CN110501850B - Array substrate, liquid crystal display device and driving method - Google Patents
Array substrate, liquid crystal display device and driving method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110501850B CN110501850B CN201910746291.1A CN201910746291A CN110501850B CN 110501850 B CN110501850 B CN 110501850B CN 201910746291 A CN201910746291 A CN 201910746291A CN 110501850 B CN110501850 B CN 110501850B
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1343—Electrodes
- G02F1/134309—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1343—Electrodes
- G02F1/134309—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement
- G02F1/134363—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement for applying an electric field parallel to the substrate, i.e. in-plane switching [IPS]
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/136—Liquid crystal cells structurally associated with a semi-conducting layer or substrate, e.g. cells forming part of an integrated circuit
- G02F1/1362—Active matrix addressed cells
- G02F1/136286—Wiring, e.g. gate line, drain line
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/34—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
- G09G3/36—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using liquid crystals
- G09G3/3611—Control of matrices with row and column drivers
- G09G3/3696—Generation of voltages supplied to electrode drivers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1343—Electrodes
- G02F1/134309—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement
- G02F1/134381—Hybrid switching mode, i.e. for applying an electric field with components parallel and orthogonal to the substrates
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Abstract
An array substrate, a liquid crystal display device and a driving method are provided, wherein the array substrate is provided with a first signal line, a second signal line and a plurality of common electrode strips, the common electrode strips are arranged at intervals in the direction of a data line, each common electrode strip extends along the direction of a scanning line and corresponds to a row of pixel units, the nth common electrode strip corresponds to the nth row of pixel units, and the nth row of pixel units are connected with the nth scanning line through a thin film transistor; each common electrode strip is connected with a first signal line through a first control switch, and is also connected with a second signal line through a second control switch; aiming at a first control switch and a second control switch which are connected with the nth common electrode strip, the control end of the first control switch is connected with one scanning line which is positioned in front of the nth scanning line, and the control end of the second control switch is connected with one scanning line which is positioned behind the nth scanning line; wherein n is any integer greater than or equal to 1.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of liquid crystal display, in particular to an array substrate, a liquid crystal display device and a driving method.
Background
A Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) has the advantages of good picture quality, small size, light weight, low driving voltage, low power consumption, no radiation, and relatively low manufacturing cost, and is dominant in the field of flat panel displays.
With the continuous progress of the liquid crystal display technology, the viewing angle of the display has been widened from about 120 ° to over 160 °, and people want to effectively protect business confidentiality and personal privacy while enjoying visual experience brought by a large viewing angle, so as to avoid business loss or embarrassment caused by the leakage of screen information. There is therefore a need for a display device that can be switched to a narrow viewing angle in addition to a wide viewing angle.
At present, the switching between the wide viewing angle and the narrow viewing angle is generally realized by the shielding function of the shutter, which requires an additional shielding film outside the display device, and is inconvenient to use.
Recently, it has been proposed to apply a vertical electric field to liquid crystal molecules by using a viewing angle control electrode on the color filter substrate (CF) side to switch between a wide viewing angle and a narrow viewing angle. Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the lcd device includes an upper substrate 11, a lower substrate 12, and a liquid crystal layer 13 disposed between the upper substrate 11 and the lower substrate 12, wherein the upper substrate 11 is provided with a viewing angle control electrode 111, and the lower substrate 12 is provided with a common electrode 121 and a pixel electrode 122.
As shown in fig. 1, in the wide viewing angle display, the viewing angle control electrode 111 of the upper substrate 11 does not apply a voltage, and the liquid crystal display device realizes the wide viewing angle display.
As shown in fig. 2, when a narrow viewing angle display is required, the viewing angle control electrode 111 of the upper substrate 11 applies a large voltage, the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 13 tilt due to the vertical electric field E (as shown by the arrow in the figure), and the contrast of the liquid crystal display device is reduced due to light leakage, thereby finally realizing the narrow viewing angle display.
