CN110553241A - temperature adjusting method for coal-fired thermal generator set of large power station boiler - Google Patents
temperature adjusting method for coal-fired thermal generator set of large power station boiler Download PDFInfo
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- CN110553241A CN110553241A CN201810550119.4A CN201810550119A CN110553241A CN 110553241 A CN110553241 A CN 110553241A CN 201810550119 A CN201810550119 A CN 201810550119A CN 110553241 A CN110553241 A CN 110553241A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B35/00—Control systems for steam boilers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
- F23K3/00—Feeding or distributing of lump or pulverulent fuel to combustion apparatus
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Abstract
the invention relates to a temperature adjusting method of a large power station boiler coal-fired thermal generator set, when the unit uses coal gas and coal to be co-fired, the coal amount of an upper coal feeder is reduced in a biased manner, the flame center in a hearth is moved downwards, under the condition that the heat absorption of a superheater reheater is met, the heating of the superheater reheater is reduced, the problem of the overtemperature of main steam and reheated steam can be fundamentally solved, the temperature and the pressure of the main steam can be stably maintained and enter a steam turbine to be flushed, and the coal consumption can be reduced to a certain extent. The problem of current mode of adjusting the temperature can cause the coal consumption to be high is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a temperature adjusting method for a coal-fired thermal generator set of a large power station boiler.
Background
At present, the combustion modes of large power station boilers in China are roughly three: tangential combustion at four corners, opposite-impact rotational flow combustion (opposite-impact type for short) at front and back walls and W-shaped flame. The four corners are provided with coal-fired thermal power generating sets, double tangential circle combustion and balanced ventilation modes are adopted, and the coal quantity of each coal feeder is uniformly distributed. However, because the unit is always over-heated due to the need of supplying gas to the factory, the coal quality combustion condition, the gas input and stop, and the like, the ordinary operators on duty adopt a method of reducing the temperature by turning on a superheater and a reheater or a method of directly adjusting the swing angle of the burner to a lower position for the purpose of parameter stabilization, so that the effect of temperature reduction can be achieved, but only a temporary treatment means is adopted, the work proportion of a high-pressure cylinder is reduced, and the coal consumption is improved.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic view of the internal structure of a furnace, wherein 1 is a MAC machine, 2 is a BFG combustion section, 3 is a COG combustion section, 4 is a G powder process system combustion section, 5 is an H powder process system combustion section, 6 is an I powder process system combustion section, 7 is a J powder process system combustion section, 9 is a superheating and reheating heating section, and 10 is a water wall heat-absorbing surface.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a temperature adjusting method for a coal-fired thermal generator set of a large power station boiler. The method is used for solving the problem that the existing temperature regulation mode can cause high coal consumption.
In order to achieve the purpose, the scheme of the invention is as follows: a temperature adjusting method for a coal-fired thermal generator set of a large-scale power station boiler comprises the following steps:
When the main steam or the reheated steam is over-temperature, the coal supply quantity of the upper combustion section is reduced, the coal supply quantity of the lower combustion section is increased, so that the heat absorption quantity of a reheater of a superheater is reduced, the heat absorption quantity of a heating surface of a water wall is increased, the heat absorption quantity of the main steam and the reheated steam is reduced, and the main steam or the reheated steam is reduced to a normal temperature range;
When the temperature of the main steam or the reheated steam is lower, the coal feeding amount of the upper-layer combustion section is increased, the coal feeding amount of the lower-layer combustion section is reduced, so that the heat absorption amount of a superheater and a reheater is increased, the heat absorption amount of a heating surface of a water wall is reduced, the heat absorption amount of the main steam and the reheated steam is increased, and the temperature of the main steam or the reheated steam is increased to a normal temperature range.
Further, according to the temperature regulating method of the large-scale power station boiler coal-fired thermal power generating unit, under the condition of no coal gas mixed combustion, when overtemperature occurs, the coal feeding amount of the uppermost two layers of combustion sections is reduced by 1-2T per hour; when the temperature is lower, the coal feeding amount of the combustion section of the two uppermost layers is increased by 2-3T per hour.
Further, according to the temperature regulating method of the large-scale power station boiler coal-fired thermal power generating unit, under the condition of BFG and COG mixed combustion, when overtemperature occurs, the coal feeding amount of the combustion section at the uppermost layer is regulated to the lowest value, and the coal feeding amount of the combustion section at the second layer is reduced by 3-5T per hour; when the temperature is lower, the coal feeding amount of the combustion section of the two uppermost layers is increased by 0-1T per hour.
