CN110542096A - garbage low-temperature pyrolysis harmless treatment equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses low-temperature pyrolysis harmless treatment equipment for garbage, which comprises a garbage pyrolysis equipment main body, wherein a garbage throwing port is arranged on the left side of the upper part of the garbage pyrolysis equipment main body, an ash outlet is arranged in the middle of the lower part of the garbage pyrolysis equipment main body, the bottom of the garbage throwing port is connected with an air inlet control system, the left side of the top of the garbage throwing port is connected with a spraying system, and the right side of the top of the garbage throwing port; the left side of the induced draft system is connected with the spraying system, and the top of the induced draft system is connected with the ion dust removal system; and the top of the ion dust removal system is connected with a flue gas conveying pipeline. The invention has high efficiency, small occupied area and strong adaptability, can realize the reduction, harmless and recycling treatment of the garbage by only a small amount of electric energy when the garbage is treated, and has wide application prospect.

Description

Garbage low-temperature pyrolysis harmless treatment equipment

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of garbage treatment, in particular to garbage low-temperature pyrolysis harmless treatment equipment.

Background

At present, the garbage treatment modes in China mainly comprise landfill treatment, accumulation treatment and incineration treatment, wherein the landfill treatment can cause soil pollution and indirectly affect the health of people and livestock, and the garbage such as rubber, plastics, fibers and the like cannot be decomposed in natural ecology and remains in the soil to damage the soil structure and seriously affect the growth of plants; the pollution generated by accumulation treatment is mainly garbage leachate, leachate containing nitrogen, phosphorus and heavy metal substances can seriously pollute water and soil and accumulate in organisms, and the biological chain transfer is prolonged, so that the harm is huge; and a large amount of waste gas can be generated by high-temperature incineration, acid pollution gases such as sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide and the like contained in the waste gas can form acid rain, so that the acid rain corrodes soil, vegetation, buildings and the like, and more seriously, the waste gas contains highly toxic dioxin, thereby threatening the health of people and animals.

In recent years, garbage pyrolysis has attracted much attention as an economic and environment-friendly garbage disposal method, and the pyrolysis refers to a thermal degradation process of organic matters in an oxygen-free or low-oxygen atmosphere, and degradation products are synthesis gas, pyrolytic carbon and the like, which can be further used as fuels. However, the existing garbage pyrolysis equipment has high investment cost, is not beneficial to popularization, and has the problems of low garbage treatment efficiency, substandard waste gas emission and the like which are urgently needed to be solved.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems, the invention provides low-temperature pyrolysis harmless treatment equipment for garbage, which comprises a garbage pyrolysis equipment main body, wherein a garbage throwing port is arranged on the left side of the upper part of the garbage pyrolysis equipment main body, an ash outlet is arranged in the middle of the lower part of the garbage pyrolysis equipment main body, the bottom of the garbage throwing port is connected with an air inlet control system, the left side of the top of the garbage throwing port is connected with a spraying system, and the right side of the top of the garbage; the left side of the induced draft system is connected with the spraying system, and the top of the induced draft system is connected with the ion dust removal system; and the top of the ion dust removal system is connected with a flue gas conveying pipeline.

As a preferred technical scheme, the spraying system comprises a primary spraying system and a secondary spraying system; the bottom of the primary spraying system is connected with the garbage pyrolysis equipment main body, and the top of the primary spraying system is connected with the secondary spraying system.

As a preferred technical scheme, the ion dust removal system comprises an ion dust removal front section and an ion dust removal rear section; the bottom of the ion dust removal front section is connected with an induced air system, and the top of the ion dust removal front section is connected with an ion dust removal rear section.

As a preferred technical scheme, carbon fiber tubes are uniformly arranged in the main body of the garbage pyrolysis equipment; the carbon fiber tube is vertically arranged, and the bottom of the carbon fiber tube is connected with the bottom of the garbage pyrolysis equipment main body.

As a preferable technical scheme, the spraying liquid in the spraying system is an aqueous solution of strong base and weak acid salt.

As a preferable technical scheme, the strong alkali and weak acid salt is selected from one or more of sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium formate, sodium acetate and sodium citrate.