In the existing wide and narrow visual angle switching product, a wide and narrow visual angle control electrode is arranged on a CF side, a 120Hz alternating current voltage is applied to the visual angle control electrode for driving, in order to reduce the impedance of the visual angle control electrode and enhance the conductivity of the visual angle control electrode, a metal conductive strip which is in conductive contact with the visual angle control electrode is often required to be added on the CF side, the process is complex, the yield is low, the alternating current voltage is applied to the visual angle control electrode from the side surface of a display panel through a silver adhesive point, the alternating current signal is easy to distort during conduction, if the CF side can use a direct current signal, the related process can be omitted, the cost is reduced, and the yield is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an array substrate, a liquid crystal display device and a driving method, which can realize wide and narrow visual angle switching and avoid the problems of abnormal display and the like caused by conduction problems.
The embodiment of the invention provides an array substrate, wherein the array substrate is provided with a plurality of scanning lines, a plurality of data lines and a plurality of pixel units formed by the plurality of scanning lines and the plurality of data lines in an insulated and crossed manner, the array substrate is also provided with a first signal line, a second signal line and a plurality of common electrode strips, the first signal line is used for applying a first voltage signal, the second signal line is used for applying a second voltage signal, the plurality of common electrode strips are arranged at intervals in the direction of the data lines, each common electrode strip extends along the direction of the scanning lines and corresponds to a row of pixel units, the nth common electrode strip corresponds to the nth row of pixel units, and the nth row of pixel units are connected with the nth scanning line through thin film transistors; each common electrode strip is connected with the first signal line through a first control switch, and is also connected with the second signal line through a second control switch; for a first control switch and a second control switch connected with an nth common electrode strip, a control end of the first control switch is connected with a scanning line positioned in front of the nth scanning line, one passage end of the first control switch is connected with the nth common electrode strip, the other passage end of the first control switch is connected with the first signal line, a control end of the second control switch is connected with a scanning line positioned behind the nth scanning line, one passage end of the second control switch is connected with the nth common electrode strip, and the other passage end of the second control switch is connected with the second signal line; wherein n is any integer greater than or equal to 1.
Further, for the first control switch and the second control switch connected with the nth common electrode bar, the control end of the first control switch is connected with the (n-1) th scanning line, and the control end of the second control switch is connected with the (n + 1) th scanning line.
Further, for the first control switch and the second control switch connected with the nth common electrode bar, the control end of the first control switch is connected with the (n-2) th scanning line, and the control end of the second control switch is connected with the (n + 2) th scanning line.
Furthermore, the first signal line, the second signal line, the first control switch and the second control switch are all located on the same side of the array substrate.
Furthermore, the first signal line and the first control switch are located on one side of the array substrate, and the second signal line and the second control switch are located on the opposite side of the array substrate.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a liquid crystal display device, which comprises an array substrate, a color film substrate arranged opposite to the array substrate and a liquid crystal layer positioned between the array substrate and the color film substrate, wherein the array substrate is the array substrate, and the color film substrate is provided with an upper electrode.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a driving method for driving the liquid crystal display device, where the driving method includes:
in a first viewing angle mode, applying a direct current reference voltage to the upper electrode, wherein the potential of a first voltage signal applied to the first signal line is the same as the potential of the direct current reference voltage or the potential difference is less than 0.5V, and the potential of a second voltage signal applied to the second signal line is the same as the potential of the direct current reference voltage or the potential difference is less than 0.5V;
in a second viewing angle mode, a dc reference voltage is applied to the upper electrode, a potential of a first voltage signal applied to the first signal line is the same as or less than 0.5V, and a second voltage signal applied to the second signal line is an ac voltage that is offset up and down about the dc reference voltage.
Further, in the first viewing angle mode, the potential of the first voltage signal applied to the first signal line is the same as the potential of the dc reference voltage, and the potential of the second voltage signal applied to the second signal line is the same as the potential of the dc reference voltage; in a second viewing angle mode, the potential of the first voltage signal applied to the first signal line is the same as the potential of the dc reference voltage, and the amplitude of the ac voltage applied to the second signal line with respect to the dc reference voltage is 3V or more.
Further, in the second viewing angle mode, the polarity of the common voltage written on each common electrode stripe is opposite between adjacent frames.
