CN110527781B - Slag ladle raw material processing method suitable for copper smelting working condition - Google Patents
Slag ladle raw material processing method suitable for copper smelting working condition Download PDFInfo
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- CN110527781B CN110527781B CN201910721556.2A CN201910721556A CN110527781B CN 110527781 B CN110527781 B CN 110527781B CN 201910721556 A CN201910721556 A CN 201910721556A CN 110527781 B CN110527781 B CN 110527781B
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- slag ladle
- ladle
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/52—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/0006—Adding metallic additives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/06—Deoxidising, e.g. killing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B15/00—Obtaining copper
- C22B15/0026—Pyrometallurgy
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
Abstract
According to the processing method of the slag ladle raw material suitable for the copper smelting working condition, the flexibility of the slag ladle production raw material is improved by controlling the processing of the slag ladle raw material, so that the problem that the slag ladle is easy to generate cracks under the action of high temperature for a long time is effectively solved. According to the processing method of the slag ladle raw material suitable for the working condition of copper smelting, the contents of harmful elements and residual elements can be effectively reduced and the purity of molten steel is improved by adopting electric furnace steelmaking and LF furnace refining, wherein the content of P, S is less than 0.020% and is less than or equal to 0.040% below the national standard. The crack tendency of the slag ladle under the high-temperature condition can be effectively reduced. The modification treatment (rare earth re) is carried out on the molten steel, crystal grains can be refined, the physical comprehensive performance of the material can be improved, the single ladle casting is carried out, the temperature is measured on site before the casting, the casting temperature can be controlled within +/-3 ℃ of the process requirement, the crystal grains in the slag ladle are relatively uniform and fine, and the physical performance of the slag ladle can be effectively improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an industrial smelting waste residue storage device, in particular to a slag ladle raw material processing method suitable for copper smelting working conditions.
Background
With the rapid increase of the demand of copper for industrial production, the supply of copper resources in China is increasingly tense, and the dilution treatment of copper smelting slag is more and more emphasized in the copper metallurgy industry. In order to further reduce the copper grade of the waste slag, the number of enterprises for realizing slag selection of copper smelting furnaces by adopting a grinding and floating method in China is increased year by year, the slag selection plant scale is continuously enlarged, and more slag ladles are applied in recent 10 years.
During the use of the slag ladle, the slag ladle is instantly heated to more than 700 ℃ when being put into the ladle, and is rapidly cooled by water when being sprayed and cooled, so that the damage of the slag ladle is serious, the maintenance cost of each slag ladle per year is more than 1 ten thousand yuan, and the service life of each slag ladle is generally not more than 3 years.
The currently applied slag ladle cooling method is to directly discharge high-temperature liquid slag, which can also be called high-temperature slag, into a slag ladle, transport the slag ladle to a slag cooling site by a slag ladle car after the slag ladle car is filled with the slag ladle slag, and naturally cool the slag ladle slag for 12 hours so as to meet the process requirement of slag slow cooling. And then cooling for 48 hours by manually starting a spray water mode, and ensuring the turnover rate of the slag ladle. If the cooling speed before the molten slag is solidified is too high, the copper particles in a sulfuration state or a metal state in the molten slag can not be completely condensed and grown, and the recovery rate of copper is reduced by grinding separation and flotation. Usually, the copper content of the slag tailings is about 0.35 percent, and a large amount of copper resources are lost along with the tailings.
On one hand, the operation environment of a cooling site is very severe, water is rapidly vaporized when meeting high-temperature melt, the sight is influenced by a large amount of water mist on the site, and each ton of slag is slowly cooled to consume about 0.5 ton of water. The sensible heat of the molten slag is wasted, a large amount of water resources are consumed, the possibility of blasting (water is quickly vaporized when meeting the high-temperature slag, and a large amount of energy is instantaneously released) of the high-temperature slag exists in the operation, and the personal safety and the equipment safety are seriously threatened.
On the other hand, in the smelting process of the smelting furnace, the smelted copper slag needs to be separated, and after the liquid copper slag is separated, the liquid copper slag is directly poured into a slag ladle and is slowly cooled in the slag ladle; and because the bottom of the slag ladle is influenced by high temperature for a long time, the phenomena of deformation, crack, bottom penetration and the like are easily generated at the bottom of the slag ladle, and the service life of the slag ladle is not long due to the phenomena, so that the whole production cost is higher.
Therefore, how to provide a slag ladle to realize slow cooling of the slag ladle, reduce deformation and cracks of the slag ladle and prolong the service life of the slag ladle is a technical problem to be solved by technical personnel in the field at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a slag ladle raw material processing method suitable for copper smelting working conditions, and aims to solve the technical problems that the conventional slag ladle is easy to deform and low in penetration under the influence of high temperature, so that the service life is short.
