CN110508403B - Method for strengthening coal slime flotation by combining hydrogen and oxygen plasmas - Google Patents
Method for strengthening coal slime flotation by combining hydrogen and oxygen plasmas Download PDFInfo
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- CN110508403B CN110508403B CN201910788432.6A CN201910788432A CN110508403B CN 110508403 B CN110508403 B CN 110508403B CN 201910788432 A CN201910788432 A CN 201910788432A CN 110508403 B CN110508403 B CN 110508403B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/001—Flotation agents
- B03D1/018—Mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/02—Froth-flotation processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D2203/00—Specified materials treated by the flotation agents; specified applications
- B03D2203/02—Ores
- B03D2203/04—Non-sulfide ores
- B03D2203/08—Coal ores, fly ash or soot
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for strengthening coal slime flotation by combining hydrogen and oxygen plasmas, which comprises the following steps: the dry coal slime is selectively treated by hydrogen plasmas to improve the surface hydrophobicity of organic matters and directly enlarge the floatability difference between the dry coal slime and inorganic minerals; the conventional collecting agent is firstly emulsified and fully dispersed, and then activated by oxygen plasma in an aqueous solution environment, so that the trapping performance of the agent is improved; mixing the dry coal slime treated by the hydrogen plasma and the medicament aqueous solution treated by the oxygen plasma for size mixing so as to fully adsorb the medicament and the coal slime; the ore pulp is added with the foaming agent and stirred, and then fed into a flotation device, bubbles are introduced to enrich combustible bodies in the foam, inorganic minerals do not float upwards, and the combustible bodies are efficiently recovered. The method of the invention can obviously reduce the dosage of the coal slime flotation reagent, effectively improve the recovery rate of combustible bodies and obviously reduce the loss of clean coal.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of flotation, in particular to a method for strengthening coal slime flotation by combining hydrogen and oxygen plasmas, and is particularly suitable for a plasma strengthening ash flotation method for oxidized coal, low-rank coal and other difficult-to-float coal.
Background
Flotation is a mature and effective method for improving the quality of coal slime. The coal slime surface is modified by a medicament, so that the hydrophobicity of the coal slime surface is improved, but the dispersion effect of a nonpolar medicament such as diesel oil, kerosene and the like in a water environment is poor, on the basis, a learner emulsifies the nonpolar medicament, so that the dispersion effect of the nonpolar medicament in a water solution is improved, and the composite medicament is generated. The collecting agents containing polar functional groups such as tetrahydrofuran, biodiesel, oxidized diesel oil and the like can effectively collect organic matters. The scholars also directly modify the nonpolar collector by using the dielectric barrier oxygen plasma to prepare the heteropolar collector for flotation of low-order coal slime, however, the method does not modify the nonpolar collector in a flotation environment (water environment), but modifies a pure chemical agent, and is different from the actual flotation situation.
In addition, the method for improving the surface hydrophobicity of the coal slime through the adsorption of the medicament only indirectly modifies the surface of the coal slime, the hydrophobicity of the coal slime is not changed, and a method for directly modifying the surface hydrophobicity of the coal slime is lacked at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the coal slime flotation process, provides a method for directly improving the surface hydrophobicity of the coal slime and improving the trapping capacity of a collecting agent in a water environment, and can effectively improve the floatability of the coal slime, reduce the loss of organic matters, improve the flotation process index and reduce the medicine consumption.
The low-temperature plasma is a mature and effective modification means, can excite, dissociate and ionize molecules on the surface of a reactant, change the group composition of the surface of the reactant, and can still maintain the bulk performance. The hydrogen plasma can be used for improving the number of hydrophobic groups on the surface of dry coal slime and improving the floatability of the coal slime, the conventional collecting agent has stronger collecting capability after being activated by the oxygen plasma, and the two plasmas have synergistic effect and are beneficial to strengthening coal slime flotation.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a method for strengthening coal slime flotation by combining hydrogen and oxygen plasmas comprises the processes of coal slime hydrogen plasma treatment, oxygen plasma activation after collector emulsification, mixed size mixing and flotation, wherein the coal slime is subjected to hydrogen plasma selective treatment, so that the content of hydrophobic groups on the surface of the coal slime is improved, the surface hydrophobicity of organic matters is improved, and the floatability difference between the coal slime and inorganic minerals is directly enlarged; the conventional collecting agent is firstly emulsified and fully dispersed, and then activated by oxygen plasma in an aqueous solution environment, so that the trapping performance of the agent is improved; mixing the coal slime treated by the hydrogen plasma and a medicament aqueous solution activated by the oxygen plasma for size mixing so as to fully adsorb the medicament and the coal slime; the ore pulp is added with the foaming agent and stirred, and then fed into a flotation device, bubbles are introduced, the combustible body is enriched in the foam, the inorganic mineral does not float upwards, and the high-efficiency recovery of the combustible body is realized.
Further, the hydrogen plasma treatment material is dry coal slime.