Further, the liquid crystal layer adopts positive liquid crystal molecules, the first visual angle mode is a wide visual angle mode, and the second visual angle mode is a narrow visual angle mode; or the liquid crystal layer adopts negative liquid crystal molecules, the first visual angle mode is a narrow visual angle mode, and the second visual angle mode is a wide visual angle mode.
The array substrate, the liquid crystal display device and the driving method provided by the embodiment of the invention are realized by switching the voltage for controlling the switching of the wide and narrow visual angles from the visual angle control electrode on the color film substrate side to the common electrode strips on the array substrate side, wherein each common electrode strip is connected to a first signal line and a second signal line through two control switches, and by controlling the voltage signals applied to the first signal line and the second signal line, the liquid crystal display device can realize switching display between a wide viewing angle mode and a narrow viewing angle mode, the upper electrode on the color film substrate side is always applied with a direct current voltage signal, a first voltage signal applied on the first signal line and a second voltage signal applied on the second signal line can be fed from the array substrate side, therefore, display abnormity caused by conduction problem is avoided, related processes can be saved, cost is reduced, and yield is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a conventional liquid crystal display device at a wide viewing angle.
Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal display device of fig. 1 at a narrow viewing angle.
Fig. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of a liquid crystal display device according to a first embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal display device of fig. 3 taken along line IV-IV and at a wide viewing angle.
Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal display device in fig. 3 at a narrow viewing angle.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of driving waveforms of the liquid crystal display device in fig. 3 at a narrow viewing angle.
Fig. 7 is a schematic circuit diagram of a liquid crystal display device according to a second embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic circuit diagram of a liquid crystal display device according to a third embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of driving waveforms of the liquid crystal display device in fig. 8 at a narrow viewing angle.
FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display device at a narrow viewing angle according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal display device of fig. 10 at a wide viewing angle.
Fig. 12a and 12b are schematic plan views of a liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention adopted to achieve the predetermined objects, the following detailed description of the embodiments, structures, features and effects of the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
First embodiment
Referring to fig. 3 to 4, a liquid crystal display device according to a first embodiment of the present invention includes a display panel 50, where the display panel 50 includes an array substrate 20, a color filter substrate 30 disposed opposite to the array substrate 20, and a liquid crystal layer 40 disposed between the array substrate 20 and the color filter substrate 30.
The array substrate 20 is provided with a plurality of scan lines (only shown as Gn-1, Gn +1, Gn +2, and Gn +3) and a plurality of data lines (only shown as S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, and S6), wherein the plurality of scan lines and the plurality of data lines are insulated from each other and crossed to define a plurality of pixel units arranged in an array.
The array substrate 20 is further provided with a plurality of common electrode strips 24, and only four common electrode strips 24 are schematically drawn in the figure. The plurality of common electrode strips 24 are arranged at intervals in the data line direction, each common electrode strip 24 extends along the scan line direction and corresponds to a row of pixel units, wherein the nth common electrode strip 24 corresponds to an nth row of pixel units, and the nth row of pixel units is connected with an nth scan line through the thin film transistor 26. Wherein n is an arbitrary integer of 1 or more.
The array substrate 20 is further provided with a first signal line 21, a second signal line 22, and a plurality of control switches T1 and T2. The first signal line 21 is used for applying a first voltage signal V1, and the second signal line 22 is used for applying a second voltage signal V2. Each of the common electrode bars 24 is connected to the first signal line 21 through a first control switch T1, and each of the common electrode bars 24 is also connected to the second signal line 22 through a second control switch T2. Each control switch T1, T2 includes a control terminal, a first path terminal, and a second path terminal. For the first control switch T1 and the second control switch T2 connected to the nth common electrode bar 24, the control end of the first control switch T1 is connected to a scan line before the nth scan line, one of the pass ends of the first control switch T1 is connected to the nth common electrode bar 24, the other pass end of the first control switch T1 is connected to the first signal line 21, the control end of the second control switch T2 is connected to a scan line after the nth scan line, one of the pass ends of the second control switch T2 is connected to the nth common electrode bar 24, and the other pass end of the second control switch T2 is connected to the second signal line 22.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, for the first control switch T1 and the second control switch T2 connected to the nth common electrode bar 24, the control terminal of the first control switch T1 is connected to the scan line at the (n-1) th stage (i.e., the scan line at the upper stage), and the control terminal of the second control switch T2 is connected to the scan line at the (n + 1) th stage (i.e., the scan line at the lower stage).
