.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
The invention applies a laser cladding process to clad stainless steel powder with the granularity of 50-120 mu m, which is the same as that of a substrate, and rare earth oxide CeO2Mixing, laser cladding is carried out on the surface of a 316L stainless steel substrate, and the stainless steel powder of the cladding layer and the components/mass fraction (%) of the substrate are as follows:
C0.03%
Mn1.3%
P0.006%
S0.006%
Si0.46%
Cr16.06%
Ni10.01%
Mo 2.04%
Balance of Fe
step one, according to the mass percentage, 97 to 99 percent of 316L stainless steel powder is dried for 1 to 1.5 hours at the temperature of 100 ℃ and 150 ℃ and then is mixed with 1 to 3 percent of micron-sized rare earth oxide CeO2Mixing the powders to obtain mixed powder; pre-spreading the mixed powder on the surface of a 316L stainless steel substrate which is polished to a smooth surface by 400-mesh, 600-mesh, 800-mesh and 1200-mesh sandpaper and is subjected to surface oxide layer removal, wherein the thickness of the pre-spread layer is 1-2 mm;
Step two, mixing HGL-6000 type CO2Laser parameters of the gas laser are set to be laser power of 3000W, the diameter of a light spot of 3.5mm and the scanning speed of 300 mm/min;
and step three, operating the laser gun according to the laser parameters, and scanning on the substrate to form the cladding layer with a defect-free surface.
in the step I, micron-sized rare earth oxide CeO2The particle size of the powder is 50-120 μm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: 1) the selection of the cladding layer powder which is the same as the base material can ensure that the base cladding layer forms good metallurgical bonding, prevent galvanic corrosion and effectively improve the corrosion resistance of the material surface; 2) due to the characteristics of rapid heating and rapid cooling, the material crystal grains can be solidified in short time in the cladding process, the effect of refining the crystal grains is achieved, the corrosion resistance of the material can be ensured to be improved, the hardness of the material can be correspondingly optimized, and other performances are correspondingly optimized, the average hardness of the original 316L stainless steel material substrate is 166HV, and the maximum impedance value is 25K omega; 3) rare earth oxide CeO can be added into the cladding layer powder2Further improves the corrosion resistance of the cladding layer.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a comparison graph of the microstructure of the upper part of the cladding layer of comparative example (a), example 1(b), example 2(c) and example 3 (d);
FIG. 2 is a graph comparing step hardness of 316L stainless steel material of the cladding layer in comparative example and examples 1-3;
FIG. 3 is a Nyquist resistance curve comparison graph of the stainless steel material 316L of the cladding layer 316L of the comparative example and examples 1 to 3.
Detailed Description
the preparation process of the present invention is further illustrated by the following examples:
Comparative example:
Drying 100g of 316L stainless steel powder with the granularity of 100 mu m at 150 ℃ for 1.5 hours, pre-paving the powder on the surface of a polished 316L stainless steel substrate, which is subjected to surface oxide layer removal, by using 400-mesh, 600-mesh, 800-mesh and 1200-mesh sandpaper, wherein the thickness of the pre-paved layer is 1 mm; mixing HGL-6000 type CO2Laser parameters of the gas laser are set to be laser power of 3000W, the diameter of a light spot of 3.5mm and the scanning speed of 300 mm/min; the laser gun operates according to the laser parameters and scans on the substrate to form the composite material with the cladding layer with the surface without defects; the finished composite material was cut longitudinally using a wire cutter to ensure sample sizes of approximately 8mm x 10mm x 15mm, and the material was prepared for later testing.
And testing the hardness of the cladding layer by adopting an HVS-1000 type microhardness tester, and testing the electrochemical performance of the coating by adopting an electrochemical workstation system. The test result shows that: the average hardness of this example was 180HV, and the maximum value of the impedance was 112 K.OMEGA..
