CN110545577B - Passive node transmission system and safety energy efficiency maximization method thereof - Google Patents

Passive node transmission system and safety energy efficiency maximization method thereof Download PDF

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CN110545577B
CN110545577B CN201910850233.3A CN201910850233A CN110545577B CN 110545577 B CN110545577 B CN 110545577B CN 201910850233 A CN201910850233 A CN 201910850233A CN 110545577 B CN110545577 B CN 110545577B
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passive node
energy
passive
node
energy efficiency
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CN110545577A (en
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宋康
苗圃
卜庆凯
李长红
纪正霞
聂孟允
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Qingdao University
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
    • G08C17/00—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link
    • G08C17/02—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link using a radio link
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W12/00—Security arrangements; Authentication; Protecting privacy or anonymity
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04—TPC
    • H04W52/18—TPC being performed according to specific parameters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04—TPC
    • H04W52/18—TPC being performed according to specific parameters
    • H04W52/24—TPC being performed according to specific parameters using SIR [Signal to Interference Ratio] or other wireless path parameters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04—TPC
    • H04W52/18—TPC being performed according to specific parameters
    • H04W52/26—TPC being performed according to specific parameters using transmission rate or quality of service QoS [Quality of Service]
    • H04W52/267—TPC being performed according to specific parameters using transmission rate or quality of service QoS [Quality of Service] taking into account the information rate

Abstract

The invention discloses a passive node transmission system and a safety energy efficiency maximization method thereof, wherein wireless energy transmission is introduced for a passive node, and two parts of signal transmission power consumption and circuit consumption are considered in power consumption. From the perspective of optimal safety and energy efficiency, a power distribution and transmission time division scheme is designed. Simulation results show that the system safety and energy efficiency can be remarkably improved by using the optimization scheme in the invention.

