CN110527907A - 550 grades of wear-resistant composite boards of one kind and its production method - Google Patents
550 grades of wear-resistant composite boards of one kind and its production method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110527907A CN110527907A CN201910821785.1A CN201910821785A CN110527907A CN 110527907 A CN110527907 A CN 110527907A CN 201910821785 A CN201910821785 A CN 201910821785A CN 110527907 A CN110527907 A CN 110527907A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
- B21B1/38—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling sheets of limited length, e.g. folded sheets, superimposed sheets, pack rolling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
- B21C37/02—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of sheets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/01—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic
- B32B15/011—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic all layers being formed of iron alloys or steels
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/20—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/22—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/26—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with niobium or tantalum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/28—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with titanium or zirconium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/32—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with boron
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/48—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with niobium or tantalum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/50—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with titanium or zirconium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/54—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with boron
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
- B21B1/38—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling sheets of limited length, e.g. folded sheets, superimposed sheets, pack rolling
- B21B2001/386—Plates
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Abstract
The present invention discloses 550 grades of wear-resistant composite boards of one kind and its production method.Composite plate is made of substrate and multiple material, and substrate is low-carbon low-alloy steel；Multiple material is 550 rank abrasion-resistant stees.Composite billet is extracted and carries out vacuum electron beam sealing welding after vacuum, welding procedure is that rush-harvesting and rush-planting links, and when weld of every weld seam, is classified as N sections, N >=5, every segment length is 200~400mm；" center heating " mode is used when composite billet heats, and so that composite billet is in the mode that is directly heated and conducting around by center and is heated up；Composite billet improves composite billet end to end 40~50 DEG C of flame hole temperature at upper surface 1~2 hour before coming out of the stove；Finished product composite plate is with a thickness of 20~100mm.Composite plate composite surface shear strength >=502MPa, Percentage bound 100%, composite layer Brinell hardness >=535, room temperature impact function >=118J are applied in equipment easy to wear.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metal material processing technical field, be related specifically to a kind of application vacuum it is compound+rolling technique is raw
The preparation method of the 550 grades of wear-resistant composite boards and the composite plate that produce.
Background technique
Compound wear-resisting steel plates are a kind of wearing composite materials produced using advanced composite manufacturing technology, are industrial circle elder generations
Into wearing composite material.Since the substrate of Wear-Resistant Compound Steel Plate uses plasticity and toughness general carbon low alloy steel well, can rushed
Energy is absorbed during hitting, thus, Wear-Resistant Compound Steel Plate has very strong shock resistance and crack resistance compared with simple substance abrasion-resistant stee
Can, adaptable vibration is impacted under stronger working condition.Meanwhile standard-sized steel can be made in Wear-Resistant Compound Steel Plate
Plate, it is light-weight, it is easy to process flexible.Due to use soft substrate plate, thus can inside cold bending, can with plasma arc,
The cutting of the heat sources such as carbon arc.In addition, although clad steel plate is higher than general steel plate, its service life because of material and technological reason price
Greatly improve so that equipment downtime repair time and maintenance cost under abrasion environment is applied to be greatly reduced.It is estimated that multiple
The cost performance for closing steel plate is about 2~4 times higher than common wear-resisting steel plate, and material handling capacity is bigger, and the more serious enterprise of equipment attrition makes
It is more obvious with the economic benefit of clad steel plate.Therefore, compound wear-resisting steel plates are widely used in metallurgical machinery, building material machinery, electric power
In various equipment easy to wear in the industries such as machinery, mining machinery.
Currently, domestic wear-resistant composite board is mainly based on welding method, such as wear resistance electrode built-up welding, flux-cored wire built-up welding, from
Sub- built-up welding.Meanwhile relevant R&D work is also carried out about powder method, method for brazing and diffusion method etc..But these techniques are all
There is its respective limitation, wear resistance electrode built-up welding carries out built-up welding using high Cr high C electrode for cast iron, by electrode for cast iron length limitation,
It is difficult to realize automatic welding；Iron sheet is diluted influences by flux cored filler rate and periphery for the performance of flux-cored wire overlay cladding, strengthens
Phase content is difficult to improve, and then influences wearing plate performance；The wearing plate of plasma surfacing preparation has hardness and wearability high
Feature, but the technique built-up welding efficiency is lower, it is difficult to large-scale promotion.In this context, numerous scholars carried out largely about
The R&D work of wear-resistant composite board technology of preparing.