Example 1:
99g of 316L stainless steel powder with a particle size of 100 μm were dried at 150 ℃ for 1.5 hours and mixed with 1g of rare earth oxide CeO with a particle size of 100 μm2Mixing the powders to obtain mixed powder; pre-paving the mixed powder on the surface of a 316L stainless steel substrate which is polished to a smooth surface by 400-mesh, 600-mesh, 800-mesh and 1200-mesh sandpaper and is subjected to surface oxidation layer removal, wherein the thickness of the pre-paved layer is 1 mm; mixing HGL-6000 type CO2Laser parameters of the gas laser are set to be laser power of 3000W, the diameter of a light spot of 3.5mm and the scanning speed of 300 mm/min; the laser gun operates according to the laser parameters and scans on the substrate to form the composite material with the cladding layer with the surface without defects; the composite material after fine grinding is longitudinally cut by adopting a wire cutting machine, so that the size of a sample is ensured to be largeApproximately 8mm by 10mm by 15mm, and the material was prepared for subsequent testing.
And testing the hardness of the cladding layer by adopting an HVS-1000 type microhardness tester, and testing the electrochemical performance of the coating by adopting an electrochemical workstation system. The test result shows that: the average hardness of this example was 186HV, and the impedance was 415 K.OMEGA..
Example 2:
98g of 316L stainless steel powder with a particle size of 100 μm were dried at 150 ℃ for 1.5 hours and then mixed with 2g of rare earth oxide CeO with a particle size of 100 μm2Mixing the powders to obtain mixed powder; pre-paving the mixed powder on the surface of a 316L stainless steel substrate which is polished to a smooth surface by 400-mesh, 600-mesh, 800-mesh and 1200-mesh sandpaper and is subjected to surface oxidation layer removal, wherein the thickness of the pre-paved layer is 1 mm; mixing HGL-6000 type CO2Laser parameters of the gas laser are set to be laser power of 3000W, the diameter of a light spot of 3.5mm and the scanning speed of 300 mm/min; the laser gun operates according to the laser parameters and scans on the substrate to form the composite material with the cladding layer with the surface without defects; the finished composite material was cut longitudinally using a wire cutter to ensure sample sizes of approximately 8mm x 10mm x 15mm, and the material was prepared for later testing.
And testing the hardness of the cladding layer by adopting an HVS-1000 type microhardness tester, and testing the electrochemical performance of the coating by adopting an electrochemical workstation system. The test result shows that: addition of CeO2the obtained CeO has obvious refining effect on crystal grains2The addition of the alloy effectively improves the hardness and the corrosion resistance of the cladding layer. The hardness of the cladding layer of the embodiment is 213HV, the impedance is 605K omega, and compared with the impedance of the base material, the impedance is improved by 24.2 times, and the coating formed by the cladding layer is proved to have better hardness and corrosion resistance.
Example 3:
97g of 316L stainless steel powder with a particle size of 100 μm were dried at 150 ℃ for 1.5 hours and then mixed with 3g of rare earth oxide CeO with a particle size of 100 μm2mixing the powders to obtain mixed powder; pre-paving the mixed powder on the surface of a 316L stainless steel substrate which is polished to a smooth surface by 400-mesh, 600-mesh, 800-mesh and 1200-mesh sandpaper and is subjected to surface oxidation layer removal, wherein the thickness of the pre-paved layer is 1 mm; mixing HGLCO type-60002Laser parameters of the gas laser are set to be laser power of 3000W, the diameter of a light spot of 3.5mm and the scanning speed of 300 mm/min; the laser gun operates according to the laser parameters and scans on the substrate to form the composite material with the cladding layer with the surface without defects; the finished composite material was cut longitudinally using a wire cutter to ensure sample sizes of approximately 8mm x 10mm x 15mm, and the material was prepared for later testing.
