Satellite alignment strategy of satellite communication simulation training system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of satellite communication simulation training, in particular to a satellite communication simulation training system and a satellite alignment strategy thereof.
Background
In recent years, satellite communication has been widely used in the commercial and military fields due to the advantages of wide coverage, high communication quality, convenient implementation of multiple access connection, and the like, and has important significance for national security and economic construction. The power resource of the satellite is often very precious due to the limitation of factors such as volume, weight and the like; meanwhile, in consideration of the requirements of miniaturization, portability, cost saving and the like, the ground terminal often has a large restriction on the transmitted power and the size of the antenna, so that the satellite communication system is usually a power-limited system. However, satellite communication is currently being developed toward large system capacity, miniaturization of terminals, and improvement of mobile communication capability.
After the practical application of satellite communication equipment, the primary task faced by equipment operators is to become familiar with various types of satellite equipment as soon as possible so as to play a role in the practical application as soon as possible, and the playing of the practical role depends to a great extent on the training and operation of the equipment organization, and the familiarity with the operation procedures and performance of various types of equipment. However, since the operation and training of the actual equipment causes severe loss of the satellite equipment, and is limited by the actual conditions, sites, expenses, etc. of each unit of use, the satellite equipment in the military field also involves core secrets, and the frequency and intensity of use and training of various types of equipment need to be strictly controlled.
In the process of starting a satellite communication system, the antenna-to-satellite is an important step, however, as the problems of limited site environment, serious equipment loss, limited expenditure, incapability of guaranteeing training strength and the like exist in the actual assembly operation, the operation training of the antenna-to-satellite in the actual assembly is difficult to complete, so that the satellite communication system is difficult to play in the actual application. Therefore, the training and operation of the satellite communication equipment are not usually performed directly on the real equipment, but are performed on a corresponding training simulation system, and after the performance of the equipment is trained and familiar repeatedly, the real equipment is actually operated.
However, the training simulator in the traditional sense is usually only the accumulation of hardware, and is supplemented with simple software, which can only provide training and operation simulation at a low level, and the research on related simulation training algorithms is less, such as star strategy, group training algorithm, etc., so that the application range is limited. Therefore, by researching the satellite aiming strategy, the method has important significance for solving the problems of complex operation, redundancy and the like of the traditional simulation satellite antenna system.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention aims to solve the technical problems of high risk, high cost, uncontrollable operation and the like of the existing satellite communication system on satellite alignment operation of actual equipment, adopts a satellite communication simulation training system and a satellite alignment strategy thereof, has the advantages of capability of simulating the satellite alignment process of the actual equipment, simple strategy design, stability, reliability and the like, can solve the key problem in the simulation training system, and has very important application value.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a satellite communication simulation training system is characterized in that: the system comprises a main control unit, a sensor unit connected with the main control unit, a display unit, a motor unit, an antenna hardware unit and a power supply unit; the power supply unit supplies power to other unit modules in the system, the sensor unit is used for measuring position information between the antenna hardware unit and a satellite to be aligned in real time, the main control unit is used for detecting parameter information transmitted by the sensor unit in real time, updating and calculating azimuth angle and pitch angle theoretical values, controlling the motor unit to work, and controlling the display unit to display satellite alignment effects and satellite alignment state information, and the motor unit is used for driving the antenna hardware unit to adjust the azimuth angle and the pitch angle of the antenna.
The invention also discloses a satellite alignment strategy of the satellite communication simulation training system, which is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps that firstly, a simulation training system is initialized, the beacon frequency of an antenna is set as the carrier frequency of a quasi-alignment satellite, and the pitch angle and the azimuth angle theoretical value of the antenna relative to the quasi-alignment satellite are calculated according to the longitude of the quasi-alignment satellite and the longitude and latitude of the antenna;
secondly, operating personnel perform satellite alignment operation on the satellite azimuth according to the theory calculated in the first step, and if the satellite alignment operation is completed, the simulation training system enters an effect evaluation stage;
step three, after the satellite operation of the personnel is evaluated in the step two, a satellite loss judgment module is executed: if the satellite is judged not to be lost, the simulation training system continues to evaluate the satellite aligning effect, and if the satellite is judged to be lost, the simulation training system reminds the operator to align the satellite again and returns to the step one.
