CN110553933A - low strain rate compression experimental apparatus in combined material board - Google Patents
low strain rate compression experimental apparatus in combined material board Download PDFInfo
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- CN110553933A CN110553933A CN201910779762.9A CN201910779762A CN110553933A CN 110553933 A CN110553933 A CN 110553933A CN 201910779762 A CN201910779762 A CN 201910779762A CN 110553933 A CN110553933 A CN 110553933A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
- G01M7/08—Shock-testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/30—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying a single impulsive force, e.g. by falling weight
- G01N3/303—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying a single impulsive force, e.g. by falling weight generated only by free-falling weight
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Abstract
the invention belongs to the field of dynamic mechanical properties of materials, and particularly discloses a low-strain-rate compression experimental device for a composite material plate. Including base, first simple component force transducer, compressible frame construction, second simple component force transducer and the dash board that connects gradually, compressible frame construction includes compression bottom plate, compression roof, registration arm and chuck, the compression bottom plate is located the top of first simple component force transducer, the compression roof is located the below of second simple component force transducer, the compression bottom plate with the connection is realized through many parallel arrangement's registration arm to the compression roof, the chuck includes two first anchor clamps and the second anchor clamps that the structure is identical, first anchor clamps are located the compression bottom plate towards one side of compression roof, the second anchor clamps are located the compression roof towards one side of compression bottom plate. The invention can realize the loading of low strain rate in the composite material plate, and has simple structure and low measurement cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of dynamic mechanical properties of materials, and particularly relates to a low-strain-rate compression experimental device for a composite material plate.
Background
in practical applications, the dynamic loading caused by high-speed collision, penetration, explosion and the like causes significantly different results on the mechanical behavior of materials and structures than under static loading, especially for materials sensitive to strain rate, such as most steel materials, polymer materials, fiber reinforced composites and the like.
In order to study the strain rate effect of the material, most of the current experimental studies involve strain rate ranges within two ranges of 10 -4/s to 10 -1/s and 10 2/s to 10 4/s, respectively, i.e., the results obtained by quasi-static loading and dynamic medium-high strain rate loading, which are dominated by a material testing machine and a split Hopkinson rod, respectively, while the experimental studies of medium-low strain rates between the two ranges of 10 0/s to 10 2/s are relatively deficient, mainly due to the difficulty of experimental tests, the loading of medium-low strain rates can be achieved by HTM high-speed loading testing machines, but the experimental cost is expensive.
therefore, the field needs to provide an experimental device with simple structure, low measurement cost and adaptive strain rate range of 0 0/s to 10 2/s for medium and low strain rate.
Disclosure of Invention
0 2Aiming at the defects or improvement requirements of the prior art, the invention provides a low-strain-rate compression experimental device for a composite plate, wherein the low-strain-rate compression experimental device for the composite plate is correspondingly designed by combining the characteristics of the composite plate and the process characteristics of the strain rate effect test of the composite plate, the research design and the improvement are carried out on the structures and the specific arrangement modes of key components of the low-strain-rate compression experimental device, such as a punched plate, two single-component force sensors, a compression bottom plate, a compression top plate, a positioning guide pipe and a base, and the problem that the measurement of the low-strain rate in the composite plate cannot be realized by the traditional experimental device can be correspondingly effectively solved, so that the low-strain-rate compression experimental device is suitable for the application occasions needing the measurement research on the low-strain rate in the composite plate within the strain rate range of.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a low-strain-rate compression experimental device for a composite plate, which comprises a base, a first single-component force sensor, a compressible frame structure, a second single-component force sensor and a punched plate which are sequentially connected, wherein,
The compressible frame structure comprises a compression bottom plate, a compression top plate, a positioning pipe and a chuck, the compression bottom plate is arranged above the first single component force sensor, the compression top plate is arranged below the second single component force sensor, the compression bottom plate is connected with the compression top plate through a plurality of positioning pipes arranged in parallel, the compression bottom plate and the compression top plate can slide along the plurality of positioning pipes arranged in parallel, the chuck comprises a first clamp and a second clamp which are identical in structure, the first clamp is arranged on one side of the compression bottom plate facing the compression top plate, the second clamp is arranged on one side of the compression top plate facing the compression bottom plate, the first clamp and the second clamp are used for clamping and fixing a composite material plate to be tested, and the first single component force sensor, the first clamp, the positioning pipe and the chuck, The central axes of the second clamp and the second single-component force sensor are collinear;
When the device works, the impact force borne by the punched plate is sequentially transmitted to the second single-component force sensor, the compression top plate, the second fixture, the composite plate to be tested, the first fixture, the compression bottom plate and the first single-component force sensor by the punched plate, and the middle-low strain time-course curve of the composite plate to be tested is obtained according to output signals of the second single-component force sensor and the first single-component force sensor in the impact force transmission process.
