CN110568067A - Automatic gain adjustment method, system, equipment and storage medium for steel rail flaw detection - Google Patents
Automatic gain adjustment method, system, equipment and storage medium for steel rail flaw detection Download PDFInfo
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- CN110568067A CN110568067A CN201910805742.4A CN201910805742A CN110568067A CN 110568067 A CN110568067 A CN 110568067A CN 201910805742 A CN201910805742 A CN 201910805742A CN 110568067 A CN110568067 A CN 110568067A
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- grass
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/36—Detecting the response signal, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor
- G01N29/40—Detecting the response signal, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor by amplitude filtering, e.g. by applying a threshold or by gain control
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
- G01N2291/023—Solids
- G01N2291/0234—Metals, e.g. steel
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/26—Scanned objects
- G01N2291/262—Linear objects
- G01N2291/2623—Rails; Railroads
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Abstract
the invention provides a steel rail flaw detection automatic gain adjusting method, which comprises the following steps: step A: setting the percentage range of the standard value of the grass-shaped wave integral; and B: sampling to obtain a oscillogram of the current grass-shaped wave, calculating an actual value through integration, and converting the actual value into a percent actual value; and C: and comparing the relation between the standard value percentage range and the actual percentage value to perform gain adjustment. The automatic gain adjustment method for steel rail flaw detection provided by the invention has the advantages that: the grass-shaped wave height is used as a reference, and the gain adjustment is carried out to enable the grass-shaped wave height to be within a preset range, so that damage echo signals can be obviously received through a screen, the detection efficiency is improved, automatic gain adjustment is realized based on the grass-shaped wave height, manual participation is not needed, and the electronic equipment can be timely and accurately gain adjusted.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of rail ultrasonic flaw detection, in particular to a rail flaw detection automatic gain adjusting method, a system, equipment and a storage medium.
Background
in ultrasonic flaw detection of a steel rail, in order to perform scanning and flaw detection of the head, waist, and rail foot of the steel rail in all directions, a multi-channel electronic device is generally used, and these electronic devices are mounted on a cart or a motor vehicle and are performed at a constant speed. Signals collected by the ultrasonic probe can be displayed on a screen only by being amplified through an electronic circuit so as to be convenient for an operator to judge. This amplification of the signal is called "gain" and adjusting the amplification of the signal is called "gain adjustment". The signal amplification factor is generally expressed in dB. The operator can adjust the gain of each channel in real time according to the detection conditions on site, such as the abrasion of the steel rail, the scale of the steel rail surface, the temperature and the like. In addition, the detection speed also changes, the detection speed can be reduced in a straight line section, the detection speed is correspondingly reduced in sections such as turnouts, curves and ramps, and the change of the speed also requires the gain amount to be adjusted in real time. Because the steel rail flaw detection equipment has a plurality of channels and a certain detection speed, if the gain of all the channels is adjusted respectively by manpower, the time and the labor are wasted, and the real-time response can not be realized.
Disclosure of Invention
the invention aims to provide a method for automatically adjusting gain based on the height of a grass-shaped wave so as to solve the problem that manual adjustment is time-consuming and labor-consuming.
The invention solves the technical problems through the following technical scheme:
a steel rail flaw detection automatic gain adjusting method comprises the following steps:
step A: setting the percentage range of the standard value of the grass-shaped wave integral;
And B: sampling to obtain a oscillogram of the current grass-shaped wave, calculating an actual value through integration, and converting the actual value into a percent actual value;
and C: and comparing the relation between the standard value percentage range and the actual percentage value to perform gain adjustment.
Preferably, the standard value percentage of the grass wave integral in the step A is in the range of 15-20%.
Preferably, the actual value S of the grass wave in step B is:
wherein, airepresenting the sampling value of the ith sampling point, wherein N is the number of the sampling points;
determining a flaw detection area based on the height of the flaw detection range in the steel rail to obtain the upper limit and the lower limit t of the sampling doorxAnd tythe number of sampling points is
N＝(ty-tx)fs
wherein f issIs the sampling frequency;
The first sampling point corresponds to a sampling time of
the actual percentage m of the grass wave is expressed as
wherein h is the full screen amplitude of the display screen.
preferably, the method for adjusting the gain in step C includes: defining the percentage range of the standard value as [ a, b ], wherein a is less than or equal to b;
if m is less than a, the gain of the ultrasonic echo signal is increased by 1 dB; if m is larger than b, the gain of the ultrasonic echo signal is reduced by 1 dB;
and repeating the steps B and C after the gain is adjusted until m is more than or equal to a and less than or equal to B.