The first signal line 21, the second signal line 22, the first control switch T1, and the second control switch T2 may all be disposed in the non-display region of the display panel 50. In the present embodiment, the first signal line 21, the second signal line 22, the first control switch T1, and the second control switch T2 are all disposed on the same side of the display panel 50.
Specifically, each of the control switches T1 and T2 may be a thin film transistor, the control terminal is a gate, one of the first and second path terminals is a source, and the other is a drain. The present invention is not limited thereto, and each of the control switches T1, T2 may also be other switching elements, such as field effect transistors.
Referring to fig. 3, each pixel unit is provided with a pixel electrode 23 and a thin film transistor 26, and the pixel electrode 23 is connected to the corresponding scan line and data line through the thin film transistor 26. Specifically, the gate of the thin film transistor 26 is electrically connected to the corresponding scan line, the source of the thin film transistor 26 is electrically connected to the corresponding data line, and the drain of the thin film transistor 26 is electrically connected to the corresponding pixel electrode 23. In the present embodiment, the pixel electrodes 23 in the pixel units in each row are connected to the same scan line through the thin film transistors 26.
As shown in fig. 4, on the array substrate 20, the pixel electrode 23 and the common electrode bar 24 may be located at different layers with an insulating layer 29 interposed therebetween, and the pixel electrode 23 may be located above the common electrode bar 24, so that the liquid crystal display device forms a Fringe Field Switching (FFS) structure. In the liquid crystal display device, during normal display, a fringe electric field is generated between the common electrode stripes 24 and the pixel electrodes 23, so that liquid crystal molecules rotate in a plane substantially parallel to the substrate to obtain a wide viewing angle.
The color filter substrate 30 is provided with a color resist layer 31, a Black Matrix (BM)32, and an upper electrode 33. The color resist layer 31 is, for example, R, G, B color resist. The upper electrode 33 may be a full-area planar electrode or a patterned electrode. The color resist layer 31 and the black matrix 32 are disposed on the surface of the color filter substrate 30 facing the liquid crystal layer 40, and other film structures are disposed on the color resist layer 31 and the black matrix 32. At least one insulating layer or planarization layer may be further disposed on the color filter substrate 30. In this embodiment, the color filter substrate 30 is further provided with a planarization layer 35, the planarization layer 35 covers the color resist layer 32 and the black matrix 31, and the upper electrode 33 is formed on the planarization layer 35, but not limited thereto.
In this embodiment, the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 40 are positive liquid crystal molecules, and the positive liquid crystal molecules have the advantage of fast response. As shown in fig. 4, in an initial state (i.e., a state where no voltage is applied to the liquid crystal display device), the positive liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 40 assume a lying posture substantially parallel to the substrates 20, 30, i.e., a long axis direction of the positive liquid crystal molecules is substantially parallel to the surfaces of the substrates 20, 30. In practical applications, however, the positive liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 40 and the substrates 20 and 30 may have a small initial pretilt angle, which may range from 10 degrees or less, that is: 0 DEG ≦ theta ≦ 10 deg.
In this embodiment, the liquid crystal display device can realize switching display between the wide viewing angle mode and the narrow viewing angle mode by controlling the voltage signals applied to the upper electrode 33 of the color filter substrate 30 and the first signal line 21 and the second signal line 22 of the array substrate 20.