And testing the hardness of the cladding layer by adopting an HVS-1000 type microhardness tester, and testing the electrochemical performance of the coating by adopting an electrochemical workstation system. The test result shows that: addition of CeO2The obtained CeO has obvious refining effect on crystal grains2The addition of the alloy effectively improves the hardness and the corrosion resistance of the cladding layer. The hardness of the cladding layer of the embodiment is 195HV, the impedance is 83K omega, and the impedance is improved by 3.32 times compared with the impedance of the base material, so that the protective film formed by the cladding layer is proved to have better hardness and corrosion resistance. Meanwhile, the addition of the rare earth oxide has an optimal content, and the excessive addition can reduce the corrosion resistance of the cladding layer.
Claims (2)
1. A method for improving the surface corrosion resistance of 316L stainless steel by a laser cladding technology is characterized in that a laser cladding process is applied, cladding layer stainless steel powder with the same granularity as that of a base body and 50-120 mu m and rare earth oxide CeO are mixed with the cladding layer stainless steel powder2Mixing, laser cladding is carried out on the surface of a 316L stainless steel substrate, and the stainless steel powder of the cladding layer and the components/mass fraction (%) of the substrate are as follows:
C0.03%
Mn1.3%
P0.006%
S0.006%
Si0.46%
Cr16.06%
Ni10.01%
Mo 2.04%
Balance of Fe
step one, according to the mass percentage, 97 to 99 percent of 316L stainless steel powder is dried for 1 to 1.5 hours at the temperature of 100 ℃ and 150 ℃ and then is mixed with 1 to 3 percent of micron-sized rare earth oxide CeO2Mixing the powders to obtain mixed powder; mixing the raw materialsPre-spreading the powder on the surface of a 316L stainless steel substrate which is polished to a smooth surface by 400-mesh, 600-mesh, 800-mesh and 1200-mesh sand papers and is subjected to surface oxide layer removal, wherein the thickness of the pre-spread layer is 1-2 mm;
step two, mixing HGL-6000 type CO2laser parameters of the gas laser are set to be laser power of 3000W, the diameter of a light spot of 3.5mm and the scanning speed of 300 mm/min;
And step three, operating the laser gun according to the laser parameters, and scanning on the substrate to form the cladding layer with a defect-free surface.
2. The method for improving the surface corrosion resistance of 316L stainless steel by using the laser cladding technology is characterized in that in the step I, the micron-sized rare earth oxide CeO is used2the particle size of the powder is 50-120 μm.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112122607A (en) * | 2020-10-10 | 2020-12-25 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Additive repair material suitable for marine oscillation working condition and molten pool stability-shape regulation and control method |
| CN113249634A (en) * | 2021-04-27 | 2021-08-13 | 淮阴工学院 | Stainless steel and method for producing formed article thereof |
| CN114657559A (en) * | 2022-05-20 | 2022-06-24 | 中国长江三峡集团有限公司 | Powder material for yttrium oxide modified stainless steel cladding layer and preparation method and application thereof |
Citations (2)
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| CN101381868A (en) * | 2008-10-27 | 2009-03-11 | 徐洪 | High-hardness stainless steel alloy powder for laser remelted and technique of preparing the same |
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2019
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| CN101381868A (en) * | 2008-10-27 | 2009-03-11 | 徐洪 | High-hardness stainless steel alloy powder for laser remelted and technique of preparing the same |
| CN106835120A (en) * | 2017-01-18 | 2017-06-13 | 燕山大学 | A kind of austenitic stainless steel self-lubricating abrasion-resistant anti-corrosion coating |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
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| ZEZHOU XU ET AL.: ""Effects of CeO2 on the microstructure and properties of laser cladding 316L coating"", 《JOURNAL OF MATERIALS ENGINEERING AND PERFORMANCE》 * |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112122607A (en) * | 2020-10-10 | 2020-12-25 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Additive repair material suitable for marine oscillation working condition and molten pool stability-shape regulation and control method |
| CN113249634A (en) * | 2021-04-27 | 2021-08-13 | 淮阴工学院 | Stainless steel and method for producing formed article thereof |
| CN114657559A (en) * | 2022-05-20 | 2022-06-24 | 中国长江三峡集团有限公司 | Powder material for yttrium oxide modified stainless steel cladding layer and preparation method and application thereof |
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