CN110501222B - Method for detecting pressure resistance of grain particles - Google Patents
Method for detecting pressure resistance of grain particles Download PDFInfo
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- CN110501222B CN110501222B CN201910788297.5A CN201910788297A CN110501222B CN 110501222 B CN110501222 B CN 110501222B CN 201910788297 A CN201910788297 A CN 201910788297A CN 110501222 B CN110501222 B CN 110501222B
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/286—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q involving mechanical work, e.g. chopping, disintegrating, compacting, homogenising
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/30—Staining; Impregnating ; Fixation; Dehydration; Multistep processes for preparing samples of tissue, cell or nucleic acid material and the like for analysis
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/34—Purifying; Cleaning
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/04—Chucks
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/286—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q involving mechanical work, e.g. chopping, disintegrating, compacting, homogenising
- G01N2001/2866—Grinding or homogeneising
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/0641—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means using optical, X-ray, ultraviolet, infrared or similar detectors
- G01N2203/0647—Image analysis
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Investigating Materials By The Use Of Optical Means Adapted For Particular Applications (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a device for detecting the pressure resistance of grains and granules, which comprises a pressurizing device, a dyeing cleaning device and a measuring device, wherein: the pressurizing device comprises an operating platform, a machine shell frame, a pressure sensor, a movable cross beam, an upper compression mold and a lower compression mold; the dyeing cleaning device comprises a dyeing device and a residual liquid removing device; the measuring device comprises a motor support, a sliding block, a guide rail lead screw, a lead screw support, a single-layered object carrying plate, a scraper, a material box, a motor, a camera bellows, a material box support and a lamp source.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agriculture, and particularly relates to a method and a device for detecting the pressure resistance of grains and granules.
Background
Because the broken grains can absorb the external moisture more easily to cause mildewing, the quality of the grains is greatly reduced. In order to improve the quality of grains in harvest, storage and transportation in China and reduce the crushing degree of grains caused by accumulation, mechanical external force and other factors, the prediction and evaluation of the pressure resistance of grains in bulk are necessary to be improved, the grains can meet the specified damage degree during processing, and the processing quality of the grains is ensured.
In the prior art, the measurement of the compressive capacity of grains is mostly aimed at single-particle or oily agricultural materials, such as rapeseeds, sunflower seeds, olives and the like, the research on the detection of the compressive capacity of other grain groups is less, and mature detection standards and devices are lacked for reference.
The national standard stipulates that grains with breakage, skin breakage and cracks belong to grain breakage, but when broken grains are detected based on machine vision, detection errors are large due to the fact that external illumination conditions are different or some grains have excessively small cracks or skin breakage and cannot be detected. Aiming at the problem, the invention can carry out dyeing pretreatment on the compressed granular particles, and effectively solves the problem of low accuracy rate of detection by machine vision due to crack blurring or natural illumination by utilizing an artificial lighting-machine vision detection system.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the compression resistance of the grains is evaluated in a way of compressing the grains in the form of loose grains, and the compression resistance characteristics of the group can be more expressed than the compression of single grains;
2) the invention adopts the characteristic that the starch and iodine solution generate chemical reaction and turns black, effectively dyes the broken grains, increases the identifiability of surface cracks of the broken grains, is beneficial to identifying and extracting the characteristics of the broken grains in image processing and increases the calculation accuracy of the breakage rate;
3) the invention takes the compression amount of grains as the control index of the pressure resistance of the granular particles, and is easier to control and implement;
4) the visual detection of the grain crushing characteristics is based on a dark box environment, and provides a fixed light source for a shooting environment, so that the influence of an external light source or other environments on picture shooting is effectively avoided, and the accuracy of the crushing characteristic detection is increased;
5) the testing process disclosed by the invention is clear in thought, not only is suitable for the compression resistance test of various grain pairs, but also the testing device is compact in structure, simple and reasonable, and has the characteristics of easiness in operation, durability and convenience in replacement.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to realize the purpose of the invention, the following technical scheme is adopted for realizing the purpose:
a detection device for cereal granular body compressive capacity, includes pressure device, dyeing cleaning device and measuring device, wherein: the pressurizing device comprises an operating platform, a machine shell frame, a pressure sensor, a movable cross beam, an upper compression mold and a lower compression mold; the dyeing cleaning device comprises a dyeing device and a residual liquid removing device; the measuring device comprises a motor support, a sliding block, a guide rail lead screw, a lead screw support, a single-layered object carrying plate, a scraper, a material box, a motor, a camera bellows, a material box support and a lamp source.
