CN110568439B - Deconvolution-based impulse type through-wall radar antenna ringing suppression method - Google Patents
Deconvolution-based impulse type through-wall radar antenna ringing suppression method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110568439B CN110568439B CN201910911346.XA CN201910911346A CN110568439B CN 110568439 B CN110568439 B CN 110568439B CN 201910911346 A CN201910911346 A CN 201910911346A CN 110568439 B CN110568439 B CN 110568439B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/023—Interference mitigation, e.g. reducing or avoiding non-intentional interference with other HF-transmitters, base station transmitters for mobile communication or other radar systems, e.g. using electro-magnetic interference [EMI] reduction techniques
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S13/887—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for detection of concealed objects, e.g. contraband or weapons
- G01S13/888—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for detection of concealed objects, e.g. contraband or weapons through wall detection
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/36—Means for anti-jamming, e.g. ECCM, i.e. electronic counter-counter measures
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/40—Means for monitoring or calibrating
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
- Y02A90/10—Information and communication technologies [ICT] supporting adaptation to climate change, e.g. for weather forecasting or climate simulation
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Abstract
The invention discloses a deconvolution-based impulse type through-wall radar antenna ringing suppression method, which comprises the following steps: step S1: obtaining an antenna impulse response function, converting the antenna impulse response function into a frequency domain form, and pre-storing the frequency domain form into a radar processor; step S2: if the radar is a multi-channel radar, carrying out channel correction on each channel error in the echo; if the radar is a single-channel radar, the step is omitted; step S3: FFT transforming the channel corrected echo to the frequency domain; step S4: the echo signal in the frequency domain is multiplied by the inverse function of the antenna impulse response function to realize deconvolution ringing suppression; step S5: the signal is converted into the time domain, where ringing effects in the signal have been removed. The invention has the advantages of wide application range, realization of suppression of signal ringing at the antenna end, improvement of radar range resolution, and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention mainly relates to the technical field, in particular to an impulse type through-wall radar antenna ringing suppression method based on deconvolution.
Background
The micropower ultra-wideband impulse radar can be widely applied to the fields of military and civil search and rescue such as anti-terrorism security check, urban street warfare and the like by virtue of strong penetrability, high resolution and all-weather working characteristics. Antennas are a major component of radar and typically comprise a substantial portion of the overall volume and weight in conventional radar systems. In consideration of the actual detection requirement and the portable use requirement of the micropower ultra-wideband impulse radar, a plane butterfly-shaped or plane conical antenna is adopted, and the plane antenna has the characteristics of omnidirectional radiation and small volume, so that the micropower ultra-wideband radar is more suitable for detecting short-distance low-small slow targets.
However, such planar antennas also have their own drawbacks: impulse signals can appear in different degrees of signal ringing tail on the antennas, and the effect can reduce the resolution of the radar and influence the detection capability. Although a wide variety of hardware loads may be used to suppress ringing effects, the hardware loads at the expense of radiant energy. Because the through-wall radar detection target is that electromagnetic waves penetrate through the medium wall twice, signal attenuation is large, and the hardware loading can cause further reduction of radar detection distance.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: aiming at the technical problems existing in the prior art, the invention provides the impulse type through-wall radar antenna ringing suppression method based on deconvolution, which has wide application range and can realize the antenna end signal ringing suppression and improve the radar range resolution.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an impulse type through-wall radar antenna ringing suppression method based on deconvolution comprises the following steps:
step S1: obtaining an antenna impulse response function, converting the antenna impulse response function into a frequency domain form, and pre-storing the frequency domain form into a radar processor;
step S2: if the radar is a multi-channel radar, carrying out channel correction on each channel error in the echo; if the radar is a single-channel radar, the step is omitted;
step S3: FFT transforming the channel corrected echo to the frequency domain;
step S4: the echo signal in the frequency domain is multiplied by the inverse function of the antenna impulse response function to realize deconvolution ringing suppression;
step S5: the signal is converted into the time domain, where ringing effects in the signal have been removed.
