CN110518353B

CN110518353B - Miniaturized medium cylindrical lens multi-beam antenna

Info

Publication number: CN110518353B
Application number: CN201910705025.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 肖良勇; 王建青; 任玉文; 焦西斌; 王亚
Original assignee: Suzhou Haitian New Antenna Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Xi'an Haitian Antenna Technologies Co.,Ltd.
Priority date: 2019-08-01
Filing date: 2019-08-01
Publication date: 2020-06-12
Anticipated expiration: 2039-08-01
Also published as: CN110518353A

Abstract

The invention provides a miniaturized medium cylindrical lens multi-beam antenna, which belongs to the field of antennas and comprises a dual-polarized lens single-beam unit, a vertical lens single-beam unit and a horizontal lens single-beam unit, wherein the dual-polarized lens single-beam unit comprises the vertical lens single-beam unit and the horizontal lens single-beam unit; the vertical lens single-beam unit and the horizontal lens single-beam unit are arranged along the vertical direction; the vertical lens single-beam unit comprises a cylindrical lens and a vertical polarization dipole with a reflecting plate; the phase center of the vertical polarization dipole is arranged at the focus of the middle loop line on the outer side of the cylindrical lens; the polarization direction of the vertical polarization dipole is parallel to the axis of the cylindrical lens; the structure of the horizontal lens single-beam unit is the same as that of the vertical lens single-beam unit, the axis of the horizontal lens single-beam unit is arranged along the horizontal direction, and the cylindrical lens dual-polarized dual-beam unit also comprises two dual-polarized lens single-beam units which are respectively overlapped by 30 degrees in a left-handed mode and 30 degrees in a right-handed mode. The invention has innovativeness, and enlarges the radiation coverage area of the traditional base station antenna on the basis of meeting the requirements of a mobile communication double-current mode and high gain.

Description

Miniaturized medium cylindrical lens multi-beam antenna

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of base station antennas, in particular to a miniature dielectric cylindrical lens multi-beam antenna.

Background

With the rapid expansion of market demands for mobile communication 4G, 5G, MIMO, satellite communication, radar, electronic warfare and the like, new technical demands have been made on antennas as radio access points. The most important of them is that the antenna can bear super information capacity, but it can not increase the number of antenna sites.

The traditional mobile communication base station antenna comprises a plate-shaped antenna and various lens antennas, and antenna units formed by the plate-shaped antenna and the lens antennas are almost +/-45-degree dual-polarized half-wavelength dipoles. The two dipole phase centers overlap. The radiation field distribution of the two half-wave dipoles in the space is the same and overlapped, and the coverage range and the distance are completely the same. Compared with two separated dipoles, the field strength of the field point is doubled, but the coverage range is limited. For example, chinese patent literature: the antenna elements used in CN107946774A, CN107968266A and CN107959121A are conventional +/-45 ° dual polarized dipoles. Its main disadvantage is that there is interference between the beams due to strong mutual coupling between the +/-45 deg. elements.

As is well known, the conventional method of improving gain of a plate antenna of a mobile communication base station is a phase control technique. That is, the added oscillator units are connected by a phase shifter, and the phase of each unit is controlled so as to be in phase in a predetermined direction. The vertical lobe width is then narrowed, resulting in a smaller beam coverage area. The 5G technique adds vertical phase control in addition to horizontal phase control in order to increase vertical coverage. The coverage area is increased. The phase control technique becomes very complex and in particular the energy consumption rises substantially. The invention is based on the artificial dielectric lens antenna technology, relies on the capability of the lens to beaming electromagnetic waves, does not need a complex high-loss phase control network, improves the gain of the antenna, and has extremely low loss of dielectric materials, so the energy consumption can be greatly reduced.

In order to increase the coverage, one solution of the lens antenna is to arrange two dipole elements above and below a dielectric cylindrical lens in the height direction, and form two non-overlapping beam radiations on the vertical plane. Because the positions of the upper dipole and the lower dipole relative to the cylindrical lens are different (namely, the upper dipole and the lower dipole are not overlapped on the middle ring line of the cylindrical lens), the vertical directional patterns of the upper dipole and the lower dipole are not overlapped, but in the vertical direction, two beams are obtained, one beam covers a near beam at a short distance and the other beam covers a far beam at a long distance, and therefore the vertical coverage range is expanded. However, this scheme can only receive the field strength of one beam at one receiving field point, which is referred to in the industry as "single stream".

