CN110547830B

CN110547830B - Rotary biopsy gun

Info

Publication number: CN110547830B
Application number: CN201910875544.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张永德; 赵佳伟; 胡逸锋; 赵梓汐
Original assignee: Harbin University of Science and Technology
Current assignee: Harbin University of Science and Technology
Priority date: 2019-09-17
Filing date: 2019-09-17
Publication date: 2022-07-19
Anticipated expiration: 2039-09-17
Also published as: CN110547830A

Abstract

The invention relates to a rotary biopsy gun, relating to the technical field of medical treatment, wherein a safety knob, a rear shell, a spring stop ring, a transmission shaft, a power storage module and a non-return ratchet wheel are all in the same axis. The safety knob can enable the power storage module to store power through the transmission shaft, and the plane rotation ratchet wheel carried by the safety knob can be meshed with the plane non-return ratchet wheel of the rear shell through the spring, so that the safety knob plays a role of a safety lock. The two ratchets arranged on the non-return ratchet wheel can ensure that the non-return ratchet wheel rotates 180 degrees every time the switch is operated, thereby achieving the purpose of cutting and withdrawing the needle. The switch module is triggered in a push-pull mode, and the transmission shaft drives the biopsy needle matched with the transmission shaft to rotate and cut through gear transmission. The biopsy gun provided by the invention changes the traditional longitudinal driving mode into the rotary driving mode, reduces errors caused by longitudinal displacement, and has the advantages of short response time, high action speed, simplicity and convenience in use, safety and reliability.

Description

Rotary biopsy gun

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical treatment, in particular to a rotary biopsy gun.

Background

In medical diagnosis, it is often necessary to perform a biopsy (biopsy) operation on a tumor patient to obtain a portion of tissue of a lesion for pathological study. In the past, most of traditional biopsy operations adopt an operation incision method, but the traditional biopsy operations are gradually eliminated due to the defects of large wound surface, high cost, low safety factor and the like. In recent years, biopsy surgery is mainly performed by percutaneous aspiration using a biopsy needle, and has advantages of small wound, less bleeding, high biopsy success rate, and the like. The practicality, versatility, easy operation, safety and sampling mode of the biopsy gun have great influence on the operation, so it is important to design a biopsy gun suitable for the current biopsy operation.

CN106659485A discloses a method of designing a biopsy needle device, which uses a spring as a power source and a button as a trigger to achieve longitudinal movement of the outer needle for cutting tissue, which is technically effective, but it has some technical drawbacks. Firstly, the cutting mode adopted by the invention is longitudinal cutting, and the cutting mode is easy to generate longitudinal errors; secondly, a spring is used as a power source, the string needs to be wound once every time the spring is cut, the operation is complex, and the winding is difficult to wind every time; finally, the inner and outer needles are relatively complex to install, cannot be quickly replaced, and are not easy to operate by a doctor.

CN102573657B discloses a method for designing a multi-button biopsy device, which uses a motor as a power source and a gear train as a transmission mechanism, and can realize the rotation and longitudinal feeding of a cutter, and uses a vacuum pump to extract cut tissue. Firstly, due to the existence of a mechanical time constant of the motor, namely the time from the start of the motor to the time when the rotating speed reaches 63.2% of the no-load rotating speed, the biopsy device cannot be immediately driven to work after the motor is started, so that the tissue cutting speed is slow, and the cutting process is delayed; secondly, the cutter rotates and feeds longitudinally during cutting, so that the stress of the cut tissue is complex, the tissue is easy to move, and the tissue cutting is not facilitated; finally, the vacuum pump is used for extracting the cut tissue, so that gas can easily enter the human body, and unnecessary harm is caused.

Based on the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to solve the technical problem of designing a biopsy gun which is easy to operate by a doctor, safe and quick to cut tissues and has universality.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a rotary biopsy gun.