CN101774288A discloses a kind of " wear-resistance composite board of metal machine part and its renovation technique ", " one kind is wear-resisting for document
The method of manufacturing technology research of composite plate " (license expensive, Cheng Zhiguo, Liu Jianwei etc., be published in " welding " 2010 the 8th phase 37~
Page 40) and document " strip surfacing prepares wear-resistant composite board " (Lu Feng, Wang Yuanzong, Wang Linyan are published in that " the 14th whole nation is wear-resisting
Material conference " 2015 years page 390~394) mode that is all made of the build-up wear-resistant weld seam on matrix steel plate carries out wear-resistant composite board
Preparation, wearability is 12~18 times higher than mild steel, 5 times higher than stainless steel, potassium steel, 1 times higher than As-cast High Cr iron.But
Its production efficiency is lower, and production cost is higher, is not particularly suited for industrialized production.
CN102212821A discloses " a kind of preparation method for strengthening tungsten carbide abrasion-resistant composite plate ", CN102212822A public affairs
Opened " a kind of processing method and its processing unit (plant) of abrasion-proof metallic composite plates ", CN102218615A disclose " it is a kind of prepare plus
The method of thick wear-resisting composite board ", above three patent, which is all made of, spreads the related heated furnace treatment of powder on matrix steel plate upper berth
After reason formed wear-resistant composite board method carry out wear-resistant composite board preparation, the antifriction alloy of working lining not only surfacing,
Beauty, and be used directly for requiring the operating condition (such as baffle) of surfacing.But to prepare wear-resistant composite board resistance to for the technique
Mill layer compactness is poor, and wear-resisting property and service life are lower, are unable to satisfy the actual demand of growing engineer application.
CN107557537A discloses " preparation method of high-ductility high wear resistance composite board ", CN103264259A discloses " one
Kind antiwear refractory brick Die and mould plate and its fast preparation method ", above-mentioned two patent are all made of heating or add the side of transition metal
Formula makes to form the preparation that the mode that metallurgy connects carries out wear-resistant composite board between wearing plate and matrix steel plate, abrasion and corrosion resistance
Height, high production efficiency, the service life is long, at low cost, energy conservation and environmental protection.But the technique is spread by no pressure or the side of solder connection
Formula carries out the preparation of wear-resistant composite board, and the anti-shear performance of compound interface is lower, the defects of layering, peel off easily occurs, can not
Meet the application under high load use environment, and service life is without reliable guarantee.
In conclusion the preparation process of wear-resistant composite board is still other production technologies based on traditional welding method at present
Although also gradually having carried out related R&D work, there are still many problems, has biggish limitation.Meanwhile state at present
The interior common wear-resistant composite board in market is 360 to 450 ranks, for the research and development work of wear-resistant composite board expansion more than 450 ranks
Make less, lacks a large amount of data and support, significantly limit the application of wear-resistant composite board.In this context, work is faced
The wear-resisting compound version of the demand of the growing wear-resistant composite board of journey application field, especially high rigidity rank, there is an urgent need to one
Efficient, the stable preparation process of kind is to produce high level wear-resistant composite board.
Rolling is a kind of emerging efficient composite plate preparation process, generally by vacuum assembly, heating and rolling mill practice
It constitutes.But in the preparation process of high-level wear-resistant composite board, since the physical and chemical performance of abrasion-resistant stee and substrate steel material is poor
It is different, often there are joint fails and plate form control problem.Firstly, since wear-resisting carbon content of steel is higher, easily occur in assembly soldering and sealing
Weld crack welds deformation and welding stress is concentrated obviously, it is easier to occur especially in the composite blank soldering and sealing of big specification
Joint cracking, failure.Secondly, since the heating deformation of composite billet is inconsistent, stress directly acts in composite billet heating process
In welding point position, it is also easy to appear soldering and sealing joint cracking Problem of Failure.It is compound preparing high abrasion using pair rolling method
During plate, the case where often there is composite billet soldering and sealing connector be with regard to Cracking Failure after soldering and sealing or in heating process.In addition, In
During composite billet rolls, the problem of also often there is abrasion-resistant stee and substrate steel material deformation be inconsistent, warpage occurs, or even due to
Warpage is excessive can not to be continued to roll.Based on the above issues, pair rolling method combination process prepares high-level wear-resisting steel composite board
Success rate is only 50% or so.