The detection device, wherein: the machine shell frame is in a door shape and is vertically welded on two sides of the table top of the operation table, two ends of the movable cross beam are arranged on a screw rod in the machine shell frame, a lower jaw is arranged in the center of the table top of the operation table, the lower surface of the movable cross beam is provided with a lower jaw, the two jaws are both in a hollow cylinder structure, and the openings of the upper jaw and the lower jaw are opposite; the lower compression mould and the upper compression mould are sleeved with a lower jaw and an upper jaw which are vertically arranged on the operating platform and are arranged at the lower part of the movable beam respectively.
The detection device, wherein: the compression lower die is hollow, the opening of the compression lower die is upward, a short shaft with a through hole on the side wall is fixed at the bottom of the compression lower die, an external thread is processed on the short shaft at the bottom of the compression lower die, and a locking nut is matched with the external thread; compressing a bottom short shaft of the lower die to extend into a lower jaw of the operating platform, and inserting a fixing pin into through holes of the lower jaw and the short shaft; the compression upper die and the compression lower die are coaxially arranged, and the fixing pin is inserted into the through holes of the upper jaw and the short shaft of the upper die.
The detection device, wherein: the machine shell frame consists of two side supporting frames and a top plate, the whole machine shell frame is in a door shape, telescopic dust covers are arranged on opposite surfaces of the two side supporting frames, and high-strength metal plates are used for other three side surfaces and the top plate of the supporting frame; threaded holes are formed in two ends of the movable cross beam, and the two ends of the movable cross beam are matched with a screw rod in the shell frame after penetrating through the dust cover respectively; the pressure sensor is arranged in the center of the upper surface of the movable cross beam and is fixed by bolts.
The detection device, wherein: the upper compression mold and the lower compression mold are in clearance fit, and the molds can be round, square, rectangular and other shapes; the pressure relief vent has been seted up to compression bed die lateral wall bottom, and the mould surface is equipped with the compression scale mark on the compression.
The detection device, wherein: the inside material agitator and the filter sieve of being provided with of raffinate clearing device, and the coaxial setting of the two, the filter sieve is located the stirring body lower part of material agitator, and the leakage fluid dram has been seted up to raffinate clearing device bottom.
The detection device, wherein: four corners of the screw rod bracket are supported by a motor frame, and the motor bracket consists of four upright posts; the screw rod support comprises a bottom plate and side plates extending upwards from two ends of the bottom plate, proximity switches are mounted on the inner sides of the side plates far away from the motor, through holes are formed in the side plates at two ends of the screw rod support, bearings are mounted in the through holes, and two ends of the guide rail screw rod penetrate through the through holes and are supported by the bearings; one end of the guide rail lead screw is connected with a motor by a coupler, and the motor is arranged on one side plate of the lead screw bracket; the sliding block is provided with a threaded hole and is in threaded connection with the screw rod through the threaded hole.
The detection device, wherein: scrape the material brush and constitute by soft brush head and brush-holder stud, the brush-holder stud stalk portion is equipped with the external screw thread, and with the internal thread hole fastening cooperation of slider side, it has the mounting hole to open on the material box, and the brush-holder stud inserts this mounting hole, and soft brush head on the brush-holder stud sets up down in the material box.