Wide view angle mode: referring to fig. 3 and 4, a dc reference voltage Vref is applied to the upper electrode 33 of the color filter substrate 30, the potential of the first voltage signal V1 applied to the first signal line 21 is the same as the dc reference voltage Vref or the potential difference is less than 0.5V, the potential of the second voltage signal V2 applied to the second signal line 22 is the same as the dc reference voltage Vref or the potential difference is less than 0.5V, at this time, the voltage difference between each common electrode stripe 24 and the upper electrode 33 is small (e.g., less than 0.5V), the tilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 40 is almost unchanged, and the liquid crystal display device still maintains a lying posture, so the liquid crystal display device realizes normal wide viewing angle display.
In the wide viewing angle mode, preferably, the potential of the first voltage signal V1 applied to the first signal line 21 is the same as the potential of the dc reference voltage Vref, and the potential of the second voltage signal V2 applied to the second signal line 22 is the same as the potential of the dc reference voltage Vref (i.e., V1 is V2 is Vref), so that the voltage difference between each common electrode bar 24 and the upper electrode 33 is zero, thereby achieving a good wide viewing angle effect. However, in the wide viewing angle mode, the potential of the first voltage signal V1 applied to the first signal line 21 and the potential of the second voltage signal V2 applied to the second signal line 22 may be different from the potential of the dc reference voltage Vref, for example, the potential difference from the dc reference voltage Vref may be less than 0.5V, as long as the voltage difference between each common electrode stripe 24 and the upper electrode 33 is less than a predetermined value (e.g., less than 0.5V).
Narrow view angle mode: referring to fig. 3 and 5, a dc reference voltage Vref is applied to the upper electrode 33 of the color filter substrate 30, the potential of the first voltage signal V1 applied to the first signal line 21 is the same as the dc reference voltage Vref or the potential difference is less than 0.5V, the second voltage signal V2 applied to the second signal line 22 is an ac voltage that is biased up and down around the dc reference voltage Vref, and at this time, the voltage difference between each common electrode stripe 24 and the upper electrode 33 is large (e.g., greater than or equal to 3V), a strong vertical electric field E (as shown by an arrow in fig. 5) is generated between the array substrate 20 and the color filter substrate 30 in the liquid crystal cell, and since the positive liquid crystal molecules rotate in a direction parallel to the electric field lines under the action of the electric field, the positive liquid crystal molecules are deflected under the action of the vertical electric field E, so that the tilt angles between the liquid crystal molecules and the substrates 20 and 30 are increased and tilted, the liquid crystal molecules are changed from the lying posture to the inclined posture, so that the liquid crystal display device has large-angle observation light leakage, the contrast is reduced in the inclined viewing direction, the viewing angle is narrowed, and the liquid crystal display device finally realizes narrow viewing angle display.
In the narrow viewing angle mode, it is preferable that the potential of the first voltage signal V1 applied to the first signal line 21 is the same as the potential of the dc reference voltage Vref (i.e., V1 equals Vref). However, in the narrow viewing angle mode, the potential of the first voltage signal V1 applied to the first signal line 21 may be different from the potential of the dc reference voltage Vref, for example, the potential difference between the first voltage signal V1 and the dc reference voltage Vref may be less than 0.5V.
In the narrow viewing angle mode, the second voltage signal V2 applied to the second signal line 22 is an ac voltage that is biased up and down around the dc reference voltage Vref, and the amplitude of the ac voltage with respect to the dc reference voltage Vref may be selected according to the desired narrow viewing angle effect, for example, may be selected to be equal to or greater than 3V (i.e., | V2-Vref | ≧ 3V), so that the voltage difference between each common electrode bar 24 and the upper electrode 33 is equal to or greater than 3V, and a good narrow viewing angle effect may be achieved. The waveform of the ac voltage may be square wave, trapezoidal square wave, sine wave, triangular wave, or the like.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of driving waveforms at a narrow viewing angle, please refer to fig. 6, in the narrow viewing angle mode, the potential of the first voltage signal V1 applied to the first signal line 21 is the same as the dc reference voltage Vref or the potential difference is less than 0.5V, and the second voltage signal V2 applied to the second signal line 22 is an ac voltage biased up and down with the dc reference voltage Vref as the center. Therefore, for the nth common electrode stripe 24, before the current-stage scan line Gn is turned on, when the previous-stage scan line Gn-1 is turned on, the first voltage signal V1 is written to the nth common electrode stripe 24, when the current-stage scan line Gn is turned on, the pixel voltage is charged to each pixel cell in the nth row, respectively, when the current-stage scan line Gn +1 is turned on, the current-stage scan line Gn is turned off, the pixel voltage in each pixel cell in the nth row is maintained and in a floating state, and when the next-stage scan line Gn +1 is turned on, the second voltage signal V2 is written to the nth common electrode stripe 24. Specifically, the common voltage waveform written on the nth common electrode stripe 24 can be referred to as C1 in the figure.