Further, there are various ways of generating hydrogen plasma, such as glow discharge plasma, dielectric barrier plasma, radio frequency plasma, tip discharge plasma, etc., and preferably, the way of generating hydrogen plasma in the present invention is radio frequency plasma.
Furthermore, the hydrogen plasma reaction cavity is an overturning plasma reaction cavity.
Further, the conventional collecting agent is emulsified and dispersed and then fed into an oxygen plasma reaction tank.
Further, the oxygen plasma is generated in a high voltage point discharge plasma.
Preferably, the gas charging quantity of the hydrogen plasma gas is 30-75L/(min. m)2)。
Preferably, the hydrogen plasma modification time is 5-10 min.
Preferably, the ratio of the hydrogen to argon concentration by volume is 3: 97.
Preferably, the aeration quantity of the oxygen plasma gas is 30L/(min m)2)。
Preferably, the oxygen plasma modification time is 5-9 min.
According to the invention, the coal slime is modified by using hydrogen plasma, the conventional collecting agent is activated in a water environment by using oxygen plasma, and finally, the high-efficiency removal of inorganic minerals is realized by positive flotation. The hydrogen plasma has the function of activating hydrogen atoms to perform reduction reaction with polar functional groups on the surface of coal slime, removing oxygen-containing groups on the surface of the organic matter and simultaneously improving the content of hydrophobic groups, and directly improving the hydrophobic capacity of the surface of the organic matter. The oxygen plasma has the function of activating the introduced polar functional group of oxygen atoms in the conventional collecting agent, so that the collecting capability of the oxygen plasma on coal slime is improved. The combination of the hydrogen and the oxygen plasmas further improves the action effect of the coal and the medicament and strengthens the coal slime flotation.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the method for strengthening coal slime flotation by combining the hydrogen and oxygen plasmas has the following advantages: can effectively reduce the medicament consumption during the coal slime flotation and improve the flotation index. Starting from the direct modification of the floating raw materials, the floatability of organic matters in the fed materials is fundamentally improved, and the trapping performance of the chemical is improved by combining a plasma activation method, so that internal and external favorable conditions are provided for the sufficient flotation of organic combustible bodies, the consumption of the chemical is reduced, and good indexes are obtained; an effective way is provided for improving the flotation upgrading efficiency of the coal slime. The combination of hydrogen and oxygen plasmas can further reduce the drug consumption. The method of the invention can reduce the using amount of the collector in coal slime flotation compared with the conventional flotation, and improve the yield of clean coal. The problem of poor effect of the existing flotation operation is solved, and the purpose of the invention is achieved.
The invention provides a method for enhancing coal slime flotation by hydrogen and oxygen plasmas, which adopts the hydrogen and oxygen plasmas to modify the coal slime and activate a conventional collecting agent in an aqueous solution respectively, so that the hydrophobicity of the coal slime is improved, the adsorption capacity of the collecting agent is improved, the consumption of a medicament is reduced, and an effective way is provided for improving the coal slime flotation upgrading efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow diagram of a plasma enhanced coal slurry flotation process;
fig. 2 is a graph of the change in coal surface contact angle before and after hydrogen plasma treatment and after adsorption of an oxygen plasma-activated collector for the examples.
Detailed Description
The method comprises the processes of coal slime hydrogen plasma treatment, oxygen plasma activation after the emulsification of a collecting agent, mixed size mixing and flotation, wherein the content of hydrophobic groups on the surface of the coal slime is improved by the selective treatment of the hydrogen plasma of dry coal slime, the hydrophobicity of the surface of an organic matter is improved, and the floatability difference between the dry coal slime and an inorganic mineral is directly enlarged; the conventional collecting agent is firstly emulsified and fully dispersed, and then activated by oxygen plasma in an aqueous solution environment, so that the trapping performance of the agent is improved; mixing the dry coal slime treated by the hydrogen plasma with a collecting agent aqueous solution activated by oxygen plasma, and performing size mixing to enable the agent to be fully adsorbed with the coal slime; the ore pulp is added with the foaming agent and stirred, and then fed into a flotation device, bubbles are introduced, the combustible body is enriched in the foam, the inorganic mineral does not float upwards, and the high-efficiency recovery of the combustible body is realized.
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and examples.
The method utilizes hydrogen plasma to improve the difference of the hydrophobic properties of the organic matter surface and the gangue surface, and adopts oxygen plasma to activate the conventional collector aqueous solution to perform coal slime flotation, thereby realizing the plasma enhanced coal slime flotation method. The method takes the hydrogen plasma enhanced dry coal slime hydrophobicity-oxygen plasma activated enhanced collecting capability of the collecting agent as a core, and realizes the improvement of the coal slime flotation effect.
Example (b): the low-rank coal in Shendong is used as a test coal sample, the water content is less than 10 percent, the coal sample is ground to-0.074 mm, the ash content is 19.77 percent, and the impurity minerals are mainly quartz, kaolinite and the like.
