CN110530048A - A kind of Trans-critical cycle CO2Air conditioner heat pump system and its optimal control method - Google Patents
A kind of Trans-critical cycle CO2Air conditioner heat pump system and its optimal control method Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00321—Heat exchangers for air-conditioning devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00485—Valves for air-conditioning devices, e.g. thermostatic valves
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
- B60H1/00814—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
- B60H1/00878—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices
- B60H1/00885—Controlling the flow of heating or cooling liquid, e.g. valves or pumps
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B13/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with reversible cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B29/00—Combined heating and refrigeration systems, e.g. operating alternately or simultaneously
- F25B29/003—Combined heating and refrigeration systems, e.g. operating alternately or simultaneously of the compression type system
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B39/00—Evaporators; Condensers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B40/00—Subcoolers, desuperheaters or superheaters
- F25B40/06—Superheaters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B43/00—Arrangements for separating or purifying gases or liquids; Arrangements for vaporising the residuum of liquid refrigerant, e.g. by heat
- F25B43/006—Accumulators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
- F25B9/002—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant
- F25B9/008—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant the refrigerant being carbon dioxide
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Trans-critical cycle CO2Air conditioner heat pump system and its optimal control method, for how under different car steering environmental working conditions, quickly and accurately adaptivity adjusts the performance of air-conditioning system, it first proposed the control method combined using multi-parameter extremum search control algolithm with self learning neural networks, high pressure (P run to four Optimal Parameters, that is, system of air-conditioning systemh), vehicle external heat exchanger air quantity (Vgasc), evaporating temperature (Te) and the effectively degree of superheat (Tsup) optimizing is carried out, then further provide the specific control strategy of four Optimal Parameters.It ensure that under the driving environment operating condition of various changeable complexity, new-energy automotive air-conditioning can rapidly carry out self-control always, and comfort level requirement of the passenger to compartment is met under minimum energy consumption, in the shortest time, alleviates following energy crisis.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to critical-cross carbon dioxide system regions, in particular to a kind of new-energy automobile transcritical CO_2 air-conditioning
System and its optimal control method.
Background technique
New-energy automobile overcomes the fossil fuel dependence problem of fuel-engined vehicle, using energy source diversification, quiet environmental protection, generation
Table future automobile development trend.New-energy automobile is different from fuel-engined vehicle, and at low ambient temperatures, no engine exhaust heat can
It is used in vehicle cabin air, therefore current dew energy automobile winter uses PTC electric heating to heat substantially, however the dew energy
The on-vehicle battery power reservoir capacity of automobile is limited, certainly will will affect the continual mileage of automobile using electric heating heating.Heat pump type air conditioner
The heating efficiency of system operation is 1 or more, and compared with electric heating heating, energy-efficient feature is more advantageous to dew energy vapour
The development of vehicle.The most popular refrigerant of traditional automotive air-conditioning system is R134a, and environmental-protecting performance is poor, is gradually washed in a pan
It eliminates, in the process of moving, environment is changeable for automobile, encounters the weather such as heavy congestion situation, sleet and dense fog, is advised according to road
It is fixed, travel speed need to be reduced as required, and gas cooler air quantity is reduced, and is required air conditioning for automobiles heating performance higher therefore right
For traditional working medium and a very big test, it is difficult to meet actual requirement.And CO2The refrigerant natural as one kind,
It is with the obvious advantage.Trans-critical cycle CO2Heat pump cycle has unique advantage, and exothermic process temperature is higher and sizable there are one
Temperature glide (about 80~100 DEG C).Research shows that: when evaporating temperature is 0 DEG C, water temperature can be heated to 60 DEG C from 0 DEG C, heat
Pump COP can reach 4.3, reduce on 75% than electric heater and gas heater energy consumption.In cold district, conventional air source heat pump
Heating capacity and efficiency with environment temperature reduction decline quickly, the use of heat pump is restricted.And CO2Heat pump system is in low temperature
Higher heating load and very high leaving water temperature can be maintained under environment, greatly save energy spent by ancillary heating equipment.
Critical-cross carbon dioxide circulation recycle in the supercritical state be characterized in that can by control high-pressure side
The method of pressure carry out the COP of control system and reach maximum value, it may also be necessary to take further control high side pressure value
Reach bigger method, using higher energy consumption as cost, obtains stronger refrigerating capacity.System works under strong refrigerating capacity,
Refrigerating capacity is big, and temperature in compartment reduces rapider, but corresponding power consumption is also bigger, therefore, automobile start starting with
In even running, reasonably the working condition of control air conditioning for automobiles is very necessary, can be reached in the shortest possible time
To passenger comfort level require while, accomplish reduce energy consumption, it is energy saving.
Current existing critical-cross carbon dioxide automotive air-conditioning system lacks an effective control in control mode and patrols
Volume, also lack the control system of corresponding high-efficiency high-accuracy, it is difficult to run air-conditioning system can under different environmental working conditions
In the state of corresponding to its optimal performance, achieve the purpose that real time execution is optimal.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of new-energy automobile Trans-critical cycle CO2Air-conditioning system and its optimal control method,
In the state of operating in air-conditioning system can corresponding to its optimal performance under different environmental working conditions, to solve above-mentioned technology
Problem.
To achieve the goals above, it adopts the following technical scheme that
A kind of new-energy automobile Trans-critical cycle CO2Air-conditioning system, comprising: compressor, interior heat exchanger, returns at four-way reversing valve
Hot device, electric expansion valve, vehicle external heat exchanger, triple valve and liquid storage device；
The d mouth of compressor outlet connection four-way reversing valve, one end of a mouth connection vehicle external heat exchanger of four-way reversing valve, four
The c mouth of logical reversal valve is sequentially connected interior heat exchanger, electric expansion valve, the first heat exchanging pipe of regenerator and vehicle external heat exchanger
The other end, the c mouth of the b mouth connection triple valve of four-way reversing valve, a mouth of triple valve are connected by the second heat exchanging pipe of regenerator
The import of liquid storage device, the b mouth of triple valve connect the import of liquid storage device with the second heat exchanging pipe of regenerator jointly, and liquid storage device goes out
The import of mouth connect compressor.
Further, it is optimized using multivariable extremum search control method, comprising:
Four target components: the coefficient of performance value of air-conditioning system, refrigerating capacity Qc, heating capacity QhWith air conditioning exhausting temperature
Tout；
Four Optimal Parameters: the operation high-voltage value P of air-conditioning systemh, vehicle external heat exchanger air quantity Vgasc, evaporating temperature TeWith
Effective degree of superheat Tsup；
Four target components are the aim parameter of multivariable extremum search control method, and four Optimal Parameters are multivariable extreme value
The control amount of search control method；
When cooling in summer mode: the aim parameter of multivariable extremum search control method is respectively the coefficient of performance of air-conditioning system
COP value, refrigerating capacity QcAnd air conditioning exhausting temperature Tout, control amount is the operation high-voltage value P of systemh, vehicle external heat exchanger air quantity
Vgasc, evaporating temperature TeWith effective degree of superheat Tsup；The refrigerating capacity Q of air-conditioning systemcWith air conditioning exhausting temperature ToutSetting value difference
For Qc0And Tout0, multivariable extremum search control method under the premise of meeting refrigerating capacity not less than setting value, search out so that
Four when the performance parameter COP of system reaches maximum value control the optimal value of variable；And new-energy automobile is controlled with optimal value
Trans-critical cycle CO2Air-conditioning system operation；
When winter heating's mode: the aim parameter of multivariable extremum search control method is respectively the coefficient of performance of air-conditioning system
COP value, heating capacity QhWith air conditioning exhausting temperature Tout, control amount is the operation high-voltage value P of systemh, vehicle external heat exchanger air quantity
Vgasc, evaporating temperature TeWith effective degree of superheat Tsup；The heating capacity Q of air-conditioning systemhWith air conditioning exhausting temperature ToutSetting value difference
For Qh0And Tout0, multivariable extremum search control system under the premise of meeting heating capacity and leaving air temp not less than setting value,
It searches out so that four when the performance parameter COP of system reaches maximum value control the optimal value of variable；And it is controlled with optimal value
New-energy automobile Trans-critical cycle CO2Air-conditioning system operation.