Referring to fig. 6, the polarity of the common voltage written on each common electrode bar 24 is opposite between adjacent frames, that is, the polarity of the common voltage written on each common electrode bar 24 is positive in the nth frame, and the polarity of the common voltage written on each common electrode bar 24 is negative in the (N + 1) th frame.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the liquid crystal display device further includes a driving circuit 60, and the driving circuit 60 applies required voltage signals to the upper electrode 33 of the color filter substrate 30 and the first signal line 21 and the second signal line 22 of the array substrate 20, respectively. In order to apply a voltage signal to the upper electrode 33 of the color filter substrate 30, the array substrate 20 may be conducted to the color filter substrate 30 through the conductive adhesive 70 in the peripheral non-display region of the display panel 50, the driving circuit 60 provides the voltage signal to the array substrate 20, and the array substrate 20 applies the dc reference voltage Vref to the upper electrode 33 of the color filter substrate 30 through the conductive adhesive 70.
In this embodiment, the voltage for controlling the switching of the wide and narrow viewing angles is switched from the viewing angle control electrode on the color film substrate side to the common electrode stripes on the array substrate side, each common electrode stripe is connected to the first signal line and the second signal line through two control switches, the switching display of the liquid crystal display device between the wide viewing angle mode and the narrow viewing angle mode can be realized by controlling the voltage signals applied to the first signal line and the second signal line, the direct-current voltage signal is always applied to the upper electrode on the color film substrate side, and the first voltage signal applied to the first signal line and the second voltage signal applied to the second signal line can be fed from the array substrate side, so that the display abnormality caused by the conduction problem is avoided, meanwhile, the related process is omitted, the cost is reduced, and the yield is improved.
Second embodiment
Referring to fig. 7, the difference between the liquid crystal display device provided in this embodiment and the first embodiment is that, in this embodiment, the first signal line 21 and the first control switch T1 are located on one side of the array substrate 20, and the second signal line 22 and the second control switch T2 are located on the opposite side of the array substrate 20. Other structures of this embodiment can be seen from the first embodiment, and are not described herein again.
Third embodiment
Referring to fig. 8, the difference between the liquid crystal display device provided in this embodiment and the first embodiment is that, in this embodiment, for the first control switch T1 and the second control switch T2 connected to the nth common electrode bar 24, the control terminal of the first control switch T1 is connected to the (n-2) th scan line (i.e., the upper two-stage scan line), and the control terminal of the second control switch T2 is connected to the (n + 2) th scan line (i.e., the lower two-stage scan line). Other structures of this embodiment can be seen from the first embodiment, and are not described herein again.
Referring to fig. 9, the waveform of the common voltage written on the nth common electrode stripe 24 can be referred to as C1.
Fourth embodiment
Referring to fig. 10 and fig. 11, the difference between the liquid crystal display device of the present embodiment and the first embodiment is that the liquid crystal layer 40 of the present embodiment uses negative liquid crystal molecules. With the technical progress, the performance of the negative liquid crystal is remarkably improved, and the application is more and more extensive. In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 10, in the initial state (i.e., the liquid crystal display device is not applied with any voltage), the negative liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 40 have a large initial pretilt angle with respect to the substrates 20 and 30, i.e., the negative liquid crystal molecules are in an inclined posture with respect to the substrates 20 and 30 in the initial state.