The present invention provides a kind of preparation methods of 550 grades of efficient, stable wear-resistant composite boards, by optimizing assembly soldering and sealing
And heating process, the thermo parameters method state of stress distribution and composite billet during regulation assembly soldering and sealing obtain obvious
Control effect, increase substantially preparation 550 grades of wear-resistant composite boards success rate.
Summary of the invention
Based on above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of efficient, stable high-level wear-resisting multiple
The preparation method of plywood, the crack sensitivity for reducing soldering and sealing connector are adopted while improving the success rate of high-level wear-resistant composite board
Composite surface shear strength >=500MPa, wearing layer hardness is set to reach 550 ranks with special assembly soldering and sealing and heating process
High-level wear-resistant composite board had both guaranteed the success rate of wear-resistant composite board, but also with 550 grades of antiwear characteristic.This method production
For 550 grades of wear-resistant composite board success rates up to 80% or more, plate shape is smooth, and compound interface performance is stablized, and has excellent wear-resisting
Performance.
A kind of 550 grades of wear-resistant composite boards, are combined by low-carbon low-alloy steel and 550 rank abrasion-resistant stees, low-carbon and low-alloy
Steel is the low-carbon low-alloy steel that C content is C≤0.22% by mass percentage；550 rank abrasion-resistant stees, chemical component press matter
Amount percentages be C:0.25%~0.30%, Si:0.3%~0.5%, Mn:0.40%~1.00%, Cr:0.6%~
1.2%, Mo:0.15%~0.4%, Nb:0.01%~0.03%, Ni≤0.50%, Cu≤0.50%, B:0.0005%~
0.0022%, Ti:0.025%~0.04%, Als:0.020%~0.045%, P≤0.015%, S≤0.005%, [N]≤
0.0080%, [O]≤0.0020%, and Ti/N >=3.4, surplus are Fe and inevitable impurity.
Carbon content is required 0.22% hereinafter, on the one hand lower carbon content can guarantee wear-resisting composite billet in base material component
The quality of soldering and sealing connector reduces the crackle tendency of welding point；On the other hand lower carbon content can guarantee online in single side
During ultrafast cold treatment, base can have preferable shock resistance.
Element interaction mechanism in 550 grade wear-resisting steels are as follows:
C: harden ability when surface hardness and thick steel plate water cooling in order to guarantee steel plate superelevation needs comparable carbon content to do
Guarantee, the hardness of steel is accordingly increased with the increase of carbon content in a certain range, while certain carbon content can with Nb,
Ti, Cr, Mo etc. form Carbide Precipitation, increase wearability.The excessively high then plasticity toughness of carbon content reduces welding performance decline, in order to
The high rigidity and welding performance and low-temperature flexibility of guarantee steel plate, therefore C content is controlled 0.25%~0.30% in the present invention.
Si: main function is solution strengthening and deoxidation, is non-carbide forming element, can inhibit to be carbonized when Si content is more
The precipitation of object, but it is excessive when welding performance can be made to decline, while influencing toughness, thus in the present invention control of Si content 0.3%
~0.5%.
Mn: main function is solution strengthening, and harden ability can be improved in content when being greater than 0.4%, improves carbon in martensite
Degree of supersaturation is conducive to the raising of intensity and hardness, and low in cost, but content be higher than 1.0 when easily form center segregation, can make
Slab has the tendency that easy micro-flaw；Therefore Mn content is controlled 0.4%~1.0% in the present invention.
Nb: being strong carbon and nitrogen compound formation element, and main function is inhibited by forming tiny carbonitride in steel
Crystal grain is grown up when heating, has the function of certain precipitation strength when air-cooled again；Nb is added in steel, by inhibiting austenite grain
Interface Motion, to improve the recrystallization temperature of steel plate.It is added suitable Nb in steel plate, it is undissolved when influence of high austenizing temp
NbC plays the role of anchoring austenite grain boundary, so that austenite grain boundary be hindered excessively to be roughened.The Nb being dissolved in austenite, In
Inhibit austenite recrystallization, fining austenite grains during two-phase control rolling.But Nb too high levels then will form coarse
NbC influences the mechanical property of steel plate.Therefore, the additional amount of Nb is 0.01%~0.03% in the present invention.