Further, in the search process of variable, while the extreme value optimizing to multiple variables, to search out any item
The optimal air-conditioning system of performance under part inputs problem:
(Ph-opt(t),Vgasc-opt(t),Te-opt(t), Tsup-opt(t))=argminf (Ph, Pl,Vgasc,Te,Tsup,t)
Wherein: Ph, Vgasc,Te, TsupRespectively input control variable；
Ph-opt(t),Vgasc-opt(t),Te-opt(t),Tsup-optIt (t) is respectively output optimizing value；
f(Ph, Vgasc,Te,Tsup, t) and it is for static or slowly time-varying nonlinear system performance function.
Further, when cooling in summer mode: with the output quantity optimized operation high pressure of multivariable extremum search control method
Ph-opt, optimal vehicle external heat exchanger air quantity Vgasc-opt, optimal evaporating temperature Te-optAnd optimal effective degree of superheat Tsup-optIt is first
Value obtains the refrigerating capacity Q of air-conditioning system respectivelycWith air conditioning exhausting temperature Tout；
If refrigerating capacity and leaving air temp are unsatisfactory for Qc≥Qc0、Tout≤Tout0, then with △ Ph=0.1MPa, △ Vgasc=
10m3/h、△Te=0.2 DEG C, △ Tsup=0.2 DEG C is gradient, takes the i-th order value of four Optimal Parameters, i.e. P respectivelyh-opt-i、
Vgasc-opt-i、Te-opt-i、Tsup-opt-iAnd Ph-opt+i、Vgasc-opt+i、Te-opt+i、Tsup-opt+i；
Its numerical value is determined by following formula:
Ph-opt-i=Ph-opt-i·ΔPh
Vgasc-opt-i=Vgasc-opt-i·ΔVgasc
Te-opt-i=Te-opt-i·ΔTe
Tsup-opt-i=Tsup-opt-i·ΔTsup
Ph-opt+i=Ph-opt+i·ΔPh
Vgasc-opt+i=Vgasc-opt+i·ΔVgasc
Te-opt+i=Te-opt+i·ΔTe
Tsup-opt+i=Tsup-opt+i·ΔTsup
Wherein, i=1,2,3
Step 1: four Optimal Parameters have 3 values: P respectively as i=1h-opt、Ph-opt-1、Ph-opt+1、Vgasc-opt、
Vgasc-opt-1、Vgasc-opt+1、Te-opt、Te-opt-1、Te-opt+1、Tsup-opt、Tsup-opt-1、Tsup-opt+1, random to each Optimal Parameters
Value carries out permutation and combination and obtains totally 34Kind situation, obtains new-energy automobile Trans-critical cycle CO in each case respectively2Air-conditioning system
Refrigerating capacity QcWith air conditioning exhausting temperature ToutIf meeting Qc≥Qc0、Tout≤Tout0, then four Optimal Parameters values of the group are exported,
If multiple groups operating condition meets condition, output meets the corresponding maximum one group of Optimal Parameters value of COP in the operating condition of condition；
Step 2: if the result that step 1 obtains does not meet Qc≥Qc0、Tout≤Tout0, then enable i=2, at this time four it is excellent
Change parameter and increases separately two values, i.e. Ph-opt-2、Ph-opt+2、Vgasc-opt-2、Vgasc-opt+2、Te-opt-2、Te-opt+2、Tsup-opt-2、
Tsup-opt+2, permutation and combination then is carried out to each Optimal Parameters random value again and obtains 54Kind situation, obtains every kind of feelings respectively
New-energy automobile Trans-critical cycle CO under condition2The refrigerating capacity Q of air-conditioning systemcWith air conditioning exhausting temperature ToutIf meeting Qc≥Qc0、Tout≤
Tout0, then four Optimal Parameters values of the group are exported, if multiple groups operating condition meets condition, it is right that output meets institute in the operating condition of condition
Answer the maximum one group of Optimal Parameters value of COP；
Step 3: if the result that step 2 obtains does not meet Qc≥Qc0、Tout≤Tout0, then i=3 is enabled again, four at this time
Optimal Parameters increase separately two values, i.e. Ph-opt-3、Ph-opt+3、Vgasc-opt-3、Vgasc-opt+3、Te-opt-3、Te-opt+3、
Tsup-opt-3、Tsup-opt+3Seven values are shared respectively, and permutation and combination then is carried out to each Optimal Parameters random value again, is obtained
74Kind situation, obtains in each case, new-energy automobile Trans-critical cycle CO respectively2The refrigerating capacity Q of air-conditioning systemcWith air conditioning exhausting temperature
Spend ToutIf meeting Qc≥Qc0、Tout≤Tout0, then four Optimal Parameters values of the group are exported, if multiple groups operating condition meets condition,
Output meets the corresponding maximum one group of Optimal Parameters value of COP in the operating condition of condition；
Step 4: if the result that step 3 obtains does not meet Qc≥Qc0、Tout≤Tout0, then increase gradient value, take △ Ph1
=2 △ Ph, △ Vgasc1=2 △ Vgasc、△Te1=2 △ Te、△Tsup1=2 △ Tsup, above step one, two, three is repeated, if meeting
Qc≥Qc0、Tout≤Tout0, then four Optimal Parameters values of the group are exported, if multiple groups operating condition meets condition, output meets condition
Operating condition in the corresponding maximum one group of Optimal Parameters value of COP；
Step 5: if the result that step 4 obtains does not meet Qc≥Qc0、Tout≤Tout0, then increase gradient value again, take
△Ph2=4 △ Ph, △ Vgasc2=4 △ Vgasc、△Te2=4 △ Te、△Tsup2=4 △ Tsup, above step one, two, three is repeated,
If meeting Qc≥Qc0、Tout≤Tout0, then four Optimal Parameters values of the group are exported, if multiple groups operating condition meets condition, output is full
The corresponding maximum one group of Optimal Parameters value of COP in the operating condition of sufficient condition；
Step 6: if the result that step 5 obtains does not meet Qc≥Qc0、Tout≤Tout0, then the design of air conditioning is not
Rationally, there is no the optimum operating conditions for meeting refrigerating capacity or heating capacity, leaving air temp condition.
