CN110565176A - Temperature-adjustable fabric based on carbon nano tube and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Temperature-adjustable fabric based on carbon nano tube and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110565176A CN110565176A CN201910479850.7A CN201910479850A CN110565176A CN 110565176 A CN110565176 A CN 110565176A CN 201910479850 A CN201910479850 A CN 201910479850A CN 110565176 A CN110565176 A CN 110565176A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/20—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising aluminium or copper
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/34—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyamides
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B33/00—Layered products characterised by particular properties or particular surface features, e.g. particular surface coatings; Layered products designed for particular purposes not covered by another single class
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
- B32B9/04—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/0007—Electro-spinning
- D01D5/0015—Electro-spinning characterised by the initial state of the material
- D01D5/003—Electro-spinning characterised by the initial state of the material the material being a polymer solution or dispersion
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/0007—Electro-spinning
- D01D5/0061—Electro-spinning characterised by the electro-spinning apparatus
- D01D5/0076—Electro-spinning characterised by the electro-spinning apparatus characterised by the collecting device, e.g. drum, wheel, endless belt, plate or grid
- D01D5/0084—Coating by electro-spinning, i.e. the electro-spun fibres are not removed from the collecting device but remain integral with it, e.g. coating of prostheses
Abstract
the invention discloses a temperature-adjustable fabric based on carbon nano tubes and a preparation method thereof. The temperature adjustable fabric comprises: the inner structure layer comprises a carbon nano tube layer and a metal layer covered on the carbon nano tube layer, and the infrared ray emissivity of the metal layer is lower than that of the carbon nano tube layer; and the outer structure layer at least covers the first surface and the second surface of the inner structure layer, the first surface and the second surface are arranged oppositely in the thickness direction of the inner structure layer, and the outer structure layer is provided with a hole structure and can enable infrared rays to penetrate through the hole structure. The preparation method comprises the following steps: depositing a metal layer on the surface of the carbon nano tube film to form an inner structure layer; and, covering the first and second surfaces of the inner structural layer with at least an outer structural layer. The invention does not consume any other energy, utilizes the difference of the infrared emissivity of the inner structure layer in the positive and negative directions, can automatically adjust the temperature according to the change of the environment temperature, and simultaneously realizes the heat preservation or refrigeration effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a temperature-adjustable fabric, in particular to a temperature-adjustable fabric based on carbon nano tubes and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of new nano materials.
Background
In recent years, with the development of textile scientific research technology and the demand of people for higher life quality, the fabric gradually develops towards multifunction and intellectualization. Fabrics have an additional positive role in adapting to physiological needs and environmental changes, a function known as "positive thermal comfort regulation". Nowadays, intelligent temperature-adjustable fabrics have been gradually applied to garment manufacturing, with significant effects on improving thermal comfort and wearability. However, most of intelligent temperature-adjusting fabrics achieve the temperature-adjusting function of the fabrics by means of power-on heating or heat dissipation of a fan, and the fabrics have the defects of energy consumption, inconvenience in wearing and influence on comfort. In recent years, intelligent temperature-regulating fabrics are paid the attention of researchers, and the methods for preparing the temperature-regulating fabrics mainly comprise three methods: thermal radiation regulation (Science,2019, 363(6427):619-623.Nature Communications,2017,8(1):496.), thermal convection regulation (Advanced Materials,2018:1802152.Science,2016,353(6303):1019-1023) and thermal conduction regulation (ACS Nano,2017: acsano.7b06295.). In addition, some existing patents are also of interest to researchers, such as sol-gel methods: a method for preparing temperature-regulating fabric by using sol-gel technology (CN102677471A [ P ]. 2012), a yarn interweaving method: a method for producing moisture absorption, moisture conduction and temperature regulation fabric (CN109112700A [ P ], 2018.). As can be seen from the above documents and patents, the current intelligent temperature-adjusting fabrics still have the following main disadvantages: 1) traditional fabrics such as cotton and linen textiles and the like cannot dynamically match human body infrared radiation based on the human body infrared radiation principle, so that the traditional fabrics can only singly control the thermal comfortable environment of a human body. 2) The traditional fabric is thick in thickness and heavy in weight, and is comfortable when being worn on the human body without intelligent temperature-adjustable fabric. 3) Most of temperature-adjusting fabrics sold in the market at present realize heat preservation or refrigeration in an electric heating or hair drier mode, consume energy and have low efficiency, and only realize the heat preservation or refrigeration function. 4) The temperature-adjustable fabric reported in the literature at present is added with nano particles or a coating on the basis of the traditional fabric, so that the comfort is influenced. 5) If external energy is consumed, the temperature cannot be adjusted automatically, the wearability is poor, and the like, so that the fabric structure needs to be designed to prepare the fabric with excellent temperature adjusting performance and good wearability.