The invention also provides a steel rail flaw detection automatic gain adjusting system, which comprises
An input module: setting a standard value percentage range of the grass-shaped wave integral;
A processing module: sampling to obtain a oscillogram of the current grass-shaped wave, calculating an actual value through integration, and converting the actual value into a percent actual value;
a control module: and comparing the relation between the standard value percentage range and the actual percentage value, and controlling gain adjustment.
Preferably, the standard value range of the grass wave integral set by the input module is 15% -20%.
Preferably, the actual value S of the waveform is:
Wherein, aiRepresenting the sampling value of the ith sampling point, wherein N is the number of the sampling points;
Determining a flaw detection area based on the height of the flaw detection range in the steel rail to obtain the upper limit and the lower limit t of the sampling doorxAnd tyThe number of sampling points is
N＝(ty-tx)fs
Wherein f issIs the sampling frequency;
the first sampling point corresponds to a sampling time of
the actual percentage m of the grass wave is expressed as
Wherein h is the full screen amplitude of the display screen.
preferably, the method for the control module to adjust the gain comprises: defining the percentage range of the standard value as [ a, b ], wherein a is less than or equal to b;
If m is less than a, the gain of the ultrasonic echo signal is increased by 1 dB; if m is larger than b, the gain of the ultrasonic echo signal is reduced by 1 dB;
and repeating the steps B and C after the gain is adjusted until m is more than or equal to a and less than or equal to B.
the invention also provides an electronic processing device comprising at least one processor and a storage means storing at least one executable program, said at least one processor implementing said automatic gain adjustment method when said at least one executable program is executed by said at least one processor.
The invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program is stored, which, when being executed by a processor, is able to carry out the automatic gain adjustment method.
The automatic gain adjustment method for steel rail flaw detection provided by the invention has the advantages that: the grass-shaped wave height is used as a reference, and the gain adjustment is carried out to enable the grass-shaped wave height to be within a preset range, so that damage echo signals can be obviously received through a screen, the detection efficiency is improved, automatic gain adjustment is realized based on the grass-shaped wave height, manual participation is not needed, and the electronic equipment can be timely and accurately gain adjusted.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a grass wave provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a sampling gate interval selected by the rail flaw detection automatic gain adjustment method according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
in order that the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with the following specific embodiments.
Referring to FIG. 1, in ultrasonic testing, a chaotic, clumpy weed-like signal, called a grass-like wave, appears near the baseline. When we push the device to a place without any damage reflection, the reflection echo close to the bottom line is a grass wave in the A-scan state. The grass-shaped waves are grain reflections in the steel rail material, and the steel rail flaw detection generally requires that at least a flaw position with the diameter of 4mm can be found; experiments show that the echo amplitude of a flat-bottom hole with phi 4 units orthogonal to an ultrasonic main beam is higher than that of a grass-shaped wave by about 30dB, so that if the grass-shaped wave is maintained at a certain level, such as 10% -20% of a screen, a reflected signal of a damage with the same area as that of the flat-bottom hole with phi 4 in actual flaw detection is far larger than that of the whole screen, and the damage signal cannot be missed no matter whether the flaw detection equipment adopts A scanning or B scanning.
