CN110556582A - Lithium iron phosphate battery, electrolyte and preparation method of lithium iron phosphate battery - Google Patents
Lithium iron phosphate battery, electrolyte and preparation method of lithium iron phosphate battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN110556582A CN110556582A CN201910870281.9A CN201910870281A CN110556582A CN 110556582 A CN110556582 A CN 110556582A CN 201910870281 A CN201910870281 A CN 201910870281A CN 110556582 A CN110556582 A CN 110556582A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0568—Liquid materials characterised by the solutes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/4235—Safety or regulating additives or arrangements in electrodes, separators or electrolyte
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0025—Organic electrolyte
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The invention discloses a lithium iron phosphate battery, an electrolyte and a preparation method of the lithium iron phosphate battery, and belongs to the technical field of lithium batteries. The invention adopts the low-temperature electrolyte containing the ethylene carbonate, the ethyl methyl carbonate, the dimethyl carbonate, the propylene carbonate, the lithium hexafluorophosphate, the propane sultone, the vinylene carbonate and the lithium difluoroborate as the electrolyte of the lithium iron phosphate battery, improves the positive pole piece and the negative pole piece of the lithium iron phosphate battery to reduce the internal impedance of the lithium iron phosphate battery, so that the lithium iron phosphate battery can normally discharge at the temperature of minus 40 +/-3 ℃, has higher discharge efficiency in the low-temperature environment, prolongs the service life of the lithium iron phosphate battery and plays a role in energy conservation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of lithium batteries, in particular to a lithium iron phosphate battery, electrolyte and a preparation method of the lithium iron phosphate battery.
Background
A lithium iron phosphate battery is a lithium ion battery taking lithium iron phosphate as a positive electrode material.
at present, the traditional lithium iron phosphate battery can only be used at normal temperature. Under the low-temperature condition, electrolyte in the traditional lithium iron phosphate battery is easy to freeze in the battery, the battery cannot normally discharge at minus 10-20 ℃, generally, the discharge efficiency can only reach 60-70%, so that the attenuation of the battery is accelerated, and chemical crystal blocks growing in the battery are easy to cause the problems of instant short circuit, explosion, ignition and the like of the battery in charging and discharging.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a lithium iron phosphate battery, an electrolyte and a preparation method of the lithium iron phosphate battery, so as to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions:
an electrolyte comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 24-35.4% of ethylene carbonate, 20-35% of ethyl methyl carbonate, 15-25% of dimethyl carbonate, 3-7% of propylene carbonate, 10-18% of lithium hexafluorophosphate, 0.5-2% of propane sultone, 1-3% of vinylene carbonate and 0.1-1% of lithium difluoro oxalate borate, wherein the sum of the mass fractions of the components is 100%.
According to a preferable scheme adopted by the embodiment of the invention, the electrolyte comprises the following components in parts by mass: 27.6 to 33.4 percent of ethylene carbonate, 25 to 30 percent of ethyl methyl carbonate, 18 to 22 percent of dimethyl carbonate, 4 to 6 percent of propylene carbonate, 12 to 15 percent of lithium hexafluorophosphate, 0.8 to 1.2 percent of propane sultone, 1.5 to 2.5 percent of vinylene carbonate and 0.3 to 0.7 percent of lithium difluoro oxalato borate, wherein the sum of the mass fractions of the components is 100 percent.
According to another preferable scheme adopted by the embodiment of the invention, the electrolyte comprises the following components in parts by mass: 29% of ethylene carbonate, 28.4% of ethyl methyl carbonate, 20% of dimethyl carbonate, 5.6% of propylene carbonate, 13.5% of lithium hexafluorophosphate, 1% of propane sultone, 2% of vinylene carbonate and 0.5% of lithium difluorooxalato borate.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a lithium iron phosphate battery containing the electrolyte.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a preparation method of the lithium iron phosphate battery, which comprises the following steps:
Weighing the components of ethylene carbonate, ethyl methyl carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, propylene carbonate, lithium hexafluorophosphate, propane sultone, vinylene carbonate and lithium difluoro oxalato borate according to the mass fractions of the components, and mixing the components together to obtain an electrolyte for later use;
Weighing the following components in parts by weight: 40-60 parts of lithium iron phosphate, 0.5-4 parts of polyvinylidene fluoride, 0.5-4 parts of a conductive agent and 40-60 parts of N-methylpyrrolidone for later use; sequentially adding the polyvinylidene fluoride, the conductive agent and the lithium iron phosphate into the N-methyl pyrrolidone, and stirring to obtain anode slurry for later use;
Weighing the following components in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of graphite, 0.1-1 part of carboxymethyl cellulose, 0.1-1 part of a conductive agent, 0.5-3 parts of styrene butadiene rubber and 15-45 parts of deionized water for later use; sequentially adding the carboxymethyl cellulose, the conductive agent, the graphite and the styrene butadiene rubber into the deionized water, and stirring to obtain negative electrode slurry for later use;
Coating the anode slurry on an aluminum foil, and sequentially performing rolling, die cutting and baking treatment to obtain an anode plate;
Coating the negative electrode slurry on copper foil, and sequentially performing rolling, die cutting and baking treatment to obtain a negative electrode sheet;
Stacking the positive plate, the negative plate and the diaphragm into a battery cell, and sequentially carrying out hot pressing, shaping and baking treatment on the battery cell;
And injecting the electrolyte into the baked battery core, and then sequentially carrying out formation, aging and sealing treatment to obtain the lithium iron phosphate battery.