The detection device, wherein: the upper part of the material box support is provided with a material box, the supporting legs at the lower part of the material box support are arranged on the bottom plate, and the single-layer carrying plate is arranged in the material box; long through holes are formed in two long side walls of the material box, the scraping brush penetrates through the long through holes in the two long side walls of the material box, and a certain gap is reserved between the lower side of the brush head of the scraping brush and the upper surface of the single-layered object carrying plate; the single-layer object carrying plate is provided with a plurality of parallel grooves.
The detection device, wherein: one end of the material box is provided with a lamp bracket fixing shaft, the bottom of the lamp bracket fixing shaft is arranged on the base, and the lamp bracket connector can be arranged on the lamp bracket fixing shaft in a vertically sliding manner; the lamp source is installed on the lamp holder fixing shaft through the lamp holder connector, the CCD industrial camera is installed at the top position in the camera bellows, and the lens faces the material box.
A method for detecting the pressure resistance of grains and particles by adopting the detection device is characterized by comprising the following steps:
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a device for measuring the pressure resistance of a granular or granular material of grains according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the connection of the compression lower mold to the operating table;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a compression test set;
FIG. 4 is a view showing the construction of a residual liquid removing apparatus;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a carrier plate and a spreader;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of an image capture device;
FIG. 7 is a flow chart of a method for measuring the pressure resistance of grains in bulk;
FIG. 8 is a flow chart of machine vision based breakage rate detection;
fig. 9 is a graph of corn kernel shattering characteristics.
Wherein, each reference number in the figure is:
11. operation table 12 and casing frame
13. Fixing pin 14 and pressure sensor
15. Movable cross beam 16 and compression upper die
17. Compressing the lower die 18 and discharging the pressure holes
19. Locking nut 20 and limiting knob
21. Start button 22 and scram button
23. Controller 24 and display
25. Dyeing device 26 and residual liquid removing device
251. Material agitator 252, filter sieve
253. Drain port 31 and motor frame
32. Slider 33, guide screw
34. Screw bracket 35, proximity switch
36. Single-layer loading plate 37 and scraping brush
38. Material box 39 and motor
41. Dark box 42, material box support
43. Lamp bracket fixing shaft 44 and lamp bracket connector
45. Lamp source 46 and CCD industrial camera
47. Base seat
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 9, a device for detecting the pressure resistance of grains and granules comprises a pressurizing device, a dyeing and cleaning device and a measuring device, wherein the pressurizing device comprises an operation table 11, a machine shell frame 12, a fixed pin 13, a pressure sensor 14, a movable cross beam 15, a compression upper die 16, a compression lower die 17, a limit knob 20, a start button 21, an emergency stop button 22, a controller 23 and a display 24; the dyeing cleaning device comprises a dyeing device 25 and a residual liquid removing device 26; the measuring device comprises a motor bracket 31, a slide block 32, a guide rail lead screw 33, a lead screw bracket 34, a single-layer object carrying plate 35, a scraper 36, a material box 37, a motor 38, a camera bellows 41, a material box bracket 42, a lamp holder fixing shaft 43, a lamp holder connector 44, a lamp source 45, a CCD industrial camera 46 and a base 47; wherein, the residual liquid removing device 25 is internally provided with a material stirrer 251 and a filter screen 252, and the bottom of the side wall of the residual liquid removing device is provided with a liquid outlet 253.