disclosure of Invention
the invention mainly aims to provide a temperature-adjustable fabric based on carbon nanotubes and a preparation method thereof, so as to overcome the defects of the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention comprises the following steps:
The embodiment of the invention provides a temperature-adjustable fabric based on carbon nanotubes, which comprises:
the inner structure layer comprises a carbon nano tube layer and a metal layer covered on the carbon nano tube layer, and the infrared ray emissivity of the metal layer is lower than that of the carbon nano tube layer; and the number of the first and second groups,
The outer structure layer at least covers the first surface and the second surface of the inner structure layer, the first surface and the second surface are arranged back to back in the thickness direction of the inner structure layer, and the outer structure layer is provided with a hole structure and can enable infrared rays to penetrate through the hole structure.
in one embodiment, the material of the metal layer includes copper, silver or gold.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a preparation method of the temperature-adjustable fabric based on the carbon nano tube, which comprises the following steps:
providing a carbon nanotube film;
Depositing a metal layer on the surface of the carbon nano tube film to form an inner structure layer; and the number of the first and second groups,
The first surface and the second surface of the inner structure layer are covered by at least an outer structure layer, the first surface and the second surface are arranged oppositely in the thickness direction of the inner structure layer, and the outer structure layer is provided with a hole structure and can enable infrared rays to penetrate through the hole structure.
the embodiment of the invention also provides a temperature-adjustable fabric temperature-adjusting performance testing system, which comprises:
A heating pad disposed in a sealed environment and configured to simulate human skin;
A first temperature detection device for monitoring at least the temperature of the heating mat;
A second temperature detection device for monitoring at least the temperature of the sealed environment;
During operation of the test system, a temperature adjustable fabric to be tested is placed on the heating mat.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) According to the invention, a carbon nanotube film with higher infrared emissivity and an electron beam vapor plating metal layer with lower infrared emissivity are used as inner layers of the temperature-adjustable fabric, and a material film with higher infrared transmittance and good biocompatibility is prepared on the outer layers by using an electrostatic spinning technology to prepare the temperature-adjustable fabric; the invention does not consume any other energy, can automatically adjust the temperature according to the change of the environment temperature by utilizing the difference of the infrared emissivity of the inner layer material in the positive and negative directions, and can simultaneously realize the heat preservation or refrigeration effect;
2) The temperature-adjustable fabric prepared by the invention has certain flexibility and wear resistance, and due to the existence of the carbon nano tube, the fabric has the mechanical strength similar to that of the traditional fabric, and can meet the normal use requirement;
3) the carbon nanotube film, the metal layer and the electrostatic spinning film in the temperature-adjustable fabric have good composite effect. The adhesive is not used in the preparation process, but the fabric is used, and the layers cannot fall off. Compared with other temperature-adjustable fabrics or traditional fabrics, the temperature-adjustable fabric prepared by the method is thinnest, has the thickness of only 18-25 mu m, has great advantages in weight and thickness, and overcomes the defect of heavy traditional fabrics;
4) The temperature-adjustable fabric structure is plated with the metal layer, but the thickness of the metal layer is only 120-400 nm, so that the temperature-adjustable fabric still keeps good flexibility and light weight, and the wearing comfort of a human body is not influenced;
5) the temperature-adjustable fabric is made of carbon nanotube films, metals (such as copper) and nylon films, has no toxic and dangerous articles, and accords with the concept of green environmental protection;
6) the temperature-adjustable fabric has simple preparation process, can enlarge batch production and realizes commercialization.