In the current standard of mobile communication, "dual stream" is a necessary mode of a BBU transmission mode of a base station, that is, any field point must receive the superposition of the same field intensity of two antennas at the same time. This type of antenna, known as "single-stream" mode, necessarily encounters a bottleneck when it enters the market.

Therefore, a need exists for a lens antenna that achieves high gain and large area coverage in the vertical direction using a small lens volume, and also considers improvement of system capacity and antenna efficiency, thereby creating a technical problem to be solved.

Because the energy consumption efficiency of the base station (including the base station main equipment: power conversion, BBU, RRU, antenna, etc.) is always a big problem to the vast population of antennas, because once the base station is switched on, the base station can not be switched off every day, every month and every year until the base station is changed for next use (the power consumption is continued). The base station is therefore a "power hungry user". Therefore, the power consumption of the base station is an important subject to be faced by operators and the social meaning of saving earth resources. And what antenna technology is adopted by the mobile communication base station is one of the important factors.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problem that antenna gain and vertical plane radiation range can not be achieved at the same time commonly existing in a mobile communication base station in the prior art, the antenna is complex in structure, large in occupied area and high in energy consumption, the miniature medium cylindrical lens multi-beam antenna provided by the invention is a vertical/horizontal polarization double-current multi-beam antenna based on an artificial medium cylindrical lens, and the specific technical scheme is as follows:

a miniaturized dielectric cylindrical lens multi-beam antenna comprises dual-polarized lens single-beam units, wherein the dual-polarized lens single-beam units comprise vertical lens single-beam units and horizontal lens single-beam units; the vertical lens single-beam unit and the horizontal lens single-beam unit are arranged along the vertical direction, and the separation distance between the vertical lens single-beam unit and the horizontal lens single-beam unit is 6-10 mm;

the vertical lens single-beam unit comprises a cylindrical lens, a reflecting plate and a vertical polarization dipole; the vertical polarization dipole is fixedly arranged on the reflecting plate and is arranged at the focus of a middle circular line on the outer side of the cylindrical lens; the polarization direction of the vertical polarization dipole is parallel to the axis of the cylindrical lens;

the horizontal lens single beam unit is the same as the vertical lens single beam unit in structure, and the axis of the horizontal lens single beam unit is arranged along the horizontal direction.

The invention also provides a miniaturized medium cylindrical lens multi-beam antenna which comprises a cylindrical lens dual-polarized dual-beam unit; the cylindrical lens dual-polarized dual-beam unit comprises two dual-polarized lens single-beam units which are arranged in the vertical direction, wherein one dual-polarized lens single-beam unit rotates by +30 degrees along the axis of each cylindrical lens, and the other dual-polarized lens single-beam unit rotates by-30 degrees along the axis of each cylindrical lens.

Preferably, 2 coaxial heads of the dual-polarized lens single-beam unit are directly connected with 2 radio frequency ports of 1 RRU.

Preferably, the aspect ratio of the cylindrical lens is 1:1.4-1.6, and the diameter of the cylindrical lens is 20-40 cm.

Preferably, 4 coaxial heads of the cylindrical lens dual-polarized dual-beam unit are directly connected with 4 radio frequency ports of 2 RRUs.

Preferably, the cylindrical lens is made of artificial dielectric material and comprises a plurality of concentric layers with different dielectric constants, the central cylindrical layer is represented as layer 1, the concentric layers are sequentially arranged outwards in a nested manner around the central cylindrical layer to form a multi-layer cylinder, and the dielectric constants of the concentric layers are gradually reduced from layer 1 outwards;

the dielectric constants of multiple concentric layers in the cylindrical lens are reduced from the layer 1 outwards layer by layer, specifically, the dielectric constant of the layer 1 is 2.05-1.05, and the dielectric constant of the outermost layer is 1.05.

The invention provides another miniaturized dielectric cylindrical lens multi-beam antenna as a first preferred scheme, wherein 2 cylindrical lens dual-polarized dual-beam units are arranged along the vertical direction.

