CN110531267A - Battery thermal shock test method and test device - Google Patents
Battery thermal shock test method and test device Download PDFInfo
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- CN110531267A CN110531267A CN201910818762.5A CN201910818762A CN110531267A CN 110531267 A CN110531267 A CN 110531267A CN 201910818762 A CN201910818762 A CN 201910818762A CN 110531267 A CN110531267 A CN 110531267A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of battery thermal shock test method, specifically: battery folders to be tested are set in contact-type heating device, battery to be tested fits with the contact-type heating device contact surface；The contact-type heating device is heated, the contact-type heating device conducts heat to battery to be tested；The pressure that the contact-type heating device is set when mesuring battary being applied and tested simultaneously.Battery thermal shock test method in the present invention is directly contacted using contact-type heating device with battery, replaced in the way of contact heat transfer the heat transfer of circulating air in the prior art in the way of, improve the efficiency of heat transfer, the time required for battery temperature-rise period is not only reduced, and increasingly similar with the heated situation of battery in actual condition environment.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to battery testing fields, and in particular to a kind of battery thermal shock test method and test device.
Background technique
Lithium ion battery has extended cycle life, has largely obtained in electronic product extensively because having many advantages, such as capacity height
Using, such as smart phone, tablet computer, digital camera, electronic toy, electronic navigator, electric car and energy storage etc..Closely
Nian Lai is equipped with the electric car of lithium-ion-power cell with the growth rate being exceedingly fast and gradually replaces conventional fuel oil automobile, tradition combustion
The market of oily vehicle is gradually reduced.
Electric car is in market is applied, in addition to paying close attention to its power performance, most by consumer's concern, that is, electric car
The core of the safety problem of itself, the safety problem of electric car is the safety problem of vehicle mounted dynamic battery, therefore, from actually answering
With seeing, the test of the security performance of power battery is that power battery manufactures the indispensable important component of link.
How to carry out comprehensive and reliable safety test to power battery is particularly important during power battery is manufactured.
In the prior art, for power battery based on aluminum-shell battery and soft-package battery, finished product structure is cuboid, the safety conventional to it
Test includes the test methods such as short circuit, thermal shock, heavy impact, extruding, overcharge.
There is extreme case or battery in actual use in natural environment, if battery is placed under high temperature or in battery pack
Thermal runaway occurs for a certain branch battery, usually will appear the case where rapidly heating up, heat transfer produced by runaway condition battery and hot spoke
Other batteries in the battery pack that is likely to ignite are penetrated, thermal diffusion is caused to cause safety accident.Thermal shock test is exactly to examine
Survey battery high temperature impact resistance and the test that must carry out.Battery thermal shock experiment then can be very good evaluation battery in high temperature
Under security performance, also greatly reduce the security risk of routine use battery.
To lithium ion power in " GB/T 31485-2015 power accumulator safety requirements for electric vehicle and test method "
The test method of battery (cell batteries) thermal shock are as follows:
Cell batteries are put into sweat box:
For lithium-ions battery, sweat box rises to 130 DEG C ± 2 DEG C by room temperature according to the rate of 5 DEG C/min, and keeps this
Stop heating after temperature 30min；
Observe 1h.
In entire test process, it is desirable that on fire do not explode just is not considered as test passes to lithium ion battery in the testing time.
Test device used in above-mentioned test process is common batteries heat impact tester in the prior art, work
Principle are as follows: in the heating of battery heat impact tester, using the air control circulatory system (i.e. thermal cycle wind) come equiblibrium mass distribution test section
Temperature in domain, to reach good test effect, oven heats battery surface by hot wind, and battery passes through hot biography from outside to inside
Lead realization equalized temperature.The heating and heat preservation of lithium ion battery are realized by above-mentioned circulated air, thus observe battery it is heated after
State.
Above-mentioned test method has the following problems:
(1) heat source with mesuring battary of conventional oven only conduct heat by circulated air without directly contacting, and thermal cycle wind adds
The thermal efficiency is low, and battery temperature rise is slow, heating time is long and heat utilization ratio is low.Conventional oven thermal cycle wind, due to first using electric heating
Make atmosphere temperature rising, then reusable heat air blows to battery surface and heats to battery, so the thermal capacitance of air is low, either oven is given
Air heating or air are heated to battery, and the speed of heating is all relatively slow, and battery surface temperature is raised to testing standard temperature
130 DEG C, need 30min or more.And in actual application scenarios, the temperature of one battery thermal runaway of mould group, battery can be short
It rises rapidly (in a few minutes) in time, can also increase sharply to the heat transfer of adjacent cell in mould group, far less than current
The heating time of thermal shock test, i.e., the state of battery thermal runaway is entirely different in the heating state and actual condition in test.