As a further improvement of the invention: in the step S1, an antenna impulse response function is calculated according to the antenna geometry, the substrate material and the dielectric characteristics.
As a further improvement of the invention: in the step S3, the signal is transferred to the frequency domain for multiplication.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. the deconvolution-based impulse type through-wall radar antenna ringing suppression method combines an antenna ringing generation mechanism, realizes ringing suppression only by a deconvolution signal processing-based method, and avoids the defect of hardware loading. The invention has important promotion effect on further improving the detection performance of the through-wall radar and the micro-power ultra-wideband radar of the same type.
2. According to the deconvolution-based impulse type through-wall radar antenna ringing suppression method, under simulation and actual measurement conditions, the antenna end signal ringing suppression can be achieved, and the radar range resolution is improved. And the suppression method does not need hardware loading, so that the detection distance of the radar can be increased. The invention is universally applicable, not only can be used for impulse type through-wall radar, but also can be used for radar life detector, composite search and rescue radar and other micro-power ultra-wideband impulse type radar, can inhibit signal ringing at the planar antenna end, and can improve radar resolution.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the method of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic illustration of a through-wall radar in a specific application example of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a planar butterfly antenna in a specific application of the invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram showing actual measurement of pulses generated by a through-wall radar transmitter in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a planar antenna radiating signal in a specific application example of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of an antenna delay filter network in a specific application example of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the comparison of waveforms of the radiated signals using the ringing suppression algorithm in a specific application example of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a graph showing the contrast of a single target measured echo in a specific application example of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a graph showing the comparison of multiple measured echoes of the present invention in a specific application example.
Legend description:
1. a first receiving antenna; 2. a transmitting antenna; 3. a second receiving antenna; 4. a metal cavity.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and the specific examples.
Since the distance resolution of the impulse radar depends on the pulse width, the ringing tail is equivalent to widening the pulse width and reducing the radar resolution. The root cause of the antenna ringing is impedance discontinuity, signal reflection occurs when the impedance discontinuity occurs, and the superposition of multiple reflections appears as ringing tail on the time domain waveform. By considering the antenna system response approximately as a delay filter network, the system response function is determined, and the ringing tail in the echo can be restrained by a deconvolution method.
As shown in fig. 1, the method for suppressing the ringing of the impulse type through-wall radar antenna based on deconvolution comprises the following steps:
step S1: and calculating according to the antenna geometric shape, the substrate material and the dielectric property to obtain an antenna impulse response function model. According to the transmission line theorem, the antenna feed point reflection coefficient and the far-end reflection coefficient shown in fig. 3 can be calculated:
wherein Z is 0 Representation feedWire impedance of 50Ω, Z air Represents air impedance, 377 Ω, Z f And Z t The impedance at the feed point of the antenna and the impedance at the far end are respectively represented, and specific values can be obtained through software simulation. ρ f And ρ t Representing the reflection coefficient at the feed point and at the far end, respectively.
From the antenna dimensions, the time delay of the signal propagation on the antenna can be calculated:
wherein, I e Lambda is the distance the signal travels on the antenna c The wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the pulse signal, c is the propagation speed of electromagnetic wave in vacuum, and is 3×10 8 m/s，ε e Is the relative dielectric constant, v e T is the equivalent speed of signal propagation on the antenna d Is a single pass delay of signal transmission.
The signal will be reflected at the feed point and the far end, and the multiple reflections will be superimposed on each other, and the final signal form is:
wherein s is 0 (t) is an ideal transmitted pulse signal, and the effect is represented by h (t) and s due to convolution operation of delay superposition of ideal impact signals caused by antenna ringing effect i And (t) is the signal after the ith reflection, f (t) is the signal radiated on the final antenna, and the signal consists of an ideal signal and a repeated reflection superposition signal.