The invention relates to a rotary biopsy gun, which comprises a safety knob, a rear shell, a spring stop ring, a transmission shaft, a power storage module, a non-return ratchet wheel, a lower shell, a rotating shaft, a flip cover, a switch module and an upper shell, and is characterized in that: the safety knob and the rear shell are coaxially matched, the spring is sleeved on the safety knob, the spring stop ring is screwed on the safety knob through threads, the non-return ratchet is screwed on the transmission shaft through threads, the power storage module is sleeved on the transmission shaft, the power storage module and the non-return ratchet are connected and then arranged in the lower shell, the switch module is embedded in the upper shell, the upper shell embedded with the switch module is in coaxial contact with the lower shell provided with the transmission shaft, the power storage module and the non-return ratchet, the upper shell is connected with the rear shell provided with the safety knob through threads, and the flip cover is connected with the lower shell through the rotating shaft.

Preferably, the safety knob comprises a knurled cylindrical surface, a stretching arc surface, a planar rotating ratchet wheel, a transmission rod, a radial non-return lug and a transmission prism; the rear shell comprises a plane non-return ratchet wheel, a central hole, a through hole, a counter bore and a lower spring hole surface, the transmission rod penetrates through the central hole, the radial non-return lug is ensured to penetrate through the through hole, the spring is sleeved on the transmission rod and is in contact with the lower spring hole surface, and the spring stop ring is screwed on the transmission rod through threads and is in contact with the spring to generate compression deformation.

Preferably, the transmission shaft comprises a hexagonal hole, a first end face, a second end face, a groove and a transmission gear, the transmission prism can be connected with or separated from the hexagonal hole, the power storage module is in contact with the first end face, and the non-return ratchet wheel is in contact with the second end face.

Preferably, the power storage module comprises an upper clockwork spring shell, a clockwork spring and a lower clockwork spring shell, the upper clockwork spring shell and the lower clockwork spring shell are connected through threads, the clockwork spring is arranged in a space formed by the upper clockwork spring shell and the lower clockwork spring shell, and the lower clockwork spring shell is provided with a rotation stopping groove.

Preferably, the lower shell comprises a lower limiting interlayer, a rotation stopping protruding edge, a lower limiting hole, an inner needle rotating groove, an outer needle fixing groove, an outer needle supporting groove, a needle hole and a clamping groove, the inner needle rotating groove and the outer needle supporting groove are cylindrical grooves, the outer needle fixing groove is a hexagonal groove, the force storage module is arranged in the lower limiting interlayer, the rotation stopping protruding edge is embedded in the rotation stopping groove, the lower limiting hole is embedded in the groove, and the buckle can be clamped with the clamping groove.

Preferably, the switch module comprises a sliding switch, a switch connecting screw rod, a sliding rod, a rotating pin and a shifting block, the sliding switch comprises an arc surface, the sliding rod comprises a pin hole, the switch connecting screw rod connects the sliding switch and the sliding rod together through threads, the rotating pin penetrates through the pin hole, the shifting block is sleeved on the rotating pin, and the shifting block is in contact with the ratchet.

Preferably, the upper shell comprises an upper limiting interlayer, a switch sliding hole, a switch sliding rail and an upper limiting hole, the arc surface is contacted with the upper shell, the switch connecting screw rod penetrates through the switch sliding hole, the sliding rod slides in the switch sliding rail, the power storage module arranged in the lower limiting interlayer is also arranged in the upper limiting interlayer, and meanwhile, the upper limiting hole is also embedded in the groove.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) the invention changes the traditional longitudinal driving mode into the rotary driving mode, can realize rotary cutting and reduce the longitudinal error generated by the longitudinal driving mode.

(2) The invention has compact structure and smaller size, is suitable for one-hand operation of doctors, is more suitable for biopsy operation of different human body parts, and has higher practicability and flexibility.

(3) The safety knob can enable the power storage module to store power through the transmission shaft, and can enable the plane rotation ratchet wheel carried by the safety knob to be meshed with the plane non-return ratchet wheel of the rear shell through the spring, so that the safety knob plays a role of a safety lock; the knurled cylindrical surface of the safety knob increases the friction force between the hand and the safety knob during rotation; the safety knob is provided with a stretching cambered surface which is convenient for pulling the safety knob; the radial non-return projection of the safety knob can prevent the safety knob from retracting after being pulled out.