Description

Passive node transmission system and safety energy efficiency maximization method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of safe transmission of a wireless communication system, in particular to a safe energy efficiency maximization method of a passive node transmission system, which realizes transmission time arrangement and sending power distribution in the passive node transmission system under the safe energy efficiency maximization criterion.
Background
The propagation characteristics of radio waves in free space determine that wireless communication is very vulnerable to eavesdropping, so that a reasonable design of a communication protocol is required to improve transmission security. Generally, communication safety and energy conservation and environmental protection are a pair of contradictory concepts, and extra energy sources must be consumed in order to ensure the communication safety. In order to solve the problem of how to save energy and save energy, the invention introduces a safety energy efficiency maximization criterion into the passive node transmission system, effectively finds the best compromise scheme of safety and energy saving, and can effectively improve the transmission safety of the communication system and reduce the transmission energy consumption.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for maximizing the safety and energy efficiency of a passive node transmission system, which aims to solve the technical problems that: in order to improve the safety of the passive node transmission system, the transmission time and the transmission power are distributed by taking the safety energy efficiency as a criterion. Compared with the traditional transmission mode with the maximum safe rate, the method can effectively maximize the safe rate of unit energy consumption, improve the confidentiality of the network and simultaneously reduce the energy consumption of the system.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a passive node transmission system, includes by Energy Source (Energy Source, En), passive node (S), destination node (D) and eavesdrop equipment (Ev), the Energy Source passes through wireless signal transmission Energy to passive node, and the passive node is with the information transmission to the target receiving terminal that needs the transmission, and the in-process is eavesdropped the signal that the equipment also can receive passive node and send, the Energy Source is Energy transmitting node, passive node is the node that does not have external power supply, and its working Energy needs the Energy Source to provide, the destination node indicates the receiving terminal of information.
The whole communication process can be divided into two stages, wherein the first stage is that an energy source transmits energy to a passive node through a wireless signal; and the second stage is that the passive node sends the information to be transmitted to the target receiving end. Assuming that the total time of the two phases is T, and beta (beta is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1) is a time division factor, the transmission time length of the first phase is beta T, and the transmission time length of the second phase is (1-beta) T.
In the first phase, the energy source transmits energy to the passive node through wireless signals, x1Energy signal, P, transmitted for energy source in first time slotSRepresenting the transmitted power of the energy source, h representing the channel of the energy source to the passive node, n1Indicating that the passive node receives thermal noise. Received signal y of passive nodeRCan be expressed as
Figure BDA0002196633390000021
And after receiving the signals, the passive node converts the received signals into energy for storage and is used for transmission in the next stage. ξ represents the energy conversion efficiency and the stored energy Q can be expressed as
Q＝ξPS|h|2βT＝vsβT
Wherein v iss＝ξPS|h|2Represents the energy absorption rate, which corresponds one-to-one to the emission power of the energy source in the case of a transmission channel, energy conversion efficiency determination.
The transmission power P of the second stage transmission is (1-beta) TRIs composed of
Figure BDA0002196633390000022
In the second phase, i.e. the passive node sends the information to be transmitted to the destination node, x2Indicating a passive node transmitting a signal, gDRepresenting the channel from the passive node to the destination node, gERepresenting the channel from the passive node to the eavesdropping device. n isDIndicating destination node received noise, nEIndicating that the eavesdropping device receives noise and the destination node receives signal yDAnd eavesdropping device receiving signal yECan be respectively expressed as
Figure BDA0002196633390000023
Figure BDA0002196633390000024
The total power consumed by the system is
Ptotal＝PC+PS
Wherein P iscThe power consumption of other circuits except the radio frequency transmitting module of the energy source in the system is a fixed value.
The system Security Energy Efficiency (SEE) is defined as SEE
Figure BDA0002196633390000025
Wherein R issFor the secure rate, the difference between the transmission rate of the destination node and the transmission rate of the eavesdropping device (meaning only when greater than 0) is defined, and according to the above definition and the shannon formula, the secure rate in the system can be expressed as
Figure BDA0002196633390000026
Thus, the safety energy efficiency maximization problem can be expressed as
max U(vs,β)
s.t.0＜β＜1
Figure BDA0002196633390000031
Wherein
Figure BDA0002196633390000032
Is according to PSIs taken to be the maximum value
Figure BDA0002196633390000033
Substitution formula
Figure BDA0002196633390000034
Thus obtaining the product.
Safe energy efficiency vs. vsThe first partial derivative of
Figure BDA0002196633390000035
Due to the fact that
Figure BDA0002196633390000036
It is clear that the sign of the above formula is the same as the sign in the parentheses. Definition of
Figure BDA0002196633390000037
The first partial derivative of M is
Figure BDA0002196633390000038
Namely, it is
Figure BDA0002196633390000039
In normal communication mode, gD＞gEThus, therefore, it is
Figure BDA00021966333900000310
Always true, M for vsIs a monotone decreasing function and has
Figure BDA00021966333900000311
Therefore, U (v) can be seensBeta) with respect to vsIncreasing first and then decreasing, so that there is only an optimum vsSo that U (v)sβ) max.
For β, U (v) is determinedsBeta) second derivative with respect to beta is
Figure BDA00021966333900000312
Due to gD＞gETherefore, it is
Figure BDA00021966333900000313
U(vsBeta) is a convex function, so that the following method for maximizing the safety energy efficiency of the passive node transmission system is obtained by combining a Newton iteration method:
when only one passive node exists, the following steps are adopted to obtain the transmission power and the time division factor when the system is safe and the energy efficiency is maximum
S101, initializing beta(1)And
Figure BDA0002196633390000041
β(1)from [0,1 ]]The value of the medium random is recommended to be 0.5,
Figure BDA0002196633390000042
from
Figure BDA0002196633390000043
Medium value, suggest to get
Figure BDA0002196633390000044
S102, let k equal to 1, select a reasonable precision factor δ, define
Figure BDA0002196633390000045
Figure BDA0002196633390000046
Wherein
Figure BDA0002196633390000047
Representing the partial derivative symbols.
S103, if
Figure BDA0002196633390000048
If the convergence condition is satisfied, entering S105, otherwise entering S104; s104, updating
Figure BDA0002196633390000049
Therein without(a,b)A value indicating that the function is (a, b), k is k +1, and the process returns to S103;
s105, at this time, beta(k)，
Figure BDA00021966333900000410
Is obtained according to beta(k)，
Figure BDA00021966333900000411
To obtain Ui。