Ti: can form compound with nitrogen, carbon and sulphur, and main function is inhibited by forming tiny carbonitride in steel
Crystal grain is grown up when heating, and titanium and nitrogen compound formation temperature are higher, the Precipitation Temperature of vanadium carbide and niobium carbide compared with titanium carbide and
Titanium nitride is low, adds when titanium by controlling the ratio (Ti/N >=3.4) of titanium nitrogen, makes the main carburet of niobium, while can prevent steel
In free N and B form compound, improve the molten boron recovery rate of acid and give full play to the effect that B improves harden ability, but when too high levels
It will form coarse TiN, reduce the low-temperature flexibility and fatigue behaviour of steel plate, therefore the additional amount control of Ti exists in the present invention
0.025%~0.04% and Ti/N >=3.4.
Mo, Cr: main function is to reduce critical cooling rate, improves the harden ability of steel plate, forms completely tiny geneva
Body tissue, in addition chromium, molybdenum can form a variety of carbide in steel, improve the intensity and hardness of steel plate, guarantee thick steel plates
Hardness is in 550HB or more, and effect is obvious when Mo content is greater than 0.15%, Cr content greater than 0.6%, and Mo, Cr content increase with thickness
Adding and suitably increase, but Mo is expensive, Mo, Cr are excessively added, can also weldability be made to reduce, therefore the present invention controls Cr:
0.6%~1.2%, Mo:0.15%~0.4%.
B: micro boron is added in steel can greatly improve quenching harden ability, due to the additional amount very little of boron, and in molten steel
In with oxygen, nitrogen have stronger affinity, it is easy to combination reaction occurs with it, to lose the effect for improving harden ability.Therefore
Add the content that should reduce steel water oxygen and nitrogen before boron as far as possible when smelting, but when B content is excessive (>=0.0025%) easily in crystal boundary
Place's enrichment can reduce crystal boundary and combine energy, so that steel plate is more likely to grain boundary fracture when by shock loading, reduce the low temperature of steel plate
Impact absorbing energy.Therefore, the additional amount of B is 0.0005%~0.0022% in the present invention, and [N]≤0.0080%, [O]≤
0.0020%.
Cu, Ni: adding 0.3%~0.5% bronze medal in being greater than 50mm thick steel plate, and quenched self tempering process can form ε-
Cu is precipitated, and effectively improves the intensity and hardness of steel, but steel containing Cu easily causes edge mistake in heating and course of hot rolling because of copper brittleness
It burns and the surface quality defects such as skin is stuck up on surface.For the surface quality for improving the steel containing Cu, dystectic Ni member is added in Chang Xianggang
Element reduces low melting point richness Cu phase, while increasing solubility of the Cu in steel to form dystectic Cu, Ni bianry alloy phase.For
Achieve the purpose that completely inhibit the copper brittleness of steel containing Cu defect, generally Ni:Cu ratio is controlled and is being greater than 1:2, Ni is also to improve simultaneously greatly
In the hardness of 50mm thick steel plates and the element of low-temperature flexibility, Ni can form FeNi compound with Fe, and steel plate is in lower temperature
Under by low-temperature impact load when, the low-temperature impact that the Ni of solid solution can improve steel plate absorbs function, but Ni higher cost, therefore this hair
The Ni less than or equal to 0.5%, which is added, in bright middle thick steel plates can guarantee mechanical property especially -40 DEG C of low-temperature flexibilities of steel plate,
And make it have the market competitiveness.
Production method includes selection, surface treatment, composite billet assembly, vacuum welding, rolling and figuring of surface, the method
The following steps are included:
(1) substrate, multiple material are chosen as assembly raw material.