Further, when winter heating's mode: with the output quantity of multi-parameter extremum search control method: optimized operation high pressure
Ph-opt, optimal vehicle external heat exchanger air quantity Vgasc-opt, optimal evaporating temperature Te-optAnd optimal effective degree of superheat Tsup-optIt is first
Value obtains the heating capacity Q of air-conditioning system respectivelyhWith air conditioning exhausting temperature Tout；
If heating capacity and leaving air temp are unsatisfactory for Qc≥Qc0, Tout≥Tout0, then with △ Ph=0.1MPa, △ Vgasc=10m3/
h、△Te=0.2 DEG C, △ Tsup=0.2 DEG C is gradient, takes the i-th order value of four Optimal Parameters: P respectivelyh-opt-i、
Vgasc-opt-i、Te-opt-i、Tsup-opt-iAnd Ph-opt+i、Vgasc-opt+i、Te-opt+i、Tsup-opt+i；Its numerical value is determined by following formula:
Ph-opt-i=Ph-opt-i·ΔPh
Vgasc-opt-i=Vgasc-opt-i·ΔVgasc
Te-opt-i=Te-opt-i·ΔTe
Tsup-opt-i=Tsup-opt-i·ΔTsup
Ph-opt+i=Ph-opt+i·ΔPh
Vgasc-opt+i=Vgasc-opt+i·ΔVgasc
Te-opt+i=Te-opt+i·ΔTe
Tsup-opt+i=Tsup-opt+i·ΔTsup
Wherein, i=1,2,3
Step 1: four Optimal Parameters have 3 values, i.e. P respectively as i=1h-opt、Ph-opt-1、Ph-opt+1、Vgasc-opt、
Vgasc-opt-1、Vgasc-opt+1、Te-opt、Te-opt-1、Te-opt+1、Tsup-opt、Tsup-opt-1、Tsup-opt+1, random to each Optimal Parameters
Value carries out permutation and combination and obtains 34Kind situation, obtains new-energy automobile Trans-critical cycle CO in each case respectively2The system of air-conditioning system
Heat QhWith air conditioning exhausting temperature ToutIf meeting Qc≥Qc0, Tout≥Tout0, then four Optimal Parameters values of the group are exported, if more
Group operating condition meets condition, then output meets the corresponding maximum one group of Optimal Parameters value of COP in the operating condition of condition；
Step 2: if the result that step 1 obtains does not meet Qc≥Qc0, Tout≥Tout0, then i=2 is enabled again, four at this time
Optimal Parameters increase separately two values: Ph-opt-2、Ph-opt+2、Vgasc-opt-2、Vgasc-opt+2、Te-opt-2、Te-opt+2、Tsup-opt-2、
Tsup-opt+2, there are five values altogether respectively, then carry out permutation and combination to each Optimal Parameters random value again and obtain sharing 54Kind
Situation obtains in each case, new-energy automobile Trans-critical cycle CO respectively2The heating capacity Q of air-conditioning systemhWith air conditioning exhausting temperature
ToutIf meeting Qc≥Qc0, Tout≥Tout0, then four Optimal Parameters values of the group are exported, it is defeated if multiple groups operating condition meets condition
Meet the corresponding maximum one group of Optimal Parameters value of COP in the operating condition of condition out；
Step 3: if if the result that step 2 obtains does not meet Qc≥Qc0, Tout≥Tout0, then i=3 is enabled again, at this time four
A Optimal Parameters increase separately two values: Ph-opt-3、Ph-opt+3、Vgasc-opt-3、Vgasc-opt+3、Te-opt-3、Te-opt+3、
Tsup-opt-3、Tsup-opt+3Seven values are shared respectively, and permutation and combination then is carried out to each Optimal Parameters random value again and is obtained
Share 74Kind situation, obtains in each case, new-energy automobile Trans-critical cycle CO respectively2The heating capacity Q of air-conditioning systemhGo out with air-conditioning
Air temperature ToutIf meeting Qc≥Qc0, Tout≥Tout0, then four Optimal Parameters values of the group are exported, if multiple groups operating condition meets item
Part, then output meets the corresponding maximum one group of Optimal Parameters value of COP in the operating condition of condition；
Step 4: if the result that step 3 obtains does not meet Qc≥Qc0, Tout≥Tout0, then increase gradient value, take △ Ph1
=2 △ Ph, △ Vgasc1=2 △ Vgasc、△Te1=2 △ Te、△Tsup1=2 △ Tsup, above step is repeated, if meeting Qc≥Qc0,
Tout≥Tout0, then four Optimal Parameters values of the group are exported, if multiple groups operating condition meets condition, output meets the operating condition of condition
In the corresponding maximum one group of Optimal Parameters value of COP；
Step 5: if the result that step 4 obtains does not meet Qc≥Qc0, Tout≥Tout0, then increase gradient value again, take
△Ph2=4 △ Ph, △ Vgasc2=4 △ Vgasc、△Te2=4 △ Te、△Tsup2=4 △ Tsup, above step is repeated, if meeting Qc≥
Qc0, Tout≥Tout0, then four Optimal Parameters values of the group are exported, if multiple groups operating condition meets condition, output meets the work of condition
The corresponding maximum one group of Optimal Parameters value of COP in condition；
Step 6: if the result that step 5 obtains does not meet Qc≥Qc0, Tout≥Tout0, then the design of air conditioning is not
Rationally, there is no the optimum operating conditions for meeting refrigerating capacity or heating capacity, leaving air temp condition.
Further, new-energy automobile Trans-critical cycle CO2Coefficient of performance under air-conditioning system winter heating modehCalculating
Formula is as follows:
COPhFor the coefficient of performance of winter heating's mode air conditioning systems, no unit；
QhFor the heating capacity of air-conditioning system, unit K W；
WcFor the compressor wasted work of air-conditioning system, unit K W；
WfFor the total wasted work of blower of the interior external heat exchanger of air-conditioning system, unit K W.
Further, new-energy automobile Trans-critical cycle CO2Coefficient of performance under air-conditioning system cooling in summer modecCalculating
Formula is as follows:
COPcFor the coefficient of performance of cooling in summer mode air conditioning systems, no unit；
QcFor the heating capacity of air-conditioning system, unit K W；
WcFor the compressor wasted work of air-conditioning system, unit K W；
WfFor the total wasted work of blower of the interior external heat exchanger of air-conditioning system, unit K W.
Further, triple valve is aperture adjustable valve；
Obtain the operation high-voltage value P of optimal systemh-opt, vehicle external heat exchanger air quantity Vgasc-opt, evaporating temperature Te-optWith
Effective degree of superheat Tsup-optAfterwards, control control new-energy automobile Trans-critical cycle CO2Air-conditioning system operates under the operating condition of optimal value；
Wherein, new-energy automobile Trans-critical cycle CO is controlled2The operation high-voltage value P of air-conditioning systemhBy electronic expansion valve controls, vehicle
The air quantity V of external heat exchangergascBy the air-blower control of vehicle external heat exchanger, evaporating temperature TeBy the revolving speed control of compressor, effectively overheat
Spend Tsup-optIt is controlled by the mass flow by regenerator；The system by regenerator is adjusted by the aperture of regulating three-way valve
Cryogen flow, to control the degree of superheat.
Compared with the existing technology, the invention has the following advantages:
1. new-energy automotive air-conditioning refrigerant is mainly R134a, environmental-protecting performance is poor, has gradually faced the office being eliminated
Face.The refrigerant that new-energy automotive air-conditioning system of the invention uses is environmental-friendly for natural medium carbon dioxide；
2. present invention firstly provides what is combined using multi-parameter extremum search control algolithm with self learning neural networks
Control system carries out optimizing to four Optimal Parameters of air-conditioning system, then further provides the specific of four Optimal Parameters
Control strategy.
3. ensure that under the driving environment operating condition of various changeable complexity, new-energy automotive air-conditioning always can rapidly into
Row self-control meets comfort level requirement of the passenger to compartment under minimum energy consumption, in the shortest time, alleviates following energy
Source crisis.
Detailed description of the invention
The accompanying drawings constituting a part of this application is used to provide further understanding of the present invention, and of the invention shows
Examples and descriptions thereof are used to explain the present invention for meaning property, does not constitute improper limitations of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is a kind of new-energy automobile Trans-critical cycle CO of the present invention2The structural schematic diagram of air-conditioning system；
Fig. 2 is a kind of new-energy automobile Trans-critical cycle CO of the present invention2The multi-target multi-parameter optimal control method of air-conditioning system
Logic diagram；
Wherein: 1 compressor, 2 four-way reversing valves, 3 interior heat exchangers, 4 regenerators, 5 electric expansion valves, 6 vehicle external heat exchangers,
7 triple valves, 8 liquid storage devices.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.It should be noted that in the feelings not conflicted
Under condition, the features in the embodiments and the embodiments of the present application be can be combined with each other.
