CN110565029A - Production process of S31254 super austenitic stainless steel - Google Patents
Production process of S31254 super austenitic stainless steel Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/78—Combined heat-treatments not provided for above
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/005—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing rare earths, i.e. Sc, Y, Lanthanides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/50—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with titanium or zirconium
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Abstract
the invention discloses a production process of S31254 super austenitic stainless steel, which comprises the following steps: A. putting raw materials into a crucible, vacuumizing the crucible, and heating to 1550-1570 ℃ for melting; B. injecting nitrogen into the molten raw materials, and stirring and smelting; C. increasing the nitrogen content in the crucible to keep the air pressure at 0.07-0.08 MPa, and reducing the temperature of the raw materials to 1430-1490 ℃ for casting; D. cooling and forming the cast raw materials, reducing the temperature to 850-900 ℃, and forging, wherein the forging ratio is 4.3-4.8; E. and heating the raw material steel ingot to 1100-1150 ℃, preserving the temperature for 30min, and then reducing the temperature to room temperature at a speed of less than 70 ℃/min. The invention can improve the defects of the prior art and improve the nitrogen content of the super austenitic stainless steel in a nitrogen injection mode.
Description
Technical Field
the invention relates to the technical field of metallurgy, in particular to a production process of S31254 super austenitic stainless steel.
Background
The super austenitic stainless steel has the characteristics of corrosion resistance and excellent cold and hot processing performance, and is widely applied to the production and processing of various products. The toughness and yield strength of the super austenitic stainless steel can be further improved by increasing the nitrogen content of the super austenitic stainless steel. However, how to increase the nitrogen content by a low-cost nitrogen injection method on the basis of keeping the original crystal structure is always a technical problem in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a production process of S31254 super austenitic stainless steel, which can solve the defects of the prior art and improve the nitrogen content of the super austenitic stainless steel in a nitrogen injection mode.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows.
A production process of S31254 super austenitic stainless steel comprises the following steps:
A. Putting raw materials into a crucible, vacuumizing the crucible, heating to 1550-1570 ℃ for melting, wherein the raw materials comprise,
Less than or equal to 0.05 wt% of carbon, less than or equal to 1.00 wt% of manganese, 17.0-18.1 wt% of nickel, less than or equal to 0.2 wt% of silicon, less than or equal to 0.03 wt% of phosphorus, less than or equal to 0.01 wt% of sulfur, 20.0-21.0 wt% of chromium, 0.2-0.7 wt% of copper, 6.0-6.5 wt% of molybdenum, 0.05-0.1 wt% of zirconium, 0.02-0.05 wt% of tungsten and the balance of iron;
B. injecting nitrogen into the molten raw materials, stirring and smelting, wherein the injection amount of the nitrogen is 0.3-0.5 m3h, the pressure in the crucible is maintained at 100Pa toContinuously keeping for 20-30 min;
C. Increasing the nitrogen content in the crucible to keep the air pressure at 0.07-0.08 MPa, and reducing the temperature of the raw materials to 1430-1490 ℃ for casting;
D. Cooling and forming the cast raw materials, reducing the temperature to 850-900 ℃, and forging, wherein the forging ratio is 4.3-4.8;
E. and heating the raw material steel ingot to 1100-1150 ℃, preserving the temperature for 30min, and then reducing the temperature to room temperature at a speed of less than 70 ℃/min.
Preferably, in the step A, the raw material further comprises 0.01-0.02 wt% of cerium.
preferably, in the step B, nitrogen is injected in a mode of simultaneously injecting nitrogen at the top and the bottom, and the injection amount of the nitrogen at the top is 30-50% of that at the bottom.
preferably, in the step D, the forging pressure is 600 to 650 MPa.
Preferably, in step E, the temperature is reduced at a rate of 65 ℃/min when the temperature is reduced to 500 ℃, the temperature is stopped, the temperature is kept for 10min, and then the temperature is reduced to room temperature at a rate of 30 ℃/min.
adopt the beneficial effect that above-mentioned technical scheme brought to lie in: according to the invention, the forging processing with high forging ratio is realized by improving the raw material ratio and increasing the nitrogen injection amount, and the toughness and yield strength of the super austenitic stainless steel are effectively improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a microcrystalline structure of a super austenitic stainless steel according to example 1.
FIG. 2 is a microcrystalline structure of a super austenitic stainless steel according to example 2.
FIG. 3 is a microcrystalline structure of a super austenitic stainless steel according to example 3.
FIG. 4 is a microcrystalline structure of a super austenitic stainless steel of example 4.
FIG. 5 is a microcrystalline structure of a superaustenitic stainless steel of the comparative example.