(4) The power storage module encapsulates the spring inside, so that the installation and the replacement are convenient, and the safety and the reliability are realized.

(5) The hexagonal hole of the transmission shaft can transmit torque from the transmission prism of the safety knob and can be quickly separated from the transmission prism, so that the normal operation of the safety lock function is ensured; the transmission shaft is provided with a plurality of end surfaces, so that the auxiliary positioning can be realized, and the installation process is very convenient; the transmission gear on the transmission shaft can transmit torque to a biopsy needle which is added subsequently, and the reliability is high.

(6) The two ratchets arranged on the non-return ratchet wheel can ensure that the non-return ratchet wheel rotates 180 degrees every time the switch is operated, thereby achieving the purpose of cutting and withdrawing the needle.

(7) The shifting block of the switch can rotate in a single direction, so that smooth winding can be ensured, and the non-return function of the non-return ratchet wheel can be realized.

(8) Because the flip cover can be quickly closed and opened, and the biopsy needle added to the subsequent biopsy gun is transmitted with torque through gear engagement, the biopsy gun can realize quick replacement of the biopsy needle; because the inner needle rotating groove, the outer needle fixing groove and the outer needle supporting groove which are reserved on the turnover cover and the lower shell are easy to position when the biopsy needle is installed, and the installation efficiency and the installation precision are improved.

Drawings

For ease of illustration, the invention is described in detail by the following detailed description and the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 Overall exploded view

FIG. 2 is an overall sectional view

FIG. 3 internal structure view

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the winding state

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the armed state

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a safety knob

FIG. 7 schematic representation of a propeller shaft

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a power storage module

FIG. 9 non-return ratchet schematic

FIG. 10 schematic diagram of a switch module

FIG. 11 rear shell cross-sectional view

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the upper case knob

FIG. 13 bottom shell knob schematic

FIG. 14 is a schematic view of a flip cover

In the figure: 1 safety knob, 1-1 knurled cylindrical surface, 1-2 stretching arc surface, 1-3 plane rotating ratchet wheel, 1-4 transmission rod, 1-5 radial non-return lug, 1-6 transmission prism, 2 back shell, 2-1 plane non-return ratchet wheel, 2-2 central hole, 2-3 through hole, 2-4 counter bore, 2-5 lower hole surface of spring, 3 spring, 4 spring stop ring, 5 transmission shaft, 5-1 hexagonal hole, 5-2 first end surface, 5-3 second end surface, 5-4 groove, 5-5 transmission gear, 6 power storage module, 6-1 upper shell of spring, 6-2 spring, 6-3 lower shell of spring, 6-3-1 rotation stop groove, 7 non-return ratchet wheel, 7-1 ratchet, 8 lower shell, 8-1 lower limiting interlayer, 8-2 rotation stopping protruding edge, 8-3 lower limiting hole, 8-4 inner needle rotating groove, 8-5 outer needle fixing groove, 8-6 outer needle supporting groove, 8-7 needle hole, 8-8 clamping groove, 9 rotating shaft, 10 flip cover, 10-1 buckle, 11 switch module, 11-1 sliding switch, 11-1-1 arc surface, 11-2 switch connecting screw rod, 11-3 sliding rod, 11-3-1 pin hole, 11-4 rotating pin, 11-5 shifting head, 12 upper shell, 12-1 upper limiting interlayer, 12-2 switch sliding hole, 12-3 switch sliding rail and 12-4 upper limiting hole.