The formula (3) is a mathematical model generated by the antenna array effect;
step S2: when the radar is used, channel correction is carried out on each channel error in the echo; if a single channel radar, this step may be omitted;
step S3: transforming the echo FFT after channel correction to a frequency domain, and taking the complexity of the deconvolution operation of a time domain into consideration, and transferring the signal to the frequency domain for multiplication operation;
step S4: the echo signal in the frequency domain is multiplied by the inverse function of the antenna impulse response function to realize deconvolution ringing suppression;
the time domain convolution of equation (3) can be written as a frequency domain multiplication form:
F(jω)＝S 0 (jω)H(jω) (4)
wherein F (j omega), S 0 (jω) and H (jω) are f (t), s, respectively 0 Frequency domain representations of (t) and h (t).
The specific expression of the system response function frequency domain of the antenna is as follows:
then the deconvolution operation can be implemented in the frequency domain by multiplying the inverse function of H (jω) while recovering the original ideal impulse signal from the signal. Can be expressed as:
F(jω)H -1 (jω)＝S 0 (jω)H(jω)H -1 (jω)＝S 0 (jω) (6)
step S5: the signal is converted into the time domain, and the ringing effect in the signal is eliminated, so that the subsequent operation can be performed.
The method does not need any form of hardware loading, only inhibits the signal ringing effect of the impulse signal on the plane bowknot antenna by a back-end signal processing method, restores the signal narrow pulse characteristic, and is beneficial to improving the target resolution and the maximum acting distance of the radar. The method not only can be used for impulse through-wall radar to inhibit the ringing effect on unloaded planar antennas, but also can be used for inhibiting the ringing effect of other radio frequency equipment antenna ends and recovering the original signal characteristics, and has high efficiency and general usability.
The method has universality, can be used in radar life search and rescue equipment of various micropower ultra-wideband impulse system such as wall-penetrating radar, radar life detector, multimode composite life detector and the like, and can effectively inhibit the antenna ringing effect.
In a specific application example, referring to fig. 1, a through-wall radar object diagram for main application and experiment is shown. The figure is a front view of radar detection, with three planar butterfly antennas: the first receiving antenna 1, the transmitting antenna 2 and the second receiving antenna 3 are arranged in the middle, namely the transmitting antenna 2 and the two receiving antennas are symmetrically distributed left and right; the back metal cavity 4 and the wave absorbing material ensure the direction of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the antenna.
Referring to fig. 2, a schematic diagram of a planar butterfly antenna in a specific application example, that is, an antenna used in the through-wall radar in fig. 1, two arms of a dipole are made into isosceles triangle or sector, and the antenna dipole is made of copper foil or other conductive material coated on a thin dielectric substrate. The bow tie antenna can be approximately regarded as a travelling wave structure antenna, and impulse signals generated by a transmitter gradually flow to two sides from a central feed point of the antenna, and the ends of the impulse signals are reflected due to discontinuous impedance. The superposition of multiple reflections of the pulse signal at the feed point and the end results in signal ringing.
Referring to fig. 3, a graph of actual measurements of pulses generated by a through-wall radar transmitter is shown, where the pulse time width generated by the transmitter is approximately 2ns. Referring to fig. 4, a signal diagram of a planar antenna is shown. I.e. the pulse signal generated by the transmitter of fig. 3, is fed to the antenna via the feed point and radiated from the antenna. As compared to the waveform of fig. 3, it can be seen that significant ringing and tailing of the signal occurs, and the effective width of the signal is as large as 10ns. It is known from the calculation that the radar range resolution is reduced by a factor of 5 because of the influence of the antenna ringing effect.
Referring to fig. 5, an antenna delay filter network diagram is shown. The reason for the generation of the antenna ringing is that the signal can be transmitted at the position where impedance discontinuity is encountered in the propagation process, the signal can be transmitted for multiple times at the antenna end and the feed position, and the signal ringing tail is generated when the transmitted signal is continuously overlapped and displayed on the time domain waveform. The system response function of the antenna, which can be seen as a delay filter network, can be obtained by calculating the feed point and the reflection system and signal transmission time at the antenna profile.
