CN110527792A - Reduce the tempering method of residual stress - Google Patents
Reduce the tempering method of residual stress Download PDFInfo
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- CN110527792A CN110527792A CN201910792183.8A CN201910792183A CN110527792A CN 110527792 A CN110527792 A CN 110527792A CN 201910792183 A CN201910792183 A CN 201910792183A CN 110527792 A CN110527792 A CN 110527792A
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- temperature
- residual stress
- tempering
- heating
- rise period
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D11/00—Process control or regulation for heat treatments
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of tempering methods for reducing residual stress, it successively heated up, kept the temperature and is cooled down, heating includes two stages, first stage is High-speed temperature rise period, temperature T1 will be quickly heated up to by room temperature to tempered material or part, the size of material or part is bigger, and temperature T1 is higher, and second stage is the low speed temperature rise period, will be kept the temperature to tempered material or part by the tempering temperature that temperature T1 is slowly heated to setting.This method enhances tempering to the regulating effect of residual stress, it is suppressed that the formation of drawing process new life residual stress, while helping to improve the obdurability of material.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Field of Heat-treatment, and in particular to a kind of tempering method for reducing residual stress.
Background technique
Quenching is that the basic technology method of the strength of materials is improved in metal material preparation process.But quenching is improving by force
While spending, high-caliber residual stress is introduced in material internal, not only makes fatigue life, anticorrosion stress-resistant ability of material etc.
It declines to a great extent, moreover, being also easy to the change for material or part shape and size occur in processing and use process.
Tempering is that quenched metal material is heated to critical-temperature Ac1 (when steel heats, to initially form the temperature of austenite
Degree) a certain temperature below to reduce the stress level in material regulates and controls the process of quenched residual stress.Tempering
When residual stress Regulation Mechanism be: by providing suitable activation energy to oversaturated solid solution, control precipitated phase precipitation,
Distribution and differentiation, and then the performance and residual stress distribution of controlled material.Therefore, heat input is the key that influence precipitated phase regulation
Element has to improve tempering temperature in actual production, extends tempering time, this is not to obtain low residual stress level
The key mechanics performance of material is set to be damaged avoidablely.
In addition, material surface is not identical as the variation tendency of material core residual stress, and core is residual in drawing process
Residue stress persistently reduces, and surface residual stress then shows the trend for first reducing and increasing again.After leading to tempering, in material
Residual stress only reduce 60%-70%.Moreover, it due to the increase of material surface residual stress, is easy to cause at tempering
After reason, the stress state of material surface is tensile stress state, the fatigue life and anticorrosion stress-resistant of reduction material or part
Ability also results in part or material cracks when serious.Therefore, reasonable tempering process is developed, is that the abundant material that reduces quenches
Internal stress improves the key of materials'use performance.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of tempering method for reducing residual stress, this method enhances tempering and answers remnants
The regulating effect of power, it is suppressed that the formation of drawing process new life residual stress, while helping to improve the obdurability of material.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that:
A kind of tempering method reducing residual stress, is successively heated up, kept the temperature and is cooled down, and heating includes two stages,
First stage is High-speed temperature rise period, will quickly heat up to temperature T1, material or part by room temperature to tempered material or part
The bigger temperature T1 of size it is higher, second stage be the low speed temperature rise period, will be slow by temperature T1 to tempered material or part
The tempering temperature for being heated to setting is kept the temperature.
Further, the heating rate of High-speed temperature rise period is unrestricted, to promote precipitation and the Dispersed precipitate of the second phase.
Further, the heating rate V of low speed temperature rise periodHeatingIt is limited, it is necessary to meet following formula
In formula, VHeatingThe heating rate of heating process is tempered for the low speed temperature rise period；A is regulation coefficient；K be material or
The thermal coefficient of part；σsFor the yield strength of material or part in temperature T；α is thermal expansion coefficient；ρ is material or part
Density；C is the specific heat of material or part；E is material or zero elasticity modulus in temperature T.
Further, this method is suitable for the metal material including steel material and aluminum alloy materials.