As a further preferred, the length of each positioning tube is greater than the distance between the compression bottom plate and the compression top plate, and further, the compressible frame structure comprises four positioning tubes with the same structure, and the four positioning tubes with the same structure are symmetrically arranged about the central axis of the second single-component force sensor.
Preferably, the first single-component force sensor and the second single-component force sensor are both in a circular ring structure, correspondingly, a first boss is arranged on one side of the base, which is connected with the first single-component force sensor, the height of the first boss is not greater than that of the first single-component force sensor, and the cross-sectional area of the first boss is not greater than that of a hollow circle in the middle of the first single-component force sensor; and a second boss is arranged on one side of the punched plate, which is connected with the second single-component force sensor, the height of the second boss is not more than that of the second single-component force sensor, and the cross-sectional area of the second boss is not more than that of a hollow circle in the middle of the second single-component force sensor.
Preferably, a first blind hole is formed in one side, close to the first single-component force sensor, of the compression bottom plate, a second blind hole is formed in one side, close to the second single-component force sensor, of the compression top plate, and the central axes of the first blind hole and the second blind hole are collinear with the central axis of the first single-component force sensor.
Preferably, the compression bottom plate is further provided with a through hole for the lead of the signal output end of the first single-component force sensor to pass through.
As a further preferred, each of the chucks comprises two symmetrically arranged clamping pieces, and each of the clamping pieces comprises a fixed end and a clamping end perpendicular to the fixed end.
Preferably, the fixing end comprises a fixing plate and a long screw, and the fixing plate is provided with a plurality of long round holes.
Preferably, the clamping end comprises a clamping plate and a bolt, and the clamping plate is further provided with a bolt hole.
Generally, compared with the prior art, the above technical solution conceived by the present invention mainly has the following technical advantages:
1. According to the invention, through the sequentially connected base, the first single-component force sensor, the compressible frame structure, the second single-component force sensor and the punched plate, the impact force borne by the punched plate can be sequentially transmitted, and the whole test device reaches a force dynamic balance state in the length direction within a period of time, namely the balance between two ends of the composite plate to be tested, so that the loading strain rate of the composite plate to be tested can be obtained within a middle-low strain rate range of 0 0/s-10 2/s within a time period area.
2. The whole device is symmetrically arranged relative to the composite material plate to be measured, so that the impact force borne by the punched plate can be transmitted by taking the composite material plate to be measured as the center, and the stress of the whole device is along the length direction of the composite material plate to be measured, and the measurement result of the medium-low strain rate of the composite material plate to be measured within the range of 0 0/s-10 2/s in a time period area is more accurate.
3. The single-component force sensor is of a circular ring structure, and the test device cannot deviate in the measurement process due to the correspondingly arranged boss structure.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a low strain rate compression experimental apparatus in a composite material plate according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a low strain rate compression experimental apparatus in the composite material panel of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a pressure signal obtained during a test process of the first single-component force sensor and the second single-component force sensor in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a strain-time curve of a composite sheet measured using a strain gage;
Fig. 5 is a stress-strain curve of the composite material sheet obtained after time synchronization in example 1 of the present invention.