Based on the principle, the automatic gain adjustment method for steel rail flaw detection provided by the embodiment comprises the following steps:
Step A: setting a standard value range of the grass-shaped wave integral;
based on the principle stated above, the present application wishes to directly determine the height of the grass waves in the whole screen, so in actual calculation, the integral value of the grass waves needs to be converted into percentage, and the standard value range is also given as percentage range, the standard value percentage range selected in the present embodiment is 15% -20%, and of course, the skilled person can further extend or retract the standard value range without any creative work when using the solution provided in the present embodiment, and the basic requirement is to make the minimum damage that can be detected clearly displayed on the screen.
and B: sampling to obtain a oscillogram of the current grass-shaped wave, and calculating an actual value through integration;
Referring to fig. 2, before starting flaw detection, it is necessary to determine a flaw detection area within the vertical height range of a steel rail, and take the upper and lower limits of the flaw detection area as the upper and lower limits of a sampling gate, t being respectivelyxand ty(ii) a Sampling frequency f can be obtained based on digital-to-analog conversion chip in sampling instrumentsIf the number of sampling points is N ═ t (t)y-tx)fs(ii) a The sampling value of the ith sampling point detected by the instrument is aiThe sampling time corresponding to the ith sampling point isthe integral value of the grass wave is expressed asConverting it into a percentage form to obtain a percentage actual value:
Where h is the full-screen amplitude of the display screen, and the height of the display screen selected in this embodiment is one byte, that is, h is 255.
and C: comparing the relationship between the standard value range and the actual value, and performing gain adjustment;
the specific method for adjusting the gain comprises the following steps: defining standard value range as [ a, b ], a is less than or equal to b, and actual value is m;
If m is less than a, the gain of the ultrasonic echo signal is increased by 1 dB; if m is larger than b, the gain of the ultrasonic echo signal is reduced by 1 dB;
And repeating the steps B and C after the gain is adjusted until m is more than or equal to a and less than or equal to B.
To the electronic equipment of single channel, directly use above-mentioned method to carry out gain adjustment can, to multichannel equipment, need carry out gain adjustment respectively to each passageway, the automatic gain adjustment method that this application provided calibrates the gain volume through the height of grass-shaped wave, ensures that the impairment echo can by obvious discovery on the display screen to improve convenient degree and degree of accuracy, whole accommodation process does not need artifical the participation in moreover, especially to multichannel electronic equipment, can carry out gain adjustment simultaneously, has reduced amount of labour and error rate.
The embodiment also provides a steel rail flaw detection automatic gain adjusting system, which comprises
An input module: setting a standard value interval of the grass-shaped wave integral;
a processing module: sampling to obtain a waveform diagram of the current grass-shaped wave, and calculating an actual value of the grass-shaped wave waveform through integration;
A control module: comparing the relation between the standard value range and the actual value, and controlling gain adjustment; the specific control method of the control module comprises the following steps: defining standard value range as [ a, b ], a is less than or equal to b, and actual value is m;
If m is less than a, the gain of the ultrasonic echo signal is increased by 1 dB; if m is larger than b, the gain of the ultrasonic echo signal is reduced by 1 dB;
and after the gain is adjusted, the actual value of the integral of the grass-shaped wave is obtained again through the processing module and is transmitted to the control module for judgment until m is more than or equal to a and less than or equal to b.
When the gain adjustment is performed, the control signal needs to be sent to the electronic device, and then the electronic device adjusts the gain of the corresponding channel, and both the signal transmission manner and the technical means for adjusting the gain according to the signal are the prior art in the field, and are not described in detail in this application.
The present embodiment also provides an electronic processing device, including at least one processor and a storage device storing at least one execution program, where when the at least one execution program is executed by the at least one processor, the at least one processor implements the following method:
Step A: setting a standard value range of the grass-shaped wave integral;
And B: sampling to obtain a oscillogram of the current grass-shaped wave, and calculating an actual value through integration;
And C: comparing the relationship between the standard value range and the actual value, and performing gain adjustment;
The specific method for adjusting the gain comprises the following steps: defining standard value range as [ a, b ], a is less than or equal to b, and actual value is m;
if m is less than a, the gain of the ultrasonic echo signal is increased by 1 dB; if m is larger than b, the gain of the ultrasonic echo signal is reduced by 1 dB;
and repeating the steps B and C after the gain is adjusted until m is more than or equal to a and less than or equal to B.
the present embodiments also provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program which, when executed by a processor, is capable of implementing the method of:
Step A: setting a standard value range of the grass-shaped wave integral;
And B: sampling to obtain a oscillogram of the current grass-shaped wave, and calculating an actual value through integration;
And C: comparing the relationship between the standard value range and the actual value, and performing gain adjustment;
The specific method for adjusting the gain comprises the following steps: defining standard value range as [ a, b ], a is less than or equal to b, and actual value is m;
if m is less than a, the gain of the ultrasonic echo signal is increased by 1 dB; if m is larger than b, the gain of the ultrasonic echo signal is reduced by 1 dB;
and repeating the steps B and C after the gain is adjusted until m is more than or equal to a and less than or equal to B.