(2) prior art is when surveying flexible packing lithium ion battery, after environment temperature is more than 70 DEG C, due to inside battery electricity
Gas point and the side reaction of liquid are solved, battery can generate more gas, cause cell expansion, and thickness swelling can achieve 200%-
800%.In practical application scene, power battery is tightly packed, the expandable space of battery after the production gas that is heated in mould group
It is limited, shell can be touched in advance and lost heart.So using traditional thermal shock test method, test scene and practical application scene
Different from has larger impact to the validity of test result.
(3) test method sets the ceiling temperature of heating test as 130 DEG C, after actual battery thermal runaway in the prior art
Maximum temperature can achieve 500-800 DEG C.The thermal contraction performance for the mainly diaphragm that 130 DEG C or more of thermal shock test is investigated,
130 DEG C or more of heating test relies more heavily on positive electrode, cathode and electrolyte system then to delay the thermal runaway of battery.
Original 130 DEG C of thermal shock test result is only and passes through or do not pass through simultaneously, and qualitative test result, which can not reflect, has passed through survey
The difference of the quantization of security performance in the battery of examination.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides one kind can directly carry out to battery surface quickly
Heating, to simulate the thermal shock method and test device of the thermal shock test situation in practical lithium-ion use process.
Present invention technical effect to be achieved is realized by following scheme:
Battery thermal shock test method provided in the present invention, specifically:
Battery folders to be tested are set in contact-type heating device, battery to be tested is contacted with the contact-type heating device
Face fits；
The contact-type heating device is heated, the contact-type heating device conducts heat to electricity to be tested
Pond；
The pressure that the contact-type heating device is set when mesuring battary being applied and tested simultaneously.
Further, battery thermal shock test method provided in the present invention includes the following steps:
Battery folders to be tested are set in contact-type heating device by S01, and the contact-type heating device is to battery to be tested
Apply the pressure of setting；
S02 heats up for the first time: heating to contact-type heating device, the contact-type heating device conducts heat
To battery to be tested, until battery temperature to be tested reaches 130 DEG C, and stop heating after keeping 0.5-1h；
Second of heating: S03 if battery to be tested is not on fire not to explode by heating up for the first time, carries out second liter
Temperature；Heat temperature raising is carried out again to contact-type heating device, until mesuring battary temperature reaches 500-800 DEG C；
S04 records cells burst temperature to be tested, and is tested according to the result and second of heating of first time heating test
Evaluation of result battery safety.
Further, in S01, the pressure set is 400-2000Pa/m2。
Further, in S02 and S03, during the contact-type heating device conducts heat to battery to be tested,
The temperature rise rate of battery to be tested is 30-50 DEG C/s.
Further, it in test process, is additionally provided with photographic device and treats test battery health and be monitored and image recording.
A kind of test device suitable for above-mentioned test method, the test device are also provided in the present invention specifically:
It is the test box of closed state and the contact-type heating device in test box when including test；
The contact-type heating device includes the first heat-conductive assembly and the second heat-conductive assembly being oppositely arranged, and described first leads
Hot component and the second heat-conductive assembly include test surfaces and stationary plane, the test surfaces of two heat-conductive assemblies respectively with battery two to be tested
Test surfaces fit；The stationary plane of first heat-conductive assembly is fixedly arranged on the test box bottom, second heat-conductive assembly
Stationary plane is fixedly linked with telescopic rod；
The cylinder for being connected with the telescopic rod, the telescopic rod being driven to move reciprocatingly is installed at the top of the test box.
Further, camera is installed in the test box.
Further, first heat-conductive assembly and the second heat-conductive assembly are tabular metal block, described first thermally conductive group
Part is parallel with two test surfaces of the second heat-conductive assembly.
Further, first heat-conductive assembly and the second heat-conductive assembly are metal block, first heat-conductive assembly and the
Battery accommodating chamber, the battery accommodating chamber of first heat-conductive assembly and second heat-conductive assembly are respectively equipped in two heat-conductive assemblies
Battery accommodating chamber constitute complete battery accommodating chamber when the first heat-conductive assembly and second heat-conductive assembly fasten.