Following detailed description is exemplary explanation, it is intended to provide further be described in detail to the present invention.Unless another
It indicates, all technical terms of the present invention contain with the normally understood of the application one of ordinary skill in the art
Justice is identical.Term used in the present invention is merely to describe specific embodiment, and be not intended to limit according to the present invention
Illustrative embodiments.
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Refering to Figure 1, the present invention provides a kind of new-energy automobile Trans-critical cycle CO2Air-conditioning system, mainly comprising following
Component: compressor 1, four-way reversing valve 2, interior heat exchanger 3, regenerator 4, electric expansion valve 5, vehicle external heat exchanger 6, triple valve 7
With liquid storage device 8.The d mouth of the outlet of compressor 1 connection four-way reversing valve 2, the one of a mouth connection vehicle external heat exchanger 6 of four-way reversing valve 2
End, the c mouth of four-way reversing valve 2 are sequentially connected the first heat exchanging pipe and vehicle of interior heat exchanger 3, electric expansion valve 5, regenerator 4
The other end of external heat exchanger 6, the c mouth of the b mouth connection triple valve 7 of four-way reversing valve 2, a mouth of triple valve 7 pass through regenerator 4
Second heat exchanging pipe connects the import of liquid storage device 8, and the b mouth of triple valve 7 connect liquid storage with the second heat exchanging pipe of regenerator 4 jointly
The import of device 8, the import of the outlet connect compressor 1 of liquid storage device 8.
When cooling in summer operating condition, the port a of four-way reversing valve 2 is connected to the port d, and the port b is connected to the port c, triple valve 7
The port a with c be connected to, b port shutdown, refrigerant is compressed into high-temperature high-pressure state in compressor 1, passes through four-way reversing valve
2 end d and the end a enter outdoor heat exchanger 6, the low pressure after air heat-exchange, into the high pressure entry of regenerator 4, with regenerator 4
Cryogen in channel exchanges heat, and after throttling using electric expansion valve 5, becomes two phase fluids of low-temp low-pressure, flows
To interior heat exchanger 3, heat exchange is carried out with air and provides cooling capacity for compartment, reduces compartment temperature, then by four-way reversing valve 2
The port c and b flows into the port c of triple valve 7, then the low-pressure inlet of regenerator 4 is flowed to from the port a of triple valve 7, with regenerator 4
High-pressure channel in high temperature fluid enter in liquid storage device 8 after heat exchange heating, eventually pass back to the suction end of compressor 1.
When winter heating's operating condition, the port c of four-way reversing valve 2 is connected to the port d, and the port a is connected to the port b, triple valve 7
The port c with b be connected to, a port shutdown, refrigerant is compressed into high-temperature high-pressure state in compressor 1, passes through four-way reversing valve
Heat exchanger 3 carry out heat exchange with air and provide heat for compartment, increase compartment temperature with air heat-exchange into the car for 2 end d and the end c
Degree, then after the throttling of electric expansion valve 5, becomes two phase fluids of low-temp low-pressure, into the height indentation of regenerator 4
Mouthful, since the low-pressure channel of regenerator 4 has been bypassed by triple valve 7, so refrigerant is in regenerator substantially without heat exchange.Refrigeration
After agent continues to flow to vehicle external heat exchanger 6 and environment heat exchange, by the port a and b of four-way reversing valve 2, the end c of triple valve 7 is flowed into
Mouthful, then enter in liquid storage device 8 from the port b of triple valve 7, eventually pass back to the suction end of compressor 1.
New-energy automobile Trans-critical cycle CO2Air conditioner heat pump system includes following four target component: the performance demands of air-conditioning system
Number, refrigerating capacity, heating capacity and air conditioning exhausting temperature (Tout)；And following four Optimal Parameters: the operation high-voltage value of system
(Ph), the air quantity (V of vehicle external heat exchanger 6gasc, evaporating temperature TeWith effective degree of superheat Tsup).Wherein, four target components are changeable
The aim parameter of extremum search control method is measured, four Optimal Parameters are the control amount of multivariable extremum search control method.Due to
Air-conditioning system mainly has cooling in summer and winter heating's both of which, therefore specific control logic is divided into according to the function of air-conditioning system
Following two:
When critical-cross carbon dioxide new-energy automotive air-conditioning is in cooling in summer mode: multivariable extremum search control system
The aim parameter of system is respectively the coefficient of performance (i.e. COP value), the refrigerating capacity (Q of air-conditioning systemc) and air conditioning exhausting temperature (Tout), control
Amount processed is the operation high-voltage value (P of systemh), the air quantity (V of vehicle external heat exchangergasc), evaporating temperature (Te) and effective degree of superheat
(Tsup).Refrigerating capacity (the Q of air-conditioning systemc) and air conditioning exhausting temperature (Tout) set by producer or user, respectively Qc0And Tout0,
Multivariable extremum search control system is meeting refrigerating capacity not less than setting value (i.e. Qc≥Qc0), leaving air temp be not higher than setting value
Under the premise of (i.e. Tout≤Tout0), it searches out so that four when the performance parameter COP of system reaches maximum value control variables
Optimal value.
When critical-cross carbon dioxide new-energy automotive air-conditioning is in winter heating's mode: multivariable extremum search control system
The aim parameter of system is respectively the coefficient of performance (i.e. COP value), the heating capacity (Q of air-conditioning systemh) and air conditioning exhausting temperature (Tout), control
Amount processed is the operation high-voltage value (P of systemh), the air quantity (V of vehicle external heat exchangergasc), evaporating temperature (Te).The heating of air-conditioning system
Measure (Qh) and air conditioning exhausting temperature (Tout) set by producer or user, respectively Qh0And Tout0, multivariable extremum search control system
System (i.e. Q under the premise of meeting heating capacity and leaving air temp not less than setting valuec≥Qc0, Tout≥Tout0), it searches out so that being
Four when the performance parameter COP of system reaches maximum value control the optimal value of variable.
Multi-parameter extremum search control be for the extreme value optimizing in the search process of variable, while to multiple variables,
So that the optimal air-conditioning system of performance under the conditions of searching out arbitrarily inputs problem, it may be assumed that
(Ph-opt(t),Vgasc-opt(t),Te-opt(t), Tsup-opt(t))=argminf (Ph, Pl,Vgasc,Te,Tsup,t)
Wherein: Ph, Vgasc,Te, TsupThe respectively input control variable of control system；
Ph-opt(t),Vgasc-opt(t),Te-opt(t),Tsup-opt(t) be respectively control system output optimizing value；
f(Ph, Vgasc,Te,Tsup, t) and it is for static or slowly time-varying nonlinear system performance function.