As a second preferred scheme, the invention provides another miniaturized dielectric cylindrical lens multi-beam antenna, wherein 2 cylindrical lens dual-polarized dual-beam units are arranged along the horizontal direction.

As a third preferred embodiment, the invention provides another miniaturized dielectric cylindrical lens multi-beam antenna, and the multi-beam antenna in the second 2 embodiments is arranged along the vertical direction.

As a fourth preferred embodiment, the present invention provides another miniaturized dielectric cylindrical lens multi-beam antenna, wherein the multi-beam antennas in the second embodiment of 3 are arranged on the same horizontal plane at equal intervals along the circumferential direction.

As a fifth preferred embodiment, the present invention provides another miniaturized dielectric cylindrical lens multi-beam antenna, wherein the multi-wavelength antennas in the 2 fourth embodiments are arranged along the vertical direction.

Preferably, the invention also provides application of the miniature dielectric cylindrical lens multi-beam antenna in high-speed rails.

The preferred embodiment of the present invention is to use 1 cylindrical lens dual-polarized single beam unit (2 ports) for 60 ° signal coverage as the basic capacity (i.e. the capacity of one RRU).

The preferred embodiment of the invention is to use 1 cylindrical lens dual-polarized dual-beam unit (4 ports) for 120 ° signal coverage, the most 2 times capacity.

In the preferred embodiment of the invention, 2 cylindrical lens dual-polarized dual-beam units (8 ports) are arranged along the vertical direction and are used for 120-degree signal coverage as 4 times of capacity.

In the preferred embodiment of the invention, 2 cylindrical lens dual-polarized dual-beam units (8 ports) are arranged side by side and used for 120-degree signal coverage as 4 times of capacity.

The preferred embodiment of the invention is to arrange 4 (2 × 2) cylindrical lens dual-polarized dual-beam units (16 ports) in the vertical direction for 120 ° signal coverage as 8 times capacity.

The preferred embodiment of the invention is to arrange 4 (2 × 2) cylindrical lens dual-polarized dual-beam units (16 ports) in the horizontal direction for 120 ° signal coverage as 8 times capacity.

The preferred embodiment of the present invention is to apply the above 3 (4 ports, 8 ports, 16 ports) cylindrical lens dual polarization dual beam units arranged along the vertical/horizontal direction to the three sectors of the cellular phone as 360 ° omni-directional coverage, which are 2 times, 4 times, and 8 times of basic capacity, respectively.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) in the conventional mobile communication base station antenna, the number of antenna units is increased to improve the gain, and each time the gain is improved by 3dB, the number of the antenna units is increased by one time, and meanwhile, the vertical lobe width is narrowed by 1 time, and the vertical coverage of the antenna is reduced. (see fig. 11) the vertical 3dB lobe width of a high iron plate antenna with an antenna gain of 20dBi and a horizontal 3dB lobe width of 30 ° is 7 °, whereas a cylindrical lens antenna can achieve a dual-stream beam gain of 20dBi due to the beam focusing function of the lens, and a vertical lobe width of 30 ° is 4 times that of the plate antenna.

(2) The multi-beam antenna with the miniaturized dielectric cylindrical lens provided by the invention does not need electric regulation, and the +/-3dB vertical beam coverage distance range of the multi-beam antenna is wide in vertical direction coverage distance range of base station radiation due to the wide vertical lobe of the lens antenna provided by the invention, as shown in the +/-3dB coverage distance range of the plate-shaped antenna beam of FIG. 12: 149 m to 563 m, and now the distance between the actual base stations is about 500 m. And the miniaturized lens antenna covers the distance range: 44 meters to 1313 meters. If the small lens antenna provided by the invention is used for the base station, the distance between the base stations can be enlarged by more than 1 kilometer, the number of the base stations is reduced by one time (high-speed rail and highway scenes) to three times (wide area scenes), and the construction cost of one base station is dozens of ten thousand yuan, so that the multi-beam antenna provided by the invention can reduce the cost and increase the investment benefit.