Further, first heat-conductive assembly and/or the second heat-conductive assembly, which are equipped with, accelerates heat-conducting block, and the acceleration is led
Heat block is made of phase-changing energy storage material.
The invention has the following advantages that
1, the battery thermal shock test method in the present invention is directly contacted with battery using contact-type heating device, using connecing
The mode of touch heat transfer replaces the mode of circulating air heat transfer in the prior art, improves the efficiency of heat transfer, not only reduces electricity
Time required for the temperature-rise period of pond, and it is increasingly similar with the heated situation of battery in actual condition environment.
2, the battery thermal shock test method in the present invention can also apply battery using contact-type heating device and set
Pressure, after battery is heated produces gas expansion, contact-type heating device can still clamp battery, simulate single battery completely in operating condition
Suffered pressure state under environment.
3, the present invention in battery thermal shock test method heating temperature be more than 130 DEG C later will continue to be heated to it is higher
Temperature observes and records the temperature on fire of this section of temperature intermediate cell, the security performance difference of overall merit battery.
4, battery thermal shock test device provided in the present invention can be quickly to battery by the heat transfer of solid interface
It is heated or is radiated, the present apparatus is simple and effective, can greatly save heating during battery the high and low temperature test or cooling
Time of repose saves test resource, accelerates testing efficiency.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the battery thermal shock test device in the present invention；
Fig. 2 is a kind of example structure schematic diagram of heat-conductive assembly in battery thermal shock test device of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is another example structure schematic diagram of heat-conductive assembly in battery thermal shock test device of the present invention；
The reference numerals are as follows:
1, test box；2, the first heat-conductive assembly；3, the second heat-conductive assembly；4, battery to be tested；5, cylinder；6, telescopic rod；
7, camera；8,9, heat-conductive assembly；
801,901, acceleration heat-conducting block；902, battery accommodating chamber.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
The structural schematic diagram of battery thermal shock test device in the embodiment of the present invention is as shown in Fig. 1, specific as follows:
Test box 1 for closed state and the contact-type heating device in test box when including test.Test box
Openable and closable channel or door should be equipped with to use, herein because not being related to the necessary technology spy mentioned in the present invention
Sign, therefore in the accompanying drawings do not draw this structure, but the deduction that those skilled in the art can will be apparent that according to testing procedure
Out, the channel inside connection external environment and test box can be equipped on test box, and test box is closed during the test
State (it is noted that closed state does not imply that state of isolation herein).
It is preferable to use transparent and with explosion prevention function tempered glass to be prepared for test box, prevents battery explosion or combustion
Electrolyte splashes during burning or the splashing of other combustibles is lost caused by tester and environment, and transparent configuration can be protected again
Demonstrate,prove tester can clear view to test all processes.
Specifically, contact-type heating device includes the first heat-conductive assembly 2 and the second heat-conductive assembly 3 being oppositely arranged, and first
Heat-conductive assembly and the second heat-conductive assembly include test surfaces and stationary plane, the test surfaces of two heat-conductive assemblies respectively with battery to be tested
4 two test surfaces fit (test mode as shown in Fig. 1).The stationary plane of first heat-conductive assembly 2 is fixedly arranged on test box 1
Bottom (the first heat-conductive assembly 2 is fixedly arranged on test box bottom), stationary plane and the telescopic rod 6 of the second heat-conductive assembly 3 are fixedly linked.It surveys
Examination box top is installed with the cylinder 5 for being connected with telescopic rod 6, the telescopic rod being driven to move reciprocatingly.It is heated in order to observe battery
Whole test modes of process, installing camera 7 is treated test battery health and is monitored and image recording in test box.Cylinder
It may be selected to be electric drive, the external power supply of cylinder and the electronic equipment etc. that the image of camera shooting is shown and saved
It is set to outside test box.
In test device as shown in Fig. 1, the first heat-conductive assembly 2 and the second heat-conductive assembly 3 are tabular metal block, the
One heat-conductive assembly 2 is parallel with two test surfaces of the second heat-conductive assembly 3, and soft-package battery 4 is located in wherein by two heat-conductive assemblies.The reality
It applies in example, the metal plate of good heat conduction effect, such as copper sheet, iron plate, nickel plate can be used in heat-conductive assembly, and preferred to two heat-conductive assemblies
It is directly heated using electrically heated mode, heat is directly conducted to battery to be tested after metal plate heating, is made to be tested
The temperature rise rate of battery can reach required test temperature up to 30-50 DEG C/s, in the several seconds.