As a preferred technical scheme, filter cotton is arranged inside the ion dust removal front section; the filter cotton is selected from one or more of polyester fiber filter cotton, glass fiber filter cotton and active carbon filter cotton.

as a preferable technical proposal, the inside of the ion dedusting rear section is sprayed with an adsorbent; the adsorbent is selected from one or more of activated carbon, graphene and expanded graphite.

The invention also provides a low-temperature pyrolysis harmless treatment method for the garbage, which comprises the following steps:

a. pretreatment of garbage: crushing the garbage, mixing the crushed garbage with a molecular sieve, and putting the crushed garbage into the low-temperature pyrolysis harmless treatment equipment for the garbage;

b. Pyrolysis of garbage: controlling the pyrolysis temperature to be 400-600 ℃, and performing dry distillation, thermal decomposition and carbonization on the garbage in the garbage pyrolysis heat-standby main body to obtain waste gas and ash;

c. Garbage post-treatment: waste gas of garbage pyrolysis enters a flue gas conveying pipeline after being treated by a spraying system and an ion dust removal system, and ash content is conveyed out from an ash outlet.

As a preferred technical scheme, the molecular sieve is a metal-loaded molecular sieve.

has the advantages that: 1. the invention has high efficiency, small occupied area and strong adaptability, is not limited by regions, seasons, weather and the like, is not only suitable for treating urban domestic garbage, but also suitable for treating on-site garbage in remote areas such as rural areas, troops, scenic spots and the like, and saves the cost of garbage transportation;

2. The invention does not need fuel energy, only uses a small amount of electric energy to supply a spraying system and an ion dust removal system, and can complete the garbage treatment by utilizing the heat of the self pyrolysis reaction of the garbage;

3. The invention can realize the reduction, harmless and resource treatment of the garbage, the volume and the weight of the garbage are reduced by more than 90 percent after the garbage is treated, most of the garbage is converted into waste gas and ash, wherein the waste gas meets the national standard, and the ash can be used as fertilizer and novel material after being properly treated.

Drawings

In order to further explain the beneficial effects of the low-temperature pyrolysis harmless treatment equipment for the garbage provided by the invention, the corresponding drawings are provided, it is to be noted that the drawings provided by the invention are only selected individual examples in all the drawings and are not used for limiting the claims, and all other corresponding diagrams obtained through the drawings provided by the application are considered to be within the protection scope of the application.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a low-temperature pyrolysis harmless treatment apparatus for garbage according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of an internal structure of a main body of a waste pyrolysis apparatus of a low-temperature pyrolysis harmless treatment apparatus for waste according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Reference numerals: 1-a garbage feeding port, 2-a garbage pyrolysis equipment main body, 201-a carbon fiber pipe, 3-a primary spraying system, 4-a secondary spraying system, 5-an induced air system, 6-an ion dust removal front section, 7-an ion dust removal rear section, 8-a flue gas conveying pipeline, 9-an ash outlet and 10-an air inlet control system.

Detailed Description

the present invention will be further understood in conjunction with the following detailed description of preferred embodiments of the invention. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. To the extent that a definition of a particular term disclosed in the prior art is inconsistent with any definitions provided herein, the definition of the term provided herein controls.

As used herein, a feature that does not define a singular or plural form is also intended to include a plural form of the feature unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the term "comprising," as used herein, is synonymous with "including," "comprising," "having," "including," and/or "containing," and the like, when used in this specification, means that the recited composition, step, method, article, or apparatus, but does not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other compositions, steps, methods, articles, or apparatuses. Further, when describing embodiments of the present application, the use of "preferred," "preferably," "more preferred," etc., refers to embodiments that may provide certain benefits under certain circumstances. However, other embodiments may be preferred, under the same or other circumstances. In addition, the recitation of one or more preferred embodiments does not imply that other embodiments are not useful, nor is it intended to exclude other embodiments from the scope of the invention.

The meaning of "and/or" in the present invention means that the respective single or both of them exist individually or in combination.

The meaning of "inside and outside" in the present invention means that the direction pointing to the inside of the device is inside and vice versa with respect to the device itself, and is not a specific limitation of the mechanism of the device of the present invention.