The control of multi-parameter extremum search can only be directed to single goal optimizing, i.e., can only find out optimum optimization ginseng when COP maximum
Numerical value, therefore it is unable to ensure the cooling/heating amount of air-conditioning system and whether leaving air temp meets the requirements.Therefore also need additional self-study
Neural network is practised, specific control logic is as follows:
It please refers to shown in Fig. 2, when critical-cross carbon dioxide new-energy automotive air-conditioning is in cooling in summer mode: to join more
The output quantity optimized operation high pressure (P of number extremum search control methodh-opt), optimal vehicle external heat exchanger air quantity (Vgasc-opt), it is optimal
Evaporating temperature (Te-opt) and the optimal effective degree of superheat (Tsup-opt) it is initial value, the refrigerating capacity (Q of air-conditioning system is obtained respectivelyc) and
Air conditioning exhausting temperature (Tout), if not meeting refrigerating capacity not less than setting value (i.e. Qc≥Qc0), leaving air temp be not higher than setting value
(i.e. Tout≤Tout0), then with △ Ph=0.1MPa, △ Vgasc=10m3/h、△Te=0.2 DEG C, △ Tsup=0.2 DEG C is gradient, point
The i-th order value of four Optimal Parameters, i.e. P are not takenh-opt-i、Vgasc-opt-i、Te-opt-i、Tsup-opt-iAnd Ph-opt+i、Vgasc-opt+i、
Te-opt+i、Tsup-opt+i。
Its numerical value is determined by following formula:
Ph-opt-i=Ph-opt-i·ΔPh
Vgasc-opt-i=Vgasc-opt-i·ΔVgasc
Te-opt-i=Te-opt-i·ΔTe
Tsup-opt-i=Tsup-opt-i·ΔTsup
Ph-opt+i=Ph-opt+i·ΔPh
Vgasc-opt+i=Vgasc-opt+i·ΔVgasc
Te-opt+i=Te-opt+i·ΔTe
Tsup-opt+i=Tsup-opt+i·ΔTsup
Wherein, i=1,2,3
As i=1, four Optimal Parameters have 3 values, i.e. P respectivelyh-opt、Ph-opt-1、Ph-opt+1、Vgasc-opt、
Vgasc-opt-1、Vgasc-opt+1、Te-opt、Te-opt-1、Te-opt+1、Tsup-opt、Tsup-opt-1、Tsup-opt+1, to each Optimal Parameters with
Machine value, carries out permutation and combination, and totally 34Kind situation, obtains the refrigerating capacity (Q in each case, air-conditioning system respectivelyc) and air-conditioning go out
Air temperature (Tout), if meeting refrigerating capacity not less than setting value (i.e. Qc≥Qc0), leaving air temp be not higher than setting value (i.e. Tout≤
Tout0), then four Optimal Parameters values of the group are exported, if multiple groups operating condition meets condition, output meets institute in the operating condition of condition
Corresponding maximum one group of COP；
If not meeting refrigerating capacity not less than setting value (i.e. Qc≥Qc0), leaving air temp be not higher than setting value (i.e. Tout≤
Tout0), then i=2 is enabled again, and four Optimal Parameters increase separately two values, i.e. P at this timeh-opt-2、Ph-opt+2、Vgasc-opt-2、
Vgasc-opt+2、Te-opt-2、Te-opt+2、Tsup-opt-2、Tsup-opt+2Respectively altogether there are five value, then again to each Optimal Parameters with
Machine value carries out permutation and combination, shares 54Kind situation, obtains the refrigerating capacity (Q in each case, air-conditioning system respectivelyc) and air-conditioning
Leaving air temp (Tout), if meeting refrigerating capacity not less than setting value (i.e. Qc≥Qc0), leaving air temp is not higher than under the premise of setting value
(i.e. Tout≤Tout0), then four Optimal Parameters values of the group are exported, if multiple groups operating condition meets condition, output meets condition
Maximum one group of corresponding COP in operating condition；
If not meeting refrigerating capacity not less than setting value (i.e. Qc≥Qc0), leaving air temp be not higher than setting value (i.e. Tout≤
Tout0), then i=3 is enabled again, and four Optimal Parameters increase separately two values, i.e. P at this timeh-opt-3、Ph-opt+3、Vgasc-opt-3、
Vgasc-opt+3、Te-opt-3、Te-opt+3、Tsup-opt-3、Tsup-opt+3Share seven values respectively, then again to each Optimal Parameters with
Machine value carries out permutation and combination, shares 74Kind situation, obtains the refrigerating capacity (Q in each case, air-conditioning system respectivelyc) and air-conditioning
Leaving air temp (Tout), if meeting refrigerating capacity not less than setting value (i.e. Qc≥Qc0), leaving air temp is not higher than under the premise of setting value
(i.e. Tout≤Tout0), then four Optimal Parameters values of the group are exported, if multiple groups operating condition meets condition, output meets condition
Maximum one group of corresponding COP in operating condition；
If not meeting refrigerating capacity not less than setting value (i.e. Qc≥Qc0), leaving air temp be not higher than setting value (i.e. Tout≤
Tout0), then increase gradient value, takes △ Ph1=2 △ Ph, △ Vgasc1=2 △ Vgasc、△Te1=2 △ Te、△Tsup1=2 △ Tsup, weight
Multiple above step, if meeting refrigerating capacity not less than setting value (i.e. Qc≥Qc0), leaving air temp not higher than under the premise of setting value (i.e.
Tout≤Tout0), then four Optimal Parameters values of the group are exported, if multiple groups operating condition meets condition, output meets the operating condition of condition
In maximum one group of corresponding COP；
If not meeting refrigerating capacity not less than setting value (i.e. Qc≥Qc0), leaving air temp be not higher than setting value (i.e. Tout≤
Tout0), then increase gradient value again, takes △ Ph2=4 △ Ph, △ Vgasc2=4 △ Vgasc、△Te2=4 △ Te、△Tsup2=4 △
Tsup, above step is repeated, if meeting refrigerating capacity not less than setting value (i.e. Qc >=Qc0), leaving air temp is not higher than before setting value
Put (i.e. Tout≤Tout0), then four Optimal Parameters values of the group are exported, if multiple groups operating condition meets condition, output meets item
Maximum one group of corresponding COP in the operating condition of part；
If not meeting refrigerating capacity not less than setting value (i.e. Qc≥Qc0), leaving air temp be not higher than setting value (i.e. Tout≤
Tout0), then the design of air conditioning is unreasonable, there is no the optimum operating condition for meeting refrigerating capacity or heating capacity, leaving air temp condition,
Need to re-start component design.
When critical-cross carbon dioxide new-energy automotive air-conditioning is in winter heating's mode: with the control of multi-parameter extremum search
The output quantity optimized operation high pressure (P of methodh-opt), optimal vehicle external heat exchanger air quantity (Vgasc-opt), optimal evaporating temperature (Te-opt)
And the optimal effective degree of superheat (Tsup-opt) it is initial value, the heating capacity (Q of air-conditioning system is obtained respectivelyh) and air conditioning exhausting temperature
(Tout), if refrigerating capacity and leaving air temp are unsatisfactory for heating capacity and leaving air temp not less than setting value (i.e. Qc≥Qc0, Tout≥
Tout0), then with △ Ph=0.1MPa, △ Vgasc=10m3/h、△Te=0.2 DEG C, △ Tsup=0.2 DEG C is gradient, takes four respectively
I-th order value of Optimal Parameters, i.e. Ph-opt-i、Vgasc-opt-i、Te-opt-i、Tsup-opt-iAnd Ph-opt+i、Vgasc-opt+i、Te-opt+i、
Tsup-opt+i.Its numerical value is determined by following formula:
Ph-opt-i=Ph-opt-i·ΔPh
Vgasc-opt-i=Vgasc-opt-i·ΔVgasc
Te-opt-i=Te-opt-i·ΔTe
Tsup-opt-i=Tsup-opt-i·ΔTsup
Ph-opt+i=Ph-opt+i·ΔPh
Vgasc-opt+i=Vgasc-opt+i·ΔVgasc
Te-opt+i=Te-opt+i·ΔTe
Tsup-opt+i=Tsup-opt+i·ΔTsup
Wherein, i=1,2,3
As i=1, four Optimal Parameters have 3 values, i.e. P respectivelyh-opt、Ph-opt-1、Ph-opt+1、Vgasc-opt、
Vgasc-opt-1、Vgasc-opt+1、Te-opt、Te-opt-1、Te-opt+1、Tsup-opt、Tsup-opt-1、Tsup-opt+1, to each Optimal Parameters with
Machine value, carries out permutation and combination, and totally 34Kind situation, obtains the heating capacity (Q in each case, air-conditioning system respectivelyh) and air-conditioning go out
Air temperature (Tout), if meeting heating capacity and leaving air temp not less than setting value (i.e. Qc≥Qc0, Tout≥Tout0), then export the group
Four Optimal Parameters values, if multiple groups operating condition meets condition, output meets corresponding COP maximum one in the operating condition of condition
Group；
If not meeting heating capacity and leaving air temp not less than setting value (i.e. Qc≥Qc0, Tout≥Tout0), then i=is enabled again
2, four Optimal Parameters increase separately two values, i.e. P at this timeh-opt-2、Ph-opt+2、Vgasc-opt-2、Vgasc-opt+2、Te-opt-2、
Te-opt+2、Tsup-opt-2、Tsup-opt+2Then each Optimal Parameters random value is arranged again there are five value altogether respectively
Combination, shares 54Kind situation, obtains the heating capacity (Q in each case, air-conditioning system respectivelyh) and air conditioning exhausting temperature (Tout),
If meeting heating capacity and leaving air temp not less than setting value (i.e. Qc≥Qc0, Tout≥Tout0), then export four optimizations ginseng of the group
Numerical value, if multiple groups operating condition meets condition, output meets maximum one group of corresponding COP in the operating condition of condition；