In the pressurizing device, a machine shell frame 12 consists of two side support frames and a top plate, the whole machine shell frame is in a door shape, the two side support frames are vertically welded on two sides of the table top of an operating table 11, telescopic dust covers are arranged on opposite surfaces of the two side support frames, and other three side surfaces and the top plate of the support frame 12 are made of high-strength metal plates; a T-shaped groove is processed on the front surface of the support frame on one side of the machine shell frame 12 along the long edge of the front surface, and is used for installing a plurality of limiting knobs 20 and comprises T-shaped bolts and ball head flange nuts, the T-shaped bolts are placed in the T-shaped groove and matched with the ball head flange nuts, the T-shaped bolts can be automatically positioned and locked when the nuts are screwed, and the limiting knobs 20 are ensured to be fixed at target positions; two ends of the movable beam 15 are mounted on a screw rod inside the casing frame 12, and a trigger stop lever (not shown in the figure, the trigger stop lever moves along with the movable beam 15) is arranged near the end of the T-shaped guide rail. When the movable beam 15 moves and the trigger gear lever on the movable beam is contacted with the limit knob 20, the movable beam 15 stops moving immediately, and the limit knob 20 can control the maximum descending and ascending height of the movable beam 15. The pressure sensor 14 is mounted at the center of the upper surface of the movable beam 15 and fixed by bolts.
A screw rod is vertically arranged in each of the two side supporting frames of the casing frame 12; threaded holes are formed in two sides of the movable cross beam 15, and two ends of the movable cross beam are respectively inserted into the dust cover and then matched with the screw rod in the machine shell frame 12, so that the movable cross beam can move up and down in the machine shell frame 12, the telescopic dust cover moves up and down along with the telescopic dust cover, and dust and other impurities are prevented from entering the machine shell to influence the movement of the screw rod. The start button 21 and the emergency stop button 22 are arranged side by side on one side of the upper surface of the console 11.
A lower jaw is arranged at the center of the table top of the operating table 11, an upper jaw is arranged on the lower surface of the movable cross beam 15, the two jaws are both of a hollow cylinder structure, two through holes which are opposite to each other are arranged on the cylinder wall, and the openings of the upper jaw and the lower jaw are opposite; a lower compression mould 17 and an upper compression mould 16 are respectively and vertically arranged on a lower jaw on the operating platform 11 and an upper jaw at the lower part of the movable beam 15 in a sleeve manner; the interior of the lower compression mould 17 is hollow, the opening of the lower compression mould is upward, the bottom of the lower compression mould is fixedly provided with a short shaft with a through hole on the side wall, the short shaft at the bottom of the lower compression mould 17 is provided with an external thread, and a locking nut 19 is matched with the external thread; the bottom short shaft of the compression lower die 17 extends into a lower jaw of the operating platform 11, the fixing pin 13 is inserted into the lower jaw and a through hole of the short shaft, the locking nut 19 is screwed up, the compression lower die 17 is driven to move upwards to enable the through hole wall of the short shaft and the through hole wall of the lower jaw to press the pin 13, and therefore the compression lower die 17 is fixedly connected with the operating platform 2; the compression upper die 16 and the compression lower die 17 are coaxially arranged and are fixedly connected with the upper jaw of the movable cross beam 15 by the fixing pin 13; the compression upper die 16 is in clearance fit with the compression lower die 17, and the bottom surface of the compression upper die 16 is a plane; the bottom of the side wall of the compression lower die 17 is provided with a plurality of (for example, 4) decompression through holes 18, and the outer surface of the compression upper die 16 is provided with scale marks. The main control circuit board of the pressurizing device is installed in the operation table, the main control circuit board is connected with the controller 23 and the display 24, the controller 23 is used for controlling the pressurizing pressure, the pressurizing speed and the like of the pressurizing device and receiving the pressure signal of the pressure sensor, and the display 24 is used for displaying the measured pressure, the measured speed, the measured compression displacement and the like.
The dyeing cleaning device comprises a dyeing device 25 and a residual liquid removing device 26; as shown in fig. 4, a material stirrer 251 and a filter sieve 252 are disposed inside the residual liquid removing device 25, and are disposed coaxially, the filter sieve 252 is disposed at the lower portion of the stirring body of the material stirrer 251, and a liquid discharge port 253 is disposed at the bottom of the residual liquid removing device 25.