The meaning of "left and right" in the present invention means that when the reader is facing the drawings, the left side of the reader is left, and the right side of the reader is right, and is not a specific limitation on the mechanism of the apparatus of the present invention.

The term "connected" as used herein may mean either a direct connection between the components or an indirect connection between the components via other components.

in order to solve the problems, the invention provides low-temperature pyrolysis harmless treatment equipment for garbage, which comprises a garbage pyrolysis equipment main body, wherein a garbage throwing port is arranged on the left side of the upper part of the garbage pyrolysis equipment main body, an ash outlet is arranged in the middle of the lower part of the garbage pyrolysis equipment main body, the bottom of the garbage throwing port is connected with an air inlet control system, the left side of the top of the garbage throwing port is connected with a spraying system, and the right side of the top of the garbage; the left side of the induced draft system is connected with the spraying system, and the top of the induced draft system is connected with the ion dust removal system; and the top of the ion dust removal system is connected with a flue gas conveying pipeline.

In some preferred embodiments, carbon fiber tubes are uniformly arranged inside the main body of the waste pyrolysis device; the carbon fiber tube is vertically arranged, and the bottom of the carbon fiber tube is connected with the bottom of the garbage pyrolysis equipment main body.

Due to the fact that the variety of household garbage is various, the pyrolysis reaction is a complex continuous chemical reaction process and is difficult to control, and the phenomena that the local reaction temperature is suddenly increased or the local temperature is too low and the reaction is slowed down can occur, so that the garbage is not pyrolyzed completely, and the reduction effect is poor. The inventor finds that the carbon fiber tubes are uniformly arranged in the pyrolysis equipment main body, so that the temperature of all parts of a hearth can be effectively regulated and controlled, and the garbage pyrolysis is carried out more stably, the reason is that the carbon fiber is used as a special fiber consisting of carbon elements and has the characteristics of high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, excellent heat conducting performance and the like, and when the garbage in the pyrolysis has uneven temperature in the horizontal direction, heat can be quickly conducted through the carbon fiber tubes, so that the temperature balance is realized; in the vertical direction, the carbon fiber tube can also conduct the high temperature of the bottom carbonization layer upwards, so that the pyrolysis temperature is increased to a certain extent, and the volume of solid waste is reduced. However, the arrangement of the carbon fiber tubes occupies a part of the volume inside the main body of the pyrolysis apparatus, affecting the ability of the apparatus to process garbage per unit time.

The invention also provides a low-temperature pyrolysis harmless treatment method for the garbage, which comprises the following steps:

a. Pretreatment of garbage: crushing the garbage, mixing the crushed garbage with a molecular sieve, and putting the crushed garbage into the low-temperature pyrolysis harmless treatment equipment for the garbage;

b. Pyrolysis of garbage: controlling the pyrolysis temperature to be 400-600 ℃, and performing dry distillation, thermal decomposition and carbonization on the garbage in the garbage pyrolysis heat-standby main body to obtain waste gas and ash;

c. garbage post-treatment: waste gas of garbage pyrolysis enters a flue gas conveying pipeline after being treated by a spraying system and an ion dust removal system, and ash content is conveyed out from an ash outlet.

In some preferred embodiments, the method for the low-temperature pyrolysis harmless treatment of the garbage comprises the following steps:

a. Pretreatment of garbage: crushing the garbage, mixing the crushed garbage with a molecular sieve, and putting the crushed garbage into the low-temperature pyrolysis harmless treatment equipment for the garbage;

b. Pyrolysis of garbage: controlling the pyrolysis temperature to be 500 ℃, and performing dry distillation, thermal decomposition and carbonization on the garbage in the garbage pyrolysis hot standby main body to obtain waste gas and ash;

c. Garbage post-treatment: waste gas of garbage pyrolysis enters a flue gas conveying pipeline after being treated by a spraying system and an ion dust removal system, and ash content is conveyed out from an ash outlet.

The equipment used for crushing the garbage in the application is not particularly limited, and can be any garbage crusher commonly used in the field.

In some preferred embodiments, the weight ratio of the garbage to the molecular sieve in step a is 500: 1.

In some preferred embodiments, the molecular sieve is a metal-supported molecular sieve.