Referring to fig. 7, a graph is shown illustrating a comparison of waveforms of radiated signals after using the ringing suppression method of the present invention. The dotted line is the signal waveform (original waveform) with ringing trailing, the solid line is the signal after using the invention, the ringing effect of the signal is obviously suppressed, the signal main peak is obvious.
Referring to fig. 8, a single target measured echo contrast plot is shown. The radar actual measurement echo under the condition that only one human target exists in the radar detection area, the dotted line is an original waveform, the solid line is a waveform after the ringing is inhibited by the invention, and the inhibition effect of the invention is obvious.
Referring to fig. 9, a multi-target measured echo contrast plot is shown. Three actual measured echoes of the radar under the condition of human targets are arranged in the radar detection area, the dotted line is an original waveform, and the solid line is a waveform after the ringing is suppressed by the method. It can be seen that the original echo is due to signal ringing tail, resulting in three target echoes overlapping together, which are already indistinguishable; the three objects can be clearly seen after the inhibition method of the invention is used.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and all technical solutions belonging to the concept of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications and adaptations to the invention without departing from the principles thereof are intended to be within the scope of the invention as set forth in the following claims.
Claims (4)
1. The impulse type through-wall radar antenna ringing suppression method based on deconvolution is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1: obtaining an antenna impulse response function, converting the antenna impulse response function into a frequency domain form, and pre-storing the frequency domain form into a radar processor; the method comprises the following steps:
according to the antenna geometric shape, the substrate material and the dielectric characteristic, an antenna impulse response function model is obtained through calculation, and according to the transmission line theorem, the reflection coefficient of an antenna feed point and the reflection coefficient of a far end are calculated:
wherein Z is 0 Represents the impedance of the feeder, 50 omega, Z air Represents air impedance, 377 Ω, Z f And Z t Respectively representing the impedance at the antenna feed point and the far-end impedance, ρ f And ρ t Representing the reflection coefficients at the feed point and at the far end, respectively;
from the antenna dimensions, the time delay of the signal propagation on the antenna can be calculated:
wherein, I e Lambda is the distance the signal travels on the antenna c The wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the pulse signal, c is the propagation speed of electromagnetic wave in vacuum, and is 3×10 8 m/s，ε e Is the relative dielectric constant, v e T is the equivalent speed of signal propagation on the antenna d Is the single-pass time delay of signal transmission;
the signal will be reflected at the feed point and the far end, and the multiple reflections will be superimposed on each other, and the final signal form is:
wherein s is 0 (t) is an ideal transmitted pulse signal, and the effect is represented by h (t) and s due to convolution operation of delay superposition of ideal impact signals caused by antenna ringing effect i (t) is the ith reflected signal, f (t) is the signal radiated on the final antenna, and consists of an ideal signal and a repeated reflection superposition signal;
step S2: if the radar is a multi-channel radar, carrying out channel correction on each channel error in the echo; if the radar is a single-channel radar, the step is omitted;
step S3: FFT transforming the channel corrected echo to the frequency domain;
step S4: the echo signal in the frequency domain is multiplied by the inverse function of the antenna impulse response function to realize deconvolution ringing suppression;
step S5: the signal is converted into the time domain, where ringing effects in the signal have been removed.
2. The method for suppressing the ringing of an impulse type through-wall radar antenna based on deconvolution as claimed in claim 1, wherein in said step S1, an antenna impulse response function is calculated according to the antenna geometry, the substrate material and the dielectric characteristics.
3. The deconvolution-based impulse type through-wall radar antenna ringing suppression method of claim 1, wherein in the step S1, an impulse response data model is established.
4. The method for suppressing the ringing of an impulse type through-wall radar antenna based on deconvolution as claimed in claim 1, wherein in said step S3, the signal is transferred to a frequency domain for multiplication.
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