In the measuring device, as shown in fig. 5, four corners of a screw bracket 34 are supported by a motor frame 31, and the motor bracket 31 is composed of four upright posts; a threaded hole is formed in the sliding block 32 and matched with the guide rail lead screw 33, the lead screw bracket 34 is integrally of a long U-shaped structure and comprises a bottom plate and side plates extending upwards from two ends of the bottom plate, a proximity switch 35 is arranged on the inner side of each side plate far away from the motor 39, through holes are formed in the side plates at two ends of the lead screw bracket 34, bearings are arranged in the through holes, and two ends of the guide rail lead screw 33 penetrate through the through holes and are supported by the bearings; one end of the guide rail lead screw 33 is connected with a motor 39 by a coupler, and the motor 39 is arranged on one side plate of the lead screw bracket 34; the slide block 32 is provided with a threaded hole and is in threaded connection with the screw rod through the threaded hole; scrape material brush 37 and constitute by soft brush head and brush-holder stud, the brush-holder stud stalk portion car has the internal thread hole fastening cooperation of external screw thread and slider 32 side, and it has the mounting hole to open on material box 38, and the brush-holder stud inserts this mounting hole, and the soft brush head on the brush-holder stud sets up downwards in material box 38.
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the material box 37 is arranged on the upper part of the material box support 42, the support legs on the lower part of the material box support 42 are installed on the bottom plate 47, and the single-layered object carrying plate 36 is installed inside the material box 37; long through holes are formed in two long side walls of the material box 37, the scraping brush 37 penetrates through the long through holes (mounting holes) in the two long side walls of the material box 38, and a certain gap (the size of the gap is determined according to the size of a measured sample) is reserved between the lower side of a brush head of the scraping brush 37 and the upper surface of the single-layered object carrying plate 36; the monolayer loading plate 36 is provided with a plurality of parallel side plates to form a plurality of grooves, so that the single grain arrangement of the tested grains in the grooves can be ensured.
As shown in fig. 6, a lamp holder fixing shaft 43 is disposed at one end of the material box 38, the bottom of the lamp holder fixing shaft 43 is mounted on the base 47, the lamp holder connector 44 is mounted on the lamp holder fixing shaft 43 in a vertically slidable manner, and a locking nut is disposed on a side surface of the lamp holder connector 44 to fix the position thereof; the lamp source 45 is composed of two lamp housings arranged in parallel and a lamp tube installed inside; the lamp source 45 is installed on the lamp holder fixing shaft 43 through the lamp holder connector 44 in a switching mode, the irradiation angle and the brightness of the lamp source are adjustable, the CCD industrial camera 46 is installed at the top position in the camera bellows, and the lens faces the material box 37. The camera bellows 41 is used for covering on the visual detection group, the visual detection group includes the single-layer object carrying plate 35, the scraper 36, the material box 37, the camera bellows 41, the material box bracket 42, the lamp holder fixing shaft 43, the lamp holder connector 44, the lamp source 45, the CCD industrial camera 46 and the base 47.