Detailed Description

In order that the objects, aspects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent, the invention will be described by way of example only, and with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that this description is made only by way of example and not as a limitation on the scope of the invention. Moreover, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted so as to not unnecessarily obscure the concepts of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3, fig. 4, fig. 5, fig. 6, fig. 7, fig. 8, fig. 9, fig. 10, fig. 11, fig. 12, fig. 13 and fig. 14, the following technical solutions are adopted in the embodiment of the present invention: it includes safe knob 1, backshell 2, spring 3, spring retaining ring 4, transmission shaft 5, holds power module 6, non return ratchet 7, inferior valve 8, pivot 9, flip 10, switch module 11, epitheca 12, its characterized in that: safety knob 1 and backshell 2 after with the axle center cooperation, spring 3 cover is on safety knob 1, spring tang 4 screws on safety knob 1 through the screw thread, non return ratchet 7 screws on transmission shaft 5 through the screw thread, hold power module 6 cover on transmission shaft 5, place in inferior valve 8 after power module 6 and the connection of non return ratchet 7 hold, switch module 11 imbeds in epitheca 12, epitheca 12 that inlays switch module 11 and the inferior valve 8 that has placed transmission shaft 5, hold power module 6 and non return ratchet 7 after with axle center phase-to-phase contact, be connected with backshell 2 of ann safety knob 1 through the screw thread, flip 10 is connected with inferior valve 8 through pivot 9.

Further, the safety knob 1 comprises a knurled cylindrical surface 1-1, a stretching arc surface 1-2, a plane rotating ratchet 1-3, a transmission rod 1-4, a radial non-return bump 1-5 and a transmission prism 1-6; the rear shell 2 comprises a plane non-return ratchet 2-1, a central hole 2-2, a through hole 2-3, a counter bore 2-4 and a lower spring hole surface 2-5, a transmission rod 1-4 penetrates through the central hole 2-2, a radial non-return lug 1-5 is guaranteed to penetrate through the through hole 2-3, a spring 3 is sleeved on the transmission rod 1-4 and is in contact with the lower spring hole surface 2-5, and a spring stop ring 4 is screwed on the transmission rod 1-4 through threads and is in contact with the spring 3 to enable the spring 3 to be compressed and deformed.

Further, the transmission shaft 5 comprises a hexagonal hole 5-1, a first end face 5-2, a second end face 5-3, a groove 5-4 and a transmission gear 5-5, the transmission prism 1-6 can be connected with or disconnected from the hexagonal hole 5-1, the power storage module 6 is in contact with the first end face 5-2, and the non-return ratchet wheel 7 is in contact with the second end face 5-3.

Further, the power storage module 6 comprises a clockwork spring upper shell 6-1, a clockwork spring 6-2 and a clockwork spring lower shell 6-3, the clockwork spring upper shell 6-1 and the clockwork spring lower shell 6-3 are connected through threads, the clockwork spring 6-2 is arranged in a space formed by the clockwork spring upper shell 6-1 and the clockwork spring lower shell 6-3, and the clockwork spring lower shell 6-3 is provided with a rotation stopping groove 6-3-1.

Further, the lower shell 8 comprises a lower limiting interlayer 8-1, a rotation stopping rib 8-2, a lower limiting hole 8-3, an inner needle rotating groove 8-4, an outer needle fixing groove 8-5, an outer needle supporting groove 8-6, a needle hole 8-7 and a clamping groove 8-8, the inner needle rotating groove 8-4 and the outer needle supporting groove 8-6 are cylindrical grooves, the outer needle fixing groove 8-5 is a hexagonal groove, the force storage module 6 is arranged in the lower limiting interlayer 8-1, the rotation stopping rib 8-2 is guaranteed to be embedded in the rotation stopping groove 6-3-1, meanwhile, the lower limiting hole 8-3 is guaranteed to be embedded in the groove 5-4, and the buckle 10-1 can be clamped with the clamping groove 8-8.

Further, the switch module 11 comprises a sliding switch 11-1, a switch connecting screw 11-2, a sliding rod 11-3, a rotating pin 11-4 and a shifting block 11-5, the sliding switch 11-1 comprises an arc surface 11-1, the sliding rod 11-3 comprises a pin hole 11-3-1, the sliding switch 11-1 and the sliding rod 11-3 are connected together through a screw thread by the switch connecting screw 11-2, the rotating pin 11-4 penetrates through the pin hole 11-3-1, the shifting block 11-5 is sleeved on the rotating pin 11-4, and the shifting block 11-5 is in contact with the ratchet 7-1.