If not meeting heating capacity and leaving air temp not less than setting value (i.e. Qc≥Qc0, Tout≥Tout0), then i=is enabled again
3, four Optimal Parameters increase separately two values, i.e. P at this timeh-opt-3、Ph-opt+3、Vgasc-opt-3、Vgasc-opt+3、Te-opt-3、
Te-opt+3、Tsup-opt-3、Tsup-opt+3Seven values are shared respectively, and then each Optimal Parameters random value is arranged again
Combination, shares 74Kind situation, obtains the heating capacity (Q in each case, air-conditioning system respectivelyh) and air conditioning exhausting temperature (Tout),
If meeting heating capacity and leaving air temp not less than (i.e. Q under the premise of setting valuec≥Qc0, Tout≥Tout0), then export the four of the group
A Optimal Parameters value, if multiple groups operating condition meets condition, output meets maximum one group of corresponding COP in the operating condition of condition；
If not meeting heating capacity and leaving air temp not less than setting value (i.e. Qc≥Qc0, Tout≥Tout0), then increase gradient
Value, takes △ Ph1=2 △ Ph, △ Vgasc1=2 △ Vgasc、△Te1=2 △ Te、△Tsup1=2 △ Tsup, above step is repeated, if full
Requirement described in sufficient right one, i.e. heating capacity and leaving air temp are not less than (i.e. Q under the premise of setting valuec≥Qc0, Tout≥
Tout0), then four Optimal Parameters values of the group are exported, if multiple groups operating condition meets condition, output meets institute in the operating condition of condition
Corresponding maximum one group of COP；
If not meeting heating capacity and leaving air temp not less than setting value (i.e. Qc≥Qc0, Tout≥Tout0), then increase again
Gradient value takes △ Ph2=4 △ Ph, △ Vgasc2=4 △ Vgasc、△Te2=4 △ Te、△Tsup2=4 △ Tsup, above step is repeated,
If meeting heating capacity and leaving air temp not less than (i.e. Q under the premise of setting valuec≥Qc0, Tout≥Tout0), then export the four of the group
A Optimal Parameters value, if multiple groups operating condition meets condition, output meets maximum one group of corresponding COP in the operating condition of condition；
If not meeting heating capacity and leaving air temp not less than setting value (i.e. Qc≥Qc0, Tout≥Tout0), then the air-conditioning system
System design is unreasonable, there is no the optimum operating condition for meeting refrigerating capacity or heating capacity, leaving air temp condition, needs to re-start component
Design.
In the present invention, for each group of Optimal Parameters value, such as Ph-opt、Vgasc-opt、Te-opt、Tsup-optObtain air-conditioning system
Heating capacity (the Q of systemh) and air conditioning exhausting temperature (Tout) mode are as follows: the air quantity of the interior heat exchanger of air conditioning for automobiles is set by producer
Determine range, user selects.Therefore after four parameters more than air-conditioning system is fixed and car intake volume, system circulation
It can be obtained by dynamic simulation or user data library inquiry.Wherein refrigerating capacity (Qc), heating capacity (Qh) and air conditioning exhausting temperature (Tout)
Three is that the intrinsic parameter of system calculates, depending on system itself.The calculation formula of the coefficient of performance (i.e. COP value) of air-conditioning system
It is as follows:
Wherein: COPhFor the performance of winter heating's mode air conditioning systems, no unit；
QhFor the heating capacity of air-conditioning system, unit K W；
WcFor the compressor wasted work of air-conditioning system, unit K W；
WfFor the total wasted work of blower of the interior external heat exchanger of air-conditioning system, unit K W；
COPcFor the performance of cooling in summer mode air conditioning systems, no unit；
QcFor the heating capacity of air-conditioning system, unit K W；
In the present invention, triple valve 7 is aperture adjustable valve.To get arriving after multivariable extremum search control system optimizing
Operation high-voltage value (the P of optimal systemh-opt), the air quantity (V of vehicle external heat exchangergasc-opt), evaporating temperature (Te-opt) and effective mistake
Temperature (Tsup-opt) after, control air-conditioning system operates under the operating condition of optimal value.Wherein, the operation high-voltage value (P of systemh) by saving
Flow the aperture control of valve, the air quantity (V of vehicle external heat exchangergasc) air-blower control, evaporating temperature (T by vehicle external heat exchangere) by compressing
The revolving speed control of machine, the effective degree of superheat (Tsup-opt) controlled by the mass flow by regenerator, that is, pass through regulating three-way valve 7
Aperture adjust the refrigerant flow by regenerator, to achieve the purpose that control the degree of superheat.
As known by the technical knowledge, the present invention can pass through the embodiment party of other essence without departing from its spirit or essential feature
Case is realized.Therefore, embodiment disclosed above, in all respects are merely illustrative, not the only.Institute
Have within the scope of the present invention or is included in the invention in the change being equal in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of Trans-critical cycle CO2Air conditioner heat pump system characterized by comprising compressor (1), four-way reversing valve (2), car change
Hot device (3), regenerator (4), electric expansion valve (5), vehicle external heat exchanger (6), triple valve (7) and liquid storage device (8)；
The d mouth of compressor (1) outlet connection four-way reversing valve (2), a mouth connection vehicle external heat exchanger (6) of four-way reversing valve (2)
One end, the c mouth of four-way reversing valve (2) are sequentially connected interior heat exchanger (3), electric expansion valve (5), regenerator (4) and first change
The other end of pipe line and vehicle external heat exchanger (6), the c mouth of b mouth connection triple valve (7) of four-way reversing valve (2), triple valve (7)
A mouth by the import of second heat exchanging pipe of regenerator (4) connection liquid storage device (8), b mouth of triple valve (7) and regenerator (4)
The second heat exchanging pipe connect the imports of liquid storage device (8), the import of the outlet connect compressor (1) of liquid storage device (8) jointly.
2. a kind of Trans-critical cycle CO described in claim 12The optimal control method of air conditioner heat pump system, which is characterized in that using more
Variable extremum search control method optimizes, comprising:
Four target components: the coefficient of performance value of air-conditioning system, refrigerating capacity Qc, heating capacity QhWith air conditioning exhausting temperature Tout；
Four Optimal Parameters: the operation high-voltage value P of air-conditioning systemh, vehicle external heat exchanger air quantity Vgasc, evaporating temperature TeWith it is effective
Degree of superheat Tsup；
Four target components are the aim parameter of multivariable extremum search control method, and four Optimal Parameters are multivariable extremum search
The control amount of control method；
When cooling in summer mode: the aim parameter of multivariable extremum search control method is respectively the coefficient of performance of air-conditioning system
Value, refrigerating capacity QcAnd air conditioning exhausting temperature Tout, control amount is the operation high-voltage value P of systemh, vehicle external heat exchanger air quantity Vgasc、
Evaporating temperature TeWith effective degree of superheat Tsup；The refrigerating capacity Q of air-conditioning systemcWith air conditioning exhausting temperature ToutSetting value be respectively Qc0
And Tout0, multivariable extremum search control method searches out under the premise of meeting refrigerating capacity not less than setting value so that system
Four control variable of performance parameter COP when reaching maximum value optimal value；And with optimal value control new-energy automobile across facing
Boundary CO2Air-conditioning system operation；
When winter heating's mode: the aim parameter of multivariable extremum search control method is respectively the coefficient of performance of air-conditioning system
Value, heating capacity QhWith air conditioning exhausting temperature Tout, control amount is the operation high-voltage value P of systemh, vehicle external heat exchanger air quantity Vgasc、
Evaporating temperature TeWith effective degree of superheat Tsup；The heating capacity Q of air-conditioning systemhWith air conditioning exhausting temperature ToutSetting value be respectively Qh0
And Tout0, multivariable extremum search control system is under the premise of meeting heating capacity and leaving air temp not less than setting value, searching
To so that four when the performance parameter COP of system reaches maximum value control the optimal value of variable；And new energy is controlled with optimal value
Source automobile Trans-critical cycle CO2Air-conditioning system operation.