In some embodiments, the supported metal in the metal-supported molecular sieve is selected from a mixture of one or more of copper, iron, titanium, aluminum, zinc, vanadium, manganese, platinum; preferably, the supported metal in the metal-supported molecular sieve is selected from one or more of copper, iron, titanium, vanadium and manganese; further preferably, the supported metal in the metal-supported molecular sieve is manganese and/or iron; furthermore, the supported metal in the metal-supported molecular sieve is a mixture of manganese and iron.

The metal-supported molecular sieve of the present application can be prepared by any method known to those skilled in the art, such as impregnation, coprecipitation, ion exchange, direct synthesis.

in some preferred embodiments, the metal-supported molecular sieve is prepared by an impregnation method, the molecular sieve is a powdered ZSM-5 molecular sieve, and the molar ratio of manganese to iron is 1: 1.

Although the reaction temperature is effectively controlled due to the existence of the carbon fiber tube inside the equipment, the treatment efficiency of the equipment is reduced, and the inventor discovers that the volume of the garbage treated in unit time of the equipment can be greatly increased by crushing the garbage and doping the crushed garbage into the molecular sieve after improving the treatment method. The inventor conjectures that in the garbage pyrolysis process, the C-C bond in organic macromolecules is mainly broken at the initial stage, but some molecules can regenerate macromolecules through polycondensation reaction along with the extension of reaction time to form solid waste which is not beneficial to garbage reduction, a special organic framework structure in the molecular sieve can adsorb specific organic molecules, especially micromolecules which are easy to generate polycondensation reaction, the probability of the organic molecules for reforming the macromolecules is reduced, after partial calcium and aluminum ions in the metal-loaded molecular sieve are exchanged with transition metal ions, higher activity is achieved, the activation energy of organic matter pyrolysis can be reduced, and therefore the organic molecules adsorbed by the molecular sieve are not only difficult to be polycondensed into macromolecules, but also can be further decomposed into smaller molecules to form waste gas, and the volume of garbage is reduced. However, the addition of the metal-supported molecular sieve may become a metal catalyst for generating dioxin, resulting in exhaust gas that does not meet emission standards.

In some preferred embodiments, the spray system comprises a primary spray system and a secondary spray system; the bottom of the primary spraying system is connected with the garbage pyrolysis equipment main body, and the top of the primary spraying system is connected with the secondary spraying system.

In some preferred embodiments, the spray liquid in the spray system is an aqueous solution of a strong base and a weak acid salt.

In some preferred embodiments, the strong base and weak acid salt is selected from one or more of sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium formate, sodium acetate, and sodium citrate; further preferably, the strong base and weak acid salt is sodium carbonate or sodium formate.

In some preferred embodiments, the spray liquid in the primary spray system is an aqueous solution of sodium formate.

In some preferred embodiments, the spray liquid in the secondary spray system is an aqueous solution of sodium carbonate.

the aqueous solution in this application refers to a saturated aqueous solution.

Waste gas generated by garbage pyrolysis enters a spraying system, particulate matters, acidic gas, smoke smell and the like in the waste gas can be removed through solvent spraying, but the removing capability of dioxin is poor, the inventor finds that the waste gas can be treated by a sodium formate solution and sodium carbonate respectively by arranging a two-stage spraying system, and the treatment effect of the waste gas can be greatly improved because the sodium formate solution is used in a one-stage spraying system and is contacted with the waste gas to form formic acid with extremely strong reducibility, and the waste gas carries a certain temperature, so that the reduction effect of the formic acid on the dioxin is improved at high temperature, the content of the dioxin in the waste gas is reduced, and the oxidized product of the formic acid is carbon dioxide, and the heat value of the waste gas can be reduced; after the waste gas enters the secondary spraying device, the sodium carbonate solution can further remove acid gases including carbon dioxide in the waste gas, and the heat value of the waste gas is increased again, so that the waste gas can be used as fuel gas after being discharged.

In some preferred embodiments, the ion dust removal system comprises a front ion dust removal stage and a rear ion dust removal stage; the bottom of the ion dust removal front section is connected with an induced air system, and the top of the ion dust removal front section is connected with an ion dust removal rear section.