According to another preferable scheme adopted by the embodiment of the invention, in the step, the following components are weighed according to parts by weight: 45-55 parts of lithium iron phosphate, 1-3 parts of polyvinylidene fluoride, 1-2 parts of a conductive agent and 42-50 parts of N-methylpyrrolidone for later use; and sequentially adding the polyvinylidene fluoride, the conductive agent and the lithium iron phosphate into the N-methylpyrrolidone, and stirring to obtain the anode slurry.
According to another preferable scheme adopted by the embodiment of the invention, in the step, the following components are weighed according to parts by weight: 24-28 parts of graphite, 0.4-0.6 part of carboxymethyl cellulose, 0.3-0.5 part of a conductive agent, 1-2 parts of styrene butadiene rubber and 40-45 parts of deionized water for later use; and sequentially adding the carboxymethyl cellulose, the conductive agent, the graphite and the styrene butadiene rubber into the deionized water, and stirring to obtain the cathode slurry.
According to another preferable scheme adopted by the embodiment of the invention, in the step, the coating weight of each surface of the aluminum foil is 130-140 g/m 2.
According to another preferable scheme adopted by the embodiment of the invention, in the step, the coating weight per unit area of each surface of the copper foil is 60-65 g/m 2.
According to another preferable scheme adopted by the embodiment of the invention, in the step, the temperature of the battery cell baking treatment is 80-90 ℃.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that:
According to the embodiment of the invention, the low-temperature electrolyte containing the vinyl carbonate, the ethyl methyl carbonate, the dimethyl carbonate, the propylene carbonate, the lithium hexafluorophosphate, the propane sultone, the vinylene carbonate and the lithium difluoroborate is adopted as the electrolyte of the lithium iron phosphate battery, and the positive plate and the negative plate of the lithium iron phosphate battery are improved to reduce the internal impedance of the lithium iron phosphate battery, so that the lithium iron phosphate battery can normally discharge at the temperature of minus 40 +/-3 ℃, the discharge efficiency of the lithium iron phosphate battery in the low-temperature environment is higher, the service life of the lithium iron phosphate battery can be prolonged, and the energy-saving effect can be achieved.
Drawings
fig. 1 is a discharge curve diagram of the lithium iron phosphate battery prepared in example 5 in a normal temperature environment.
Fig. 2 is a discharge curve diagram of the lithium iron phosphate battery prepared in example 5 at-40 ℃.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
the embodiment provides an electrolyte, a lithium iron phosphate battery containing the electrolyte and a preparation method of the lithium iron phosphate battery, and particularly the preparation method of the lithium iron phosphate battery comprises the following steps:
(1) Weighing the following components in parts by mass: 35.4% of ethylene carbonate, 35% of ethyl methyl carbonate, 15% of dimethyl carbonate, 3% of propylene carbonate, 10% of lithium hexafluorophosphate, 0.5% of propane sultone, 1% of vinylene carbonate and 0.1% of lithium difluorooxalato borate; the weighed components are mixed uniformly to obtain the electrolyte for later use.
(2) Firstly weighing 60kg of lithium iron phosphate, 0.5kg of polyvinylidene fluoride, 0.5kg of conductive agent and 60kg of N-methyl pyrrolidone for later use; it should be noted that the lithium iron phosphate needs to be baked at a temperature of 180 ℃ for 4 hours before being weighed, the polyvinylidene fluoride needs to be baked at a temperature of 105 ℃ for 3 hours before being weighed, and the conductive agent needs to be baked at a temperature of 120 ℃ for 4 hours before being weighed, wherein the conductive agent comprises 0.4kg of conductive carbon black and 0.1kg of conductive graphite powder, the conductive carbon black is Super P carbon black sold in the market, and the conductive graphite powder is KS-6 graphite powder sold in the market; and then, sequentially adding the polyvinylidene fluoride, the conductive agent and the lithium iron phosphate into the N-methylpyrrolidone, and stirring to obtain positive electrode slurry for later use.
(3) Firstly weighing 30kg of graphite, 0.1kg of carboxymethyl cellulose, 0.1kg of conductive agent, 0.5kg of styrene butadiene rubber and 45kg of deionized water for later use; the conductive agent comprises 0.05kg of conductive carbon black and 0.05kg of conductive graphite powder, wherein the conductive carbon black is Super P carbon black sold in the market, and the conductive graphite powder is KS-6 graphite powder sold in the market; and then, sequentially adding the carboxymethyl cellulose, the conductive agent, the graphite and the styrene butadiene rubber into the deionized water, and stirring to obtain negative electrode slurry for later use.