Further, according to the temperature regulating method of the large-scale power station boiler coal-fired thermal power generating unit, under the condition of independent co-combustion of COG, when overtemperature occurs, the coal feeding amount of the uppermost two layers of combustion sections is reduced by 2-3T per hour; when the temperature is lower, the coal feeding amount of the combustion section of the two uppermost layers is increased by 0-1T per hour.
Further, according to the temperature regulating method of the large-scale power station boiler coal-fired thermal power generating unit, under the condition of independent doped BFG combustion, when overtemperature occurs, the coal feeding amount of the combustion section at the uppermost layer is regulated to the lowest value, and the coal feeding amount of the combustion section at the second layer is reduced by 2-3T per hour; when the temperature is lower, the coal feeding amount of the uppermost combustion section is increased by 0-1T per hour.
The invention achieves the following beneficial effects: by the method, when the coal-fired thermal power generating unit generates overtemperature, the heat absorption capacity of each heating surface can be adjusted by changing the coal amount of the coal feeder, so that the overtemperature can be relieved under the condition of not influencing load and main steam parameters, and the heat absorption capacity of each heating surface is reasonably distributed, so that the boiler efficiency is improved to a certain extent, and the coal consumption is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the internal structure of a furnace;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention;
FIG. 3 illustrates the flame combustion mode of the present invention when the temperature of the main steam is higher;
FIG. 4 shows the flame combustion mode of the present invention when the temperature of the main steam is low.
Detailed Description
the invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and specific examples.
The invention adjusts the heat absorption ratio of each part of the heating surface of the boiler by adjusting the coal feeding quantity distribution of the coal feeder to be the breakthrough opening, and optimizes and adjusts the main steam parameters of the unit by using the adjustment of the swing angle of the burner as the assistance. After the boiler is put into the desuperheating water, the steam temperature in the boiler is reduced, a part of heat energy is required to be consumed to improve the water temperature and reach a rated value, the boiler efficiency is reduced due to the consumption of the heating energy, particularly, a reheater is used for spraying water to reduce the temperature, the sprayed desuperheating water is completely changed into steam, the flow of the reheated steam is increased, when the load is unchanged, the acting proportion of a medium-pressure cylinder and a low-pressure cylinder is increased, the acting proportion of the high-pressure cylinder is reduced, high-parameter superheated steam (high circulating efficiency) is extruded by the low-parameter reheated steam (low circulating efficiency), and the overall efficiency of the unit is reduced.
If the unit uses coal gas and coal to participate in burning and when the overtemperature condition appears, the coal quantity bias of the upper coal feeder is reduced, the flame center in the hearth moves downwards, under the condition that the heat absorption of the superheater reheater is met, the heating of the superheater reheater is reduced, the overtemperature problem of main steam and reheated steam can be fundamentally solved, the temperature and the pressure of the main steam can be stably maintained, the main steam enters a steam turbine to be rushed and rotated, and the coal consumption can be reduced to a certain extent.
Referring to fig. 2, the temperature adjusting method of the present invention is as follows: when the combustion amount of each layer of combustion section is consistent and the main steam or the reheat steam is over-heated, the coal feeding bias of the upper layer combustion section can be manually reduced, the boiler control system can automatically reduce the coal feeding amount of the upper layer combustion section and increase the coal feeding amount of the lower layer combustion section. Because the coal feeding amount of the upper combustion section is reduced, the heat absorption capacity of a superheater and a reheater is reduced, the heat absorption capacity of main steam and reheated steam is reduced, and the effect of reducing the temperature is achieved; the coal feeding amount of the lower combustion section is increased, which is equivalent to increasing the heat absorption capacity of the heat absorption surface of the water cooling wall, more heat is absorbed by boiler feed water, and the effects of reducing the heat absorption capacity of main steam and reheat steam and reducing the temperature are achieved. The adjusted combustion pattern is shown in fig. 3.