Drawings
in order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiment or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on the drawings without creative efforts.
fig. 1 is a flow chart of a method for preparing a temperature-adjustable fabric based on carbon nanotubes according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a temperature-adjustable fabric based on carbon nanotubes according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a temperature-adjustable fabric temperature-adjusting performance testing device based on carbon nanotubes in an exemplary embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is a side view of a temperature-adjustable fabric temperature-adjusting performance testing apparatus based on carbon nanotubes in an exemplary embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5 is a test chart of the warm-keeping and refrigerating performance of the temperature-adjustable fabric based on the carbon nanotubes in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a test chart of the warm-keeping and refrigerating performance of the temperature-adjustable fabric based on the carbon nanotubes in embodiment 2 of the present invention.
fig. 7 is a test chart of the warm-keeping and refrigerating performance of the temperature-adjustable fabric based on the carbon nanotubes in embodiment 3 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
as described above, in view of the defects of the prior art, the inventors of the present invention have made extensive studies and practices to provide a technical solution of the present invention, which mainly relates to a method for preparing a temperature-adjustable fabric based on carbon nanotubes, wherein a carbon nanotube film with a high ir-emissivity and an electron beam vapor-deposited metal layer with a low ir-emissivity are used as inner structure layers of the temperature-adjustable fabric, and an electrostatic spinning technology is used for preparing a material film with a high ir transmittance and good biocompatibility on an outer layer. The technical solution, its implementation and principles, etc. will be further explained as follows.
As one aspect of the technical solution of the present invention, it relates to a temperature adjustable fabric based on carbon nanotubes, comprising:
The inner structure layer comprises a carbon nano tube layer and a metal layer covered on the carbon nano tube layer, and the infrared ray emissivity of the metal layer is lower than that of the carbon nano tube layer; and the number of the first and second groups,
the outer structure layer at least covers the first surface and the second surface of the inner structure layer, the first surface and the second surface are arranged back to back in the thickness direction of the inner structure layer, and the outer structure layer is provided with a hole structure and can enable infrared rays to penetrate through the hole structure.
in the present invention, the carbon nanotubes are not substitutable as the inner layer material of the temperature-adjustable fabric. The carbon nano tube is a one-dimensional nano material formed by curling single-layer or multi-layer graphite flakes, has a unique structure and a plurality of excellent physical properties, such as light weight, excellent mechanical property, good structural flexibility, chemical stability and high temperature resistance, and particularly has the important point that the infrared emissivity of the carbon nano tube is higher than that of other materials. Therefore, the light weight, flexibility and high infrared emissivity of the carbon nano tube determine that the carbon nano tube is expected to be an ideal material for the inner layer of the intelligent temperature-adjustable fabric. If other materials with higher infrared emissivity are selected as the inner layer of the temperature-adjustable fabric, the flexibility and the structural stability of the temperature-adjustable fabric are certainly inferior to those of the carbon nano tube film.
in one embodiment, the metal layer in the inner structure layer of the temperature-adjustable fabric is made of a metal with low infrared emissivity, such as a copper (Cu) metal layer, or may be replaced by another metal with low infrared emissivity, such as silver (Ag) and gold (Au), and the other metal is plated on the surface of the carbon nanotube by using an electron beam evaporation method.
Furthermore, the thickness of the metal layer is only 120-400 nm, the temperature-adjustable fabric still keeps good flexibility and light weight, and the wearing comfort of a human body is not affected. The metal layer must not be too thick, which would affect fabric wearability.
Further, the metal layer is formed by depositing metal on the surface of the carbon nano tube layer.
Further, the thickness of the carbon nanotube layer is 10-12 μm.