(4) Coating the positive electrode slurry on an aluminum foil, and sequentially performing rolling, die cutting and baking treatment to obtain a positive electrode plate, wherein the specification size of the aluminum foil is 390 multiplied by 0.020 +/-0.001 mm, the weight of a unit area is 54 +/-2.0 g/m 2, two sides of the aluminum foil are coated with the positive electrode slurry, the coating weight of the unit area of each side of the aluminum foil is 130g/m 2, the baking treatment temperature is 95 ℃, the time is 12h, the baking vacuum degree is 0.086MPa, specifically, when the baking is started, when the temperature reaches 100 ℃, timing is started, 1 nitrogen gas is replaced every 30min, 2 times of continuous air replacement are performed, then 1 time of air replacement is performed every 2h until the baking is finished, and the weight of a single positive electrode plate is controlled to be 6.2-6.4 g.
(5) Coating the negative electrode slurry on a copper foil, and sequentially performing rolling, die cutting and baking treatment to obtain a negative electrode sheet, wherein the specification size of the copper foil is 400 multiplied by 0.012 +/-0.001 mm, the weight of a unit area is 95g/m 2, two sides of the copper foil are coated with the negative electrode slurry, the coating weight of the unit area of each side of the copper foil is 60g/m 2, the baking treatment temperature is 95 ℃, the time is 12 hours, the baking vacuum degree is 0.086MPa, specifically, when the baking is started, timing is started after the temperature reaches 100 ℃, nitrogen is changed for 1 time every 30 minutes, continuous air exchange is performed for 2 times, then air exchange is performed for 1 time every 2 hours until the baking is finished, and the weight of a single negative electrode sheet is controlled to be 4.7-4.9 g.
(6) Stacking the positive plate, the negative plate and the diaphragm into a battery cell, and sequentially carrying out hot pressing, shaping and baking treatment on the battery cell; the diaphragm can be a non-woven fabric diaphragm sold in the market at present, the specification of the diaphragm is 330 multiplied by 27mm (needing to be folded), the number of positive plates of a single battery cell is 97, the number of negative plates is 98, and the thickness is controlled to be 31-33.5 mm; the temperature of the cell hot-pressing treatment is 60 ℃, the pressure is 2MPa, and the time is 20 s; the temperature of the battery core baking treatment is 80 ℃, the time is 24 hours, the baking vacuum degree is 0.086MPa, specifically, when the baking is started, after the temperature reaches 85 ℃, timing is started, nitrogen is exchanged for 1 time every 30min, the air exchange is continuously carried out for 2 times, and then the air exchange is carried out for 1 time every 2 hours until the baking is finished.
(7) Injecting 360g of the electrolyte into the baked battery cell, and then sequentially carrying out formation, aging and sealing treatment to obtain the lithium iron phosphate battery; after liquid injection, the liquid injection hole needs to be sealed firmly by using an adhesive tape, and the electrolyte on the surface of the battery is wiped clean; the technological parameters of the formation treatment can adopt the prior art, a clamp is required to be used for firmly clamping the battery core in the process, and the surface of the battery is required to be wiped clean in time after the formation; the temperature of the aging treatment is 25 ℃, and the time is 48 h.
Example 2
The embodiment provides an electrolyte, a lithium iron phosphate battery containing the electrolyte and a preparation method of the lithium iron phosphate battery, and particularly the preparation method of the lithium iron phosphate battery comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the following components in parts by mass: 24% of ethylene carbonate, 20% of ethyl methyl carbonate, 25% of dimethyl carbonate, 7% of propylene carbonate, 18% of lithium hexafluorophosphate, 2% of propane sultone, 3% of vinylene carbonate and 1% of lithium difluorooxalato borate; the weighed components are mixed uniformly to obtain the electrolyte for later use.
(2) Firstly weighing 40kg of lithium iron phosphate, 4kg of polyvinylidene fluoride, 4kg of conductive agent and 40kg of N-methyl pyrrolidone for later use; it should be noted that the lithium iron phosphate needs to be baked at a temperature of 180 ℃ for 4 hours before being weighed, the polyvinylidene fluoride needs to be baked at a temperature of 105 ℃ for 3 hours before being weighed, and the conductive agent needs to be baked at a temperature of 120 ℃ for 4 hours before being weighed, wherein the conductive agent comprises 3kg of conductive carbon black and 1kg of conductive graphite powder, the conductive carbon black is super P carbon black sold in the existing market, and the conductive graphite powder is KS-6 graphite powder sold in the existing market; and then, sequentially adding the polyvinylidene fluoride, the conductive agent and the lithium iron phosphate into the N-methylpyrrolidone, and stirring to obtain positive electrode slurry for later use.
(3) Firstly weighing 20kg of graphite, 1kg of carboxymethyl cellulose, 1kg of conductive agent, 3kg of styrene butadiene rubber and 15kg of deionized water for later use; the conductive agent comprises 0.5kg of conductive carbon black and 0.5kg of conductive graphite powder, wherein the conductive carbon black is Super P carbon black sold in the market, and the conductive graphite powder is KS-6 graphite powder sold in the market; and then, sequentially adding the carboxymethyl cellulose, the conductive agent, the graphite and the styrene butadiene rubber into the deionized water, and stirring to obtain negative electrode slurry for later use.