Heat-conductive assembly in above-described embodiment can also be optimized, embodiment as shown in Fig. 2, by the first heat-conductive assembly
And/or second heat-conductive assembly 8 be equipped with accelerate heat-conducting block 801, accelerate heat-conducting block be made of phase-changing energy storage material, phase-change accumulation energy material
Material heat absorption is fast, and has heat storage capacity, can speed up heat-conductive assembly and faster heats up and maintain temperature to stablize.It such as uses and stores up phase transformation
Energy material is sealed in manufactured acceleration heat-conducting block in aluminium foil, and phase-changing energy storage material is using material applicable in the prior art.
Heat-conductive assembly in above-described embodiment can also be optimized, embodiment as shown in Fig. 3, the first heat-conductive assembly
And/or second heat-conductive assembly 9 be equipped with accelerate heat-conducting block 901.Heat-conductive assembly 9 is metal block, is equipped with battery in heat-conductive assembly and holds
Receive chamber 902, the battery accommodating chamber of the first heat-conductive assembly and the battery accommodating chamber of the second heat-conductive assembly are in two heat-conductive assemblies and second
Heat-conductive assembly constitutes complete battery accommodating chamber when fastening.Being suitable for battery in the present embodiment is full clad type, or to different
The case where battery of shape structure is tested.Herein it is emphasized that test device is tested in using the embodiment
In the process, " fastening " refers to two heat-conductive assembly relative motions, so that the process of setting pressure is in contact and applied with battery, not
Refer to the process of as mould cavity molds.
The method tested using above-mentioned battery thermal shock test device is overall are as follows:
Battery folders to be tested are set in contact-type heating device, battery to be tested and contact-type heating device contact surface phase
Fitting；
Contact-type heating device is heated, contact-type heating device conducts heat to battery to be tested；
The pressure that contact-type heating device is set when mesuring battary being applied and tested simultaneously.
Specifically, illustrate test method by taking test device provided in attached drawing 1 as an example, the specific steps are as follows:
Battery 4 to be tested is placed on the first heat-conductive assembly 2 (copper sheet) by S01, and motor 6 drives telescopic rod movement, thus
It drives the second heat-conductive assembly 3 (copper sheet) to move to the first heat-conductive assembly 2, battery folders to be tested is set among two heat-conductive assemblies,
Until reaching the pressure of setting.
The pressure set is 400-2000Pa/m2, the pressure value of the setting is with battery to be tested during practical set
The pressure received is reference value.
S02 heats up for the first time: heating simultaneously to the first heat-conductive assembly 2 and the second heat-conductive assembly 3, heat-conductive assembly will
Heat is conducted to battery to be tested, until battery temperature to be tested reaches 130 DEG C, and stops heating after keeping 1h.Due to being straight
Contact is heated, and during heat-conductive assembly conducts heat to battery to be tested, the temperature rise rate of battery to be tested can
Up to 30-50 DEG C/s.
It can tentatively judge test result at this time: not explode as battery is not on fire, then discriminating test passes through, and otherwise tests obstructed
It crosses, terminates test.
Second of heating: S03 if battery to be tested is not on fire not to explode by heating up for the first time, carries out second liter
Temperature；Heat temperature raising is carried out again to contact-type heating device, until mesuring battary temperature reaches 500 DEG C.
S04 records cells burst temperature to be tested, and is tested according to the result and second of heating of first time heating test
Evaluation of result battery safety.
The following are the battery sample thermal shock test results tested using the above method:
From test result as can be seen that three sections of Sample Cells are not on fire at 130 DEG C does not explode, by traditional test side
Method all determines to pass through, but can not determine the difference of security performance between three sections of samples.Use thermal shock test device of the invention
And test method, newly increase the ignition temperature index of second of heating, it can be deduced that conclusion: the 1st group of > of the 3rd group of security performance
The 2nd group of >, it is consistent completely with evaluation in actual use.