In the invention, the temperature adjusting mechanism of the temperature-adjustable fabric is the difference of the infrared emissivity of the front surface and the back surface of the inner structural layer, so that the inner structural layer can be made of materials with larger difference of the infrared emissivity. When the difference of the infrared emissivity of the two layers is larger, the heat preservation or refrigeration effect of the temperature-adjustable fabric is more obvious, so that the difference of the infrared emissivity of the inner structural layer is a key point for realizing the temperature adjustment of the temperature-adjustable fabric.
In one embodiment, the outer structural layer of the present invention is made of a biocompatible material, preferably an electrospun nylon (PA6) fiber membrane, and other materials with high infrared transmittance and good biocompatibility can be selected.
Further, the thickness of the outer structure layer is 4-6 μm.
Further, the outer structure layer is directly compounded with the carbon nanotube layer and/or the metal layer.
further, the outer structure layer comprises an electrostatic spinning fiber film directly formed on the surface of the carbon nanotube layer or the metal layer.
furthermore, the transmittance of the outer structure layer to infrared light is more than 90%.
Further, the outer structure layer comprises a nylon fiber membrane formed by interweaving nylon fibers, and the nylon fiber membrane has a porous structure.
Further, the nylon fiber membrane has a cross structure formed by disordered fibers arranged transversely and vertically and has a porous structure. The material has good biocompatibility, can almost completely transmit infrared light, is white for visible light, does not influence the infrared radiation mechanism of the inner layer material, and is the best choice as the outer layer material.
Because the nylon fiber membrane prepared by electrostatic spinning has the characteristic that the inner structure layer of the temperature-adjustable fabric plays a role in infrared regulation, the electrostatic spinning nylon fiber membrane (PA6) is also irreplaceable.
Further, the thickness of the temperature-adjustable fabric based on the carbon nano tubes is below 25 mu m. Compared with other temperature-adjustable fabrics or traditional fabrics, the temperature-adjustable fabric prepared by the method is thinnest, the thickness is only 18-25 mu m, great advantages are achieved in weight and thickness, and the defect that the traditional fabric is thick and heavy is overcome.
In conclusion, the thickness of each layer in the temperature-adjustable fabric structure can be freely adjusted and controlled, different infrared emission characteristics can be obtained due to different thicknesses of the carbon nanotube film and the electron beam evaporation metal layer, no other energy is consumed, the temperature can be automatically adjusted according to changes of ambient temperature by utilizing the difference of the infrared emission rates of the inner layer material in the positive direction and the negative direction, and the heat preservation or refrigeration effect can be simultaneously realized.
as another aspect of the technical solution of the present invention, it relates to a method for preparing the temperature-adjustable fabric based on carbon nanotubes, which comprises:
Providing a carbon nanotube film;
depositing a metal layer on the surface of the carbon nano tube film to form an inner structure layer; and the number of the first and second groups,
The first surface and the second surface of the inner structure layer are covered by at least an outer structure layer, the first surface and the second surface are arranged oppositely in the thickness direction of the inner structure layer, and the outer structure layer is provided with a hole structure and can enable infrared rays to penetrate through the hole structure.
In one embodiment, the method of preparation comprises: depositing a metal layer on the surface of the carbon nano tube film by adopting an electron beam evaporation technology, wherein the evaporation deposition speed isthe deposition time is 300-800 s.
further, in the present invention, it is required to respectively perform electrostatic spinning on the nylon fiber film on the carbon nanotube film and the electron beam evaporated metal layer, and the obtained fabric structure is shown in fig. 2. The thickness of each layer in the structure can be freely regulated and controlled, and different infrared emission characteristics can be obtained due to different thicknesses of the carbon nanotube film and the electron beam evaporation metal layer, so that different heat preservation or refrigeration effects can be realized.
In one embodiment, the preparation method comprises the following steps: and forming an electrostatic spinning fiber film on the surface of the carbon nanotube layer or the metal layer by adopting an electrostatic spinning technology to prepare the outer structure layer.