(4) Coating the positive electrode slurry on an aluminum foil, and sequentially performing rolling, die cutting and baking treatment to obtain a positive electrode plate, wherein the specification size of the aluminum foil is 390 multiplied by 0.020 +/-0.001 mm, the weight of a unit area is 54 +/-2.0 g/m 2, two sides of the aluminum foil are coated with the positive electrode slurry, the coating weight of the unit area of each side of the aluminum foil is 140g/m 2, the baking treatment temperature is 105 ℃, the time is 12h, the baking vacuum degree is 0.086MPa, specifically, when the baking is started, when the temperature reaches 100 ℃, timing is started, 1 nitrogen gas is replaced every 30min, 2 times of continuous air replacement are performed, then 1 time of air replacement is performed every 2h until the baking is finished, and the weight of a single positive electrode plate is controlled to be 6.2-6.4 g.
(5) coating the negative electrode slurry on a copper foil, and sequentially performing rolling, die cutting and baking treatment to obtain a negative electrode sheet, wherein the specification size of the copper foil is 400 multiplied by 0.012 +/-0.001 mm, the weight of a unit area is 106g/m 2, two sides of the copper foil are coated with the negative electrode slurry, the coating weight of the unit area of each side of the copper foil is 65g/m 2, the baking treatment temperature is 105 ℃, the time is 12 hours, the baking vacuum degree is 0.086MPa, specifically, when the baking is started, timing is started after the temperature reaches 100 ℃, nitrogen is changed for 1 time every 30 minutes, continuous air exchange is performed for 2 times, then air exchange is performed for 1 time every 2 hours until the baking is finished, and the weight of a single negative electrode sheet is controlled to be 4.7-4.9 g.
(6) Stacking the positive plate, the negative plate and the diaphragm into a battery cell, and sequentially carrying out hot pressing, shaping and baking treatment on the battery cell; the diaphragm can be a non-woven fabric diaphragm sold in the market at present, the specification of the diaphragm is 330 multiplied by 27mm (needing to be folded), the number of positive plates of a single battery cell is 97, the number of negative plates is 98, and the thickness is controlled to be 31-33.5 mm; the temperature of the cell hot-pressing treatment is 60 ℃, the pressure is 2MPa, and the time is 20 s; the temperature of the battery core baking treatment is 90 ℃, the time is 24 hours, the baking vacuum degree is 0.086MPa, specifically, when the baking is started, after the temperature reaches 85 ℃, timing is started, nitrogen is exchanged for 1 time every 30min, the air exchange is continuously carried out for 2 times, and then the air exchange is carried out for 1 time every 2 hours until the baking is finished.
(7) injecting 370g of the electrolyte into the baked battery cell, and then sequentially carrying out formation, aging and sealing treatment to obtain the lithium iron phosphate battery; after liquid injection, the liquid injection hole needs to be sealed firmly by using an adhesive tape, and the electrolyte on the surface of the battery is wiped clean; the technological parameters of the formation treatment can adopt the prior art, a clamp is required to be used for firmly clamping the battery core in the process, and the surface of the battery is required to be wiped clean in time after the formation; the temperature of the aging treatment is 25 ℃, and the time is 48 h.
Example 3
The embodiment provides an electrolyte, a lithium iron phosphate battery containing the electrolyte and a preparation method of the lithium iron phosphate battery, and particularly the preparation method of the lithium iron phosphate battery comprises the following steps:
(1) Weighing the following components in parts by mass: 33.4% of ethylene carbonate, 30% of ethyl methyl carbonate, 18% of dimethyl carbonate, 4% of propylene carbonate, 12% of lithium hexafluorophosphate, 0.8% of propane sultone, 1.5% of vinylene carbonate and 0.3% of lithium difluorooxalato borate; the weighed components are mixed uniformly to obtain the electrolyte for later use.
(2) firstly weighing 55kg of lithium iron phosphate, 1kg of polyvinylidene fluoride, 1kg of conductive agent and 50kg of N-methyl pyrrolidone for later use; it should be noted that the lithium iron phosphate needs to be baked at a temperature of 180 ℃ for 4 hours before being weighed, the polyvinylidene fluoride needs to be baked at a temperature of 105 ℃ for 3 hours before being weighed, and the conductive agent needs to be baked at a temperature of 120 ℃ for 4 hours before being weighed, wherein the conductive agent comprises 0.7kg of conductive carbon black and 0.3kg of conductive graphite powder, the conductive carbon black is Super P carbon black sold in the market, and the conductive graphite powder is KS-6 graphite powder sold in the market; and then, sequentially adding the polyvinylidene fluoride, the conductive agent and the lithium iron phosphate into the N-methylpyrrolidone, and stirring to obtain positive electrode slurry for later use.