Preferably, in the first step, the quasi-alignment satellite is set as an orbiting stationary satellite, and the theoretical azimuth angle of the antenna relative to the quasi-alignment satellite is determined
And theoretical pitch angle
Comprises the following steps:
wherein,
the variable represents the difference in longitude, θ, between the antenna and the point of vertical projection of the satellite to be aligned on the earth's surface
1Indicates the latitude, h, of the location of the antenna
EIndicating track height, R
ERepresenting the radius of the earth.
Preferably, in the second step, the flow of the effect evaluation stage is as follows:
the operator follows the azimuth angle calculated in the first step
Pitch angle
Theoretical value, after the operation of the satellite, the actual azimuth angle and the actual pitch angle of the antenna are respectively
And
simulated training system based on the increase to stars in the following equationBeneficial Δ G assessment on star effect:
where deltaa is the antenna gain of the analog training system,
and
in order to realize satellite alignment loss, if satellite alignment gain delta G exceeds a preset value, satellite alignment is effective; otherwise, the current satellite-to-satellite operation is considered to have an error.
Preferably, the antenna hardware unit of the analog training system adopts a multi-beam antenna, Δ a is 35.2dB, and if the satellite gain Δ G exceeds a preset value of 25dB, the satellite is valid; otherwise, the current satellite-to-satellite operation is considered to have an error.
Preferably, in the third step, a fading factor is added to simulate a satellite loss process in the actual device, and the determination process of the satellite loss determination module is as follows:
if the satellite aligning gain delta G' after the fading factor is added is lower than 0.6 times of the satellite aligning gain delta G, the simulation training system considers that the situation is in a satellite losing state and performs timing, and if the timing time lasts for more than 50s, the antenna is considered to be in the satellite losing state and needs to be aligned again; if the timing time is less than 50s, the antenna is considered to be only in short shielding, and the satellite does not need to be aimed again.
Preferably, the gain Δ G' to the satellite after adding the fading factor is
ΔG′=ΔG-|Δr|dB
Wherein, Δ G is the satellite gain before adding the fading factor, and Δ r follows Rayleigh distribution
The mean value is 0, the variance is sigma, and the distribution is a classical channel fading model in satellite communication and is used for simulating a satellite loss process in actual equipment.
Has the advantages that:
1. the invention provides a satellite communication simulation training system and a satellite aiming strategy thereof, which are used for researching the flows of an initial satellite aiming stage, an effect evaluation stage, satellite loss judgment and the like in the simulation system, so that the satellite communication simulation training system can truly simulate the satellite aiming process of actual equipment;
2. the satellite communication simulation training system and the satellite aiming strategy thereof provided by the invention have the advantages of capability of simulating the satellite aiming process of actual equipment, simple strategy design, stability, reliability and the like, can solve the key problems in the simulation training system, and have very important application value;
3. the achievement of the invention can be applied to application scenes of various satellite communication system operators for daily satellite communication simulation training and assessment and the like, and is particularly suitable for situations that relevant departments lack satellite communication actual equipment or training fields are limited and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the satellite-to-satellite strategy of the satellite communication simulation training system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the geometry of a quasi-satellite S and an antenna A in a simulated training system;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a geometric relationship decomposition between a quasi-satellite S and an antenna a in a simulated training system.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and it will be understood that they are described herein for the purpose of illustration and explanation and not limitation.
The invention discloses a satellite communication simulation training system of a satellite strategy, which comprises a main control unit, a sensor unit, a display unit, a motor unit, an antenna hardware unit and a power supply unit, wherein the main control unit is used for controlling the main control unit to control the main control unit; the power supply unit supplies power to other unit modules in the system, the sensor unit measures position information between the antenna hardware unit and the satellite to be aligned in real time, the main control unit detects and updates parameter information transmitted by the sensor unit in real time, an azimuth angle and a pitch angle theoretical value are calculated, the motor unit is controlled to work, the display unit displays satellite alignment effect and satellite alignment state information, and the motor unit works to drive the antenna hardware unit to adjust the corresponding azimuth angle and pitch angle.