Substrate and multiple material can be 2~4m for continuous casting billet, intermediate base, steel plate etc., length substrate, and width is 1~3m, and base
The length of material and multiple material, of same size, substrate and multiple material thickness ratio are 1~2, and base material thickness is 100~150mm, multiple material thickness
For 50~100mm.Wherein, on the one hand substrate and compound thickness proportion limit multiple material institute's accounting in composite billet, ensure that
The high-wear resistance of cladding had not only been obtained in follow-up heat treatment process but also can obtain the shock resistance of base, had on the other hand been limited
The overall thickness of composite billet had both limited stress amplitude during assembly soldering and sealing and has in turn ensured deformation in composite billet heating process
Consistency.Crack sensitivity of the composite billet soldering and sealing connector in welding and heating process is reduced in structure.
(2) substrate, multiple material surface to be contacted are processed, by the machining modes such as planer or milling machine to its surface into
Row polishing, removes the rusty scale and oxide layer of contacting surface waiting.
It is using the mach method removal substrate such as planer or milling machine and multiple material surface oxide layer to be composite, working depth
5~10mm, process are added without coolant liquid.Wherein, reconditioning processing, removal are carried out to blank surface to be composite before assembly
Rusty scale and oxide skin(coating) make it contact with each other during rolling with fresh metal, help to form metallurgy between the two
In conjunction with, improve bond quality, avoid being mingled with, stomata and it is unbonded the defects of.
(3) degreasing processing is carried out to substrate, multiple material surface to be composite.
Degreasing processing is carried out to substrate and multiple material interface to be composite using 99.99% high-purity alcohol, and uses nonwoven
Cloth is wiped.Wherein, it after the completion of substrate and multiple material surface machine to be composite add processing, is further gone with high-purity alcohol
Oily waste treatment and the cleanliness that surface to be composite can be effectively improved with non-woven fabrics wiping, facilitate between wear-resistant composite board compound interface
Form good metallurgical bonding.
(4) substrate, multiple material are successively stacked into assembly according to position from top to bottom between two parties, form composite billet.
(5) vacuum electron beam sealing welding is carried out after the composite billet after assembly being extracted vacuum, waits for substrate and multiple material multiple
It closes interface and is in vacuum environment.
Composite billet local environment vacuum degree≤4.5 × 10-2Pa；Wherein, vacuum electric is carried out to composite billet under vacuum conditions
Beamlet welded encapsulation can reduce the gas content between faying face to greatest extent, avoid occurring gas residue after rolling, make
Do not conform at Percentage bound.In addition, the reduction of gas content additionally aids the secondary oxygen for preventing it to faying face surface between faying face
Change, facilitates the raising of binding performance.Effective fusion penetration of vacuum electron beam sealing welding be 30~40mm, depth-to-width ratio 7~8, and
Focal position deviates 1~2mm to substrate side；Wherein, welding is packaged using electro-beam welding process, it can be in lower heat
The welding that big fusion penetration is completed under input condition, obtained welding point depth-to-width ratio is larger, reduces welding process to composite blank group
Knit the influence with performance.Meanwhile without using wlding and reducing the cost control welded energy consumption and be conducive to industrial mass production.Its
In, using the welding procedure deviated to substrate side, the chemical component in welding pool can be regulated and controled, avoid joint microstructure
Martensitic regions are carried out, guarantee strength of joint, reduce connector crack sensitivity.
Vacuum electron beam welding sequence is the sealing welding that rush-harvesting and rush-planting linkage first carries out two long sides, rear two short sides of progress
Sealing welding.And when weld of every weld seam, N sections are classified as, N >=5, every segment length is 200~400mm, is welded suitable
Sequence is first to carry out the welding of interlude number then with the welding of the left and right alternate remaining number of segment of sequence progress.Wherein, using rush-harvesting and rush-planting
Linkage process can guarantee the consistency of composite billet deformation, reduce stress concentration degree；Using first carry out long side welding after carry out
Short side weld and use first weld intermediate number of segment then with left and right sequence weld remaining number of segment can will weld deformation and stress by
Step release, reduces the amplitude of welding stress.Wear-resisting composite billet is reduced the assembly soldering and sealing during by special sealing welding technique for extra
Crack sensitivity.
(6) the combination blank after vacuum processing is heated to 1200~1250 DEG C of heat preservations, soaking time is according to composite billet thickness
Degree × 1min/mm is calculated.
