CN110526714B - Silicon carbide ramming paste for aluminum electrolysis cell cathode and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Silicon carbide ramming paste for aluminum electrolysis cell cathode and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of cathode silicon carbide ramming paste for an aluminum electrolytic cell, which is heat-conducting and non-conducting, has micro-shrinkage in the using process and can effectively solve the problem that the cathode material is damaged due to unstable current and structural expansion in the working process of the current electrolytic cell. A silicon carbide ramming paste for the cathode of aluminium electrolyzer is prepared from fine silicon carbide powder, fine silicon powder and high-alumina homogenizing powder through ball grinding, mixing for 36-48 hr, using PAMA-6000 resin as binder, and ramming. The cathode ramming paste prepared by the invention has the characteristics of heat conduction, non-conductivity, micro-shrinkage and the like, and perfectly solves a series of problems before cathode carbon blocks.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of refractory materials for non-ferrous metal smelting, in particular to cathode silicon carbide ramming paste for an aluminum electrolytic cell and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Aluminum is a good low-density conductive material, and has been widely used in the fields of light structural materials, such as automobiles, aviation and aerospace, building industry materials, such as aluminum alloy profiles, food packaging materials, such as warehouse storage tanks, packaging aluminum foils, and the like, because of its excellent ductility and plasticity. The method for producing aluminum in modern industry generally adopts cryolite-alumina molten salt electrolysis method, and the main equipment is an aluminum electrolysis bath; dissolving alumina in molten cryolite melt to form uniform melt with good conductivity, using carbon material as electrode, performing electrochemical reaction on the two electrodes to generate anode gas such as CO on the anode2The resulting product, liquid aluminum, precipitates on the cathode.
At present, carbon paste materials are mostly used as ramming materials for cathode carbon blocks for aluminum electrolysis cells, and the carbon paste materials take carbon materials as main bodies, and the used bonding agents also have certain electrical conductivity, so that the carbon block materials have the phenomena of electrical conductivity, expansion in use and the like, the phenomena of unstable current, damage of the cathode carbon block due to structural expansion and the like occur in the working process of the aluminum electrolysis cell, and the problem of cell stopping and cathode carbon block replacement of the aluminum electrolysis cell often occurs.
Therefore, the cathode material suitable for the aluminum electrolysis cell is developed, so that the material damage caused by material conduction, expansion and the like in the aluminum electrolysis process is solved, and the cell stopping problem caused by the replacement of the cathode material is avoided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem that the cathode carbon paste for the conventional aluminum electrolytic cell is frequently damaged due to electric conduction and expansion, and aims to provide a preparation method of cathode silicon carbide ramming paste for the aluminum electrolytic cell, which is heat-conducting and non-conducting, has micro-shrinkage in the use process and can effectively solve the problem that the cathode material is damaged due to unstable current and structural expansion in the working process of the conventional electrolytic cell. In the invention, because the silicon carbide with excellent thermal conductivity and low electric conductivity is adopted to replace the current conductive carbon material, the problem of unstable current of the current used material is solved; meanwhile, a small amount of high-aluminum homogenizing material is added into the material, so that the prepared material is subjected to micro-shrinkage in the using process, and the problem of structural damage caused by expansion in the working process of the material is solved; when partial oxidation of silicon carbide occurs, a low melting point glassy phase SiO is formed2Al in the high-aluminum homogenized material added at the moment2O3Can react with the mullite to generate mullite with high melting point, and can improve the high-temperature performance of the material; in addition, the novel resin binder is adopted, so that the problem of electric conduction of the currently used material due to the binder is solved. Due to the adoption of the targeted measures, the cathode ramming paste prepared by the invention has the characteristics of heat conduction, non-conduction, micro-shrinkage and the like, and perfectly solves a series of problems in the prior art of the cathode carbon block.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a silicon carbide ramming paste for the cathode of aluminium electrolyzer is prepared from fine silicon carbide powder, fine silicon powder and high-alumina homogenizing powder through ball grinding, mixing for 36-48 hr, using PAMA-6000 resin as binder, and ramming.
The raw materials of the invention are added in parts by weight: 85-88 parts of silicon carbide, 6-10 parts of silicon micropowder and 3-6 parts of high-aluminum homogenizing material; and a bonding agent is added, wherein the bonding agent accounts for 18-23% of the total weight of the raw materials.
The silicon carbide is one of green silicon carbide and black silicon carbide, and the granularity is less than or equal to 0.074 mm.
According to the invention, silicon carbide is used as a main raw material, and the silicon carbide has the characteristics of heat conduction and non-conductivity, so that the final product is heat-conducting and non-conductive; meanwhile, the PAMR-6000 resin as a bonding agent is used, and can be solidified in a short time after being rammed, so that the condition of electric conduction cannot occur. If a general binder is used, a conductive phenomenon occurs.