In some preferred embodiments, filter cotton is arranged inside the ion dust removal front section.

in some preferred embodiments, the filter cotton is selected from one or more of polyester fiber filter cotton, glass fiber filter cotton and activated carbon filter cotton; further preferably, the filter cotton is polyester fiber filter cotton.

In some preferred embodiments, the adsorbent is sprayed inside the post-ion dedusting section.

In some preferred embodiments, the adsorbent is selected from a mixture of one or more of activated carbon, graphene, expanded graphite; further preferably, the adsorbent is activated carbon.

the ion in this application removes dust the anterior segment and uses the filter pulp can reduce flue gas moisture content on the one hand, and on the other hand can block particulate matter and discharge, and remaining a small amount of pollutants are adsorbed by active carbon when removing dust the back end through the ion in the flue gas.

In some preferred embodiments, all the connection modes in the low-temperature pyrolysis harmless treatment equipment for the garbage are fixed connection.

The working principle is as follows: when the garbage pyrolysis device is used, the air inlet control system sends preheated air to the bottom of the garbage pyrolysis device main body, so that the internal temperature of the garbage pyrolysis device main body is gradually reduced from bottom to top; garbage is put into the garbage pyrolysis equipment main body through the garbage putting opening, pyrolysis is started under the heating of hot air, along with the progress of reaction, the volume of the garbage is greatly reduced and is gradually decomposed into ash and waste gas, the ash moves downwards and is conveyed out through the ash outlet, and the waste gas moves upwards and enters the spraying system for treatment; in a spraying system, waste gas is subjected to two-stage treatment, and particulate matters, acid gas and smoke smell are removed; the induced draft system introduces the waste gas treated by the spraying system into the ion dedusting system; the ion dust pelletizing system includes anterior segment and back end, and the anterior segment sets up the filter pulp and reduces the waste gas moisture content, still can adsorb most VOC and particulate matter, and the active carbon of remaining a small amount of pollutants in the waste gas after adsorbing through the back end discharges through flue gas pipeline with the waste gas that accords with emission standard.

the invention has compact design, greatly reduces the volume of the garbage treatment equipment, has small occupied area, strong adaptability, high garbage treatment efficiency, energy conservation and environmental protection.

Examples

example 1

Embodiment 1 provides a rubbish low temperature pyrolysis innocent treatment equipment, as shown in fig. 1, including rubbish pyrolysis equipment main part 2, rubbish input 1 is set up on the left of the upper portion of rubbish pyrolysis equipment main part 2, sets up ash outlet 9 in the middle of the lower part, and air inlet control system 10 is connected to the bottom, and spraying system is connected on the left of the top, and induced air system 5 is connected on the right side of the top.

As shown in fig. 2, carbon fiber pipes 201 are uniformly arranged inside the main body 2 of the waste pyrolysis apparatus; the carbon fiber pipe 201 is vertically arranged, and the bottom of the carbon fiber pipe is connected with the bottom of the garbage pyrolysis device main body 2.

The spraying system comprises a primary spraying system 3 and a secondary spraying system 4; the top of the primary spraying system 3 is connected with a secondary spraying system 4, and the right side of the primary spraying system is connected with an induced draft system 5; and the right side of the secondary spraying system 4 is connected with an induced draft system 5.

And the top of the induced draft system 5 is connected with an ion dust removal system.

The ion dust removal system comprises an ion dust removal front section 6 and an ion dust removal rear section 7, the bottom of the ion dust removal front section 6 is connected with an induced draft system 5, the top of the ion dust removal rear section 7 is connected with the ion dust removal rear section 7, and the top of the ion dust removal rear section 7 is connected with a flue gas conveying pipeline 8.

The connection modes in the garbage low-temperature pyrolysis harmless treatment equipment are all fixed connection.

Example 2

embodiment 2 provides a method for harmless treatment of garbage by low-temperature pyrolysis, comprising the following steps:

a. Pretreatment of garbage: crushing the garbage, mixing the crushed garbage with a molecular sieve, and putting the crushed garbage into the low-temperature pyrolysis harmless treatment equipment for the garbage as described in the embodiment 1;

b. Pyrolysis of garbage: controlling the pyrolysis temperature to be 500 ℃, and performing dry distillation, thermal decomposition and carbonization on the garbage in the garbage pyrolysis hot standby main body to obtain waste gas and ash;

c. Garbage post-treatment: waste gas of garbage pyrolysis enters a flue gas conveying pipeline after being treated by a spraying system and an ion dust removal system, and ash content is conveyed out from an ash outlet.