Composite billet is heated using flame batch-type furnace, and when heating uses " center heating " mode, i.e., at heating flame mouth
In the center up and down of composite billet length and width plane, composite billet is made to be in the mode that is directly heated and conducting around by center
Heating.Wherein, center heating process is carried out using flame batch-type furnace, can makes composite billet that expansion deformation take place by center,
It avoids since composite billet surface layer is heated, center portion heating is inconsistent compared with deformation caused by slow, and stress collection occurs for soldering and sealing joint
In, and then the case where Cracking Failure, reduce the crack sensitivity of composite billet during heating.
Composite billet improves composite billet end to end 40~50 DEG C of flame hole temperature at upper surface 1~2 hour before coming out of the stove.Wherein,
The temperature that substrate in a certain range of head-tail upper surface can be improved using upper surface heating end to end, is improved in its operation of rolling
Deformation extent, the nose problem for effectively avoiding composite billet from easily occurring during the rolling process improves the rolling success rate of composite billet.
(7) start rolling temperature is 1180~1200 DEG C, and the first percentage pass reduction is 15%~20%, total reduction >=50%.
Using substrate upper, form of 550 abrasion-resistant stees under is rolled composite billet；Wherein, 550 are carried out using asymmetric assembly form
The rolling of grade wear-resistant composite board, can effectively simplify the process complexity of industrialized production, improve its production efficiency, avoid
The interleaving agent coating of symmetrical assembly and the scoreboard link after rolling.
(8) online ultrafast cold treatment is carried out after rolling.Using it is online it is ultrafast it is cold watered, cooled down to 550 abrasion-resistant stee sides,
Make 3~5 DEG C/s of cooling velocity of cladding, and carries out thermometric red temperature less than 300 DEG C in cladding after cooling down.Wherein, it uses
It is online it is ultrafast it is cold watered, cooled down to cladding, its can be made to obtain high hardness martensitic tissue, guarantee its wear-resisting property.Together
When, and the cooling velocity of base side is effectively controlled, so that it is obtained higher shock resistance.
(9) target thickness wear-resistant composite board is obtained after aligning, trimming, figuring of surface, thickness range is 20~100mm.
The utility model has the advantages that
550 grades of composite plates of the invention are compared with existing product:
1, for the wear-resistant composite board compound interface shear strength prepared up to 500MPa or more, Percentage bound 100% is wear-resisting
Layer Brinell hardness can reach 530 or more, and room temperature impact function can reach 118J or more；
2, it reduces crack sensitivity in assembly soldering and sealing and heating process of wear-resisting composite billet and improves it in the operation of rolling
The nose problem of middle generation, production efficiency are improved by original 50% or so to 80% or more.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is NM550 wear-resistant composite board schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
For following embodiment for illustrating the content of present invention, these embodiments are only the general description of the content of present invention,
The content of present invention is not limited.
Table 1 is the chemical component of 550 grade wear-resisting steel of the embodiment of the present invention；Table 2 is 550 grade wear-resisting steel of the embodiment of the present invention
Raw material specification；Table 3 is the practical material and raw material specification of low-carbon low-alloy steel of the embodiment of the present invention；Table 4 is the embodiment of the present invention
Composite billet relevant information；Table 5 is technique and blank information before embodiment is rolled；Table 6 is the rolling pattern of the embodiment of the present invention；Table 7
For the service check result of the embodiment of the present invention.