The same reference numbers will be used throughout the drawings to refer to the same or like elements or structures, wherein: 1-base, 2-compression bottom plate, 3-positioning tube, 4-clamping head, 5-compression top plate, 6-first single component force sensor, 7-impacted plate and 8-second single component force sensor.
Detailed Description
in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the low strain rate compression experimental apparatus in a composite material plate of the present invention includes a base 1, a compression bottom plate 2, a positioning tube 3, a chuck 4, a compression top plate 5, a single component force sensor 6 and a punched plate 7, wherein the base 1 provides a support for the whole experimental apparatus, the compression bottom plate 2 is disposed above the base 1, wherein a side of the compression bottom plate 2 connected to the base 1 is provided with a square blind hole, and a cross-sectional area of the blind hole is larger than a cross-sectional area of the base 1, so that the blind hole can accommodate a part of the base 1. Still be equipped with first single component force sensor 8 between base 1 and compression bottom plate 2, this first single component force sensor 8 is the ring shape, in order to adapt to the installation of this first single component force sensor 8, still be equipped with first boss in the base 1 one side of being connected with first single component force sensor 8, the shape of this first boss suits with the hollow structure in first single component force sensor 8 middle part, and its height is less than the height of first single component force sensor 8. Meanwhile, in order to enable the signal output end of the first single-component force sensor 8 to be connected with an information processing system, a through hole is formed in the side surface of the compression base plate 2 and used for leading out a lead connected with the signal output end of the first single-component force sensor 8. The compression bottom plate 2 is further provided with four mounting holes for mounting the positioning pipes 3, each mounting hole is correspondingly provided with one positioning pipe 3, and correspondingly, one end, far away from the compression bottom plate 2, of each positioning pipe 3 is connected with the compression top plate 5. In the invention, four mounting holes are also formed in the compression top plate 5, the four mounting holes correspond to the four mounting holes in the compression bottom plate 2 one by one, and the four positioning pipes 3 respectively penetrate through the four mounting holes in the compression bottom plate 2 and the compression top plate 5, so that a movable frame structure is formed, namely, the compression bottom plate 2 and the compression top plate 5 can slide along the positioning pipes 3, so as to change the distance between the compression bottom plate 2 and the compression top plate 5. Be equipped with second simple component force sensor 6 and dash board 7 on compression roof 5 in proper order, wherein, second simple component force sensor 6 is the ring shape, in order to adapt to the installation of second simple component force sensor 6, the one side that dash board 7 and second simple component force sensor 6 are connected is equipped with the second boss, the shape of this second boss suits with the hollow structure at second simple component force sensor 6 middle part, it is further, still be equipped with the through-hole on compression roof 5, the cross-sectional area of this through-hole is not more than second simple component force sensor 6's cross-sectional area at least, and then, make the impact force that dash board 7 received can transmit for compression roof 5 through second simple component force sensor 6. The surfaces of the compression top plate 5 opposite to the compression bottom plate 2 and the surfaces of the compression bottom plate 2 opposite to the compression top plate 5 are respectively provided with an adjustable chuck 4 which is used for clamping a composite material plate for measuring the fixing belt.