When j passive nodes (j is more than 1), the following steps are adopted to obtain the transmitting power and the time division factor when the system safety energy efficiency is maximum
S201, initializing i to 1, and assuming that the ith passive node operates alone, executing the above S101 to S105, and calculating to obtain the corresponding βi，
Figure BDA00021966333900000412
And obtaining the safe energy efficiency U at the momenti
S202, if i is equal to i +1, if i is equal to j, returning to S201
S203, slave UiThe maximum value is found in (i 1, 2.. times.j), and if the serial number of the corresponding passive node is l, β is determinedl，
Figure BDA00021966333900000413
The result is obtained.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: compared with the traditional passive node system adjusted based on the safety rate maximization method, the system adjusted based on the safety energy efficiency maximization method can effectively achieve the maximization of the safety rate of unit energy consumption, improve the confidentiality of a network and simultaneously reduce the energy consumption of the system.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a diagram showing a passive node transmission system model according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method for maximizing the safety and energy efficiency of the passive node transmission system according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a comparison graph of the security efficiency of the passive node transmission system adjusted based on the security efficiency maximization method and the security rate maximization method when there is only one passive node.
Fig. 4 is a graph of the change of the safety energy efficiency of the passive node transmission system with the passive nodes based on the safety efficiency maximization method when there are j passive nodes.
Detailed Description
The following further description is made in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the specific embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1, a passive node transmission system includes an Energy Source (En), a passive node (S), a destination node (D), and an eavesdropping device (Ev). And after the passive node acquires enough energy, the passive node sends information to the destination node. Due to the broadcast nature of the wireless channel, a potential eavesdropping device may also receive the signal sent to the user device.
The whole communication process can be divided into two stages, wherein the first stage is that an energy source transmits energy to a passive node through a wireless signal; and the second stage is that the passive node sends the information to be transmitted to the destination node. Assuming that the total time of the two phases is T, and beta (beta is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1) is a time division factor, the transmission time length of the first phase is beta T, and the transmission time length of the second phase is (1-beta) T.
In the first phase, the energy source transmits energy to the passive node through wireless signals, x1For energy signals transmitted by the base station in the first time slot, PSRepresenting the transmitted power of the energy source, h representing the channel of the energy source to the passive node, n1Indicating that the passive node receives thermal noise. Received signal y of passive nodeRCan be expressed as
Figure BDA0002196633390000051
And after receiving the signals, the passive node converts the received signals into energy for storage and is used for transmission in the next stage. ξ represents the energy conversion efficiency and the stored energy Q can be expressed as
Q＝ξPS|h|2βT＝vsβT
Wherein v iss＝ξPS|h|2Represents the energy absorption rate, which corresponds one-to-one to the emission power of the energy source in the case of a transmission channel, energy conversion efficiency determination.
The transmission power P of the second stage transmission is (1-beta) TRIs composed of
Figure BDA0002196633390000052
In the second phase, i.e. the passive node sends the information to be transmitted to the destination node, x2Indicating a passive node transmitting a signal, gDRepresenting the channel from the passive node to the destination node, gERepresenting the channel from the passive node to the eavesdropping device. n isDIndicating destination node received noise, nEIndicating that the eavesdropping device receives noise and the destination node receives signal yDAnd eavesdropping device receiving signal yECan be respectively expressed as
Figure BDA0002196633390000061
Figure BDA0002196633390000062
The total power consumed by the system is
Ptotal＝PC+PS
Wherein P isCThe power consumption of other circuits except the radio frequency transmitting module of the energy source in the system is a fixed value.
The system Security Energy Efficiency (SEE) is defined as SEE
Figure BDA0002196633390000063
Wherein R issFor the secure rate, the difference between the transmission rate of the destination node and the transmission rate of the eavesdropping device (meaning only when greater than 0) is defined, and according to the above definition and the shannon formula, the secure rate in the system can be expressed as
Figure BDA0002196633390000064
Referring to fig. 2, a method for maximizing the safety and energy efficiency of a passive node transmission system includes:
when only one passive node exists, the following steps are adopted to obtain the transmission power and the time division factor when the system is safe and the energy efficiency is maximum
S101, initializing beta(1)And
Figure BDA0002196633390000065
β(1)from [0,1 ]]The value of the medium random is recommended to be 0.5,
Figure BDA0002196633390000066
from
Figure BDA0002196633390000067
Medium value, suggest to get
Figure BDA0002196633390000068
S102, let k equal to 1, select a reasonable precision factor δ, define
Figure BDA0002196633390000069
Figure BDA00021966333900000610
Wherein
Figure BDA00021966333900000611
Representing the partial derivative symbols.
S103, if
Figure BDA00021966333900000612
If the convergence condition is satisfied, entering S105, otherwise entering S104;
s104, updating
Figure BDA00021966333900000613
Therein without(a,b)A value indicating that the function is (a, b), k is k +1, and the process returns to S103;
s105, at this time, beta(k)，
Figure BDA00021966333900000614
Is obtained according to beta(k)，
Figure BDA00021966333900000615
To obtain Ui。
When j passive nodes (j is more than 1), the following steps are adopted to obtain the transmitting power and the time division factor when the system safety energy efficiency is maximum
S201, initializing i to 1, and assuming that the ith passive node operates alone, executing the above S101 to S105, and calculating to obtain the corresponding βi，
Figure BDA0002196633390000071
And obtaining the safe energy efficiency U at the momenti
S202, if i is equal to i +1, if i is equal to j, returning to S201
S203, slave UiThe maximum value is found in (i 1, 2.. times.j), and if the serial number of the corresponding passive node is l, β is determinedl，
Figure BDA0002196633390000072
The result is obtained.
Fig. 3 shows a comparison graph of the safety energy efficiency of the passive node transmission system adjusted based on the safety efficiency maximization method and the safety rate maximization method when only one passive node is present, and it can be seen from the graph that the safety energy efficiency of the system can be effectively improved by the method. Fig. 4 shows a curve of the safety energy efficiency of the passive node transmission system adjusted according to the safety efficiency maximization method and the safety rate maximization method, as a function of the number of nodes, when a plurality of passive nodes exist. It can be seen that as the number of passive nodes participating in transmission increases, the safety and energy efficiency of the system can be remarkably improved.