(3) In the prior art, the gain of the antenna is improved, the plate-shaped antenna is connected by a radio frequency cable by adding an antenna unit, the phase of the unit is controlled by a phase shifter, the amplitude of the unit and other components are adjusted by a power distributor, the radio frequency power enters the antenna oscillator and is transmitted through the radio frequency network to be converted into electromagnetic wave radiation, and a large amount of electric energy is consumed in the energy conversion process. In a 5G network, the number of antenna units is as high as hundreds, the energy consumption is multiplied by 4G, and the antenna efficiency of the miniaturized dielectric cylindrical lens multi-beam antenna provided by the invention can reach 90%. As a traditional plate-shaped antenna with the same gain, the antenna efficiency is measured to be 66% in a static microwave darkroom, electricity can be saved by 24%, and energy conservation and consumption reduction can generate great benefits. If the antenna efficiency is only 30-50% under the outdoor on-site multi-user service, the energy-saving benefit of the invention is larger.

(4) In reverse view of the multi-beam antenna with the miniaturized dielectric cylindrical lens, the port of the multi-beam antenna is directly connected with the port of the RRU, the radio frequency power is fed to the dipole, and the insertion loss generated by a complex beam forming network as the traditional plate-shaped antenna does not exist in the middle, so that the antenna efficiency is high.

(5) The vertical lens single-beam unit and the horizontal lens single-beam unit provided by the invention are independent radio frequency units, and the interference between independent beams is minimum. The channel transmission signal-to-interference ratio (S/N) is high, the transmission rate is high, and the system capacity is large. In a gathering meeting of tens of thousands of people in a certain stadium, the uplink throughput of the antenna is 3.2 times that of a planar array antenna, the maximum number of activated users is 2.5 times that of the planar array antenna, and the advantage of high capacity of the antenna is shown.

(6) Compared with the capacity improvement of the dual-polarized dual-beam split dual-beam (4-port) of the traditional plate-shaped antenna, the capacity of the plate-shaped antenna is 0.3, the capacity of the antenna provided by the invention is 0.85 which is 3 times of that of the plate-shaped antenna, and the advantages are obvious.

Drawings

FIG. 1a is a front view of a vertical lens single beam element (1 RF port);

FIG. 1b is a right side view of a vertical lens single beam element (1 RF port);

FIG. 1c is the measured horizontal directional pattern of FIG. 1 a;

FIG. 1d is the measured vertical pattern of FIG. 1 a;

FIG. 2a is a front view of a horizontal lens single beam element (1 RF port);

FIG. 2b is a right side view of a horizontal lens single beam element (1 RF port);

FIG. 2c is the measured horizontal directional pattern of FIG. 2 a;

FIG. 2d is the measured vertical direction of FIG. 2 a;

fig. 3a is a front view of a dual polarized lens single beam element (2 rf ports);

fig. 3b is a right side view of a dual polarized lens single beam element (2 rf ports);

FIG. 3c is the measured horizontal directional pattern of FIG. 3 a;

FIG. 3d is the measured vertical pattern of FIG. 3 a;

fig. 4a is a front view of a cylindrical lens dual-polarized dual-beam unit (4 rf ports);

fig. 4b is a right side view of a cylindrical lens dual-polarized dual-beam unit (4 rf ports);

FIG. 4c is the measured horizontal directional pattern of FIG. 4 a;

FIG. 4d is the measured vertical pattern of FIG. 4 a;

fig. 5a is a schematic diagram of a dual polarized lens single beam antenna (2 rf ports);

FIG. 5b is a schematic diagram of the RF port of FIG. 5 a;

FIG. 6a is a schematic diagram of a dual-polarized lens dual-beam antenna; (4 radio frequency ports)

FIG. 6b is a schematic diagram of the RF port of FIG. 6 a;

fig. 7a is a schematic diagram of a 4-beam large-capacity antenna (8 rf ports);

fig. 7b is a schematic diagram of a horizontally arranged 4-beam large-capacity antenna (8 rf ports);

FIG. 7c is a schematic view of the RF port of FIGS. 7a and 7 b;

fig. 8a is a schematic diagram of an 8-beam ultra-large capacity antenna (16 rf ports);

FIG. 8b is a schematic diagram of the RF port of FIG. 8 a;

fig. 9a is a schematic diagram of a 12-beam ultra-large capacity antenna (24 rf ports);

FIG. 9b is a top view of FIG. 9 a;

FIG. 9c is a schematic view of the RF port of FIG. 9 a;

FIG. 10a is a schematic diagram of a 24-beam giant antenna (48 RF ports);

FIG. 10b is the RF port of FIG. 10a

FIG. 11 is a vertical pattern comparison of the antenna of the present invention with a conventional plate antenna;

FIG. 12 is a comparison of the vertical distance range of the antenna of the present invention compared to a conventional plate antenna;

fig. 13 is a comparative test environment for plate antenna and lens antenna coverage.