Similarly, when the temperature of the main steam or the reheat steam is lower, the coal feeding bias of the upper-layer combustion section can be manually improved, the boiler control system can automatically increase the coal feeding amount of the upper-layer combustion section, and reduce the coal feeding amount of the lower-layer combustion section. Because the coal feeding amount of the upper combustion section is increased, the heat absorption amount of a superheater and a reheater is increased, the heat absorption amount of main steam and reheated steam is increased, and the effect of temperature rise is achieved; the coal feeding amount of the lower combustion section is reduced, so that the heat absorption capacity of the heat absorption surface of the water wall is reduced, more heat is absorbed by the main steam and the reheated steam, the heat absorption capacity of the main steam and the reheated steam is improved, and the heating effect is achieved. The adjusted combustion pattern is shown in fig. 4.
Temperature regulation under different loads and different combustion conditions:
(1) Under the condition of no gas co-combustion, when overtemperature occurs, the coal feeding amount of the uppermost two layers of combustion sections is reduced by 1-2T per hour; when the temperature is lower, the coal feeding amount of the combustion section of the two uppermost layers is increased by 2-3T per hour.
(2) Under the condition of mixed combustion of BFG and COG, when overtemperature occurs, adjusting the coal feeding amount of the combustion section at the uppermost layer to the lowest value, and reducing the coal feeding amount of the combustion section at the second layer by 3-5T per hour; when the temperature is lower, the coal feeding amount of the combustion section of the two uppermost layers is increased by 0-1T per hour.
(3) Under the condition of single co-combustion of COG, when overtemperature occurs, the coal feeding amount of the uppermost two combustion sections is reduced by 2-3T per hour; when the temperature is lower, the coal feeding amount of the combustion section of the two uppermost layers is increased by 0-1T per hour.
(4) under the condition of single BFG (bidirectional pulverized coal) blending combustion, when overtemperature occurs, adjusting the coal feeding amount of the combustion section at the uppermost layer to the lowest value, and reducing the coal feeding amount of the combustion section at the second layer by 2-3T per hour; when the temperature is lower, the coal feeding amount of the uppermost combustion section is increased by 0-1T per hour.
Under the conditions of different loads and different combustion conditions, the heat absorption capacity of each heating surface is reasonably adjusted according to the temperature of main steam and reheated steam, so that the effect of adjusting the temperature can be achieved, and under the same condition, the effect of reducing coal consumption can be achieved.
Example (b):
During testing, 255WM, G, H, J and K four coal mills are put into operation, BFG 70KNm 3/H, COG 10KNm 3/H and 60T/H steam is supplied to a factory.
And secondly, manually setting the coal quantity of the K coal mill at-3T/H and setting the coal quantity of the G, H coal mill and the coal quantity of the J coal mill at 0T/H. And observing for 30 minutes, and finding that the overtemperature phenomenon is relieved, the dosage of the reheater desuperheating water is reduced by about 7T/H, and the total coal quantity is reduced to 95.48T from 95.58T. Meanwhile, the load, the temperature and the pressure of the main steam are not influenced, and the operation curve is stable.
and thirdly, manually setting the coal quantity of the K coal mill at 18T/H, setting the coal quantity of the J coal mill at-4T/H in an offset manner, and setting the coal quantities of the G coal mill and the H coal mill at 0T/H in an offset manner. And observing for nearly one hour, basically relieving the over-temperature condition, reducing the dosage of the reheater desuperheating water to about 4T/H, and finally stopping completely. The total coal amount dropped to 94.80T. And the load, the temperature and the pressure of the main steam are not influenced, and the operation curve is smooth.
Table-adjustment parameter table
| Before adjusting parameters | Adjusting parameter of | After adjusting parameters | |
| Total coal quantity (T) | 95.58 | 95.48 | 94.80 |
| G coal mill coal amount (T/H) | 23.76 | 24.88 | 26.20 |
| H coal mill coal amount (T/H) | 23.81 | 24.62 | 25.97 |
| coal quantity of J coal mill (T/H) | 23.96 | 24.92 | 23.04 |
| k coal mill coal amount (T/H) | 24.05 | 21.06 | 18.29 |
| Reheater desuperheating water volume (T/H) | 17.62 | 10.24 | 4.867 |
| Load (WM) | 255 | 255 | 255 |
| Temperature of main steam (. degree.C.) | 542.1 | 540 | 539.6 |
| Principal steam pressure (. degree. C.) | 15.40 | 15.40 | 15.40 |
| BFG(KNm3/H) | 70.86 | 70.62 | 70.77 |
| COG(KNm3/H) | 10.02 | 10.00 | 10.02 |
| factory steam supply (T/H) | 60 | 60 | 60 |
According to the invention, the automatic coal feeding bias of each layer of coal mill is manually set by operators, the flame combustion mode in the hearth is changed, and the proportion of each heat absorption surface is adjusted. Compared with a method for adjusting the swing angle to adjust combustion, the method can solve the problems of over-temperature and the like fundamentally, has strong adaptability, and can maintain the normal operation of the unit under the condition of frequent coal gas feeding and stopping or frequent coal gas combustion amount adjustment. When the coal-fired thermal power generating set generates overtemperature, the heat absorption capacity of each heating surface can be adjusted by changing the coal amount of a coal feeder, so that the purpose of relieving the overtemperature is achieved under the condition of not influencing load and main steam parameters. And because the heat absorption capacity of each heating surface is reasonably distributed, the boiler efficiency is improved to a certain extent, the coal consumption is reduced, and the initial idea is realized.