Detailed Description
Example 1
a production process of S31254 super austenitic stainless steel comprises the following steps:
A. Putting raw materials into a crucible, vacuumizing the crucible, heating to 1550 ℃ for melting, wherein the raw materials comprise,
Less than or equal to 0.05 wt% of carbon, less than or equal to 1.00 wt% of manganese, 17.3 wt% of nickel, less than or equal to 0.2 wt% of silicon, less than or equal to 0.03 wt% of phosphorus, less than or equal to 0.01 wt% of sulfur, 20.8 wt% of chromium, 0.2 wt% of copper, 6.0 wt% of molybdenum, 0.07 wt% of zirconium, 0.02 wt% of tungsten and the balance of iron;
B. injecting nitrogen into the molten raw materials, stirring and melting, wherein the injection amount of nitrogen is 0.35m3h, keeping the air pressure in the crucible within 100Pa for 30 min; injecting nitrogen by simultaneously injecting nitrogen at the top and the bottom, wherein the injection amount of the nitrogen at the top is 40% of that at the bottom;
C. Increasing the nitrogen content in the crucible to keep the air pressure at 0.07MPa, reducing the temperature of the raw materials to 1440 ℃ and casting;
D. Cooling and forming the cast raw materials, reducing the temperature to 850 ℃, and forging with the forging ratio of 4.4;
E. Heating the raw material steel ingot to 1120 ℃, preserving heat for 30min, and then reducing the temperature to room temperature at a speed of less than 70 ℃/min.
In this example, the nitrogen gas was injected simultaneously from above and below, thereby reducing the time required for the nitrogen gas to diffuse unevenly in the molten raw material and reducing the degree of crystal structure deformation caused by the injection of nitrogen gas in example 2
A production process of S31254 super austenitic stainless steel comprises the following steps:
A. Putting raw materials into a crucible, vacuumizing the crucible, heating to 1555 ℃ for melting, wherein the raw materials comprise,
less than or equal to 0.05 wt% of carbon, less than or equal to 1.00 wt% of manganese, 18.0 wt% of nickel, less than or equal to 0.2 wt% of silicon, less than or equal to 0.03 wt% of phosphorus, less than or equal to 0.01 wt% of sulfur, 20.5 wt% of chromium, 0.25 wt% of copper, 6.5 wt% of molybdenum, 0.07 wt% of zirconium, 0.04 wt% of tungsten, 0.02 wt% of cerium and the balance of iron;
B. injecting nitrogen into the molten raw materials, stirring and melting, wherein the injection amount of nitrogen is 0.3m3H, keeping the air pressure in the crucible within 100Pa,Lasting for 30 min; injecting nitrogen by simultaneously injecting nitrogen at the top and the bottom, wherein the injection amount of the nitrogen at the top is 40% of that at the bottom;
C. Increasing the nitrogen content in the crucible to keep the air pressure at 0.08MPa, reducing the temperature of the raw materials to 1465 ℃, and casting;
D. Cooling and forming the cast raw materials, reducing the temperature to 855 ℃, and forging with the forging ratio of 4.6;
E. heating the raw material steel ingot to 1145 ℃, and reducing the temperature to room temperature at a speed of less than 70 ℃/min after heat preservation for 30 min.
in this example, the toughness of the super austenitic stainless steel was further improved by adding rare earth elements.
example 3
a production process of S31254 super austenitic stainless steel comprises the following steps:
A. putting raw materials into a crucible, vacuumizing the crucible, heating to 1550 ℃ for melting, wherein the raw materials comprise,
Less than or equal to 0.05 wt% of carbon, less than or equal to 1.00 wt% of manganese, 17.5 wt% of nickel, less than or equal to 0.2 wt% of silicon, less than or equal to 0.03 wt% of phosphorus, less than or equal to 0.01 wt% of sulfur, 21.0 wt% of chromium, 0.2 wt% of copper, 6.0 wt% of molybdenum, 0.05 wt% of zirconium, 0.02 wt% of tungsten, 0.02 wt% of cerium and the balance of iron;
B. injecting nitrogen into the molten raw materials, stirring and melting, wherein the injection amount of nitrogen is 0.3m3The pressure in the crucible is kept within 100Pa for 25 min; injecting nitrogen by simultaneously injecting nitrogen at the top and the bottom, wherein the injection amount of the nitrogen at the top is 40% of that at the bottom;
C. Increasing the nitrogen content in the crucible to keep the air pressure at 0.08MPa, reducing the temperature of the raw materials to 1430 ℃ and casting;
D. Cooling and forming the cast raw materials, reducing the temperature to 850 ℃, and forging with the forging ratio of 4.7; the forging pressure is 600 MPa;
E. heating the raw material steel ingot to 1100 ℃, preserving heat for 30min, and then reducing the temperature to room temperature at a speed of less than 70 ℃/min.