The specific meanings of the symbols in the drawings are as follows:

1: a cylindrical lens; 2: a vertically polarized dipole; 3: the dipoles are horizontally polarized.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to fig. 1a to 4d, one of the technical solutions of the miniaturized dielectric cylindrical lens multi-beam antenna provided by the present invention is: a miniaturized dielectric cylindrical lens multi-beam antenna comprises dual-polarized lens single-beam units (2 ports), wherein the dual-polarized lens single-beam units comprise vertical lens single-beam units and horizontal lens single-beam units; the vertical lens single-beam unit and the horizontal lens single-beam unit are arranged along the vertical direction, and the separation distance between the vertical lens single-beam unit and the horizontal lens single-beam unit is 6-10 mm; the dual-polarized lens single-beam unit provided by the invention can be directly connected with one RRU (remote radio unit) of 2T2R to feed radio frequency power to a dipole without loss generated by a complex beam forming network like a traditional plate antenna, the antenna efficiency can reach 90%, and the same-gain plate antenna efficiency is less than 70%.

The vertical lens single-beam unit provided by the invention comprises a cylindrical lens 1, a reflecting plate and a vertical polarization dipole 2; the vertical polarization dipole 2 is fixedly arranged on the reflecting plate, and the polarization direction of the vertical polarization dipole 2 is parallel to the axis of the cylindrical lens 1; the vertically polarized dipole 2 is arranged at the focus of a middle loop line on the outer side of the cylindrical lens 1; the electromagnetic wave of the antenna unit with the frequency band of 1710-2690MHz is radiated out through the cylindrical lens in a beam-focusing manner. The invention properly selects the height and diameter size of the cylindrical lens according to the working frequency (namely the height-diameter ratio of the cylindrical lens is 1:1.4-1.6, and the diameter of the cylindrical lens is 20-40 cm) to obtain a symmetrical single beam. The 3dB lobe widths of the horizontal plane and the vertical plane are both 20-35 degrees, the gain is about 14-16dBi, and the three-dimensional space range of 60 degrees of the horizontal plane and 60 degrees of the vertical plane is covered.

The horizontal lens single-beam unit structure provided by the invention is the same as the vertical lens single-beam unit structure, and the axis of the horizontal lens single-beam unit structure is arranged along the horizontal direction. The vertical lens single beam unit is turned over by 90 degrees to form a horizontal lens single beam unit, wherein the vertical polarization dipole 2 is changed into a horizontal polarization dipole 3, and the horizontal lens single beam unit is called as a horizontal lens single beam unit (1 port).

The cylindrical lens provided by the invention is made of artificial dielectric materials and comprises a plurality of concentric layers with different dielectric constants, wherein the central cylindrical layer is represented as a layer 1, the concentric layers are sequentially arranged outwards in a nested manner around the central cylindrical layer to form a multi-layer cylinder, and the dielectric constants of the concentric layers are gradually reduced from the layer 1 outwards;

the dielectric constant of a plurality of concentric layers in the cylindrical lens is reduced from the 1 st layer to the outside layer by layer, specifically, the dielectric constant of the 1 st layer is 2.05 and the dielectric constant of the outermost layer is 1.05. Among them, the cylindrical lens used in the present invention is the cylindrical lens disclosed in the patent CN 107959122A.

The invention provides another technical scheme of the miniaturized dielectric cylindrical lens multi-beam antenna, which is as follows:

the 'dual-polarized lens single-beam unit' is a basic unit for designing a dual-polarized multi-port and multi-application base station lens multi-beam antenna architecture. The dipole is a basic unit for designing a plate-shaped array antenna of the base station.