Firstly, a direct flotation test of a test coal sample is carried out, wherein the flotation conditions are as follows: the flotation concentration is 80g/l, the collecting agent is diesel oil, the using amount is 7500g/t, the rotation speed of a flotation machine is 1800rpm, the aeration quantity is 500ml/min, the foaming agent is sec-octanol, the using amount is 2500g/t, foam and tank bottom products are collected through one-time flotation, the foam becomes clean coal, the tank bottom products are tail coal, and the result is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 direct flotation results for low rank coals
Then, modifying coal slime by adopting hydrogen plasma for 5min, uniformly mixing the coal slime with a collecting agent aqueous solution activated by oxygen plasma for 5min, adding a foaming agent, inflating and scraping bubbles, wherein the flotation conditions are as follows: the flotation concentration is 80g/l, the collecting agent is diesel oil activated by oxygen plasma, the using amount is 2500g/t, the rotation speed of a flotation machine is 1800rpm, the aeration quantity is 500ml/min, the foaming agent is sec-octanol, the using amount is 2500g/t, foam and tank bottom products are collected through one-time flotation, the foam becomes clean coal, the tank bottom products are tail coal, and the result is shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 plasma enhanced Low rank coal flotation results
As can be seen from tables 1 and 2, the yield of clean coal reaches 31.45% and the ash content of the clean coal reaches 7.55% when the diesel oil is used as the collecting agent in the unprocessed raw coal and the amount of the diesel oil is 7500 g/t. By adopting the collector activated by the oxygen plasma for flotation after the hydrogen plasma modified coal slime, 2/3 consumption of the collector can be saved, and the yield of clean coal of nearly 50 percentage points is improved.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it should be noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for strengthening coal slime flotation by combining hydrogen and oxygen plasmas is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: feeding the coal slime into a hydrogen plasma reaction cavity, and carrying out contact reaction with hydrogen plasma;
step 2: the conventional collecting agent is emulsified and fully dispersed in an aqueous solution environment, and then is fed into an oxygen plasma reactor to contact and react with oxygen plasma;
and step 3: feeding the coal slime subjected to plasma treatment and a conventional collecting agent solution into a size mixing device, and fully mixing;
and 4, step 4: after the size mixing is finished, adding a foaming agent into ore pulp consisting of coal slime and a conventional collecting agent solution, and feeding the ore pulp into a flotation device;
and 5: and adding bubbles into the flotation device to enrich the combustible bodies in the foam, so as to realize combustible body recovery.
2. The method for the flotation of the coal slime through the combination of the hydrogen and the oxygen plasmas as claimed in claim 1, wherein the coal slime is dry coal slime.
3. The method for the flotation of the coal slime by combining the hydrogen and the oxygen plasmas as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hydrogen plasmas are generated in a mode that: glow discharge plasma, dielectric barrier plasma, radio frequency plasma, tip discharge plasma.
4. The method for the flotation of the coal slime through the combination of the hydrogen and the oxygen plasmas as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hydrogen plasma reaction chamber is an overturning plasma reaction chamber.
5. The method for flotation of coal slime through combination of hydrogen and oxygen plasmas as claimed in claim 1, wherein the aeration quantity of hydrogen plasma gas in a hydrogen plasma reaction chamber is 30-75L/(min-m) m2)。
6. The method for strengthening coal slime flotation by combining hydrogen and oxygen plasmas as claimed in claim 1, wherein the oxygen plasma is generated by high-voltage point discharge plasma.
7. The method for the flotation of the coal slime by combining the hydrogen and the oxygen plasmas as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hydrogen plasma modification time is 5-10 min.
8. The method for the flotation of the coal slime through the combination of the hydrogen and the oxygen plasmas as claimed in claim 1, wherein the volume concentration ratio of the hydrogen to the argon in the hydrogen plasma gas is 3: 97.
9. The method for flotation of coal slime through combination of hydrogen and oxygen plasmas as claimed in claim 1, wherein the aeration amount of oxygen plasma gas in the oxygen plasma reactor is 30L/(min-m)2)。
10. The method for the flotation of the coal slime by combining the hydrogen and the oxygen plasmas as claimed in claim 1, wherein the modification time of the oxygen plasmas is 5-9 min.
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| CN112588428A (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2021-04-02 | 宝鸡文理学院 | Method for separating PET and PVC based on low-temperature plasma induced flotation |
| CN113560045A (en) * | 2021-06-23 | 2021-10-29 | 太原理工大学 | Method for enhancing flotation selectivity of coal slime |
| CN115475702A (en) * | 2022-10-17 | 2022-12-16 | 山东理工大学 | Mineral processing method for modifying and strengthening arsenic removal of pyrite by low-temperature plasma |
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| JPH0234509A (en) * | 1988-07-22 | 1990-02-05 | Noritake Co Ltd | Process and apparatus for preparation of polycrystalline diamond by core body floating method |
| CN109896611A (en) * | 2017-12-07 | 2019-06-18 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | The removing method and its device of foam in a kind of beneficiation wastewater |
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| Title |
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