According to one aspect of the invention, the method for processing the raw material of the slag ladle suitable for the working condition of copper smelting comprises the following steps:
step S1, putting the scrap steel into an electric furnace in three batches, electrifying for smelting for 900min to an oxidation period, and putting lime blocks at intervals in batches;
step S2, according to the oxidation boiling condition in the electric furnace, carrying out automatic slag flowing treatment on the rough refining molten steel in the electric furnace;
step S3, introducing the coarse refining molten steel obtained in the step S2 into an LF refining furnace, electrifying for smelting for 10min, and adding a deoxidizer for deoxidation treatment;
step S4, adjusting the smelting temperature in the LF refining furnace after the deoxidation treatment, adding rare earth alloy, wherein the added rare earth alloy is 1.5 kg/ton of steel, and smelting for 40 min;
and step S5, performing soft blowing on the molten steel obtained in the step S4 for 10-15min to obtain refined molten steel.
On the basis of the above scheme, preferably, in the step S1, the lime cake is added with 800kg each time, and the interval time of each batch is greater than 8 min.
On the basis of the scheme, preferably, in the step S2, the slag content in the electric furnace is controlled to be 5-7%, and the tapping P in the electric furnace is less than or equal to 0.015%.
Preferably, the deoxidizer in the step S3 is a mixture of silicon carbide, ferrosilicon powder, calcium carbide and aluminum particles.
Preferably, in the step S3, the time of the deoxidation treatment is less than 15min, and during the deoxidation treatment, FeO is less than 1%, and the white slag retention time is more than 30 min.
The invention also provides a slag ladle suitable for the working condition of copper smelting, which comprises a body formed by performing single ladle casting on the refined molten steel obtained in the step S4, wherein the body is in the shape of an inverted cone with a smooth transition bottom, two opposite sides of the top of the body are provided with trunnions which are integrally cast, and the bottom of the body is uniformly provided with at least 6 supporting legs in a distributed manner.
On the basis of the scheme, preferably, a plurality of supporting ribs are arranged between the trunnion and the body, and a plurality of supporting ribs are arranged between the supporting legs and the body.
The invention also provides a method for processing the raw material of the slag ladle suitable for the working condition of copper smelting, which carries out single ladle casting on the refined molten steel obtained in the step S4 to obtain the slag ladle suitable for the working condition of copper smelting.
On the basis of the scheme, the casting method is preferable, when casting is performed, chilling blocks are arranged on the outer edge surface of the large end of the body, iron branding core cores are arranged on two outer circular surfaces, perpendicular to the trunnion, of the body, and heat insulation risers are arranged on the outer surface of the bottom of the body.
According to the processing method of the slag ladle raw material suitable for the copper smelting working condition, the processing of the slag ladle raw material is controlled, so that the heat deformation resistance of the slag ladle production raw material is improved, and the problem that the slag ladle is easy to crack under the action of high temperature for a long time is effectively solved.
According to the processing method of the slag ladle raw material suitable for the working condition of copper smelting, the contents of harmful elements and residual elements can be effectively reduced and the purity of molten steel is improved by adopting electric furnace steelmaking and LF furnace refining, wherein the content of P, S is less than 0.020% and is less than or equal to 0.040% below the national standard. The crack tendency of the slag ladle under the high-temperature condition can be effectively reduced. The modification treatment (rare earth re) is carried out on the molten steel, crystal grains can be refined, the physical comprehensive performance of the material can be improved, the single ladle casting is carried out, the temperature is measured on site before the casting, the casting temperature can be controlled within +/-2 ℃ of the process requirement, the crystal grains in the slag ladle are relatively uniform and fine, and the physical performance of the slag ladle can be effectively improved.
The invention also provides a method for processing the slag ladle by adopting the raw material of the slag ladle, which is characterized in that a cold iron and a soldering iron ore sand core are arranged in the casting process of the slag ladle, and the local heat regulation treatment is carried out on a shrinkage cavity area which is easy to generate in the casting condensation process of the slag ladle, so that the area of shrinkage cavity and shrinkage porosity is reduced, and the service life of the slag ladle is prolonged.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a slag ladle raw material processing method suitable for copper smelting working conditions according to the invention;
fig. 2 is a block diagram of a slag ladle of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the invention provides a method for processing a slag ladle raw material suitable for copper smelting working conditions according to one aspect of the invention, which comprises the following steps:
and step S1, putting the waste steel into an electric furnace in three batches, electrifying and smelting for 900min to an oxidation period, putting lime blocks into the electric furnace at intervals in batches, wherein each lime block is added with 800kg of calcium ions, and the interval time of each batch is more than 8min, through the action of fully mixing the lime blocks and the molten steel, dicalcium silicate in the steel slag absorbs calcium oxide to generate tricalcium silicate, and the addition of the slag promotes the generation of an iron phase solid solution with higher activity, so that the hydraulic activity of the steel slag is improved, and the content of iron oxide in the steel slag is reduced. The heat preservation for sufficient time ensures that the free calcium oxide in the steel slag is fully absorbed, and the influence of poor stability of the steel slag on the use of the steel slag is eliminated.