In the embodiment, the problem of loose structure in the ingot can be effectively reduced under the condition of avoiding more fiber tissues by adopting lower forging pressure and higher forging ratio.
example 4
A production process of S31254 super austenitic stainless steel comprises the following steps:
A. putting raw materials into a crucible, vacuumizing the crucible, heating to 1570 ℃ for melting, wherein the raw materials comprise,
less than or equal to 0.05 wt% of carbon, less than or equal to 1.00 wt% of manganese, 18.1 wt% of nickel, less than or equal to 0.2 wt% of silicon, less than or equal to 0.03 wt% of phosphorus, less than or equal to 0.01 wt% of sulfur, 20.0 wt% of chromium, 0.7 wt% of copper, 6.5 wt% of molybdenum, 0.1 wt% of zirconium, 0.05 wt% of tungsten, 0.02 wt% of cerium and the balance of iron;
B. Injecting nitrogen into the molten raw materials, stirring and melting, wherein the injection amount of nitrogen is 0.5m3H, keeping the air pressure in the crucible within 100Pa for 30 min; injecting nitrogen by simultaneously injecting nitrogen at the top and the bottom, wherein the injection amount of the nitrogen at the top is 40% of that at the bottom;
C. Increasing the nitrogen content in the crucible to keep the air pressure at 0.08MPa, reducing the temperature of the raw materials to 1490 ℃, and casting;
D. cooling and forming the cast raw materials, reducing the temperature to 900 ℃, and forging, wherein the forging ratio is 4.8; the forging pressure is 600 MPa;
E. heating the raw material steel ingot, heating to 1150 ℃, preserving heat for 30min, then beginning to cool, cooling at the speed of 65 ℃/min, stopping cooling when the temperature is reduced to 500 ℃, continuing to preserve heat for 10min, and then reducing to room temperature at the speed of 30 ℃/min.
In this embodiment, when annealing to the steel ingot, through the processing of cascaded variable speed cooling, can effectively reduce the difference of the inside temperature variation of steel ingot, improve annealing effect.
Comparative example
s31254 super austenitic stainless steel, which was purchased from Shanghai round tripod metallic materials, Inc., was used as a comparative example.
The following table shows the experimental data for the tests of the examples of the invention and the comparative examples.
Yield strength (MPa) | impact toughness (MPa) | |
example 1 | 523 | 165 |
Example 2 | 545 | 179 |
example 3 | 579 | 170 |
Example 4 | 611 | 195 |
Comparative example | 486 | 163 |
Referring to fig. 1-5, it can be seen from the grain structure comparison in the figures and the experimental data comparison in the above table that the present invention can effectively optimize the micro-grain structure of the super austenitic stainless steel and improve the yield strength and impact toughness.
in the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of description of the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles and broad features of the present invention and advantages thereof. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (5)
1. A production process of S31254 super austenitic stainless steel is characterized by comprising the following steps:
A. Putting raw materials into a crucible, vacuumizing the crucible, heating to 1550-1570 ℃ for melting, wherein the raw materials comprise,
less than or equal to 0.05 wt% of carbon, less than or equal to 1.00 wt% of manganese, 17.0-18.1 wt% of nickel, less than or equal to 0.2 wt% of silicon, less than or equal to 0.03 wt% of phosphorus, less than or equal to 0.01 wt% of sulfur, 20.0-21.0 wt% of chromium, 0.2-0.7 wt% of copper, 6.0-6.5 wt% of molybdenum, 0.05-0.1 wt% of zirconium, 0.02-0.05 wt% of tungsten and the balance of iron;
B. Injecting nitrogen into the molten raw materials, stirring and smelting, wherein the injection amount of the nitrogen is 0.3-0.5 m3Keeping the air pressure in the crucible within 100Pa for 20-30 min;
C. Increasing the nitrogen content in the crucible to keep the air pressure at 0.07-0.08 MPa, and reducing the temperature of the raw materials to 1430-1490 ℃ for casting;
D. Cooling and forming the cast raw materials, reducing the temperature to 850-900 ℃, and forging, wherein the forging ratio is 4.3-4.8;
E. and heating the raw material steel ingot to 1100-1150 ℃, preserving the temperature for 30min, and then reducing the temperature to room temperature at a speed of less than 70 ℃/min.
2. The process for producing S31254 super austenitic stainless steel according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step A, the raw material also comprises 0.01-0.02 wt% of cerium.
3. The process for producing S31254 super austenitic stainless steel according to claim 2, characterized in that: and in the step B, nitrogen is injected by simultaneously injecting nitrogen into the top and the bottom, wherein the injection amount of the nitrogen at the top is 30-50% of that at the bottom.
4. a process of producing S31254 super austenitic stainless steel according to claim 3, characterized in that: in the step D, the forging pressure is 600-650 MPa.
5. The process for producing S31254 super austenitic stainless steel according to claim 4, wherein: and E, cooling at the speed of 65 ℃/min when the cooling is started, stopping cooling when the temperature is reduced to 500 ℃, keeping the temperature for 10min, and then reducing to the room temperature at the speed of 30 ℃/min.
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Cited By (2)
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CN111349762A (en) * | 2020-04-28 | 2020-06-30 | 安徽省安工机械制造有限公司 | Heat treatment method of wear-resistant alloy casting |
CN113736971A (en) * | 2021-09-09 | 2021-12-03 | 中航上大高温合金材料股份有限公司 | Homogenization treatment process of S31254 super austenitic stainless steel |
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN111349762A (en) * | 2020-04-28 | 2020-06-30 | 安徽省安工机械制造有限公司 | Heat treatment method of wear-resistant alloy casting |
CN113736971A (en) * | 2021-09-09 | 2021-12-03 | 中航上大高温合金材料股份有限公司 | Homogenization treatment process of S31254 super austenitic stainless steel |
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