3. optimal control method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that in the search process of variable, while to more
The extreme value optimizing of a variable, so that the optimal air-conditioning system of performance under the conditions of searching out arbitrarily inputs problem:
(Ph-opt(t),Vgasc-opt(t),Te-opt(t), Tsup-opt(t))=arg min f (Ph, Pl,Vgasc,Te,Tsup,t)
Wherein: Ph, Vgasc,Te, TsupRespectively input control variable；
Ph-opt(t),Vgasc-opt(t),Te-opt(t),Tsup-optIt (t) is respectively output optimizing value；
f(Ph, Vgasc,Te,Tsup, t) and it is for static or slowly time-varying nonlinear system performance function.
4. optimal control method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that when cooling in summer mode: with multivariable extreme value
The output quantity optimized operation high pressure P of search control methodh-opt, optimal vehicle external heat exchanger air quantity Vgasc-opt, optimal evaporating temperature
Te-optAnd optimal effective degree of superheat Tsup-optFor initial value, the refrigerating capacity Q of air-conditioning system is obtained respectivelycWith air conditioning exhausting temperature
Tout；
If refrigerating capacity and leaving air temp are unsatisfactory for Qc≥Qc0、Tout≤Tout0, then with △ Ph=0.1MPa, △ Vgasc=10m3/h、△
Te=0.2 DEG C, △ Tsup=0.2 DEG C is gradient, takes the i-th order value of four Optimal Parameters, i.e. P respectivelyh-opt-i、Vgasc-opt-i、
Te-opt-i、Tsup-opt-iAnd Ph-opt+i、Vgasc-opt+i、Te-opt+i、Tsup-opt+i；
Its numerical value is determined by following formula:
Ph-opt-i=Ph-opt-i·ΔPh
Vgasc-opt-i=Vgasc-opt-i·ΔVgasc
Te-opt-i=Te-opt-i·ΔTe
Tsup-opt-i=Tsup-opt-i·ΔTsup
Ph-opt+i=Ph-opt+i·ΔPh
Vgasc-opt+i=Vgasc-opt+i·ΔVgasc
Te-opt+i=Te-opt+i·ΔTe
Tsup-opt+i=Tsup-opt+i·ΔTsup
Wherein, i=1,2,3
Step 1: four Optimal Parameters have 3 values: P respectively as i=1h-opt、Ph-opt-1、Ph-opt+1、Vgasc-opt、
Vgasc-opt-1、Vgasc-opt+1、Te-opt、Te-opt-1、Te-opt+1、Tsup-opt、Tsup-opt-1、Tsup-opt+1, random to each Optimal Parameters
Value carries out permutation and combination and obtains totally 34Kind situation, obtains new-energy automobile Trans-critical cycle CO in each case respectively2Air-conditioning system
Refrigerating capacity QcWith air conditioning exhausting temperature ToutIf meeting Qc≥Qc0、Tout≤Tout0, then four Optimal Parameters values of the group are exported,
If multiple groups operating condition meets condition, output meets the corresponding maximum one group of Optimal Parameters value of COP in the operating condition of condition；
Step 2: if the result that step 1 obtains does not meet Qc≥Qc0、Tout≤Tout0, then i=2 is enabled, at this time four optimization ginsengs
Number increases separately two values, i.e. Ph-opt-2、Ph-opt+2、Vgasc-opt-2、Vgasc-opt+2、Te-opt-2、Te-opt+2、Tsup-opt-2、
Tsup-opt+2, permutation and combination then is carried out to each Optimal Parameters random value again and obtains 54Kind situation, obtains every kind of feelings respectively
New-energy automobile Trans-critical cycle CO under condition2The refrigerating capacity Q of air-conditioning systemcWith air conditioning exhausting temperature ToutIf meeting Qc≥Qc0、Tout≤
Tout0, then four Optimal Parameters values of the group are exported, if multiple groups operating condition meets condition, it is right that output meets institute in the operating condition of condition
Answer the maximum one group of Optimal Parameters value of COP；
Step 3: if the result that step 2 obtains does not meet Qc≥Qc0、Tout≤Tout0, then i=3 is enabled again, at this time four optimization
Parameter increases separately two values, i.e. Ph-opt-3、Ph-opt+3、Vgasc-opt-3、Vgasc-opt+3、Te-opt-3、Te-opt+3、Tsup-opt-3、
Tsup-opt+3Seven values are shared respectively, and permutation and combination then is carried out to each Optimal Parameters random value again, obtains 74Kind feelings
Condition obtains in each case, new-energy automobile Trans-critical cycle CO respectively2The refrigerating capacity Q of air-conditioning systemcWith air conditioning exhausting temperature Tout,
If meeting Qc≥Qc0、Tout≤Tout0, then four Optimal Parameters values of the group are exported, if multiple groups operating condition meets condition, output is full
The corresponding maximum one group of Optimal Parameters value of COP in the operating condition of sufficient condition；
Step 4: if the result that step 3 obtains does not meet Qc≥Qc0、Tout≤Tout0, then increase gradient value, take △ Ph1=2
△Ph, △ Vgasc1=2 △ Vgasc、△Te1=2 △ Te、△Tsup1=2 △ Tsup, above step one, two, three is repeated, if meeting Qc
≥Qc0、Tout≤Tout0, then four Optimal Parameters values of the group are exported, if multiple groups operating condition meets condition, output meets condition
The corresponding maximum one group of Optimal Parameters value of COP in operating condition；
Step 5: if the result that step 4 obtains does not meet Qc≥Qc0、Tout≤Tout0, then increase gradient value again, take △ Ph2
=4 △ Ph, △ Vgasc2=4 △ Vgasc、△Te2=4 △ Te、△Tsup2=4 △ Tsup, above step one, two, three is repeated, if meeting
Qc≥Qc0、Tout≤Tout0, then four Optimal Parameters values of the group are exported, if multiple groups operating condition meets condition, output meets condition
Operating condition in the corresponding maximum one group of Optimal Parameters value of COP；
Step 6: if the result that step 5 obtains does not meet Qc≥Qc0、Tout≤Tout0, then the design of air conditioning is unreasonable,
There is no the optimum operating conditions for meeting refrigerating capacity or heating capacity, leaving air temp condition.