The weight ratio of the garbage to the molecular sieve in the step a is 500: 1.

the molecular sieve is a metal-loaded molecular sieve; the load metal in the metal load molecular sieve is the mixture of manganese and iron; the metal-loaded molecular sieve is prepared by an impregnation method, the molecular sieve is a powdery ZSM-5 molecular sieve, and the molar ratio of manganese to iron is 1: 1.

The spraying system comprises a primary spraying system and a secondary spraying system; the spraying liquid in the primary spraying system is an aqueous solution of sodium formate; the spraying liquid in the secondary spraying system is an aqueous solution of sodium carbonate.

The ion dust removal system comprises an ion dust removal front section and an ion dust removal rear section; the interior of the ion dust removal front section is provided with filter cotton, and the filter cotton is polyester fiber filter cotton; and an adsorbent is sprayed inside the ion dedusting rear section, and the adsorbent is activated carbon.

The daily treatment capacity of the domestic garbage treated by the method is 4.0 cubic meter, and the treated volume is reduced by 94 percent; according to HJ 77.2-2008 & lt & gt isotope dilution high resolution gas chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry & gt for measuring environmental air and waste gas dioxins & lt/EN & gt, the content of the dioxins in the waste is measured, the measurement result is 22pg TEQ/m3, which is lower than the limit value (0.1ng TEQ/m3) for the dioxins in GB 18484 and 2014 & lt/EN & gt pollution control Standard for incineration of domestic waste & lt/EN & gt, and meets the emission standard.

Example 3

Example 3 provides a method for harmless treatment of garbage by low-temperature pyrolysis, which is different from example 2 in that the pyrolysis temperature in the step b is 400 ℃.

the daily treatment capacity of the domestic garbage treated by the method is 3.5 cubic meters, and the treated volume is reduced by 92 percent; the content of dioxin in waste is measured according to HJ 77.2-2008 & lt & gt isotope dilution high resolution gas chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry & gt for measuring environmental air and waste gas dioxin & lt/EN & gt, the measurement result is 21pg TEQ/m3, which is lower than the limit value (0.1ng TEQ/m3) for dioxin & lt/EN & gt in GB 18484 & lt/EN & gt 2014 & lt/EN & gt pollution control Standard for incineration of domestic waste, and meets the emission standard.

Example 4

Example 4 provides a method for harmless treatment of garbage by low-temperature pyrolysis, which is different from example 2 in that the pyrolysis temperature in the step b is 600 ℃.

the daily treatment capacity of the domestic garbage treated by the method is 4.7 cubic meters, and the treated volume is reduced by 96 percent; according to HJ 77.2-2008 & lt & gt isotope dilution high resolution gas chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry & gt for measuring environmental air and waste gas dioxins & lt & gt, the content of the dioxins in the waste is measured, the measurement result is 25pg TEQ/m3, and is lower than the limit value (0.1ng TEQ/m3) for the dioxins in GB 18484 and 2014 & lt & gt pollution control Standard for incineration of domestic garbage & lt & gt, and the emission standard is met.

Example 5

Example 5 provides a method for harmless treatment of refuse by low-temperature pyrolysis, which is different from example 2 in that the molecular sieve is a metal-loaded molecular sieve; the load metal in the metal load molecular sieve is manganese; the metal-loaded molecular sieve is prepared by an impregnation method, and the molecular sieve is a powdery ZSM-5 molecular sieve.

the daily treatment capacity of the domestic garbage treated by the method is 2.7 cubic meters, and the treated volume is reduced by 85 percent; according to HJ 77.2-2008 & lt & gt isotope dilution high resolution gas chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry & gt for measuring environmental air and waste gas dioxins & lt & gt, the content of the dioxins in the waste is measured, the measurement result is 20pg TEQ/m3, which is lower than the limit value (0.1ng TEQ/m3) for the dioxins in GB 18484 and 2014 & lt & gt pollution control Standard for incineration of domestic garbage & lt & gt, and the emission standard is met.