And step S2, automatically carrying out slag flowing treatment on the rough molten steel in the electric furnace according to the oxidation boiling condition in the electric furnace, wherein during the automatic slag flowing treatment, the slag amount in the electric furnace is required to be controlled to be 5-7%, and the tapping P in the electric furnace is less than or equal to 0.015%, so that the flexibility of the steel is improved, and the crack tendency is reduced.
Step S3, introducing the coarse steelmaking water obtained in the step S2 into an LF refining furnace for refining, and adding a deoxidizer into the refining furnace for deoxidation treatment; it is worth to be noted that in the process of discharging the crude steel-making water, the tilting speed needs to be controlled to ensure that the steel flow amount is 3-5 tons, and in the process of tapping, 500 kg of lime plus 800kg of lime is added, and the tapping steel flow and the ladle bottom blowing argon are used for rolling, mixing and flushing for desulfurization.
Preferably, in the deoxidation process, in order to ensure the deoxidation effect, the deoxidation treatment time in the step S3 is less than 15min, and in the deoxidation treatment, FeO is less than 1%, the white slag holding time is more than 30min, and the deoxidizer in the step S3 is a mixture of silicon carbide, ferrosilicon powder, calcium carbide and aluminum particles.
Step S4, adjusting the smelting temperature in the LF refining furnace after the deoxidation treatment, adding rare earth alloy, wherein the added rare earth alloy is 1.5 kg/ton of steel, and smelting for 40 min;
and step S5, performing soft blowing on the molten steel obtained in the step S4 for 10-15min to obtain refined molten steel.
According to the processing method of the slag ladle raw material suitable for the copper smelting working condition, the processing of the slag ladle raw material is controlled, so that the heat deformation resistance of the slag ladle production raw material is improved, and the problem that the slag ladle is easy to crack under the action of high temperature for a long time is effectively solved.
According to the processing method of the slag ladle raw material suitable for the working condition of copper smelting, the contents of harmful elements and residual elements can be effectively reduced and the purity of molten steel is improved by adopting electric furnace steelmaking and LF furnace refining, wherein the content of P, S is less than 0.020% and is less than or equal to 0.040% below the national standard. The crack tendency of the slag ladle under the high-temperature condition can be effectively reduced. The modification treatment (rare earth re) is carried out on the molten steel, crystal grains can be refined, the physical comprehensive performance of the material can be improved, the single ladle casting is carried out, the temperature is measured on site before the casting, the casting temperature can be controlled within +/-2 ℃ of the process requirement, the crystal grains in the slag ladle are relatively uniform and fine, and the physical performance of the slag ladle can be effectively improved.
The invention also provides a slag ladle suitable for the working condition of copper smelting, which comprises a body 10 formed by performing single ladle casting on the refined molten steel obtained in the step S4, wherein the body 10 is in the shape of an inverted cone with a smooth transition bottom, two opposite sides of the top of the body 10 are provided with trunnions 20 which are integrally cast, the bottom of the body 10 is uniformly distributed with at least 6 supporting legs 30, and the specific structure of the slag ladle is shown in figure 2.
In order to ensure the connection effect between the body 10 and the trunnion 20, and between the body 10 and the leg 30, the present invention further provides a plurality of support ribs 40 between the trunnion 20 and the body 10, and a plurality of support ribs 40 between the leg 30 and the body 10, so as to balance and cushion the stress generated on the body 10 by the trunnion 20 and the leg 30 by using the function of the support ribs 40.
With continued reference to fig. 2, the present invention further provides a method for processing a raw material of a slag ladle suitable for copper smelting conditions, wherein the refined molten steel obtained in the above step S4 is subjected to single ladle casting to obtain the above slag ladle suitable for copper smelting conditions. By adopting single ladle casting, the temperature can be measured on site before casting, the casting temperature can be controlled within +/-2 ℃ of the process requirement, the crystal grains of the slag ladle are relatively uniform and fine, and the physical properties of the slag ladle can be effectively improved. Compared with the traditional slag ladle which is poured and supplied by two ladles, the physical properties of the slag ladle are qualitatively changed, and the comprehensive properties are obviously improved.
