CN110567727A - diesel engine output power evaluation method based on vibration acceleration signal - Google Patents
diesel engine output power evaluation method based on vibration acceleration signal Download PDFInfo
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- CN110567727A CN110567727A CN201910742787.1A CN201910742787A CN110567727A CN 110567727 A CN110567727 A CN 110567727A CN 201910742787 A CN201910742787 A CN 201910742787A CN 110567727 A CN110567727 A CN 110567727A
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- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B77/00—Component parts, details or accessories, not otherwise provided for
- F02B77/08—Safety, indicating, or supervising devices
- F02B77/083—Safety, indicating, or supervising devices relating to maintenance, e.g. diagnostic device
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M15/00—Testing of engines
- G01M15/04—Testing internal-combustion engines
- G01M15/12—Testing internal-combustion engines by monitoring vibrations
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
Abstract
the invention discloses a diesel engine output power evaluation method based on vibration acceleration signals, and relates to the technical field of signal processing and test evaluation. Firstly, a vibration acceleration sensor is used for obtaining a vibration acceleration signal of a cylinder body of the diesel engine, then a low-pass filter is used for filtering out high-frequency interference in the acceleration signal, other interference signals are removed by an empirical mode decomposition method, finally a vibration speed signal is obtained through integration and used for reflecting the vibration intensity energy of the diesel engine, and the average of n maximum values before the vibration speed can reflect the in-cylinder combustion working condition, namely the output power level of the diesel engine. The invention has simple operation and convenient use, and can solve the problem of real-time monitoring and evaluation of the output power of the diesel engine.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of signal processing and test evaluation, in particular to a method for real-time monitoring and evaluation of output power in the actual operation process of a diesel engine.
Background
The output power is one of the main working parameters of the diesel engine, which not only reflects the dynamic performance of the diesel engine, but also is an important index of the health state of the diesel engine. At present, the power monitoring of the diesel engine mainly depends on a dynamometer, but the dynamometer cannot be installed because the diesel engine needs to drive a load in the operation process. In addition, the dynamic pressure in the cylinder of the diesel engine can be measured through the in-cylinder pressure sensor, and the output power is further indirectly calculated. However, the cylinder pressure sensor is expensive, inconvenient to use and install and has high requirements on sealing performance and reliability. Once leakage occurs, accidents are easily caused, and thus the method is not widely applied to the field of industrial production. The acceleration signal and the in-cylinder pressure signal have obvious corresponding relation, and the acceleration sensor has the advantages of low price, flexible installation and use and high industrial application degree. The acceleration signal is used for reflecting the output power level of the diesel engine, so that the method has a high practical application value. Under the background, the invention provides a method for evaluating the output power of the diesel engine based on a vibration acceleration signal, and the method can be used for realizing the real-time monitoring and evaluation of the output power in the running process of the diesel engine.
disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a method for evaluating the output power of a diesel engine based on a vibration acceleration signal, which is used for solving the problem of real-time monitoring and evaluation of the power level in the movement process of the diesel engine.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a diesel engine output power evaluation method based on vibration acceleration signals comprises the following steps:
A vibration acceleration sensor is arranged on a cylinder cover of the diesel engine and used for acquiring an original vibration acceleration signal;
Filtering out high-frequency interference signals in the vibration acceleration signals by using a low-pass filter;
removing other interference signals in the acceleration signal by using an Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) method, adding the first m-order components obtained by decomposition, and synthesizing a new interference-free acceleration signal to replace the original acceleration signal;
performing primary integration on the new vibration acceleration signal synthesized in the step (008) to obtain a vibration speed signal;
Calculating the average value of the first n maximum values in the vibration speed signal in a working cycle, and using the average value to represent the power level of the diesel engine at the moment;
The mounting position of the vibration acceleration sensor on the cylinder cover needs to be close to a fastening bolt connected with the cylinder;
The cut-off frequency of the low-pass filter is 4.5KHz, and the low-pass filter is used for filtering interference signals which are not related to combustion excitation and come from the opening and closing of a diesel engine valve and the like;
The value m is determined by a correlation coefficient of a new signal formed after EMD filtering and an original signal, and the minimum positive integer corresponding to the correlation coefficient not less than 0.9 is taken as m;
during the first integration, the zero drift error of the acceleration signal is removed by a least square method;
the n value is determined by the variance of the vibration speed of the diesel engine, and the n is the minimum positive integer corresponding to the minimum variance;
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
Through the combination of the high-frequency filtering and EMD method, the high-frequency interference signals and other interference signals are filtered, and the signal-to-noise ratio of the vibration acceleration signals is effectively improved;
by removing the signal trend curve fitted by the least square method, the zero drift error generated in the primary integration process can be effectively prevented, and the signal accuracy is improved;
according to the diesel engine output power evaluation method based on the vibration acceleration signals, the vibration acceleration signals are processed, and vibration speed signals capable of reflecting energy intensity are synthesized to monitor and evaluate the diesel engine output power. The invention has simple operation and convenient use, and has important application value for diesel engine state monitoring and fault diagnosis.
drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between cylinder vibration acceleration and cylinder pressure
FIG. 3 is a graph of vibration speed versus output power
Detailed Description
the principles and specific processes of the present invention are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
the principle of the invention is as follows: the peak value of the vibration acceleration of the diesel engine cylinder body generally appears near the peak value of the pressure in the cylinder, and has good corresponding relation with the combustion excitation in the cylinder, as shown in figure 2. The vibration intensity (namely the vibration speed) reflecting the energy is calculated by measuring the vibration acceleration, and the level of the output power of the combustion work in the cylinder is indirectly reflected. However, the vibration acceleration signal includes high and low interference signals from valve opening and closing shocks, and it is necessary to filter the signals by filtering means in order to reduce errors.
As shown in fig. 1, a method for evaluating the output power of a diesel engine based on a vibration acceleration signal includes:
acquiring an original vibration acceleration signal through a vibration acceleration sensor arranged on a cylinder cover of the diesel engine;
Removing high-frequency interference signals by using a low-pass filter;
and removing other interference signals by using an EMD (empirical mode decomposition) method. Adding the first m-order components obtained by decomposition to synthesize a new interference-free acceleration signal to replace the original acceleration signal;
performing primary integration on the synthesized new vibration acceleration signal to obtain a vibration speed signal;
Calculating the average value of the first n maximum values in the vibration speed signal in a working cycle, and using the average value to represent the power level of the diesel engine at the moment;
the mounting position of the vibration acceleration sensor on the cylinder cover needs to be close to a fastening bolt connected with the cylinder;
The cut-off frequency of the low-pass filter is 4.5KHz, and the low-pass filter is used for filtering interference signals which are not related to combustion excitation and come from the opening and closing of a diesel engine valve and the like;
the EMD method is to decompose a signal into a set of data sequence sets with steady-state and linear characteristics, namely an Intrinsic (IMF) mode function, according to the characteristics of a nonlinear and non-stationary signal. Calculating that the number of zero points in the required signal is equal to the number of poles or has a difference of 1 at most; for any point on the signal, the mean value of the envelope determined by the local maxima and minima is 0. Adding the first m-order IMFs to form a new vibration acceleration signal, wherein the combustion related excitation characteristics of the signal are more remarkable;
the m value is determined by the correlation coefficient of the new signal formed after EMD filtering and the original signal. x is the number ofiandrespectively representing any of the original signals and its corresponding average value, yiAndrespectively representing any value of the synthesized new signal and its average value, N representing the number of single values contained in the signal, Z representing a positive integer, and the correlation coefficient cov (x)i,yi) The calculation formula is as follows:
m min (m) m ∈ Z and cov (x)i,yi)≥0.9
during the first integration, the zero drift error of the acceleration signal is removed by a least square method;
The n value is determined by the variance of the vibration speed of the diesel engine, and the calculation formula is as follows, wherein delta represents the variance, and v representsiand v represents any vibration velocity value and its average value, Z represents a positive integer;
n ═ min (n) n ∈ Z and δ ═ min (δ)
The average value of the first n maxima in the vibration speed signal over a working cycle is used to characterize the power level of the diesel engine at that time, and a graph of vibration speed versus output power is shown in fig. 3.
Claims (6)
1. A diesel engine output power evaluation method based on vibration acceleration signals is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) a vibration acceleration sensor is arranged on a cylinder cover of the diesel engine and used for acquiring an original vibration acceleration signal;
(2) Filtering out high-frequency interference signals in the vibration acceleration signals by using a low-pass filter;
(3) Removing other interference signals in the acceleration signal by using an Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) method, adding the first m-order components obtained by decomposition, and synthesizing a new interference-free acceleration signal to replace the original acceleration signal;
(4) performing primary integration on the synthesized new vibration acceleration signal to obtain a vibration speed signal;
(5) and calculating the average value of the first n maximum values in the vibration speed signal in one working cycle, and using the average value to represent the power level of the diesel engine at the moment.
2. The diesel engine output power evaluation method based on the vibration acceleration signal as set forth in claim 1, wherein the vibration acceleration sensor is installed near a fastening bolt for connecting the cylinder at the cylinder head.
3. the diesel engine output power evaluation method based on vibration acceleration signal as set forth in claim 1, wherein the cut-off frequency of the low pass filter is 4.5 KHz.
4. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the value of m is determined by correlation coefficient of new signal formed after EMD filtering and original signal, and m is the most positive integer corresponding to the correlation coefficient not less than 0.9.
5. the diesel engine output power evaluation method based on vibration acceleration signals as set forth in claim 1, characterized in that the zero drift error of the acceleration signals is removed by least square method during integration.
6. the method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the n value is determined by variance of vibration speed of the diesel engine, and the minimum positive integer corresponding to the minimum variance is selected.
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