Example 6

Example 6 provides a method for harmless treatment of refuse by low-temperature pyrolysis, which is different from example 2 in that the molecular sieve is a metal-loaded molecular sieve; the load metal in the metal load molecular sieve is iron; the metal-loaded molecular sieve is prepared by an impregnation method, and the molecular sieve is a powdery ZSM-5 molecular sieve.

The daily treatment capacity of the domestic garbage treated by the method is 2.8 cubic meters, and the treated volume is reduced by 87%; according to HJ 77.2-2008 & lt & gt isotope dilution high resolution gas chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry & gt for measuring environmental air and waste gas dioxins & lt & gt, the content of the dioxins in the waste is measured, the measurement result is 20pg TEQ/m3, which is lower than the limit value (0.1ng TEQ/m3) for the dioxins in GB 18484 and 2014 & lt & gt pollution control Standard for incineration of domestic garbage & lt & gt, and the emission standard is met.

Example 7

Example 7 provides a method for the low-temperature pyrolysis harmless treatment of garbage, which is different from example 2 in that the molecular sieve is powdery ZSM-5 molecular sieve.

The daily treatment capacity of the domestic garbage treated by the method is 2 cubic meters, and the treated volume is reduced by 81 percent; according to HJ 77.2-2008 & lt & gt isotope dilution high resolution gas chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry & gt for measuring environmental air and waste gas dioxins & lt & gt, the content of the dioxins in the waste is measured, the measurement result is 17pg TEQ/m3, which is lower than the limit value (0.1ng TEQ/m3) for the dioxins in GB 18484 and 2014 & lt & gt pollution control Standard for incineration of domestic garbage & lt & gt, and the emission standard is met.

Example 8

Example 8 provides a method for harmless treatment of refuse by low-temperature pyrolysis, which is different from example 2 in that the step a is as follows: the garbage was crushed and then fed into the garbage low-temperature pyrolysis harmless treatment facility described in example 1.

The daily treatment capacity of the domestic garbage treated by the method is 1.8 cubic meters, and the treated volume is reduced by 78 percent; according to HJ 77.2-2008 & lt & gt isotope dilution high resolution gas chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry & gt for measuring environmental air and waste gas dioxins & lt & gt, the content of the dioxins in the waste is measured, the measurement result is 15pg TEQ/m3, which is lower than the limit value (0.1ng TEQ/m3) for the dioxins in GB 18484 and 2014 & lt & gt pollution control Standard for incineration of domestic garbage & lt & gt, and the emission standard is met.

Example 9

Embodiment 9 provides a method for harmless treatment of refuse by low-temperature pyrolysis, which is different from embodiment 2 in that the spraying system comprises a primary spraying system and a secondary spraying system; the spraying liquid in the primary spraying system is an aqueous solution of sodium carbonate; the spraying liquid in the secondary spraying system is an aqueous solution of sodium formate.

The daily treatment capacity of the domestic garbage treated by the method is 4.0 cubic meter, and the treated volume is reduced by 94 percent; according to HJ 77.2-2008 & lt & gt isotope dilution high resolution gas chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry & gt for measuring environmental air and waste gas dioxin & lt/EN & gt, the content of dioxin in waste is measured, the measurement result is 95pg TEQ/m3, which is lower than the limit value (0.1ng TEQ/m3) for dioxin & lt/EN & gt in GB 18484 & lt/EN & gt 2014 & lt/EN & gt pollution control Standard for incineration of domestic waste, the emission standard is met, but the content of dioxin is higher.

Example 10

Embodiment 10 provides a method for harmless treatment of refuse by low-temperature pyrolysis, which is different from embodiment 2 in that the spraying system comprises a primary spraying system and a secondary spraying system; and the spraying liquid in the first-stage spraying system and the second-stage spraying system is an aqueous solution of sodium carbonate.