Claims (1)

1. A passive node transmission system is characterized by comprising an energy source, a passive node, a target node and eavesdropping equipment, wherein the energy source transmits energy to the passive node through wireless signals, the passive node transmits information to be transmitted to a target receiving end, and the eavesdropping equipment can also receive signals transmitted by the passive node in the process;
the safety function of the passive node transmission system
Figure FDA0003429448880000011
Is represented by the formula (I), wherein RsFor the security rate, defined as the difference between the transmission rate of the destination node and the transmission rate of the eavesdropping device, PtotalTotal power consumed by the system, Ptotal＝PC+PS，PcRepresenting the power consumption of circuits other than the RF transmitter module of the energy source in the system, at a constant value, PSRepresenting the emission power of the energy source;
the safety energy efficiency maximization problem of the passive node transmission system is expressed as a function of the transmission power and the time division factor:
Figure FDA0003429448880000012
where β is a time division factor, vs＝ξPS|h|2Representing the transmission power of the energy source, ξ representing the energy conversion efficiency, h representing the channel from the energy source to the passive node;
solving the maximum value of the safety energy efficiency function by adopting the following steps:
when there is only one passive node,
s101, initializing beta(1)And
Figure FDA0003429448880000013
β(1)from [0,1 ]]The value of the medium random is recommended to be 0.5,
Figure FDA0003429448880000014
from
Figure FDA00034294488800000113
Medium value, suggest to get
Figure FDA0003429448880000015
S102, let k equal to 1, select a reasonable precision factor δ, define
Figure FDA0003429448880000016
Figure FDA0003429448880000017
Wherein
Figure FDA0003429448880000018
Represents a partial derivative symbol;
s103, if
Figure FDA0003429448880000019
If the convergence condition is satisfied, entering S105, otherwise entering S104;
s104, updating
Figure FDA00034294488800000110
Therein without(a,b)A value indicating that the function is (a, b), k is k +1, and the process returns to S103;
s105, at this time, beta(k)，
Figure FDA00034294488800000111
Is obtained according to beta(k)，
Figure FDA00034294488800000112
Obtaining the safe energy efficiency U of the system at the momenti；
When j passive nodes (j is more than 1), the following steps are adopted to obtain the transmitting power and the time division factor when the system safety energy efficiency is maximum
S201, initializing i to 1, and assuming that the ith passive node operates alone, executing the above S101 to S105, and calculating to obtain the corresponding βi，
Figure FDA0003429448880000021
And obtaining the safe energy efficiency U at the momenti；
S202, if i is equal to i +1, if i is equal to or less than j, returning to S201;
s203, slave UiThe maximum value is found in (i 1, 2.. times.j), and if the serial number of the corresponding passive node is l, β is determinedl，
Figure FDA0003429448880000022
Is obtained according to betal，
Figure FDA0003429448880000023
Obtaining the safe energy efficiency U of the system at the momentl。
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CN106100706A (en) * 2016-05-23 2016-11-09 南京航空航天大学 A kind of safe energy efficiency optimization method of wireless power communication network
CN106376073A (en) * 2016-10-11 2017-02-01 西北工业大学 Optimal power distribution method in untrusted relay network
CN109743729A (en) * 2019-02-23 2019-05-10 重庆邮电大学 A kind of security transmission method for wirelessly taking energy cooperative system
CN109743774A (en) * 2019-03-14 2019-05-10 杭州电子科技大学 A kind of power distribution method for realizing safety of physical layer transmission based on non-cooperative game

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