In the present invention, the entire experimental apparatus is arranged symmetrically with respect to the center-connecting line of the first and second single-component force sensors 8 and 6. Specifically, in the invention, a base 1, a first single component force sensor 8, a compressible frame structure, a second single component force sensor 6 and a punched plate 7 are sequentially connected, wherein the compressible frame structure comprises a compression bottom plate 2, a compression top plate 5, a positioning pipe 3 and a chuck 4, the compression bottom plate 2 is arranged above the first single component force sensor 8, the compression top plate 5 is arranged below the second single component force sensor 6, the compression bottom plate 2 and the compression top plate 5 are connected through a plurality of positioning pipes 3 arranged in parallel, the compression bottom plate 2 and the compression top plate 5 can slide along the plurality of positioning pipes 3 arranged in parallel, the length of each positioning pipe 3 is greater than the distance between the compression bottom plate 2 and the compression top plate 5, further, the compressible frame structure comprises four positioning pipes 3 with the same structure, and four same-structure positioning tubes 3 are symmetrically arranged about the central axis of the second single-component force sensor 6. The clamping head 4 comprises a first clamp and a second clamp which have the same structure, the first clamp is arranged on one side of the compression bottom plate 2 facing the compression top plate 5, the second clamp is arranged on one side of the compression top plate 5 facing the compression bottom plate 2, the first clamp and the second clamp are used for clamping and fixing the composite material plate to be tested, the central axes of the first single component force sensor 8, the first clamp, the second clamp and the second single component force sensor 6 are collinear, the first clamp and the second clamp respectively comprise two symmetrically arranged clamping sheets, each clamping sheet comprises a fixed end and a clamping end which is perpendicular to the fixed end, the fixed end comprises a fixed plate and a long screw rod, a plurality of long round holes are formed in the fixed plate, the clamping end comprises a clamping plate and a bolt, and a bolt hole is further formed in the clamping plate.
During operation, loosen first anchor clamps, the long screw rod and the bolt of second anchor clamps earlier for reserve certain position between two anchor clamps and place the experiment sample, then put into between the centre gripping piece of two symmetrical arrangement of first anchor clamps with the experiment sample, screw up the bolt on this anchor clamps centre gripping piece, then screw up the long screw rod of this anchor clamps stiff end again. Adjust the distance between compression roof 5 and the compression bottom plate 2 for the second anchor clamps press from both sides tightly the other end of experiment sample, and with this mode, realize that test device is fixed to the experiment sample. The test device was then placed on a drop weight impact bench for impact testing. After the heavy object piece impacted by dash board 7, the shock wave that receives dash board 7 acted on second single component force sensor 6 earlier, then transmitted on the compression roof 5 of second single component force sensor 6 below, compression roof 5 along the 3 downward compression experiment samples of registration arm, and the shock wave transmits compression bottom plate 2 along the first anchor clamps of sample simultaneously, and then compresses first single component force sensor 8 for two single component force sensor generate signal.
Example 1
The test adopts test experimental equipment with medium and low strain rate, and a simple drop hammer test device is utilized to carry out a compression test of the carbon fiber laminated plate. The test specimens used had dimensions of 59 mm. times.19 mm. times.1.6 mm. The dimensions of the active test section were 19mm by 1.6 mm. In the compression test device, single-component pressure sensors are respectively arranged at the upper part and the lower part to measure pressure signals in the compression loading process. In order to obtain a strain time course curve, the test adopts a mode of attaching a strain gauge to the back of a sample for measurement. In order to acquire the strain field, a 2D digital speckle experiment technology can be adopted to acquire the time-dependent change process of the strain field in the effective measurement area by using a high-speed camera on the front surface of the sample.
a pressure shaper located on top of the test apparatus was adjusted prior to experimental testing. According to the test result, the test adopts rubber with the thickness of 10mm as a shaper to be placed at the upper end of the top pressing plate.