Further, the upper shell 12 comprises an upper limiting interlayer 12-1, a switch sliding hole 12-2, a switch sliding rail 12-3 and an upper limiting hole 12-4, the arc surface 11-1-1 is in contact with the upper shell 12, a switch connecting screw rod 11-2 penetrates through the switch sliding hole 12-2, the sliding rod 11-3 slides in the switch sliding rail 12-3, the power storage module 6 arranged in the lower limiting interlayer 8-1 is also arranged in the upper limiting interlayer 12-1, and meanwhile, the upper limiting hole 12-4 is also embedded in the groove 5-4.

The working principle of the specific implementation mode of the invention is as follows:

the invention relates to a rotary biopsy gun which has a plurality of working states, which are respectively described below.

A winding-up state: as shown in figure 4, at the moment, a transmission rod 1-4 of a safety knob 1 penetrates through a center hole 2-2 of a rear shell 2, a radial non-return projection 1-5 penetrates through a through hole 2-3, a transmission prism 1-6 is inserted into a hexagonal hole 5-1, a spring 3 is compressed and deformed under the action of a lower hole surface 2-5 of the spring and a spring stop ring 4 to generate outward elastic force, so that a plane rotation ratchet 1-3 is tightly meshed with the plane non-return ratchet 2-1, the transmission shaft 5 can only rotate along the upper chord direction, the safety knob only needs to be screwed clockwise to a proper position to be loosened during the upper chord, and at the moment, the biopsy gun cannot be triggered to rotate even if a switch is touched by mistake.

A waiting state: the safety knob 1 is pulled backwards, the radial non-return lug 1-5 penetrates through the through hole 2-3, the safety knob 1 is rotated 90 degrees anticlockwise, the radial non-return lug 1-5 enters the counter bore 2-4, the transmission prism 1-6 is separated from the hexagonal hole 5-1, the safety knob 1 does not play a protection role any more, and as shown in figure 5, the anti-theft safety knob is in a cocked state.

When the biopsy instrument is used, the biopsy instrument is in a winding-up state, the turnover cover 10 is opened, a matched biopsy needle is placed in a reserved notch of the lower shell 8, the turnover cover 10 is closed, the safety knob 1 is rotated to drive the transmission shaft 5 to rotate, so that the power storage module 6 is rotated to store power, after the power storage is finished, the safety knob 1 is pulled backwards to be in a ready-to-fire state, the biopsy needle is pricked into a diseased region, the sliding switch 11-1 is pushed and pulled, the transmission shaft 5 is driven by the power storage module 6 to rotate rapidly, and torque is transmitted to the matched biopsy needle through the transmission gear 5-5, so that the biopsy operation can be finished.