Further, the preparation method comprises the following steps:
Providing a nylon formic acid solution;
and (3) taking the nylon formic acid solution as electrostatic spinning solution, and respectively forming electrostatic spinning nylon fiber membranes on the surfaces of the carbon nano tube film and the metal layer by adopting an electrostatic spinning technology to prepare the outer structure layer.
Furthermore, the diameter of a spinning needle adopted by the electrostatic spinning technology is 0.7-0.8 mm, the positive electrostatic spinning voltage is 13-15 kV, the negative electrostatic spinning voltage is-2-0 kV, the scanning starting point is 100-110 mm, the scanning stroke is 120-150 mm, the electrostatic spinning distance is 12-15 cm, the electrostatic spinning time is 5-7 h, the ambient temperature of electrostatic spinning is 17-25 ℃, and the ambient humidity is 45-60%.
Further, the electrostatic spinning solution is a 22% nylon formic acid solution, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: 22g of nylon (PA6) solid particles were weighed, mixed with 78g of formic acid at room temperature, and stirred for 1 hour on a magnetic stirring heating table at 50 ℃ to fully dissolve the nylon particles in the formic acid. After cooling, a 22 percent nylon formic acid solution is prepared.
As another aspect of the technical solution of the present invention, a temperature-adjustable fabric temperature-adjusting performance testing system is provided, which includes:
a heating pad disposed in a sealed environment and configured to simulate human skin;
A first temperature detection device for monitoring at least the temperature of the heating mat;
a second temperature detection device for monitoring at least the temperature of the sealed environment;
During operation of the test system, a temperature adjustable fabric to be tested is placed on the heating mat.
Furthermore, the temperature-adjustable fabric temperature-adjusting performance testing system further comprises a heat-insulating substrate, and the heating pad is arranged on the heat-insulating substrate.
Further, the temperature-adjustable fabric temperature-adjusting performance testing system also comprises a sample clamp, wherein the sample clamp is used for fixing the temperature-adjustable fabric to be tested on the heating pad.
Further, the sealed environment is formed by enclosing a glass cover and a heat insulating material.
Further, the temperature-adjustable fabric is the temperature-adjustable fabric based on the carbon nano tubes.
Further, the first temperature detection device and the second temperature detection device comprise thermocouples.
the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, the temperature-adjustable fabric based on carbon nanotubes in this embodiment is prepared by the following steps:
1) Carbon nanotube film: a carbon nanotube film prepared by a floating catalyst chemical deposition (CVD) method was used and had a thickness of 10 μm (Jiedi nanotechnology, Suzhou).
2) Electron beam steamingCopper plating: copper is plated on the carbon nanotube film by using a vacuum electron beam coating machine (Chengdu modern south optical vacuum equipment, Inc.), and the copper plating deposition speed is set asThe deposition time is 400s, and finally, a 180nm copper layer is plated on the carbon nano tube film.
3) Preparing a 22% nylon formic acid solution: 22g of nylon (PA6) solid particles were weighed, mixed with 78g of formic acid at room temperature, and stirred for 1 hour on a magnetic stirring heating table at 50 ℃ to fully dissolve the nylon particles in the formic acid. After cooling, a 22 percent nylon formic acid solution is prepared.
4) Electrostatic spinning of nylon fiber membrane: firstly, a copper-plated carbon nanotube film is flatly laid on a collecting plate, then a prepared nylon formic acid solution is extracted into a spinning needle tube, and electrostatic spinning is carried out by adopting a 22G needle head (the diameter of the needle head is 0.7 mm). Setting the positive voltage of electrostatic spinning at 15kV, the negative voltage at-2 kV, the scanning starting point at 110mm, the scanning stroke at 150mm, the distance between the spinning nozzle and the receiving plate at 15cm, and the spinning time at 5 h. The ambient temperature during electrostatic spinning was 17 ℃ and the ambient humidity was 50%.
5) And after the electrostatic spinning is finished, turning over the copper-plated carbon nanotube film, and performing electrostatic spinning on the nylon fiber film on the other surface, wherein the thickness of the nylon fiber film is 4 micrometers. The spinning parameters were the same as in step 4). After the electrostatic spinning is finished, the temperature-adjustable fabric based on the carbon nano tube is prepared, and the structure of the temperature-adjustable fabric is shown in figure 2.