Claims (5)
1. A temperature adjusting method for a coal-fired thermal generator set of a large-scale power station boiler is characterized by comprising the following steps:
When the main steam or the reheated steam in the hearth is over-temperature, the coal supply quantity of the upper combustion section is reduced, and the coal supply quantity of the lower combustion section is increased, so that the heat absorption quantity of a superheater reheater is reduced, the heat absorption quantity of a water-cooled wall heat absorption surface is increased, the heat absorption quantity of the main steam and the reheated steam is reduced, and the temperature of the main steam or the reheated steam is reduced to a normal range;
When the temperature of the main steam or the reheated steam in the hearth is lower, the coal feeding amount of the upper-layer combustion section is increased, the coal feeding amount of the lower-layer combustion section is reduced, so that the heat absorption amount of a superheater and a reheater is increased, the heat absorption amount of a heating surface of a water wall is reduced, the heat absorption amount of the main steam and the reheated steam is increased, and the temperature of the main steam or the reheated steam is increased to a normal range.
2. The temperature regulating method for the large-scale power plant boiler coal-fired thermal power generating unit according to claim 1, characterized in that under the condition of no coal gas co-combustion, when overtemperature occurs, the coal feeding amount of the uppermost two combustion sections is reduced by 1-2T per hour; when the temperature is lower, the coal feeding amount of the combustion section of the two uppermost layers is increased by 2-3T per hour.
3. the temperature regulating method for the large-scale power plant boiler coal-fired power generating unit according to claim 1, characterized in that under the condition of BFG and COG mixed combustion, when overtemperature occurs, the coal feeding amount of the combustion section at the uppermost layer is regulated to the lowest value, and the coal feeding amount of the combustion section at the second layer is reduced by 3-5T per hour; when the temperature is lower, the coal feeding amount of the combustion section of the two uppermost layers is increased by 0-1T per hour.
4. The temperature regulating method of the large-scale utility boiler coal-fired thermal power generating unit according to claim 1, characterized in that under the condition of single co-combustion of COG, when overtemperature occurs, the coal feeding amount of the uppermost two combustion sections is reduced by 2-3T per hour; when the temperature is lower, the coal feeding amount of the combustion section of the two uppermost layers is increased by 0-1T per hour.
5. The temperature regulating method for the large-scale utility boiler coal-fired thermal power generating unit according to claim 1, characterized in that under the condition of single BFG blending combustion, when overtemperature occurs, the coal feeding amount of the combustion section at the uppermost layer is regulated to the lowest value, and the coal feeding amount of the combustion section at the second layer is reduced by 2-3T per hour; when the temperature is lower, the coal feeding amount of the uppermost combustion section is increased by 0-1T per hour.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111911950A (en) * | 2020-08-14 | 2020-11-10 | 中国神华能源股份有限公司国华电力分公司 | Boiler water-cooled wall temperature control method and device and electronic equipment |
| CN115016576A (en) * | 2022-05-27 | 2022-09-06 | 国能河北沧东发电有限责任公司 | Reheat steam temperature control method and device, readable medium and electronic equipment |
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| CN111911950A (en) * | 2020-08-14 | 2020-11-10 | 中国神华能源股份有限公司国华电力分公司 | Boiler water-cooled wall temperature control method and device and electronic equipment |
| CN115016576A (en) * | 2022-05-27 | 2022-09-06 | 国能河北沧东发电有限责任公司 | Reheat steam temperature control method and device, readable medium and electronic equipment |
| CN115016576B (en) * | 2022-05-27 | 2024-02-09 | 国能河北沧东发电有限责任公司 | Reheat steam temperature control method and device, readable medium and electronic equipment |
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