Narrow view angle mode: referring to fig. 10, a dc reference voltage Vref is applied to the upper electrode 33 of the color filter substrate 30, the potential of the first voltage signal V1 applied to the first signal line 21 is the same as the dc reference voltage Vref or the potential difference is less than 0.5V, the potential of the second voltage signal V2 applied to the second signal line 22 is the same as the dc reference voltage Vref or the potential difference is less than 0.5V, at this time, the voltage difference between each common electrode stripe 24 and the upper electrode 33 is small (e.g., less than 0.5V), the tilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 40 is almost unchanged, and is still maintained in a tilted posture, so that the liquid crystal display device has large-angle viewing light leakage, the contrast in the tilted direction is reduced and the viewing angle is narrowed, and at this time, the liquid crystal display device realizes narrow viewing angle display.
Wide view angle mode: referring to fig. 11, a dc reference voltage Vref is applied to the upper electrode 33 of the color filter substrate 30, the potential of the first voltage signal V1 applied to the first signal line 21 is the same as the dc reference voltage Vref or the potential difference is less than 0.5V, the second voltage signal V2 applied to the second signal line 22 is an ac voltage that is biased up and down around the dc reference voltage Vref, and at this time, the voltage difference between each common electrode stripe 24 and the upper electrode 33 is large (e.g., greater than 2V), a strong vertical electric field E (as shown in fig. 11) is generated between the array substrate 20 and the color filter substrate 30 in the liquid crystal cell, and since the negative liquid crystal molecules are deflected in the direction perpendicular to the electric field lines under the action of the electric field, the negative liquid crystal molecules are deflected under the action of the vertical electric field E, so that the tilt angle between the liquid crystal molecules and the substrates 20 and 30 is reduced, and the large angle light leakage phenomenon of the liquid crystal display device is correspondingly reduced, the contrast ratio is improved and the visual angle is increased in the oblique viewing direction, and the liquid crystal display device finally realizes wide visual angle display.
Other structures of this embodiment can also be referred to the first embodiment, and are not described herein again.
Further, as shown in fig. 12a and 12b, the liquid crystal display device is further provided with a viewing angle switching key 80 for switching different viewing angle modes of the liquid crystal display device. The view angle switching key 80 may be a mechanical key (as shown in fig. 12a) or a virtual key (as shown in fig. 12b, set by software control or application program). When a user needs to switch the wide and narrow viewing angles, the viewing angle switching key 80 can be operated to send a viewing angle switching request to the liquid crystal display device, and finally the driving circuit 60 controls voltage signals applied to the upper electrode 33 and the first signal line 21 and the second signal line 22, so that the wide and narrow viewing angles can be switched, and the user can freely select and switch the wide and narrow viewing angles according to different peep-proof requirements.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. An array substrate (20), the array substrate (20) is provided with a plurality of scanning lines, a plurality of data lines and a plurality of pixel units defined by the mutual insulation and intersection of the plurality of scanning lines and the plurality of data lines, the array substrate (20) is also provided with a first signal line (21), a second signal line (22) and a plurality of common electrode strips (24), the first signal line (21) for applying a first voltage signal (V1), the second signal line (22) for applying a second voltage signal (V2), the pixel structure is characterized in that the plurality of common electrode strips (24) are arranged at intervals in the direction of a data line, each common electrode strip (24) extends along the direction of a scanning line and corresponds to one row of pixel units, the nth common electrode strip (24) corresponds to the pixel units of the nth row, and the pixel units of the nth row are connected with the nth scanning line adjacent to the lower part of the pixel units of the row through thin film transistors (26); each common electrode bar (24) is connected with the first signal line (21) through a first control switch (T1), and each common electrode bar (24) is also connected with the second signal line (22) through a second control switch (T2); for a first control switch (T1) and a second control switch (T2) connected to the nth common electrode bar (24), a control terminal of the first control switch (T1) is connected to one scan line located before the nth scan line, one pass terminal of the first control switch (T1) is connected to the nth common electrode bar (24), the other pass terminal of the first control switch (T1) is connected to the first signal line (21), a control terminal of the second control switch (T2) is connected to one scan line located after the nth scan line, one pass terminal of the second control switch (T2) is connected to the nth common electrode bar (24), and the other pass terminal of the second control switch (T2) is connected to the second signal line (22); wherein n is any integer greater than or equal to 1.