The dual-polarization dual-beam unit comprises a cylindrical lens; the cylindrical lens dual-polarized dual-beam unit comprises two dual-polarized lens single-beam units, the two dual-polarized lens single-beam units are vertically separated and overlapped, one dual-polarized lens single-beam unit rotates by +30 degrees along the axis of each cylindrical lens, and the other dual-polarized lens single-beam unit rotates by-30 degrees along the axis of each cylindrical lens.

The miniaturized dielectric cylindrical lens multi-beam antenna provided by the invention can obtain two identical beams separated by 60 degrees on a horizontal plane, and covers a 120-degree horizontal plane and a 60-degree vertical plane in three-dimensional space.

The obtained lens unit with 4 ports as a group is called a cylindrical lens dual-polarization dual-beam unit (4 ports), and is similar to a split dual-beam antenna (4 ports) of a plate-shaped antenna. May be applied in connection with two 2T2R RRUs.

According to the capacity expansion requirement, according to the method, the cylindrical lens double-flow double-beam unit (4 ports) can be vertically arranged in a collinear manner or arranged side by side to form a multi-port 'small-medium cylindrical lens multi-beam antenna' with 8 ports (4 RRUs), figures 7a-7c of 16 ports (8 RRUs), figures 8a-8b of 24 ports (12 RRUs), figures 9a-9c of figures 24 ports (24 RRUs) and figures 10a-10b of figures, and the high capacity covers a 120-degree horizontal sector. Applied to three sectors of a cellular base station, a layer of iron tower can be provided with a miniaturized dielectric cylindrical lens multi-beam antenna with 24 RRUs with ultra-large capacity for omnidirectional coverage, as shown in figures 10a-10 b. The device is arranged on the first layer of the single-pipe tower, saves a large amount of roofs and has considerable benefits.

Example 1:

the multi-beam antenna with the miniaturized dielectric cylindrical lens provided in this embodiment is a single-beam antenna, the single-beam antenna includes 1 single-beam unit (2 rf ports) with a dual-polarized lens, and the single-beam unit with the dual-polarized lens is disposed inside a radome with a diameter of 406mm and a height of 570mm, wherein the single-beam unit with the dual-polarized lens includes a single-beam unit with a vertical lens and a single-beam unit with a horizontal lens, and an interval between the single-beam unit with the vertical lens and the single-beam unit with the horizontal lens is 8mm (fig. 5a and 5 b).

That is, the antenna of the present embodiment is a single beam antenna, and the volume is small, but the 3dB lobe widths of the horizontal plane and the vertical plane of the single beam antenna are both 20 ° to 35 °, the gain is about 14-16dBi, and the single beam antenna covers the three-dimensional spatial range of the range of 60 ° in the horizontal plane and 60 ° in the vertical plane. The single-beam antenna in the embodiment is suitable for the coverage environment with long-distance deep field intensity, such as high-speed railways, expressways, bridges and tunnels.

Example 2

The multi-beam antenna of the miniaturized dielectric cylindrical lens provided by the embodiment is a dual-beam antenna (4 radio frequency ports), and the dual-beam antenna comprises a cylindrical lens dual-polarized dual-beam unit; the cylindrical lens dual-polarized dual-beam unit comprises 2 dual-polarized lens single-beam units, the two dual-polarized lens single-beam units are arranged in the vertical direction, one dual-polarized lens single-beam unit rotates by +30 degrees along the axis of each cylindrical lens, and the other dual-polarized lens single-beam unit rotates by-30 degrees along the axis of each cylindrical lens; the cylindrical lens dual-polarized dual-beam unit is disposed inside an antenna housing (fig. 6a and 6 b) with a diameter of 406mm and a height of 1200mm, that is, the antenna of this embodiment is a single-beam antenna, and the volume is small, but the dual-beam antenna provided by this embodiment obtains two identical beams separated by 60 ° on the horizontal plane, and covers a 120 ° horizontal plane and a 60 ° vertical plane three-dimensional space.

Example 3

In the embodiment, a cylindrical lens double-flow double-beam unit is used as a basic unit, and 2 cylindrical lens double-flow double-beam units are arranged in the vertical direction to obtain a 4-beam large-capacity antenna (8 radio frequency ports); the two-flow two-beam unit spacing of the 2 cylindrical lenses is 1/3 wavelengths (fig. 7a and 7 c). The embodiment can support large-capacity user access, can install emergency communication in a single site, and can be applied to densely populated areas such as stations, scenic spots, schools and the like.