The test result with the strain rate of 2/s is given in the example, wherein, the pressure signals obtained by the upper pressure sensor and the lower pressure sensor in the test process are shown in figure 3, the force-time curves of the two sensors have good repeatability in the initial loading stage, which shows that the loading of the sample in the loading process is in a better force balance state, the effectiveness of the test is proved, the pressure is different due to the damage of the sample after 4ms, figure 4 is the strain-time curve obtained by the measurement of the strain gauge, the initial stage is taken, a straight line is drawn, the result shown in the figure is obtained, the slope of the straight line is just the strain rate loaded by the test sample at the time, figure 5 is the stress-strain curve of the test sample obtained after the time synchronization, the Young modulus of the sample can be obtained from the slope of the curve and is 30GPa, and the invention can obtain the measurement material plate with the strain rate of the composite material to be measured in the range of 0 0/s-10 2/s in the time period region.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A low strain rate compression experimental device in a composite plate is characterized by comprising a base (1), a first single-component force sensor (8), a compressible frame structure, a second single-component force sensor (6) and a punched plate (7) which are sequentially connected, wherein,
The compressible frame structure comprises a compression bottom plate (2), a compression top plate (5), a positioning pipe (3) and a chuck (4), wherein the compression bottom plate (2) is arranged above the first single-component force sensor (8), the compression top plate (5) is arranged below the second single-component force sensor (6), the compression bottom plate (2) and the compression top plate (5) are connected through a plurality of positioning pipes (3) which are arranged in parallel, the compression bottom plate (2) and the compression top plate (5) can slide along the plurality of positioning pipes (3) which are arranged in parallel, the chuck (4) comprises a first clamp and a second clamp which are identical in structure, the first clamp is arranged on one side of the compression bottom plate (2) facing the compression top plate (5), the second clamp is arranged on one side of the compression top plate (5) facing the compression bottom plate (2), the first clamp and the second clamp are used for clamping and fixing the composite material plate to be tested, and central axes of the first single-component force sensor (8), the first clamp, the second clamp and the second single-component force sensor (6) are collinear;
During operation, the impact force that receives is transmitted in proper order to second single component force sensor (6), compression roof (5), second anchor clamps, the composite material board that awaits measuring, first anchor clamps, compression bottom plate (2) and first single component force sensor (8) by dash board (7), according to the output signal of impact force propagation in-process second single component force sensor (6) and first single component force sensor (8) to acquire the well low strain time-course curve of the composite material board that awaits measuring.
2. The compression experimental apparatus according to claim 1, wherein each of the positioning tubes (3) has a length greater than a distance between the compression bottom plate (2) and the compression top plate (5), and further, the compressible frame structure comprises four structurally identical positioning tubes (3), and the four structurally identical positioning tubes (3) are symmetrically arranged about a central axis of the second single-component force sensor (6).
3. The compression experimental apparatus as set forth in claim 1, wherein the first single component force sensor (8) and the second single component force sensor (6) are both circular ring-shaped structures, and correspondingly, a first boss is provided on a side of the base (1) connected with the first single component force sensor (8), the height of the first boss is not greater than the height of the first single component force sensor (8), and the cross-sectional area of the first boss is not greater than the area of a hollow circle in the middle of the first single component force sensor (8).
4. The compression testing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the compression top plate (5) is provided with blind holes at one side close to the second single-component force sensor (6), and the central axes of the blind holes are collinear with the central axis of the first single-component force sensor (8); and a second boss is arranged on one side of the punched plate (7) connected with the second single-component force sensor (6), the height of the second boss is not less than that of the second single-component force sensor (6), so that the blind hole can be sleeved on the outer surface of the second boss, and the cross-sectional area of the second boss is not more than that of a hollow circle in the middle of the second single-component force sensor (6).
5. the compression experimental apparatus as set forth in claim 1, wherein the compression baseplate (2) is further provided with a through hole for passing a lead of the signal output end of the first single-component force sensor (8).
6. The compression experimental apparatus of any one of claims 1-5, wherein the first clamp and the second clamp each comprise two symmetrically arranged clamping pieces, each of the clamping pieces comprising a fixed end and a clamping end disposed perpendicular to the fixed end.
7. The compression testing apparatus of claim 6, wherein the fixed end comprises a fixed plate and a long screw, and the fixed plate is provided with a plurality of oblong holes.
8. The compression testing apparatus of claim 6, wherein the clamping end comprises a clamping plate and a bolt, and the clamping plate is further provided with a bolt hole.
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| CN201910779762.9A CN110553933A (en) | 2019-08-22 | 2019-08-22 | low strain rate compression experimental apparatus in combined material board |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112179791A (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2021-01-05 | 上海交通大学 | A test device that is used for compression test after thermoplastic composite sheet metal impact |
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