The satellite alignment strategy of the satellite communication simulation training system is developed around a satellite alignment process of a simulation satellite antenna, and comprises an initial satellite alignment stage, a satellite alignment evaluation stage, satellite loss judgment and other processes, wherein the satellite alignment strategy specifically comprises the following steps as shown in figure 1:
the method comprises the steps that firstly, a simulation training system is initialized, the beacon frequency of an antenna is set as the carrier frequency of a quasi-alignment satellite, and the theoretical values of a pitch angle and an azimuth angle are calculated according to the longitude of the quasi-alignment satellite and the longitude and latitude of the antenna;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of the geometry relationship between the antenna a and the satellite S to be aligned. Wherein, the point O is the center of the earth sphere, and the intersection point of the longitude line passing through the point A of the antenna and the equator is the point B
And theta
1Longitude and latitude representing the location of antenna a; s 'is the vertical projection of the satellite S to be aligned on the earth' S surface with a longitude of
If it is used
The variable represents the longitude difference between the antenna A and the projection point S', there is
For simplicity, FIG. 2 may be decomposed into coordinate systems as shown in FIG. 3.
As shown in fig. 3, passing point a makes an arc pointing to point B
Is tangent to AQ, passing through point A as an arc pointing to point S
A tangent line AP of
Representing the azimuth of the antenna a relative to the satellite S to be aimed at,
the elevation angle of the antenna a relative to the intended satellite S is shown.
Considering that the satellite to be aligned by the analog training system is a stationary orbit satellite, the triangle ABS ' in fig. 3 is a spherical right-angle triangle (where < ABS ' > is 90 °), and a is < AOS ', then there are:
the simultaneous formation of the above formulas (1), (3) and (4)
Thus, the theoretical azimuth is:
an extension AA 'of OA is drawn on FIG. 3, and a perpendicular line drawn through point S as an extension of OA intersects point A'. Therefore, it can be seen that AP is parallel to SA ', and since the triangle AA' S is a right triangle, there are:
wherein R isEIs the radius of the earth, hEIs the height of the simulated pair of stars.
Substituting equation (2) into (7) yields:
in the simulation training system, if the quasi-alignment satellite is a geostationary orbit satellite, its orbit height h
E35860km, radius of the earth R
E6378km, then
The theoretical pitch angle of the antenna, which is substituted into equation (8), is:
secondly, operating personnel perform satellite alignment operation on the satellite azimuth according to the theory calculated in the first step, and if the satellite alignment operation is completed, the simulation training system enters an effect evaluation stage, wherein the evaluation flow is as follows:
the operator follows the azimuth angle calculated in the first step
Pitch angle
Theoretical value, after the operation of the satellite, the actual azimuth angle and the actual pitch angle of the antenna are respectively
And
the sensor unit is to
And
the value is transmitted back to the main control unit of the simulation training system;
when the simulation training system receives the azimuth angle of the actual antenna
Angle of elevation
The simulated training system then evaluates the satellite effects according to the satellite gain Δ G in the following equation:
wherein, Delta A is the antenna gain of the analog training system, and the analog training system considers that the antenna is a multi-beam antenna, then Delta A is 35.2dB,
and
loss for satellite;
if the satellite-to-satellite gain exceeds a preset value of 25dB, the satellite-to-satellite effect is achieved; otherwise, the current satellite-to-satellite operation is considered to have an error.
And step three, after the satellite alignment operation of the personnel is evaluated in the step two, executing a satellite loss judgment module, if the satellite is judged not to be lost, simulating the training system to continue evaluating the satellite alignment effect, and if the satellite is judged to be lost, reminding the operator to align the satellite again, and returning to the step one.
In the third step, a fading factor is added to simulate a satellite loss process in actual equipment, and the judgment flow of the satellite loss judgment module is as follows:
if the satellite gain Δ G' after the fading factor is added is lower than 0.6 times of the satellite gain Δ G in the step two, the simulation training system considers that the situation is a satellite losing state, and performs timing, if the timing time lasts for more than 50s, the antenna is considered to be in the satellite losing state, and the satellite needs to be aligned again, otherwise, if the timing time is less than 50s, the antenna is considered to be only in short shielding, and the satellite does not need to be aligned again.
Wherein, the satellite gain delta G' after the fading factor is added is
ΔG′=ΔG-|Δr|dB
Wherein, Δ G is the satellite gain after adding the fading factor, and Δ r follows Rayleigh distribution
The mean value is 0, the variance is sigma, and the distribution is a classical channel fading model in satellite communication and is used for simulating a satellite loss process in actual equipment.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.