Further, temperature T1 range is 300 DEG C -500 DEG C.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
One for causing drawing process residual stress regulating power limited and being tempered rear surface formation tensile stress state is main
The reason is that temperature stress caused by tempering temperature-rise period, temperature stress caused by tempering heating rate is higher is accordingly also more
Greatly, from the point of view of temperature stress: heating rate when reducing tempering heating can reduce material or piece surface and core
Temperature difference reduces influence of the temperature stress to te mpering residual stress regulating effect.However, from the point of view of tissue modulation, certainly
Determine residual stress regulating effect there are three element, be respectively as follows: the dislocation density of material internal, the size of precipitated phase and precipitation
The percent by volume of phase.Wherein dislocation density directly affects the size of precipitated phase, volume basis when disperse degree.Therefore, from
It is seen in the evolution mechanism of residual stress, high heating rate is conducive to keep the dislocation density in material, enhances residual stress
Regulating effect.This method carries out tempering heating using ladder-elevating temperature mode, that is, utilizes the dislocation in high heating rate adaptation tissue
Density and distribution of carbides, enhancing is tempered the regulating effect to residual stress, and inhibits by low heating rate due to temperature
Tempering new life residual stress caused by stress.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is flow chart of the invention.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
A kind of tempering method reducing residual stress, as shown in Figure 1, successively being heated up, being kept the temperature and being cooled down, heating includes
Two stages, first stage are High-speed temperature rise period, will quickly heat up to temperature T1 by room temperature to tempered material or part, temperature
Spending T1 range is 300 DEG C -500 DEG C, and the size of material or part is bigger, and temperature T1 is higher, and second stage is low speed heating rank
Section will be kept the temperature to tempered material or part by the tempering temperature that temperature T1 is slowly heated to setting.
One for causing drawing process residual stress regulating power limited and being tempered rear surface formation tensile stress state is main
The reason is that temperature stress caused by tempering temperature-rise period, temperature stress caused by tempering heating rate is higher is accordingly also more
Greatly, from the point of view of temperature stress: heating rate when reducing tempering heating can reduce material or piece surface and core
Temperature difference reduces influence of the temperature stress to te mpering residual stress regulating effect.However, from the point of view of tissue modulation, certainly
Determine residual stress regulating effect there are three element, be respectively as follows: the dislocation density of material internal, the size of precipitated phase and precipitation
The percent by volume of phase.Wherein dislocation density directly affects the size of precipitated phase, volume basis when disperse degree.Therefore, from
It is seen in the evolution mechanism of residual stress, high heating rate is conducive to keep the dislocation density in material, enhances residual stress
Regulating effect.This method carries out tempering heating using ladder-elevating temperature mode, that is, utilizes the dislocation in high heating rate adaptation tissue
Density and distribution of carbides, enhancing is tempered the regulating effect to residual stress, and inhibits by low heating rate due to temperature
Tempering new life residual stress caused by stress.
In this example, the heating rate of High-speed temperature rise period is unrestricted, to promote the precipitation and disperse point of the second phase
Cloth.
In this example, the heating rate V of low speed temperature rise periodHeatingIt is limited, it is necessary to meet following formula
In formula, VHeatingThe heating rate (unit, K/s) of heating process is tempered for the low speed temperature rise period；A is adjustment system
Number；K is the thermal coefficient (unit, W/ (mK)) of material or part；σsThe yield strength for being material or part in temperature T is (single
Position, MPa)；α is thermal expansion coefficient (unit, 1/K)；ρ is density (unit, the kg/m of material or part3)；C is material or part
Specific heat (unit, J/ (kgK))；E is material or zero elasticity modulus (unit, MPa) in temperature T.Above-mentioned tempering method is suitable
For steel material, aluminum alloy materials or other metal materials.
It should be understood that for those of ordinary skills, it can be modified or changed according to the above description,
And all these modifications and variations should all belong to the protection domain of appended claims of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of tempering method for reducing residual stress, it is characterised in that: successively heated up, kept the temperature and cooled down, heating includes
Two stages, first stage are High-speed temperature rise period, will quickly heat up to temperature T1, material by room temperature to tempered material or part
The bigger temperature T1 of size of material or part is higher, and second stage is the low speed temperature rise period, will be to tempered material or part by temperature
The tempering temperature that degree T1 is slowly heated to setting is kept the temperature.
2. reducing the tempering method of residual stress as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the heating speed of High-speed temperature rise period
Rate is unrestricted, to promote precipitation and the Dispersed precipitate of the second phase.
3. reducing the tempering method of residual stress as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the heating speed of low speed temperature rise period
Rate VHeatingIt is limited, it is necessary to meet following formula
In formula, VHeatingThe heating rate of heating process is tempered for the low speed temperature rise period；A is regulation coefficient；K is material or part
Thermal coefficient；σsFor the yield strength of material or part in temperature T；α is thermal expansion coefficient；ρ is the close of material or part
Degree；C is the specific heat of material or part；E is material or zero elasticity modulus in temperature T.