(3) Firstly weighing 28kg of graphite, 0.4kg of carboxymethyl cellulose, 0.3kg of conductive agent, 1kg of styrene butadiene rubber and 40kg of deionized water for later use; the conductive agent comprises 0.2kg of conductive carbon black and 0.1kg of conductive graphite powder, wherein the conductive carbon black is Super P carbon black sold in the market, and the conductive graphite powder is KS-6 graphite powder sold in the market; and then, sequentially adding the carboxymethyl cellulose, the conductive agent, the graphite and the styrene butadiene rubber into the deionized water, and stirring to obtain negative electrode slurry for later use.
(4) coating the positive electrode slurry on an aluminum foil, and sequentially performing rolling, die cutting and baking treatment to obtain a positive electrode plate, wherein the specification size of the aluminum foil is 390 multiplied by 0.020 +/-0.001 mm, the weight of a unit area is 54 +/-2.0 g/m 2, two sides of the aluminum foil are coated with the positive electrode slurry, the coating weight of the unit area of each side of the aluminum foil is 135g/m 2, the baking treatment temperature is 100 ℃, the time is 12h, the baking vacuum degree is 0.086MPa, specifically, when the baking is started, when the temperature reaches 100 ℃, timing is started, 1 nitrogen gas is replaced every 30min, 2 times of continuous air replacement are performed, then 1 time of air replacement is performed every 2h until the baking is finished, and the weight of a single positive electrode plate is controlled to be 6.2-6.4 g.
(5) Coating the negative electrode slurry on a copper foil, and sequentially performing rolling, die cutting and baking treatment to obtain a negative electrode sheet, wherein the specification size of the copper foil is 400 multiplied by 0.012 +/-0.001 mm, the weight of a unit area is 100g/m 2, two sides of the copper foil are coated with the negative electrode slurry, the coating weight of the unit area of each side of the copper foil is 62g/m 2, the baking treatment temperature is 100 ℃, the time is 12 hours, the baking vacuum degree is 0.086MPa, specifically, when the baking is started, timing is started after the temperature reaches 100 ℃, nitrogen is changed for 1 time every 30 minutes, continuous air exchange is performed for 2 times, then air exchange is performed for 1 time every 2 hours until the baking is finished, and the weight of a single negative electrode sheet is controlled to be 4.7-4.9 g.
(6) Stacking the positive plate, the negative plate and the diaphragm into a battery cell, and sequentially carrying out hot pressing, shaping and baking treatment on the battery cell; the diaphragm can be a non-woven fabric diaphragm sold in the market at present, the specification of the diaphragm is 330 multiplied by 27mm (needing to be folded), the number of positive plates of a single battery cell is 97, the number of negative plates is 98, and the thickness is controlled to be 31-33.5 mm; the temperature of the cell hot-pressing treatment is 60 ℃, the pressure is 2MPa, and the time is 20 s; the temperature of the battery core baking treatment is 85 ℃, the time is 24 hours, the baking vacuum degree is 0.086MPa, specifically, when the baking is started, after the temperature reaches 85 ℃, timing is started, nitrogen is exchanged for 1 time every 30min, the air exchange is continuously carried out for 2 times, and then the air exchange is carried out for 1 time every 2 hours until the baking is finished.
(7) Injecting 365g of the electrolyte into the baked battery cell, and then sequentially carrying out formation, aging and sealing treatment to obtain the lithium iron phosphate battery; after liquid injection, the liquid injection hole needs to be sealed firmly by using an adhesive tape, and the electrolyte on the surface of the battery is wiped clean; the technological parameters of the formation treatment can adopt the prior art, a clamp is required to be used for firmly clamping the battery core in the process, and the surface of the battery is required to be wiped clean in time after the formation; the temperature of the aging treatment is 25 ℃, and the time is 48 h.
example 4
The embodiment provides an electrolyte, a lithium iron phosphate battery containing the electrolyte and a preparation method of the lithium iron phosphate battery, and particularly the preparation method of the lithium iron phosphate battery comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the following components in parts by mass: 27.6% of ethylene carbonate, 25% of ethyl methyl carbonate, 22% of dimethyl carbonate, 6% of propylene carbonate, 15% of lithium hexafluorophosphate, 1.2% of propane sultone, 2.5% of vinylene carbonate and 0.7% of lithium difluorooxalato borate; the weighed components are mixed uniformly to obtain the electrolyte for later use.
(2) Firstly weighing 45kg of lithium iron phosphate, 3kg of polyvinylidene fluoride, 2kg of conductive agent and 42kg of N-methyl pyrrolidone for later use; it should be noted that the lithium iron phosphate needs to be baked at a temperature of 180 ℃ for 4 hours before being weighed, the polyvinylidene fluoride needs to be baked at a temperature of 105 ℃ for 3 hours before being weighed, and the conductive agent needs to be baked at a temperature of 120 ℃ for 4 hours before being weighed, wherein the conductive agent comprises 1.5kg of conductive carbon black and 0.5kg of conductive graphite powder, the conductive carbon black is Super P carbon black sold in the market, and the conductive graphite powder is KS-6 graphite powder sold in the market; and then, sequentially adding the polyvinylidene fluoride, the conductive agent and the lithium iron phosphate into the N-methylpyrrolidone, and stirring to obtain positive electrode slurry for later use.