The foregoing shows and describes the general principles and broad features of the present invention and advantages thereof. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a rotation type biopsy gun, includes safe knob (1), backshell (2), spring (3), spring tang quan (4), transmission shaft (5), holds power module (6), non return ratchet (7), inferior valve (8), pivot (9), flip (10), switch module (11), epitheca (12), its characterized in that: the safety knob (1) and the rear shell (2) are coaxially matched, the spring (3) is sleeved on the safety knob (1), the spring stop ring (4) is screwed on the safety knob (1) through threads, the non-return ratchet wheel (7) is screwed on the transmission shaft (5) through threads, the power storage module (6) is sleeved on the transmission shaft (5), the power storage module (6) and the non-return ratchet wheel (7) are connected and then arranged in the lower shell (8), the switch module (11) is embedded in the upper shell (12), the upper shell (12) embedded with the switch module (11) is in coaxial relative contact with the lower shell (8) provided with the transmission shaft (5), the power storage module (6) and the non-return ratchet wheel (7) and then is connected with the rear shell (2) provided with the safety knob (1) through threads, the turnover cover (10) is connected with the lower shell (8) through the rotating shaft (9), and the safety knob (1) comprises a knurled surface (1-1), The device comprises a stretching cambered surface (1-2), a plane rotating ratchet wheel (1-3), a transmission rod (1-4), a radial non-return lug (1-5) and a transmission prism (1-6); the rear shell (2) comprises a plane non-return ratchet wheel (2-1), a center hole (2-2), a through hole (2-3), a counter bore (2-4) and a spring lower hole surface (2-5), a transmission rod (1-4) penetrates through the center hole (2-2), a radial non-return lug (1-5) is guaranteed to penetrate through the through hole (2-3), a spring (3) is sleeved on the transmission rod (1-4) and is in contact with the spring lower hole surface (2-5), a spring stop ring (4) is screwed on the transmission rod (1-4) through threads and is in contact with the spring (3) to be compressed and deformed, a power storage module (6) comprises a clockwork spring upper shell (6-1), a spring (6-2) and a clockwork spring lower shell (6-3), and the clockwork spring upper shell (6-1) and the clockwork spring lower shell (6-3) are in threaded connection The clockwork spring (6-2) is arranged in a space formed by an upper clockwork spring shell (6-1) and a lower clockwork spring shell (6-3), wherein the lower clockwork spring shell (6-3) is provided with a rotation stopping groove (6-3-1), the switch module (11) comprises a sliding switch (11-1), a switch connecting screw rod (11-2), a sliding rod (11-3), a rotating pin (11-4) and a shifting block (11-5), the shifting block (11-5) is sleeved on the rotating pin (11-4), the non-return ratchet wheel (7) is provided with two ratchets (7-1), and the shifting block (11-5) is in contact with the ratchets (7-1).

2. The rotary biopsy gun of claim 1, wherein: the transmission shaft (5) comprises a hexagonal hole (5-1), a first end face (5-2), a second end face (5-3), a groove (5-4) and a transmission gear (5-5), the transmission prism (1-6) can be connected with or separated from the hexagonal hole (5-1), the power storage module (6) is in contact with the first end face (5-2), and the non-return ratchet wheel (7) is in contact with the second end face (5-3).

3. The rotary biopsy gun of claim 1, wherein: the lower shell (8) comprises a lower limiting interlayer (8-1), a rotation stopping rib (8-2), a lower limiting hole (8-3), an inner needle rotating groove (8-4), an outer needle fixing groove (8-5), an outer needle supporting groove (8-6), a needle hole (8-7) and a clamping groove (8-8), the inner needle rotating groove (8-4) and the outer needle supporting groove (8-6) are cylindrical grooves, the outer needle fixing groove (8-5) is a hexagonal groove, the force accumulating module (6) is arranged in the lower limiting interlayer (8-1), and the rotation stopping rib (8-2) is ensured to be embedded in the rotation stopping groove (6-3-1), meanwhile, the lower limiting hole (8-3) is embedded in the groove (5-4), and the buckle (10-1) can be clamped with the clamping groove (8-8).

4. The rotary biopsy gun of claim 1, wherein: the sliding switch (11-1) comprises an arc surface (11-1-1), the sliding rod (11-3) comprises a pin hole (11-3-1), the sliding switch (11-1) and the sliding rod (11-3) are connected together through a switch connecting screw rod (11-2) through threads, and the rotating pin (11-4) penetrates through the pin hole (11-3-1).

5. The rotary biopsy gun of claim 1, wherein: the upper shell (12) comprises an upper limiting interlayer (12-1), a switch sliding hole (12-2), a switch sliding rail (12-3) and an upper limiting hole (12-4), the arc surface (11-1-1) is in contact with the upper shell (12), a switch connecting screw rod (11-2) penetrates through the switch sliding hole (12-2), the sliding rod (11-3) slides in the switch sliding rail (12-3), the power storage module (6) arranged in the lower limiting interlayer (8-1) is also arranged in the upper limiting interlayer (12-1), and meanwhile, the upper limiting hole (12-4) is also embedded in the groove (5-4).