4. reducing the tempering method of residual stress as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: this method is suitable for including steel
Metal material including material and aluminum alloy materials.
5. as described in claim 1 reduce residual stress tempering method, it is characterised in that: temperature T1 range be 300 DEG C-
500℃。
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| CN201910792183.8A CN110527792B (en) | 2019-08-26 | 2019-08-26 | Tempering method for reducing residual stress |
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Citations (11)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU905298A1 (en) * | 1980-01-25 | 1982-02-15 | Ворошиловградский машиностроительный институт | Method for thermoplastic strengthening of parts |
| JPH11236615A (en) * | 1998-02-20 | 1999-08-31 | Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd | Production of high chromium cast iron casting for impact wear resistance |
| CN101698902A (en) * | 2009-11-11 | 2010-04-28 | 江苏共昌轧辊有限公司 | Quenching method for integral cast steel supporting roll |
| CN101755063A (en) * | 2007-07-19 | 2010-06-23 | 科鲁斯斯塔尔有限公司 | Be used for the steel band that has different thickness at length direction is carried out the annealed method |
| CN102994888A (en) * | 2012-11-27 | 2013-03-27 | 天津大学 | Novel high-chromium ferritic heat resistant steel and thermo-mechanical treatment process |
| CN103361560A (en) * | 2013-07-03 | 2013-10-23 | 首钢总公司 | Cold-rolled hot-molded steel plate and production method thereof |
| CN104946870A (en) * | 2015-07-02 | 2015-09-30 | 杭州汽轮动力集团有限公司 | Heat treatment method for strength of 28CrMoNiV steel capable of improving industrial steam turbine rotor forge piece |
| CN105755232A (en) * | 2014-12-13 | 2016-07-13 | 青岛勤德索具有限公司 | Heat treatment process of high-chromium cast iron |
| CN107177783A (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2017-09-19 | 东北大学 | A kind of Ultra-fine Grained martensite ferrite dual phase steel being distributed with bimodal ferrite crystal grain and its production technology |
| CN109536696A (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2019-03-29 | 宜兴市永昌轧辊有限公司 | A kind of tempering process of New Type of Cold Roller |
| CN109593927A (en) * | 2019-02-18 | 2019-04-09 | 安徽工业大学 | A method of pure iron is orientated using double annealing production crystal grain |
-
2019
- 2019-08-26 CN CN201910792183.8A patent/CN110527792B/en active Active
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU905298A1 (en) * | 1980-01-25 | 1982-02-15 | Ворошиловградский машиностроительный институт | Method for thermoplastic strengthening of parts |
| JPH11236615A (en) * | 1998-02-20 | 1999-08-31 | Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd | Production of high chromium cast iron casting for impact wear resistance |
| CN101755063A (en) * | 2007-07-19 | 2010-06-23 | 科鲁斯斯塔尔有限公司 | Be used for the steel band that has different thickness at length direction is carried out the annealed method |
| CN101698902A (en) * | 2009-11-11 | 2010-04-28 | 江苏共昌轧辊有限公司 | Quenching method for integral cast steel supporting roll |
| CN102994888A (en) * | 2012-11-27 | 2013-03-27 | 天津大学 | Novel high-chromium ferritic heat resistant steel and thermo-mechanical treatment process |
| CN103361560A (en) * | 2013-07-03 | 2013-10-23 | 首钢总公司 | Cold-rolled hot-molded steel plate and production method thereof |
| CN105755232A (en) * | 2014-12-13 | 2016-07-13 | 青岛勤德索具有限公司 | Heat treatment process of high-chromium cast iron |
| CN104946870A (en) * | 2015-07-02 | 2015-09-30 | 杭州汽轮动力集团有限公司 | Heat treatment method for strength of 28CrMoNiV steel capable of improving industrial steam turbine rotor forge piece |
| CN107177783A (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2017-09-19 | 东北大学 | A kind of Ultra-fine Grained martensite ferrite dual phase steel being distributed with bimodal ferrite crystal grain and its production technology |
| CN109536696A (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2019-03-29 | 宜兴市永昌轧辊有限公司 | A kind of tempering process of New Type of Cold Roller |
| CN109593927A (en) * | 2019-02-18 | 2019-04-09 | 安徽工业大学 | A method of pure iron is orientated using double annealing production crystal grain |
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