Further, in order to solve the problem that shrinkage cavities and shrinkage porosity are easily generated in the cooling process of the slag ladle during casting of the slag ladle and influence the service life of the slag ladle, the invention also arranges chilling blocks at the outer edge surface of the large end of the body 10, and arranges iron-baking core cores on two outer circular surfaces of the body 10 which are vertical to the trunnion 20, and the outer surface of the bottom of the body 10 is provided with a heat-insulating riser.
The invention also provides a method for processing the slag ladle by adopting the raw material of the slag ladle, which is characterized in that a cold iron and a soldering iron ore sand core are arranged in the casting process of the slag ladle, and the local heat regulation treatment is carried out on a shrinkage cavity area which is easy to generate in the casting condensation process of the slag ladle, so that the area of shrinkage cavity and shrinkage porosity is reduced, and the service life of the slag ladle is prolonged.
Finally, the method of the present application is only a preferred embodiment and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A slag ladle raw material processing method suitable for copper smelting working conditions is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1, putting the scrap steel into an electric furnace in three batches, electrifying and smelting for 900min to the oxidation period, putting lime blocks in batches at intervals, adding 800kg of lime blocks each time, and keeping the interval time of each batch to be longer than 8 min;
step S2, according to the oxidation boiling condition in the electric furnace, carrying out automatic slag flowing treatment on the rough-smelting molten steel in the electric furnace, and ensuring that the slag content in the electric furnace is controlled to be 5-7% and the tapping P in the electric furnace is less than or equal to 0.015%;
step S3, introducing the rough smelting molten steel obtained in the step S2 into an LF refining furnace, electrifying for smelting for 10min, adding a deoxidizing agent for deoxidizing, wherein the deoxidizing treatment time is less than 15min, in the deoxidizing treatment, FeO is less than 1%, the white slag holding time is more than 30min, in the discharging process of the rough smelting molten steel, controlling the tilting speed to ensure that the steel flow is 3-5 tons, adding 500 kg of lime and 800kg of sand in the tapping process, and performing tumbling mixed flushing desulfurization by utilizing the tapping molten steel flow and argon blown from the bottom of a steel ladle;
step S4, adjusting the smelting temperature in the LF refining furnace after the deoxidation treatment, adding rare earth alloy, wherein the added rare earth alloy is 1.5 kg/ton of steel, and smelting for 40 min;
and step S5, performing soft blowing on the molten steel obtained in the step S4 for 10-15min to obtain refined molten steel.
2. The method for processing the raw material of the slag ladle suitable for the working condition of copper smelting according to claim 1, wherein the deoxidizer in the step S3 is a mixture of silicon carbide, ferrosilicon powder, calcium carbide and aluminum particles.
3. A ladle suitable for working conditions of copper smelting is characterized by comprising a body which is formed by carrying out single ladle casting on refined molten steel obtained in the step S5 in claim 1, wherein the shape of the body is an inverted cone with a smooth transition bottom, two opposite sides of the top of the body are provided with trunnions which are integrally cast, and the bottom of the body is uniformly distributed with at least 6 support legs.
4. The ladle suitable for the working conditions of copper smelting according to claim 3, wherein a plurality of supporting ribs are arranged between the trunnion and the body, and a plurality of supporting ribs are arranged between the supporting leg and the body.
5. A method for processing a raw material of a ladle suitable for a working condition of copper smelting, characterized in that the refined molten steel obtained in the step S5 described in claim 1 is subjected to single ladle casting to obtain a ladle suitable for a working condition of copper smelting described in claim 3.
6. The method for processing the raw material of the ladle suitable for the working condition of copper smelting according to claim 5, wherein a chilling block is arranged on the outer edge surface of the large end of the body during casting, a branded iron core is arranged on two outer circular surfaces of the body, which are vertical to the trunnion, and a heat-insulating riser is arranged on the outer surface of the bottom of the body.
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104226916A (en) * | 2014-09-26 | 2014-12-24 | 衡阳中钢衡重铸锻有限公司 | Casting method of slag ladle and casting mold |
| CN106609313A (en) * | 2017-01-24 | 2017-05-03 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | High-purity rare earth steel treatment method |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104226916A (en) * | 2014-09-26 | 2014-12-24 | 衡阳中钢衡重铸锻有限公司 | Casting method of slag ladle and casting mold |
| CN106609313A (en) * | 2017-01-24 | 2017-05-03 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | High-purity rare earth steel treatment method |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 洁净钢生产工艺研究;张海军等;《宽厚板》;20010830;第7卷(第4期);第5-8页 * |
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