Claims (10)
1. A rail flaw detection automatic gain adjustment method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
Step A: setting the percentage range of the standard value of the grass-shaped wave integral;
and B: sampling to obtain a oscillogram of the current grass-shaped wave, calculating an actual value through integration, and converting the actual value into a percent actual value;
And C: and comparing the relation between the standard value percentage range and the actual percentage value to perform gain adjustment.
2. The automatic gain adjustment method for rail flaw detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: the percentage range of the standard value of the grass wave integral in the step A is 15-20%.
3. the automatic gain adjustment method for rail flaw detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: the actual value S of the grass-shaped wave in the step B is as follows:
Wherein, aiRepresenting the sampling value of the ith sampling point, wherein N is the number of the sampling points;
Determining a flaw detection area based on the height of the flaw detection range in the steel rail to obtain the upper limit and the lower limit t of the sampling doorxand tyThe number of sampling points is
N＝(ty-tx)fs
Wherein f issIs the sampling frequency;
the first sampling point corresponds to a sampling time of
The actual percentage m of the grass wave is expressed as
Wherein h is the full screen amplitude of the display screen.
4. The automatic gain adjustment method for rail flaw detection according to claim 3, characterized in that: the method for adjusting the gain in the step C comprises the following steps: defining the percentage range of the standard value as [ a, b ], wherein a is less than or equal to b;
If m is less than a, the gain of the ultrasonic echo signal is increased by 1 dB; if m is larger than b, the gain of the ultrasonic echo signal is reduced by 1 dB;
And repeating the steps B and C after the gain is adjusted until m is more than or equal to a and less than or equal to B.
5. A rail flaw detection automatic gain adjustment system is characterized in that: comprises that
an input module: setting a standard value percentage range of the grass-shaped wave integral;
a processing module: sampling to obtain a oscillogram of the current grass-shaped wave, calculating an actual value through integration, and converting the actual value into a percent actual value;
a control module: and comparing the relation between the standard value percentage range and the actual percentage value, and controlling gain adjustment.
6. the automatic gain adjustment system for rail flaw detection according to claim 5, wherein: the standard value range of the grass-shaped wave integral set by the input module is 15% -20%.
7. the automatic gain adjustment system for rail flaw detection according to claim 5, wherein: the actual value S of the wave is as follows:
Wherein, aiRepresenting the sampling value of the ith sampling point, wherein N is the number of the sampling points;
Determining a flaw detection area based on the height of the flaw detection range in the steel rail to obtain the upper limit and the lower limit t of the sampling doorxAnd tyThe number of sampling points is
N＝(ty-tx)fs
wherein f issis the sampling frequency;
the first sampling point corresponds to a sampling time of
the actual percentage m of the grass wave is expressed as
Wherein h is the full screen amplitude of the display screen.
8. the automatic gain adjustment method for rail flaw detection according to claim 7, characterized in that: the method for the control module to adjust the gain comprises the following steps: defining the percentage range of the standard value as [ a, b ], wherein a is less than or equal to b;
if m is less than a, the gain of the ultrasonic echo signal is increased by 1 dB; if m is larger than b, the gain of the ultrasonic echo signal is reduced by 1 dB;
And repeating the steps B and C after the gain is adjusted until m is more than or equal to a and less than or equal to B.
9. an electronic processing device comprising at least one processor and storage means storing at least one executable program, characterized in that: the at least one processor implementing the method of any one of claims 1-4 when the at least one executive is executed by the at least one processor.
10. a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that: the computer program is capable of implementing the method of any one of claims 1-4 when executed by a processor.
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| CN201910805742.4A CN110568067A (en) | 2019-08-29 | 2019-08-29 | Automatic gain adjustment method, system, equipment and storage medium for steel rail flaw detection |
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