As can be seen from the above-described embodiment, the present invention in battery thermal shock test method using contact-type heating device with
Battery directly contacts, replaced in the way of contact heat transfer the heat transfer of circulating air in the prior art in the way of, improve heat transfer
Efficiency, not only reduce the time required for battery temperature-rise period, and also add the thermal performance evaluation under higher temperature
As a result, simulating single battery pressure state suffered under work condition environment completely, test result is genuine and believable.It is mentioned in the present invention
The battery thermal shock test device of confession quickly can be heated or be radiated to battery by the heat transfer of solid interface, the device
It is simple and effective, the time of repose of the heating or cooling during battery the high and low temperature test can be greatly saved, test resource is saved,
Accelerate testing efficiency.
Finally, it should be noted that above embodiments be only to illustrate the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention rather than to its into
Row limitation, although the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail referring to preferred embodiment, those skilled in the art
It should be understood that the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention can be still modified or replaced equivalently, and these are modified or wait
The range of modified technical solution disengaging technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention cannot also be made with replacement.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of battery thermal shock test method, it is characterised in that:
Battery folders to be tested are set in contact-type heating device, battery to be tested and the contact-type heating device contact surface phase
Fitting；
The contact-type heating device is heated, the contact-type heating device conducts heat to battery to be tested；
The pressure that the contact-type heating device is set when mesuring battary being applied and tested simultaneously.
2. battery thermal shock test method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Include the following steps:
Battery folders to be tested are set in contact-type heating device by S01, and the contact-type heating device applies battery to be tested
The pressure of setting；
S02, for the first time heat up: contact-type heating device is heated, the contact-type heating device conduct heat to
Battery is tested, until battery temperature to be tested reaches 130 DEG C, and stops heating after keeping 0.5-1h；
Second of heating: S03 if battery to be tested is not on fire not to explode by heating up for the first time, carries out second of heating；It is right
Contact-type heating device carries out heat temperature raising again, until mesuring battary temperature reaches 500-800 DEG C；
S04 records cells burst temperature to be tested, and according to the knot of the result of first time heating test and second of heating test
Fruit evaluates battery safety.
3. battery thermal shock test method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that: in S01, the pressure set is 400-
2000Pa/m2。
4. battery thermal shock test method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that: in S02 and S03, the contact heating
During device conducts heat to battery to be tested, the temperature rise rate of battery to be tested is 30-50 DEG C/s.
5. the battery thermal shock test method as described in claim 1-4 is any, it is characterised in that: in test process, be additionally provided with and take the photograph
Test battery health is treated as device to be monitored and image recording.
6. a kind of battery thermal shock test device, it is characterised in that:
It is the test box of closed state and the contact-type heating device in test box when including test；
The contact-type heating device includes the first heat-conductive assembly and the second heat-conductive assembly being oppositely arranged, and described first thermally conductive group
Part and the second heat-conductive assembly include test surfaces and stationary plane, and the test surfaces of two heat-conductive assemblies are tested with battery two to be tested respectively
Face fits；The stationary plane of first heat-conductive assembly is fixedly arranged on the test box bottom, the fixation of second heat-conductive assembly
Face is fixedly linked with telescopic rod；
The cylinder for being connected with the telescopic rod, the telescopic rod being driven to move reciprocatingly is installed at the top of the test box.
7. battery thermal shock test device as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that: install camera in the test box.
8. battery thermal shock test device as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that: first heat-conductive assembly and second thermally conductive
Component is tabular metal block, and first heat-conductive assembly is parallel with two test surfaces of the second heat-conductive assembly.
9. battery thermal shock test device as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that: first heat-conductive assembly and second thermally conductive
Component is metal block, and battery accommodating chamber is respectively equipped in first heat-conductive assembly and the second heat-conductive assembly, and described first is thermally conductive
The battery accommodating chamber of component and the battery accommodating chamber of second heat-conductive assembly are in the first heat-conductive assembly and described second thermally conductive group
Part constitutes complete battery accommodating chamber when fastening.
10. the battery thermal shock test device as described in claim 6-9 is any, it is characterised in that: first heat-conductive assembly and/
Or second heat-conductive assembly be equipped with and accelerate heat-conducting block, the acceleration heat-conducting block is made of phase-changing energy storage material.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116559633A (en) * | 2023-07-10 | 2023-08-08 | 华羿微电子股份有限公司 | Semiconductor chip high temperature test box |
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