5. optimal control method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that when winter heating's mode: with multi-parameter extreme value
The output quantity of search control method: optimized operation high pressure Ph-opt, optimal vehicle external heat exchanger air quantity Vgasc-opt, optimal evaporating temperature
Te-optAnd optimal effective degree of superheat Tsup-optFor initial value, the heating capacity Q of air-conditioning system is obtained respectivelyhWith air conditioning exhausting temperature
Tout；
If heating capacity and leaving air temp are unsatisfactory for Qc≥Qc0, Tout≥Tout0, then with △ Ph=0.1MPa, △ Vgasc=10m3/h、△
Te=0.2 DEG C, △ Tsup=0.2 DEG C is gradient, takes the i-th order value of four Optimal Parameters: P respectivelyh-opt-i、Vgasc-opt-i、
Te-opt-i、Tsup-opt-iAnd Ph-opt+i、Vgasc-opt+i、Te-opt+i、Tsup-opt+i；Its numerical value is determined by following formula:
Ph-opt-i=Ph-opt-i·ΔPh
Vgasc-opt-i=Vgasc-opt-i·ΔVgasc
Te-opt-i=Te-opt-i·ΔTe
Tsup-opt-i=Tsup-opt-i·ΔTsup
Ph-opt+i=Ph-opt+i·ΔPh
Vgasc-opt+i=Vgasc-opt+i·ΔVgasc
Te-opt+i=Te-opt+i·ΔTe
Tsup-opt+i=Tsup-opt+i·ΔTsup
Wherein, i=1,2,3
Step 1: four Optimal Parameters have 3 values, i.e. P respectively as i=1h-opt、Ph-opt-1、Ph-opt+1、Vgasc-opt、
Vgasc-opt-1、Vgasc-opt+1、Te-opt、Te-opt-1、Te-opt+1、Tsup-opt、Tsup-opt-1、Tsup-opt+1, random to each Optimal Parameters
Value carries out permutation and combination and obtains 34Kind situation, obtains new-energy automobile Trans-critical cycle CO in each case respectively2The system of air-conditioning system
Heat QhWith air conditioning exhausting temperature ToutIf meeting Qc≥Qc0, Tout≥Tout0, then four Optimal Parameters values of the group are exported, if more
Group operating condition meets condition, then output meets the corresponding maximum one group of Optimal Parameters value of COP in the operating condition of condition；
Step 2: if the result that step 1 obtains does not meet Qc≥Qc0, Tout≥Tout0, then i=2 is enabled again, at this time four optimization
Parameter increases separately two values: Ph-opt-2、Ph-opt+2、Vgasc-opt-2、Vgasc-opt+2、Te-opt-2、Te-opt+2、Tsup-opt-2、
Tsup-opt+2, there are five values altogether respectively, then carry out permutation and combination to each Optimal Parameters random value again and obtain sharing 54Kind
Situation obtains in each case, new-energy automobile Trans-critical cycle CO respectively2The heating capacity Q of air-conditioning systemhWith air conditioning exhausting temperature
ToutIf meeting Qc≥Qc0, Tout≥Tout0, then four Optimal Parameters values of the group are exported, it is defeated if multiple groups operating condition meets condition
Meet the corresponding maximum one group of Optimal Parameters value of COP in the operating condition of condition out；
Step 3: if if the result that step 2 obtains does not meet Qc≥Qc0, Tout≥Tout0, then enable i=3 again, at this time four it is excellent
Change parameter and increase separately two values: Ph-opt-3、Ph-opt+3、Vgasc-opt-3、Vgasc-opt+3、Te-opt-3、Te-opt+3、Tsup-opt-3、
Tsup-opt+3Seven values are shared respectively, and permutation and combination then is carried out to each Optimal Parameters random value again and obtains sharing 74Kind
Situation obtains in each case, new-energy automobile Trans-critical cycle CO respectively2The heating capacity Q of air-conditioning systemhWith air conditioning exhausting temperature
ToutIf meeting Qc≥Qc0, Tout≥Tout0, then four Optimal Parameters values of the group are exported, it is defeated if multiple groups operating condition meets condition
Meet the corresponding maximum one group of Optimal Parameters value of COP in the operating condition of condition out；
Step 4: if the result that step 3 obtains does not meet Qc≥Qc0, Tout≥Tout0, then increase gradient value, take △ Ph1=2
△Ph, △ Vgasc1=2 △ Vgasc、△Te1=2 △ Te、△Tsup1=2 △ Tsup, above step is repeated, if meeting Qc≥Qc0, Tout
≥Tout0, then four Optimal Parameters values of the group are exported, if multiple groups operating condition meets condition, output meets institute in the operating condition of condition
The corresponding maximum one group of Optimal Parameters value of COP；
Step 5: if the result that step 4 obtains does not meet Qc≥Qc0, Tout≥Tout0, then increase gradient value again, take △ Ph2
=4 △ Ph, △ Vgasc2=4 △ Vgasc、△Te2=4 △ Te、△Tsup2=4 △ Tsup, above step is repeated, if meeting Qc≥Qc0,
Tout≥Tout0, then four Optimal Parameters values of the group are exported, if multiple groups operating condition meets condition, output meets the operating condition of condition
In the corresponding maximum one group of Optimal Parameters value of COP；
Step 6: if the result that step 5 obtains does not meet Qc≥Qc0, Tout≥Tout0, then the design of air conditioning is unreasonable,
There is no the optimum operating conditions for meeting refrigerating capacity or heating capacity, leaving air temp condition.
6. optimal control method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that new-energy automobile Trans-critical cycle CO2The air-conditioning system winter
Coefficient of performance under season heating modehCalculation formula it is as follows:
COPhFor the coefficient of performance of winter heating's mode air conditioning systems, no unit；
QhFor the heating capacity of air-conditioning system, unit K W；
WcFor the compressor wasted work of air-conditioning system, unit K W；
WfFor the total wasted work of blower of the interior external heat exchanger of air-conditioning system, unit K W.
7. optimal control method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that new-energy automobile Trans-critical cycle CO2The air-conditioning system summer
Coefficient of performance under season refrigeration modecCalculation formula it is as follows:
COPcFor the coefficient of performance of cooling in summer mode air conditioning systems, no unit；
QcFor the heating capacity of air-conditioning system, unit K W；
WcFor the compressor wasted work of air-conditioning system, unit K W；
WfFor the total wasted work of blower of the interior external heat exchanger of air-conditioning system, unit K W.
8. optimal control method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that triple valve (7) is aperture adjustable valve；
Obtain the operation high-voltage value P of optimal systemh-opt, vehicle external heat exchanger air quantity Vgasc-opt, evaporating temperature Te-optWith it is effective
Degree of superheat Tsup-optAfterwards, control control new-energy automobile Trans-critical cycle CO2Air-conditioning system operates under the operating condition of optimal value；
Wherein, new-energy automobile Trans-critical cycle CO is controlled2The operation high-voltage value P of air-conditioning systemhOutside by electromagnetic expanding valve (5) control, vehicle
The air quantity V of heat exchanger (6)gascBy the air-blower control of vehicle external heat exchanger (6), evaporating temperature TeControlled by the revolving speed of compressor (1),
Effective degree of superheat Tsup-optIt is controlled by the mass flow by regenerator (4)；It is adjusted by the aperture of regulating three-way valve (7)
By the refrigerant flow of regenerator (4), to control the degree of superheat.
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| CN111251822A (en) * | 2020-01-19 | 2020-06-09 | 西安交通大学 | Transcritical carbon dioxide reverse defrosting system and control method thereof |
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| CN112432376A (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2021-03-02 | 同济大学 | Carbon dioxide refrigerating and freezing system and intelligent switching-mixing control method |
| CN113619355A (en) * | 2021-08-18 | 2021-11-09 | 西安交通大学 | Electric vehicle heat management system and method based on transcritical carbon dioxide heat pump air conditioner |
| CN113619355B (en) * | 2021-08-18 | 2022-12-30 | 西安交通大学 | Electric vehicle heat management system and method based on transcritical carbon dioxide heat pump air conditioner |
| CN114815927A (en) * | 2022-05-24 | 2022-07-29 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司泰州供电分公司 | Large power supply temperature control system of power distribution station |
| CN114815927B (en) * | 2022-05-24 | 2024-01-09 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司泰州供电分公司 | Large-scale power supply temperature control system of power distribution station |
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