2. The array substrate (20) of claim 1, wherein for the first control switch (T1) and the second control switch (T2) connected to the nth common electrode stripe (24), the control terminal of the first control switch (T1) is connected to the (n-1) th scan line, and the control terminal of the second control switch (T2) is connected to the (n + 1) th scan line.
3. The array substrate (20) of claim 1, wherein for the first control switch (T1) and the second control switch (T2) connected to the nth common electrode stripe (24), the control terminal of the first control switch (T1) is connected to the (n-2) th scan line, and the control terminal of the second control switch (T2) is connected to the (n + 2) th scan line.
4. The array substrate (20) of claim 1, wherein the first signal line (21), the second signal line (22), the first control switch (T1), and the second control switch (T2) are all located on a same side of the array substrate (20).
5. The array substrate (20) of claim 1, wherein the first signal line (21) and the first control switch (T1) are located on one side of the array substrate (20), and the second signal line (22) and the second control switch (T2) are located on the opposite side of the array substrate (20).
6. A liquid crystal display device, comprising an array substrate (20), a color filter substrate (30) disposed opposite to the array substrate (20), and a liquid crystal layer (40) disposed between the array substrate (20) and the color filter substrate (30), wherein the array substrate (20) is the array substrate (20) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, and the color filter substrate (30) is disposed with an upper electrode (33).
7. A driving method for driving the liquid crystal display device according to claim 6, characterized in that the driving method comprises:
in a first viewing angle mode, a direct current reference voltage (Vref) is applied to the upper electrode (33), the potential of a first voltage signal (V1) applied to the first signal line (21) is the same as the potential of the direct current reference voltage (Vref) or has a potential difference of less than 0.5V, and the potential of a second voltage signal (V2) applied to the second signal line (22) is the same as the potential of the direct current reference voltage (Vref) or has a potential difference of less than 0.5V;
in a second viewing angle mode, a DC reference voltage (Vref) is applied to the upper electrode (33), a first voltage signal (V1) applied to the first signal line (21) has a potential equal to or less than 0.5V, and a second voltage signal (V2) applied to the second signal line (22) is an AC voltage that is offset up and down about the DC reference voltage (Vref).
8. The driving method according to claim 7, wherein in the first viewing angle mode, the first voltage signal (V1) applied to the first signal line (21) has the same potential as the DC reference voltage (Vref), and the second voltage signal (V2) applied to the second signal line (22) has the same potential as the DC reference voltage (Vref); in a second viewing angle mode, the first voltage signal (V1) applied to the first signal line (21) has the same potential as the dc reference voltage (Vref), and the ac voltage applied to the second signal line (22) has a magnitude of 3V or more with respect to the dc reference voltage (Vref).
9. A driving method according to claim 7, wherein in the second viewing angle mode, the polarity of the common voltage (C1) written on each common electrode stripe (24) is reversed between adjacent frames.
10. The driving method according to claim 7, wherein the liquid crystal layer (40) employs positive liquid crystal molecules, the first viewing angle mode is a wide viewing angle mode, and the second viewing angle mode is a narrow viewing angle mode; or the liquid crystal layer (40) uses negative liquid crystal molecules, the first viewing angle mode is a narrow viewing angle mode, and the second viewing angle mode is a wide viewing angle mode.
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| KR20090010528A (en) * | 2007-07-23 | 2009-01-30 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Substrate for display panel and liquid crystal display panel with the same |
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| CN101211540A (en) * | 2006-12-29 | 2008-07-02 | Lg.菲利浦Lcd株式会社 | Programmable liquid crystal display device for controlling viewing angle and driving method thereof |
| CN107490884A (en) * | 2017-09-04 | 2017-12-19 | 昆山龙腾光电有限公司 | Selector, array base palte and liquid crystal display device and driving method |
| CN107505782A (en) * | 2017-09-04 | 2017-12-22 | 昆山龙腾光电有限公司 | Array base palte and liquid crystal display device and driving method |
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