(3) Firstly weighing 24kg of graphite, 0.6kg of carboxymethyl cellulose, 0.5kg of conductive agent, 2kg of styrene butadiene rubber and 40kg of deionized water for later use; the conductive agent comprises 0.3kg of conductive carbon black and 0.2kg of conductive graphite powder, wherein the conductive carbon black is Super P carbon black sold in the market, and the conductive graphite powder is KS-6 graphite powder sold in the market; and then, sequentially adding the carboxymethyl cellulose, the conductive agent, the graphite and the styrene butadiene rubber into the deionized water, and stirring to obtain negative electrode slurry for later use.
(4) Coating the positive electrode slurry on an aluminum foil, and sequentially performing rolling, die cutting and baking treatment to obtain a positive electrode plate, wherein the specification size of the aluminum foil is 390 multiplied by 0.020 +/-0.001 mm, the weight of a unit area is 54 +/-2.0 g/m 2, two sides of the aluminum foil are coated with the positive electrode slurry, the coating weight of the unit area of each side of the aluminum foil is 135g/m 2, the baking treatment temperature is 100 ℃, the time is 12h, the baking vacuum degree is 0.086MPa, specifically, when the baking is started, when the temperature reaches 100 ℃, timing is started, 1 nitrogen gas is replaced every 30min, 2 times of continuous air replacement are performed, then 1 time of air replacement is performed every 2h until the baking is finished, and the weight of a single positive electrode plate is controlled to be 6.2-6.4 g.
(5) coating the negative electrode slurry on a copper foil, and sequentially performing rolling, die cutting and baking treatment to obtain a negative electrode sheet, wherein the specification size of the copper foil is 400 multiplied by 0.012 +/-0.001 mm, the weight of a unit area is 100g/m 2, two sides of the copper foil are coated with the negative electrode slurry, the coating weight of the unit area of each side of the copper foil is 62g/m 2, the baking treatment temperature is 100 ℃, the time is 12 hours, the baking vacuum degree is 0.086MPa, specifically, when the baking is started, timing is started after the temperature reaches 100 ℃, nitrogen is changed for 1 time every 30 minutes, continuous air exchange is performed for 2 times, then air exchange is performed for 1 time every 2 hours until the baking is finished, and the weight of a single negative electrode sheet is controlled to be 4.7-4.9 g.
(6) Stacking the positive plate, the negative plate and the diaphragm into a battery cell, and sequentially carrying out hot pressing, shaping and baking treatment on the battery cell; the diaphragm can be a non-woven fabric diaphragm sold in the market at present, the specification of the diaphragm is 330 multiplied by 27mm (needing to be folded), the number of positive plates of a single battery cell is 97, the number of negative plates is 98, and the thickness is controlled to be 31-33.5 mm; the temperature of the cell hot-pressing treatment is 60 ℃, the pressure is 2MPa, and the time is 20 s; the temperature of the battery core baking treatment is 85 ℃, the time is 24 hours, the baking vacuum degree is 0.086MPa, specifically, when the baking is started, after the temperature reaches 85 ℃, timing is started, nitrogen is exchanged for 1 time every 30min, the air exchange is continuously carried out for 2 times, and then the air exchange is carried out for 1 time every 2 hours until the baking is finished.
(7) Injecting 365g of the electrolyte into the baked battery cell, and then sequentially carrying out formation, aging and sealing treatment to obtain the lithium iron phosphate battery; after liquid injection, the liquid injection hole needs to be sealed firmly by using an adhesive tape, and the electrolyte on the surface of the battery is wiped clean; the technological parameters of the formation treatment can adopt the prior art, a clamp is required to be used for firmly clamping the battery core in the process, and the surface of the battery is required to be wiped clean in time after the formation; the temperature of the aging treatment is 25 ℃, and the time is 48 h.
Example 5
The embodiment provides an electrolyte, a lithium iron phosphate battery containing the electrolyte and a preparation method of the lithium iron phosphate battery, and particularly the preparation method of the lithium iron phosphate battery comprises the following steps:
(1) Weighing the following components in parts by mass: 29% of ethylene carbonate, 28.4% of ethyl methyl carbonate, 20% of dimethyl carbonate, 5.6% of propylene carbonate, 13.5% of lithium hexafluorophosphate, 1% of propane sultone, 2% of vinylene carbonate and 0.5% of lithium difluorooxalato borate; the weighed components are mixed uniformly to obtain the electrolyte for later use.