Fig. 3 and 4 show schematic diagrams of the temperature adjustment performance testing apparatus for temperature-adjustable fabric, which first uses a glass cover and a heat insulating material to make a closed environment, maintains a constant humidity, and places a heat insulating foam under the closed environment to ensure no heat exchange with the external environment. A heating pad simulating human skin is placed above the heat insulation foam, the heating pad is a heating pad with an infrared radiation curve similar to that of the human skin, and the heating temperature of the heating pad is constant within the range of the normal body temperature of a human body. The fabric sample is covered on the heating pad, the thermocouple probe is clamped between the heating pad and the fabric sample, and the thermocouple testing temperature is the temperature of the simulated human skin heating pad.
The temperature adjusting effect of the temperature-adjustable fabric can be proved by comparing the temperature displayed by the thermocouple under the conditions of no fabric covering, traditional fabric covering and temperature-adjustable fabric covering through tests. If the measured temperature is lower than that of the conventional fabric, the temperature-adjustable fabric achieves a cooling effect, and if the measured temperature is higher than that of the conventional fabric, the temperature-adjustable fabric achieves a warming effect, which can be seen from fig. 5.
example 2
Referring to fig. 1, the temperature-adjustable fabric based on carbon nanotubes in this embodiment is prepared by the following steps:
1) Carbon nanotube film: a carbon nanotube film prepared by a floating catalyst chemical deposition (CVD) method was used, and the thickness was 11 μm (Jiedi nanotechnology, Suzhou).
2) electron beam copper evaporation: copper is plated on the carbon nanotube film by using a vacuum electron beam coating machine (Chengdu modern south optical vacuum equipment, Inc.), and the copper plating deposition speed is set asThe deposition time is 300s, and finally, a 120nm copper layer is plated on the carbon nanotube film.
3) Preparing a 22% nylon formic acid solution: 22g of nylon (PA6) solid particles were weighed, mixed with 78g of formic acid at room temperature, and stirred for 1 hour on a magnetic stirring heating table at 50 ℃ to fully dissolve the nylon particles in the formic acid. After cooling, a 22 percent nylon formic acid solution is prepared.
4) Electrostatic spinning of nylon fiber membrane: firstly, a copper-plated carbon nanotube film is flatly laid on a collecting plate, then a prepared nylon formic acid solution is extracted into a spinning needle tube, and electrostatic spinning is carried out by adopting a 21G needle head (the diameter of the needle head is 0.8 mm). The positive voltage of electrostatic spinning is set to be 13kV, the negative voltage is set to be 0kV, the scanning starting point is 100mm, the scanning stroke is 120mm, the distance between a spinning nozzle and a receiving plate is 13cm, and the spinning time is 6 h. The ambient temperature during electrostatic spinning was 20 ℃ and the ambient humidity was 45%.
5) And after the electrostatic spinning is finished, turning over the copper-plated carbon nanotube film, and performing electrostatic spinning on the nylon fiber film on the other surface, wherein the thickness of the nylon fiber film is 5 micrometers. The spinning parameters were the same as in step 4). After the electrostatic spinning is finished, the temperature-adjustable fabric based on the carbon nano tube is prepared, and the structure of the temperature-adjustable fabric is shown in figure 2.
fig. 3 and 4 show schematic diagrams of the temperature adjustment performance testing apparatus for temperature-adjustable fabric, which first uses a glass cover and a heat insulating material to make a closed environment, maintains a constant humidity, and places a heat insulating foam under the closed environment to ensure no heat exchange with the external environment. A heating pad simulating human skin is placed above the heat insulation foam, the heating pad is a heating pad with an infrared radiation curve similar to that of the human skin, and the heating temperature of the heating pad is constant within the range of the normal body temperature of a human body. The fabric sample is covered on the heating pad, the thermocouple probe is clamped between the heating pad and the fabric sample, and the thermocouple testing temperature is the temperature of the simulated human skin heating pad.