The daily treatment capacity of the domestic garbage treated by the method is 4.0 cubic meter, and the treated volume is reduced by 94 percent; according to HJ 77.2-2008 & lt & gt isotope dilution high resolution gas chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry & gt for measuring environmental air and waste gas dioxins & lt/EN & gt, the content of the dioxins in the waste is measured, and the measurement result is 110pg TEQ/m3, which is lower than the limit value (0.1ng TEQ/m3) for the dioxins in GB 18484 and 2014 & lt/EN & gt pollution control Standard for incineration of domestic waste & lt/EN & gt, and does not meet the emission standard.

According to embodiments 1 to 10, the low-temperature pyrolysis harmless treatment equipment and the treatment method for the garbage provided by the invention can realize reduction, harmless and recycling treatment on the garbage, the garbage is subjected to thermal decomposition and disinfection treatment, the exhaust gas meets the national emission standard, and the discharged ash can be used as fertilizer and novel materials after proper treatment.

Finally, it should be understood that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The garbage low-temperature pyrolysis harmless treatment equipment comprises a garbage pyrolysis equipment main body and is characterized in that a garbage throwing port is formed in the left side of the upper portion of the garbage pyrolysis equipment main body, an ash outlet is formed in the middle of the lower portion of the garbage pyrolysis equipment main body, the bottom of the garbage throwing port is connected with an air inlet control system, the left side of the top of the garbage throwing port is connected with a spraying system, and the right side of the top of the garbage throwing port is connected; the left side of the induced draft system is connected with the spraying system, and the top of the induced draft system is connected with the ion dust removal system; and the top of the ion dust removal system is connected with a flue gas conveying pipeline.

2. The apparatus for harmless treatment of refuse by low-temperature pyrolysis according to claim 1, wherein the spraying system comprises a primary spraying system and a secondary spraying system; the bottom of the primary spraying system is connected with the garbage pyrolysis equipment main body, and the top of the primary spraying system is connected with the secondary spraying system.

3. the apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the ion dedusting system comprises an ion dedusting front section and an ion dedusting rear section; the bottom of the ion dust removal front section is connected with an induced air system, and the top of the ion dust removal front section is connected with an ion dust removal rear section.

4. The apparatus for harmless treatment of refuse by low-temperature pyrolysis according to claim 1, wherein carbon fiber tubes are uniformly arranged inside the main body of the refuse pyrolysis apparatus; the carbon fiber tube is vertically arranged, and the bottom of the carbon fiber tube is connected with the bottom of the garbage pyrolysis equipment main body.

5. The apparatus for harmless treatment of refuse by low-temperature pyrolysis according to claim 1, wherein the spraying liquid in the spraying system is an aqueous solution of a strong base and a weak acid salt.

6. The apparatus for low-temperature pyrolysis harmless treatment of garbage according to claim 5, wherein the strong alkali and weak acid salt is one or more of sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium formate, sodium acetate and sodium citrate.

7. the apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the filter cotton is disposed in the front stage of the ion dust removal; the filter cotton is selected from one or more of polyester fiber filter cotton, glass fiber filter cotton and active carbon filter cotton.

8. The apparatus for harmless treatment of refuse by low-temperature pyrolysis according to claim 3, wherein an adsorbent is sprayed inside the post-stage of ion dust removal; the adsorbent is selected from one or more of activated carbon, graphene and expanded graphite.

9. A low-temperature pyrolysis harmless treatment method for garbage is characterized by comprising the following steps:

a. Pretreatment of garbage: crushing the garbage, mixing the crushed garbage with a molecular sieve, and putting the crushed garbage into the low-temperature pyrolysis harmless treatment equipment for the garbage according to any one of claims 1 to 8;

b. Pyrolysis of garbage: controlling the pyrolysis temperature to be 400-600 ℃, and performing dry distillation, thermal decomposition and carbonization on the garbage in the garbage pyrolysis heat-standby main body to obtain waste gas and ash;

c. Garbage post-treatment: waste gas of garbage pyrolysis enters a flue gas conveying pipeline after being treated by a spraying system and an ion dust removal system, and ash content is conveyed out from an ash outlet.

10. The method for harmless treatment of refuse by low-temperature pyrolysis according to claim 9, wherein the molecular sieve is a metal-loaded molecular sieve.