The chemical component (wt%) of 1 embodiment of table, 550 grade wear-resisting steel
The raw material specification of 2 embodiment of table, 550 grade wear-resisting steel
| Embodiment | Steel grade | Source | Length/m | Width/m | Thickness/mm |
| 1 | NM550 | Intermediate base | 4 | 3 | 80 |
| 2 | NM550 | Plate | 3.6 | 2.8 | 60 |
| 3 | NM550 | Intermediate base | 3.6 | 2.8 | 70 |
| 4 | NM550 | Continuous casting billet | 4 | 3 | 100 |
The practical material and raw material specification of 3 embodiment low-carbon low-alloy steel of table
4 embodiment composite billet relevant information of table
Technique and blank information before 5 embodiment of table is rolled
6 embodiment rolling pattern of table
7 embodiment mechanical properties test result of table
By embodiment as it can be seen that 550 grades of wear-resistant composite board yield strengths, tensile strength and elongation produced by the invention
It is all satisfied relevant criterion to require, room temperature impact >=118J, composite surface shear strength >=502MPa, composite layer Brinell hardness >=
535, ultrasonic inspection 100% is qualified, soldering and sealing connector in welding and heating process without cracking, composite billet during the rolling process without
Nose problem.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of 550 grades of wear-resistant composite boards, which is characterized in that composite plate is compound by low-carbon low-alloy steel and 550 rank abrasion-resistant stees
It forms, by mass percentage, it is desirable that C≤0.22% in low-carbon low-alloy steel；In 550 rank abrasion-resistant stees by mass percentage
Meter contains C:0.25%~0.30%, Si:0.3%~0.5%, Mn:0.40%~1.00%, Cr:0.6%~1.2%, Mo:
0.15%~0.4%, Nb:0.01%~0.03%, Ni≤0.50%, Cu≤0.50%, B:0.0005%~0.0022%,
Ti:0.025%~0.04%, Als:0.020%~0.045%, P≤0.015%, S≤0.005%, [N]≤0.0080%,
[O]≤0.0020%, and Ti/N >=3.4, surplus be Fe and inevitable impurity, composite plate composite surface shear strength >=
502MPa, Percentage bound 100%, composite layer Brinell hardness >=535, room temperature impact function >=118J.
2. 550 grades of wear-resistant composite boards according to claim 1, which is characterized in that finished product composite plate is with a thickness of thickness range
For 20~100mm.
3. a kind of preparation method of 550 grades of wear-resistant composite boards as described in claim 1, including selection, surface treatment, composite billet
Assembly, vacuum welding, rolling and figuring of surface, which is characterized in that
(1) substrate, multiple material are chosen as assembly raw material；Substrate is the low-carbon that C content is C≤0.22% by mass percentage
Low-alloy steel, multiple material are 600 rank abrasion-resistant stees, substrate and multiple material can be 2 for continuous casting billet, intermediate base, steel plate, length substrate~
4m, width are 1~3m, and the length of substrate and multiple material, of same size, and substrate and multiple material thickness ratio are 1~2, and base material thickness is
100~150mm, multiple material is with a thickness of 50~100mm；
(2) substrate, multiple material surface to be contacted to be processed, removes the rusty scale and oxide layer of contacting surface waiting, working depth is 5~
10mm；
(3) degreasing processing is carried out to substrate, multiple material surface to be composite；
(4) substrate, multiple material are successively stacked into assembly according to position from top to bottom between two parties, form composite billet；
(5) vacuum electron beam sealing welding is carried out after the composite billet after assembly being extracted vacuum, makes substrate and multiple material boundary to be composite
Face is in vacuum environment；Composite billet local environment vacuum degree≤4.5 × 10-2Pa；Effective fusion penetration of vacuum electron beam sealing welding
For 30~40mm, depth-to-width ratio 7~8, and focal position deviate 1~2mm to substrate side；Vacuum electron beam welding sequence is rush-harvesting and rush-planting connection
It is dynamic, i.e., the sealing welding of two long sides is first carried out, carries out the sealing welding of two short sides afterwards, and every weld seam weld
When, be classified as N sections, N >=5, every segment length is 200~400mm, welding sequence be first carry out the welding of interlude number then with
Left and right alternate sequence carries out the welding of remaining number of segment；
(6) by the combination blank after vacuum processing be heated to 1200~1250 DEG C heat preservation, soaking time according to composite billet thickness ×
1min/mm is calculated；" center heating " mode is used when composite billet heats, i.e. heating flame mouth is in composite billet length and width plane
Upper and lower center makes composite billet be in the mode that is directly heated and conducting around by center and heats up；Composite billet is 1 before coming out of the stove
~2 hours, composite billet was improved end to end 40~50 DEG C of flame hole temperature at upper surface；
(7) using substrate upper, form of 550 abrasion-resistant stees under is rolled composite billet；Start rolling temperature is 1180~1200 DEG C,
First percentage pass reduction is 15%~20%, total reduction >=50%；
(8) online ultrafast cold treatment is carried out after rolling, using it is online it is ultrafast it is cold watered, cooled down to 550 abrasion-resistant stee sides, make multiple
The cooling velocity of layer is 3~5 DEG C/s, and carries out thermometric red temperature less than 300 DEG C in cladding after cooling down；
(9) target thickness wear-resistant composite board is obtained after aligning, trimming, figuring of surface.
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