The temperature adjusting effect of the temperature-adjustable fabric can be proved by comparing the temperature displayed by the thermocouple under the conditions of no fabric covering, traditional fabric covering and temperature-adjustable fabric covering through tests. If the measured temperature is lower than that of the traditional fabric, the temperature-adjustable fabric achieves a refrigerating effect, and if the measured temperature is higher than that of the traditional fabric, the temperature-adjustable fabric achieves a warming effect, and the method can be seen in fig. 6.
Example 3
Referring to fig. 1, the temperature-adjustable fabric based on carbon nanotubes in this embodiment is prepared by the following steps:
1) carbon nanotube film: a carbon nanotube film prepared by a floating catalyst chemical deposition (CVD) method was used, and the thickness was 12 μm (Jiedi nanotechnology, Suzhou).
2) Electron beam copper evaporation: copper is plated on the carbon nanotube film by using a vacuum electron beam coating machine (Chengdu modern south optical vacuum equipment, Inc.), and the copper plating deposition speed is set asThe deposition time is 800s, and finally, a 400nm copper layer is plated on the carbon nano tube film.
3) preparing a 22% nylon formic acid solution: 22g of nylon (PA6) solid particles were weighed, mixed with 78g of formic acid at room temperature, and stirred for 1 hour on a magnetic stirring heating table at 50 ℃ to fully dissolve the nylon particles in the formic acid. After cooling, a 22 percent nylon formic acid solution is prepared.
4) Electrostatic spinning of nylon fiber membrane: firstly, a copper-plated carbon nanotube film is flatly laid on a collecting plate, then a prepared nylon formic acid solution is extracted into a spinning needle tube, and electrostatic spinning is carried out by adopting a 21G needle head (the diameter of the needle head is 0.8 mm). Setting the positive voltage of electrostatic spinning to be 14kV, the negative voltage to be-1 kV, the scanning starting point to be 105mm, the scanning stroke to be 130mm, the distance between the spinning nozzle and the receiving plate to be 12cm, and the spinning time to be 7 h. The ambient temperature during electrostatic spinning was 25 ℃ and the ambient humidity was 60%.
5) And after the electrostatic spinning is finished, turning over the copper-plated carbon nanotube film, and performing electrostatic spinning on the nylon fiber film on the other surface, wherein the thickness of the nylon fiber film is 6 microns. The spinning parameters were the same as in step 4). After the electrostatic spinning is finished, the temperature-adjustable fabric based on the carbon nano tube is prepared, and the structure of the temperature-adjustable fabric is shown in figure 2.
Fig. 3 and 4 show schematic diagrams of the temperature adjustment performance testing apparatus for temperature-adjustable fabric, which first uses a glass cover and a heat insulating material to make a closed environment, maintains a constant humidity, and places a heat insulating foam under the closed environment to ensure no heat exchange with the external environment. A heating pad simulating human skin is placed above the heat insulation foam, the heating pad is a heating pad with an infrared radiation curve similar to that of the human skin, and the heating temperature of the heating pad is constant within the range of the normal body temperature of a human body. The fabric sample is covered on the heating pad, the thermocouple probe is clamped between the heating pad and the fabric sample, and the thermocouple testing temperature is the temperature of the simulated human skin heating pad.
The temperature adjusting effect of the temperature-adjustable fabric can be proved by comparing the temperature displayed by the thermocouple under the conditions of no fabric covering, traditional fabric covering and temperature-adjustable fabric covering through tests. If the measured temperature is lower than that of the traditional fabric, the temperature-adjustable fabric achieves a refrigerating effect, and if the measured temperature is higher than that of the traditional fabric, the temperature-adjustable fabric achieves a warming effect, and the method can be seen in fig. 7.