Example 4

In this embodiment, a cylindrical lens dual-flow dual-beam unit is used as a basic unit, and 2 cylindrical lens dual-flow dual-beam units are arranged in the horizontal direction, so as to obtain a 4-beam large-capacity antenna (8 radio frequency ports) (fig. 7b and 7 c); the 4-beam large-capacity antenna can support large-capacity user access, can be used for single-site installation of emergency communication, and can be applied to densely populated areas such as stations, scenic spots and schools.

Example 5

In this embodiment, 2 antennas with 4 beams and large capacity in embodiment 4 are arranged in the vertical direction, and the vertical distance is 1/3 wavelengths, so as to obtain antennas (16 radio frequency ports) with 8 beams and ultra-large capacity (fig. 8a and 8 b).

Example 6

In the embodiment, 4-beam large-capacity antennas in 3 embodiments 4 are arranged on the same horizontal plane along the circumferential direction at equal intervals of 120 ° and 3 sectors (fig. 9a, 9b and 9 c); the 12-beam ultra-large-capacity antenna is obtained, and the 12-beam ultra-large-capacity antenna can support access of large-capacity users and is suitable for densely populated areas such as squares, stations and scenic spots.

Example 7

In this embodiment, the 12-beam ultra-large-capacity antennas in 2 embodiments 6 are arranged in the vertical direction, so as to obtain a 24-beam giant-bodied antenna. The 24-beam giant-passivity antenna (10 a, 10 b) of the embodiment can support access of ultra-large-capacity users, and is suitable for densely populated areas such as squares, stations, scenic spots and the like.

Comparative example 1

Provided in comparative example 1 is a plate antenna: a conventional 1.3 x 0.3m plate antenna; the measured gain is 18dBi, and the measured gain of the dual-beam antenna provided by the embodiment 1 can reach 15 dBi.

Referring to fig. 13, the plate antenna of comparative example 1 and the lens antenna of example 1 were tested on the highway, and the device parameters of the plate antenna and the lens antenna are shown in table 1:

TABLE 1 Equipment parameters for plate and lens antennas

Device	Power/gain	Frequency (MHZ)	Number of
				Private network base station	10W/single channel	1785-1805	1
CPE	2W	1785-1805	1
				CIP antenna	3dBi	1785-1805	1
Plate-shaped antenna	18dBi	1710-2170	1
				Lens antenna	15dBi	1710-2170	1

The patch antenna in comparative example 1 and the lens antenna in example 1 were tested by cpe at 4.86km, 3.7km, and 2.8 km:

test 1: when the plate-shaped antenna is tested at the positions of 4.86km, 3.7km and 2.8km, the output power of the base station is 43 dBm;

and (3) testing 2: when the lens antenna is tested at the positions of 4.86km, 3.7km and 2.8km, the output power of the base station is 43 dBm;

and (3) testing: when the lens antenna is tested at the positions of 4.86km, 3.7km and 2.8km, the output power of the base station is 40 dBm;

the results of test 1, test 2 and test 3 are shown in table 2 below;

TABLE 2

From table 2 above, it can be seen that: compared with the data of the test 1 and the test 2, when the base station input power is the same and is 43dBm (20W), and the tests are carried out at 4.86km, 3.7km and 2.8km, the lens antenna in the embodiment 1 has the receiving field intensity which is 6-8dBm higher than that of the plate antenna in the comparative example 1, and the uplink speed is 2-4.5M higher than that of the plate antenna in the comparative example 1.

Data comparison for test 1 and test 3:

when the plate-shaped antenna is tested: input power is 43dBm (20W), gain is 18 dBi; when the lens antenna is tested: the input power is 40dBm (10W) and the gain is 158 dBi.

However, the lens antenna in example 1 has a reception field strength 0-2dbm higher and an uplink rate 1.7-4.6M higher than that of the plate antenna in comparative example 1.