Al in the high-aluminum homogenizing material2O3The content is between 65 and 85 percent, and the granularity is two or more granularity intervals of 0.074-1 mm, 1-3 mm and 3-5 mm; too fine a particle size does not easily shrink because the material needs to shrink slightly.
The invention uses high-aluminum homogenizing material, which plays a micro-shrinkage function in the formula.
The silicon micropowder of the invention adopts SiO with the content of 92 percent2The granularity is less than or equal to 0.002mm, and the silicon micropowder is used for better construction performance and filling the gaps among the granularity at the later stage, so that the heat-conducting performance can be better improved besides the normal-temperature and high-temperature strength of the material after the silicon micropowder is tightly filled.
The binding agent is PAMR-6000 resin;
the bonding agent PAMR-6000 resin is a polyacrylamide solution, the specific gravity is 1.10-1.13, the pH value is 6.5-7.5, and the viscosity is as follows: 5.5-7.0 pas.
The use of carbon paste, carbon, in the prior art is known to be very conductive, because it conducts electricity very well, often causing the current in the cell to go high and low. The silicon carbide material has the heat conduction and non-conduction performance, and the micro-shrinkage and non-conduction are realized by selecting a trace amount of high-purity homogenizing material. According to the construction process of the conventional aluminum electrolysis cell, the whole cell is heated to 200-300 ℃ by using external heating equipment in the early stage, namely a drying cell, under the condition that organic matters of the PAMR-6000 are volatilized, and the cell is not conductive when being started.
The preparation method of the silicon carbide ramming paste for the cathode of the aluminum electrolytic cell comprises the following steps:
step one, mixing silicon carbide and high-aluminum homogenized material according to the proportion, and performing ball milling and mixing for 36-48 hours;
step two, adding the bonding agent in the proportion into the silicon carbide and high-aluminum homogenized material mixture, and uniformly stirring for 5-20 min;
and step three, adding the uniformly stirred mixture of the silicon carbide and the high-aluminum homogenized material added with the binding agent into a mold, and adding materials while tamping, and compacting until the surface is flat, thus obtaining the silicon carbide ramming paste for the cathode of the aluminum electrolytic cell.
Wherein, the three sides of the step are tamped and the material is added, so that the high heat rate can be improved.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following positive effects:
1) the silicon carbide selected by the invention has good heat-conducting property, is not suitable for electric conduction, has excellent performance of resisting cryolite corrosion, and does not have the condition that the current is unstable in the electrolytic process due to electric conduction.
2) According to the invention, by adding a small amount of high-aluminum homogenizing material, the product can generate micro-shrinkage in the use process, and the problem that the structure of the product is damaged due to expansion of the material in the use process can be avoided.
3) The invention adopts PAMR-6000 novel resin as a bonding agent to replace the current common bonding agent, and the problem of product conductivity caused by using the bonding agent can not occur.
Therefore, the prepared cathode silicon carbide ramming paste for the aluminum electrolytic cell perfectly solves the problem of cell stopping caused by damage of cathode materials due to electric conduction, expansion and the like in the current materials by adopting a targeted measure, and has important economic value.
The technical indexes of the invention are as follows: bulk density: not less than 2.2g/cm3Normal temperature compressive strength: at 110 ℃ for 24h, not less than 7 Mpa; the temperature is 900 ℃ and multiplied by 3h, and the pressure is more than or equal to 10 Mpa; the heat conductivity coefficient is more than or equal to 7w/m.k at 1000 ℃; the insulation value is more than or equal to 1M omega.
The invention is widely used and commented on by users in the aluminum industries such as new mountain aluminum industry of Guangxi Bai mine, forest aluminum industry of Guangxi Bai mine, Debao aluminum industry of Guangxi Bai mine, Nemontage brocade combined ramming paste, Yunan Yuyong aluminum industry, Xinghua information source, Zhongai Guangxi branch company and the like.
Detailed Description
The technical result is only to express the embodiment of the invention, the description is more specific and detailed, but not to be understood as the limitation of the patent scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
Example 1:
the raw materials are added in parts by weight: 85 parts of silicon carbide, 10 parts of silicon micropowder and 5 parts of high-aluminum homogenizing material; and a bonding agent is added, wherein the bonding agent accounts for 18 percent of the total weight of the raw materials.
Example 2:
the raw materials are added in parts by weight: 87 parts of silicon carbide, 9 parts of silicon micropowder and 4 parts of high-aluminum homogenizing material; and a bonding agent is added, wherein the bonding agent accounts for 18-23% of the total weight of the raw materials.
Example 3:
the raw materials are added in parts by weight: 88 parts of silicon carbide, 6 parts of silicon micropowder and 6 parts of high-aluminum homogenizing material; and a bonding agent is added, wherein the bonding agent accounts for 18-23% of the total weight of the raw materials.
The preparation method of the silicon carbide ramming paste for the cathode of the aluminum electrolytic cell in the embodiments 1, 2 and 3 comprises the following steps:
step one, mixing silicon carbide and high-aluminum homogenized material according to the proportion, and performing ball milling and mixing for 36-48 h.