In summary, according to the technical scheme of the invention, the carbon nanotube film with higher infrared emissivity and the electron beam vapor plating metal layer with lower infrared emissivity are used as the inner layer of the temperature-adjustable fabric, and the material film with higher infrared transmittance and good biocompatibility is prepared on the outer layer by using the electrostatic spinning technology to prepare the temperature-adjustable fabric; the invention does not consume any other energy, utilizes the difference of the infrared emissivity of the inner layer material in the positive and negative directions, can automatically adjust the temperature according to the change of the environment temperature, and can simultaneously realize the heat preservation or refrigeration effect.
It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
It should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical concepts and features of the present invention, which are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement the present invention, and therefore, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby. All equivalent changes and modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. A temperature-adjustable fabric based on carbon nanotubes is characterized by comprising:
the inner structure layer comprises a carbon nano tube layer and a metal layer covered on the carbon nano tube layer, and the infrared ray emissivity of the metal layer is lower than that of the carbon nano tube layer; and the number of the first and second groups,
The outer structure layer at least covers the first surface and the second surface of the inner structure layer, the first surface and the second surface are arranged back to back in the thickness direction of the inner structure layer, and the outer structure layer is provided with a hole structure and can enable infrared rays to penetrate through the hole structure.
2. The carbon nanotube-based temperature tunable fabric of claim 1, wherein: the metal layer is made of copper, silver or gold; and/or the thickness of the metal layer is 120-400 nm; and/or the metal layer is formed by depositing metal on the surface of the carbon nano tube layer.
3. The carbon nanotube-based temperature tunable fabric of claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the carbon nanotube layer is 10-12 μm.
4. The carbon nanotube-based temperature tunable fabric of claim 1, wherein: the outer structural layer is made of a biocompatible material; and/or the thickness of the outer structure layer is 4-6 μm; and/or the outer structure layer is directly compounded with the carbon nano tube layer and/or the metal layer; preferably, the outer structure layer comprises an electrostatic spinning fiber film directly formed on the surface of the carbon nanotube layer or the metal layer; and/or the transmittance of the outer structural layer to infrared rays is more than 90%.
5. The carbon nanotube-based temperature tunable fabric of claim 4, wherein: the outer structure layer comprises a nylon fiber membrane formed by interweaving nylon fibers, and the nylon fiber membrane has a porous structure.
6. The carbon nanotube-based temperature tunable fabric of claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the temperature-adjustable fabric based on the carbon nano tube is less than 25 micrometers, and preferably 18-25 micrometers.
7. The method for preparing the carbon nanotube-based temperature-adjustable fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising:
Providing a carbon nanotube film;
depositing a metal layer on the surface of the carbon nano tube film to form an inner structure layer; and the number of the first and second groups,
The first surface and the second surface of the inner structure layer are covered by at least an outer structure layer, the first surface and the second surface are arranged oppositely in the thickness direction of the inner structure layer, and the outer structure layer is provided with a hole structure and can enable infrared rays to penetrate through the hole structure.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein: depositing a metal layer on the surface of the carbon nano tube film by adopting an electron beam evaporation technology, wherein the evaporation deposition speed isThe deposition time is 300-800 s.
9. The production method according to claim 7, characterized by comprising: and forming an electrostatic spinning fiber film on the surface of the carbon nanotube layer or the metal layer by adopting an electrostatic spinning technology to prepare the outer structure layer.
10. the method according to claim 9, characterized by comprising:
Providing a nylon formic acid solution;
And (3) taking the nylon formic acid solution as electrostatic spinning solution, and respectively forming electrostatic spinning nylon fiber membranes on the surfaces of the carbon nano tube film and the metal layer by adopting an electrostatic spinning technology to prepare the outer structure layer.
11. the method of manufacturing according to claim 10, wherein: the diameter of a spinning needle adopted by the electrostatic spinning technology is 0.7-0.8 mm, the positive electrostatic spinning voltage is 13-15 kV, the negative electrostatic spinning voltage is-2-0 kV, the scanning starting point is 100-110 mm, the scanning stroke is 120-150 mm, the electrostatic spinning distance is 12-15 cm, the electrostatic spinning time is 5-7 h, the electrostatic spinning environment temperature is 17-25 ℃, and the environment humidity is 45-60%.
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