(2) Firstly weighing 52.3kg of lithium iron phosphate, 2.25kg of polyvinylidene fluoride, 1.8kg of conductive agent and 44kg of N-methyl pyrrolidone for later use; it should be noted that the lithium iron phosphate needs to be baked at a temperature of 180 ℃ for 4 hours before being weighed, the polyvinylidene fluoride needs to be baked at a temperature of 105 ℃ for 3 hours before being weighed, and the conductive agent needs to be baked at a temperature of 120 ℃ for 4 hours before being weighed, wherein the conductive agent comprises 1.4kg of conductive carbon black and 0.4kg of conductive graphite powder, the conductive carbon black is Super P carbon black sold in the market, and the conductive graphite powder is KS-6 graphite powder sold in the market; then, sequentially adding the polyvinylidene fluoride, the conductive agent and the lithium iron phosphate into the N-methyl pyrrolidone, and stirring to obtain anode slurry for later use; it should be noted that the positive electrode slurry obtained in this step can be used for the production of 100 lithium iron phosphate batteries.
(3) firstly weighing 26.1kg of graphite, 0.5kg of carboxymethyl cellulose, 0.42kg of conductive agent, 1.4kg of styrene butadiene rubber and 42.7kg of deionized water for later use; the conductive agent comprises 0.14kg of conductive carbon black and 0.28kg of conductive graphite powder, wherein the conductive carbon black is Super P carbon black sold in the market, and the conductive graphite powder is KS-6 graphite powder sold in the market; then, sequentially adding the carboxymethyl cellulose, the conductive agent, the graphite and the styrene butadiene rubber into the deionized water, and stirring to obtain negative electrode slurry for later use; it should be noted that the negative electrode slurry obtained in this step can be used for the production of 100 lithium iron phosphate batteries.
(4) coating the positive electrode slurry on an aluminum foil, and sequentially performing rolling, die cutting and baking treatment to obtain a positive electrode plate, wherein the specification size of the aluminum foil is 390 multiplied by 0.020 +/-0.001 mm, the weight of a unit area is 54 +/-2.0 g/m 2, two sides of the aluminum foil are coated with the positive electrode slurry, the coating weight of the unit area of each side of the aluminum foil is 135g/m 2, the baking treatment temperature is 100 ℃, the time is 12h, the baking vacuum degree is 0.086MPa, specifically, when the baking is started, when the temperature reaches 100 ℃, timing is started, 1 nitrogen gas is replaced every 30min, 2 times of continuous air replacement are performed, then 1 time of air replacement is performed every 2h until the baking is finished, and the weight of a single positive electrode plate is controlled to be 6.2-6.4 g.
(5) coating the negative electrode slurry on a copper foil, and sequentially performing rolling, die cutting and baking treatment to obtain a negative electrode sheet, wherein the specification size of the copper foil is 400 multiplied by 0.012 +/-0.001 mm, the weight of a unit area is 100g/m 2, two sides of the copper foil are coated with the negative electrode slurry, the coating weight of the unit area of each side of the copper foil is 62g/m 2, the baking treatment temperature is 100 ℃, the time is 12 hours, the baking vacuum degree is 0.086MPa, specifically, when the baking is started, timing is started after the temperature reaches 100 ℃, nitrogen is changed for 1 time every 30 minutes, continuous air exchange is performed for 2 times, then air exchange is performed for 1 time every 2 hours until the baking is finished, and the weight of a single negative electrode sheet is controlled to be 4.7-4.9 g.
(6) Stacking the positive plate, the negative plate and the diaphragm into a battery cell, and sequentially carrying out hot pressing, shaping and baking treatment on the battery cell; the diaphragm can be a non-woven fabric diaphragm sold in the market at present, the specification of the diaphragm is 330 multiplied by 27mm (needing to be folded), the number of positive plates of a single battery cell is 97, the number of negative plates is 98, and the thickness is controlled to be 31-33.5 mm; the temperature of the cell hot-pressing treatment is 60 ℃, the pressure is 2MPa, and the time is 20 s; the temperature of the battery core baking treatment is 85 ℃, the time is 24 hours, the baking vacuum degree is 0.086MPa, specifically, when the baking is started, after the temperature reaches 85 ℃, timing is started, nitrogen is exchanged for 1 time every 30min, the air exchange is continuously carried out for 2 times, and then the air exchange is carried out for 1 time every 2 hours until the baking is finished.
(7) Injecting 365g of the electrolyte into the baked battery cell, and then sequentially carrying out formation, aging and sealing treatment to obtain the lithium iron phosphate battery; after liquid injection, the liquid injection hole needs to be sealed firmly by using an adhesive tape, and the electrolyte on the surface of the battery is wiped clean; the technological parameters of the formation treatment can adopt the prior art, a clamp is required to be used for firmly clamping the battery core in the process, and the surface of the battery is required to be wiped clean in time after the formation; the temperature of the aging treatment is 25 ℃, and the time is 48 h.
The electrolyte obtained in the above example 5 was subjected to various index tests according to the industrial standards, and the test results are shown in table 1 below.
TABLE 1
In addition, the lithium iron phosphate battery prepared in the above example 5 was fully charged in a normal temperature environment, and then discharged in a normal temperature environment, the discharge curve of which is shown in fig. 1, and the discharge capacity of which was 61.437a · h; in addition, the lithium iron phosphate battery prepared in the above example 5 is fully charged in a normal temperature environment, and then is left to stand at-40 ℃ for 24 hours, and then is discharged, wherein the discharge curve is shown in fig. 2, and the discharge capacity is 60.136a · h; according to calculation, the discharge efficiency of the lithium iron phosphate battery prepared in the example 5 in the environment of-40 ℃ is as high as 97.88%.