Therefore, even if the input power of the lens antenna is reduced to 40dBm (when the power is reduced by one time), at the same receiving field strength (80 dBm), the uplink rate of 12.4M of the lens antenna is still higher than the uplink rate of 10.0M of the plate antenna (the input power is 43 dBm), which indicates that the signal level S of the lens antenna is higher than that of the plate antenna, and the interference level N (including loss, noise caused by multi-pads, etc.) of the plate antenna is much higher than that of the lens antenna. That is, according to shannon' S theorem, the S/N of the lens antenna is much higher than that of the plate antenna, and the larger the signal-to-noise ratio is, the higher the transmission rate is, the lower the error rate is, and the higher the system capacity is. Therefore, as can be seen from comparison of example 1 with comparative example 1, although the gain in comparative example 1 is higher than that in example 1, the transmission efficiency and the system capacity of the lens antenna provided in example 1 are higher than those in comparative example 1.

Rmax=W*log2(1+S/N) （1）

Wherein: rmax is also expressed as system capacity, W is channel bandwidth (megahertz per second), and S/N is signal-to-noise ratio;

the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A miniaturized dielectric cylindrical lens multi-beam antenna is characterized by comprising dual-polarized lens single-beam units, wherein the dual-polarized lens single-beam units comprise vertical lens single-beam units and horizontal lens single-beam units; the vertical lens single-beam unit and the horizontal lens single-beam unit are arranged along the vertical direction, and the separation distance between the vertical lens single-beam unit and the horizontal lens single-beam unit is 6-10 mm;

the vertical lens single-beam unit comprises a cylindrical lens, a reflecting plate and a vertical polarization dipole; the vertical polarization dipole is fixedly arranged on the reflecting plate, and the phase center of the vertical polarization dipole is arranged at the focus of the middle loop line on the outer side of the cylindrical lens; the polarization direction of the vertical polarization dipole is parallel to the axis of the cylindrical lens;

the horizontal lens single beam unit has the same structure as the vertical lens single beam unit, and the axis of the horizontal lens single beam unit is arranged along the horizontal direction; 2 coaxial heads of the single beam unit of the dual-polarized lens are directly connected with 2 radio frequency ports of 1 RRU.

2. A miniaturized dielectric cylindrical lens multi-beam antenna is characterized by comprising a cylindrical lens dual-polarized dual-beam unit; the cylindrical lens dual-polarized dual-beam unit comprises two dual-polarized lens single-beam units as claimed in claim 1 arranged in a vertical direction, wherein one dual-polarized lens single-beam unit is rotated by +30 ° along the axis of the respective cylindrical lens, and the other dual-polarized lens single-beam unit is rotated by-30 ° along the axis of the respective cylindrical lens; 2 coaxial heads of the single beam unit of the dual-polarized lens are directly connected with 2 radio frequency ports of 1 RRU.

3. The multi-beam antenna of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the cylindrical lens has an aspect ratio of 1:1.4-1.6 and a diameter of 20-40 cm.

4. The multi-beam antenna of claims 1 or 2, wherein the cylindrical lens is made of an artificial dielectric material and includes a plurality of concentric layers of differing dielectric constants, a central cylindrical layer being designated as layer 1, each concentric layer being nested one inside the other around the central cylindrical layer to form a multi-layered cylinder, the dielectric constants of the plurality of concentric layers of differing dielectric constants decreasing from layer 1 to layer;

the dielectric constants of a plurality of concentric layers with different dielectric constants in the cylindrical lens are reduced from the layer 1 outwards layer by layer, specifically, the dielectric constants are changed between 2.05 and 1.05, the dielectric constant of the layer 1 is 2.05, and the dielectric constant of the outermost layer is 1.05.

5. The multiple beam antenna of claim 2, wherein 2 cylindrical lensed dual polarized dual beam elements are arranged in a vertical direction.

6. The multiple beam antenna of claim 2, wherein 2 cylindrical lensed dual polarized dual beam elements are arranged horizontally.

7. A miniaturized dielectric cylindrical lens multi-beam antenna characterized in that 2 multi-beam antennas according to claim 6 are arranged in vertical direction.

8. A multi-beam antenna with a miniaturized dielectric cylindrical lens, characterized in that 3 multi-beam antennas according to claim 6 are arranged on the same horizontal plane at equal intervals along the circumferential direction.

9. A miniaturized dielectric cylindrical lens multiple beam antenna characterized in that 2 multiple beam antennas according to claim 8 are arranged in vertical direction.