And step two, adding the bonding agent in the proportion into the silicon carbide and high-aluminum homogenized material mixture, and uniformly stirring for 5-20 min.
And step three, adding the uniformly stirred mixture of the silicon carbide and the high-aluminum homogenized material added with the binding agent into a mold, and adding materials while tamping, and compacting until the surface is flat, thus obtaining the silicon carbide ramming paste for the cathode of the aluminum electrolytic cell.
The technical indexes of the embodiment 1 are as follows: bulk density: 2.2g/cm3Normal temperature compressive strength: at 110 ℃ for 24h and 8 Mpa; x 3h at 900 ℃ and 10 Mpa; the heat conductivity coefficient is 1000 ℃, 7 w/m.k; the insulation value was 2M Ω.
The technical indexes of the embodiment 2 are as follows: bulk density: 3.0g/cm3Normal temperature compressive strength: at 110 ℃ for 24h and 10 Mpa; at 900 deg.C for 3h and 9 MPa; the heat conductivity coefficient is 1000 ℃, 8 w/m.k; the insulation value is 1M omega.
The technical indexes of the embodiment 3 are as follows: bulk density: 2.8g/cm3Normal temperature compressive strength: at 110 ℃ for 24h and 9 Mpa; at 900 deg.C for 3h and 8 Mpa; the heat conductivity coefficient is 1000 ℃, 10 w/m.k; the insulation value was 2M Ω.
Claims (3)
1. The silicon carbide ramming paste for the cathode of the aluminum electrolytic cell is characterized in that: the raw materials are added in parts by weight: 85-88 parts of silicon carbide, 6-10 parts of silicon micropowder and 3-6 parts of high-aluminum homogenizing material; a bonding agent is added, and the bonding agent accounts for 18-23% of the total weight of the raw materials; the silicon micropowder adopts SiO with the content of 92 percent2The granularity is less than or equal to 0.002 mm; the bonding agent is PAMR-6000 resin, the PAMR-6000 resin is polyacrylamide solution, the specific gravity is 1.10-1.13, the pH value is 6.5-7.5, and the viscosity is as follows: 5.5-7.0 pas; the preparation method comprises the following steps: step one, mixing silicon carbide and a high-aluminum homogenizing material according to the proportion, mixing for 36-48h by ball milling, step two, adding a bonding agent according to the proportion into the mixture of the silicon carbide and the high-aluminum homogenizing material, uniformly stirring for 5-20 min, step three, adding the uniformly stirred mixture of the silicon carbide and the high-aluminum homogenizing material added with the bonding agent into a mold, feeding while performing tamping, and tamping to be compact until the surface is flat, thus obtaining the silicon carbide ramming paste for the cathode of the aluminum electrolysis cell, wherein the silicon carbide ramming paste for the cathode of the aluminum electrolysis cell generates mullite with a high melting point in the using process.
2. The silicon carbide ramming paste for the cathodes of aluminum reduction cells according to claim 1, wherein: the silicon carbide is one of green silicon carbide and black silicon carbide, and the granularity is less than or equal to 0.074 mm.
3. The silicon carbide ramming paste for the cathodes of aluminum reduction cells according to claim 1, wherein: al in high-aluminum homogenized material2O3The content is between 65 and 85 percent, and the granularity is two or more than two granularity intervals of 0.074-1 mm, 1-3 mm and 3-5 mm.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20050271936A1 (en) * | 2004-06-07 | 2005-12-08 | Mcgowan Kenneth A | Calcium aluminate clinker as a refractory aggregate with and without barium addition and use thereof |
| CN101723690A (en) * | 2009-04-27 | 2010-06-09 | 中钢集团耐火材料有限公司 | Self-flow castable for filling back seam of side wall of aluminium electrolytic bath |
| CN203855662U (en) * | 2014-05-14 | 2014-10-01 | 湖南创元铝业有限公司 | Cathode structure capable of reducing horizontal current of molten aluminum |
| CN107557813A (en) * | 2017-09-06 | 2018-01-09 | 兰州理工大学 | A kind of cold ramming paste material for electrolytic aluminium cathode can entirety brickwork technology |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20050271936A1 (en) * | 2004-06-07 | 2005-12-08 | Mcgowan Kenneth A | Calcium aluminate clinker as a refractory aggregate with and without barium addition and use thereof |
| CN101723690A (en) * | 2009-04-27 | 2010-06-09 | 中钢集团耐火材料有限公司 | Self-flow castable for filling back seam of side wall of aluminium electrolytic bath |
| CN203855662U (en) * | 2014-05-14 | 2014-10-01 | 湖南创元铝业有限公司 | Cathode structure capable of reducing horizontal current of molten aluminum |
| CN107557813A (en) * | 2017-09-06 | 2018-01-09 | 兰州理工大学 | A kind of cold ramming paste material for electrolytic aluminium cathode can entirety brickwork technology |
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