In light of the foregoing description of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the content of the specification, and must be determined according to the scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The electrolyte is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass: 24-35.4% of ethylene carbonate, 20-35% of ethyl methyl carbonate, 15-25% of dimethyl carbonate, 3-7% of propylene carbonate, 10-18% of lithium hexafluorophosphate, 0.5-2% of propane sultone, 1-3% of vinylene carbonate and 0.1-1% of lithium difluoro oxalate borate, wherein the sum of the mass fractions of the components is 100%.
2. the electrolyte of claim 1, wherein the electrolyte comprises the following components in parts by mass: 27.6 to 33.4 percent of ethylene carbonate, 25 to 30 percent of ethyl methyl carbonate, 18 to 22 percent of dimethyl carbonate, 4 to 6 percent of propylene carbonate, 12 to 15 percent of lithium hexafluorophosphate, 0.8 to 1.2 percent of propane sultone, 1.5 to 2.5 percent of vinylene carbonate and 0.3 to 0.7 percent of lithium difluoro oxalato borate, wherein the sum of the mass fractions of the components is 100 percent.
3. The electrolyte of claim 2, wherein the electrolyte comprises the following components in parts by mass: 29% of ethylene carbonate, 28.4% of ethyl methyl carbonate, 20% of dimethyl carbonate, 5.6% of propylene carbonate, 13.5% of lithium hexafluorophosphate, 1% of propane sultone, 2% of vinylene carbonate and 0.5% of lithium difluorooxalato borate.
4. A lithium iron phosphate battery comprising the electrolyte according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
5. A method for preparing a lithium iron phosphate battery according to claim 4, characterized by comprising the following steps:
Weighing the components of ethylene carbonate, ethyl methyl carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, propylene carbonate, lithium hexafluorophosphate, propane sultone, vinylene carbonate and lithium difluoro oxalato borate according to the mass fractions of the components, and mixing the components together to obtain an electrolyte for later use;
weighing the following components in parts by weight: 40-60 parts of lithium iron phosphate, 0.5-4 parts of polyvinylidene fluoride, 0.5-4 parts of a conductive agent and 40-60 parts of N-methylpyrrolidone for later use; sequentially adding the polyvinylidene fluoride, the conductive agent and the lithium iron phosphate into the N-methyl pyrrolidone, and stirring to obtain anode slurry for later use;
Weighing the following components in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of graphite, 0.1-1 part of carboxymethyl cellulose, 0.1-1 part of a conductive agent, 0.5-3 parts of styrene butadiene rubber and 15-45 parts of deionized water for later use; sequentially adding the carboxymethyl cellulose, the conductive agent, the graphite and the styrene butadiene rubber into the deionized water, and stirring to obtain negative electrode slurry for later use;
Coating the anode slurry on an aluminum foil, and sequentially performing rolling, die cutting and baking treatment to obtain an anode plate;
Coating the negative electrode slurry on copper foil, and sequentially performing rolling, die cutting and baking treatment to obtain a negative electrode sheet;
stacking the positive plate, the negative plate and the diaphragm into a battery cell, and sequentially carrying out hot pressing, shaping and baking treatment on the battery cell;
And injecting the electrolyte into the baked battery core, and then sequentially carrying out formation, aging and sealing treatment to obtain the lithium iron phosphate battery.
6. The preparation method of the lithium iron phosphate battery as claimed in claim 5, wherein in the step, the following components are weighed according to parts by weight: 45-55 parts of lithium iron phosphate, 1-3 parts of polyvinylidene fluoride, 1-2 parts of a conductive agent and 42-50 parts of N-methylpyrrolidone for later use; and sequentially adding the polyvinylidene fluoride, the conductive agent and the lithium iron phosphate into the N-methylpyrrolidone, and stirring to obtain the anode slurry.
7. The preparation method of the lithium iron phosphate battery as claimed in claim 5, wherein in the step, the following components are weighed according to parts by weight: 24-28 parts of graphite, 0.4-0.6 part of carboxymethyl cellulose, 0.3-0.5 part of a conductive agent, 1-2 parts of styrene butadiene rubber and 40-45 parts of deionized water for later use; and sequentially adding the carboxymethyl cellulose, the conductive agent, the graphite and the styrene butadiene rubber into the deionized water, and stirring to obtain the cathode slurry.
8. The method for preparing the lithium iron phosphate battery as claimed in claim 5, wherein in the step, the coating amount per unit area of each surface of the aluminum foil is 130-140 g/m 2.
9. the method for preparing the lithium iron phosphate battery as claimed in claim 5, wherein in the step, the coating amount per unit area of each surface of the copper foil is 60-65 g/m 2.
10. the method for preparing the lithium iron phosphate battery according to claim 5, wherein in the step, the temperature of the battery cell baking treatment is 80-90 ℃.
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