The working process of the method for detecting the pressure resistance of the grain granular particles is as follows:
after uniformly mixing grains to be detected, pouring the grains into a lower compression mold 17, and scraping the upper surfaces of the grains by using a plate ruler to enable the upper surfaces of the grains to be flush with the opening of the lower compression mold 17; then, inserting the fixing pin 13 into a through hole matched with the compression lower die 17 and the side wall of the upper jaw on the table top of the operating table 11, and screwing the locking nut upwards to fix the compression lower die 17 and the operating table 11; the start button 19 is started to enable the upper compression mold 16 to move downwards at a constant speed (if a fault occurs, the emergency stop button 22 can be pressed to stop the movement of the upper compression mold), the pressure sensor 14 can measure the real-time compression force and compression displacement, and the upper compression mold 16 stops descending when descending to the target displacement and then moves upwards; taking out the compressed grains from the lower compression mold 17, placing the grains in a dyeing device 25, and pouring sufficient potassium iodide coloring agent to dye all the compressed sample grains; placing the dyed grains in a residual liquid removing device 26, cleaning residual potassium iodide solution on the grains with purified water, fully stirring and cleaning the grains through a built-in stirrer 251, sieving liquid through a filter screen 252, discharging the liquid from a liquid outlet 253 at the bottom of the residual liquid removing device 25, and leaving the grains in the residual liquid removing device 26, wherein the dyed corn grains are shown in fig. 9; the grains are placed on a single-layered loading plate 36, a motor 39 is started, a sliding block 32 moves forwards under the transmission of a guide rail lead screw 33, when the grains move to be close to a lead screw bracket 34, a proximity switch 35 arranged on the side wall of the lead screw bracket 34 is triggered, and then the grains move in a return path. The scraping brush 37 is driven by the slide block 32 to scrape the accumulated grain sample evenly so that the grains are arranged in each row of grooves of the carrying plate one by one; turning on a light source and adjusting the illumination angle and brightness to provide constant brightness for shooting the grain image; the camera bellows 41 is used for covering the visual detection system (the motor bracket 31 and parts on the motor bracket are removed before covering), so that the interference of an external light source and other factors can be eliminated for the visual detection system; shooting a grain surface image by a CCD industrial camera and preprocessing the grain surface image; the preprocessed pictures are transmitted to a computer through a serial bus (USB); and (4) processing the image by the computer to obtain the breakage rate of the grains. In this embodiment, the camera bellows eliminates the interference of external light, the lamp source provides stable illumination for the CCD industrial camera to collect images, and the imaging result of the CCD industrial camera 46 has high stability and good consistency, so that the detection result of the object to be detected is more accurate. Moreover, the lamp source is introduced to provide sufficient brightness for the camera to collect images, the influence of external light is isolated, the brightness of the light source can be adjusted according to requirements, the brightness of the lamp source is adjusted, the brightness of the lamp source is controlled through the adjusting switch, the adjusting switch can be a knob or a key, and the problem of overlarge brightness difference caused by different object surfaces can be solved due to the fact that the lamp source is adjustable.
The grain breakage rate detection based on machine vision comprises the following steps:
and 3, performing grain distinguishing and crushing feature extraction on the preprocessed image, wherein the grain distinguishing and crushing feature extraction comprises morphological processing, edge detection and image segmentation.
in addition to the above embodiments, the present invention may have other embodiments. All technical solutions formed by adopting equivalent substitutions or equivalent transformations fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. The utility model provides a detection device of cereal shot body compressive capacity, includes pressure device, dyeing cleaning device and measuring device, its characterized in that: the pressurizing device comprises an operating platform, a machine shell frame, a pressure sensor, a movable cross beam, an upper compression mold and a lower compression mold; the dyeing cleaning device comprises a dyeing device and a residual liquid removing device, wherein a material stirrer and a filter sieve are arranged in the residual liquid removing device and are coaxially arranged, the filter sieve is positioned at the lower part of a stirring body of the material stirrer, and a liquid discharge port is formed in the bottom of the residual liquid removing device; the measuring device comprises a motor bracket, a sliding block, a guide rail lead screw, a lead screw bracket, a single-layered object carrying plate, a scraper, a material box, a motor, a camera bellows, a material box bracket and a lamp source; the machine shell frame is in a door shape and is vertically welded on two sides of the table top of the operating table, two ends of the movable cross beam are arranged on a screw rod in the machine shell frame, a lower jaw is arranged in the center of the table top of the operating table, an upper jaw is arranged on the lower surface of the movable cross beam, the two jaws are both in a hollow cylinder structure, and openings of the upper jaw and the lower jaw are opposite; the lower compression mould and the upper compression mould are respectively and vertically arranged on a lower jaw on the operating platform and an upper jaw at the lower part of the movable beam in a sleeve manner;
the compression lower die is hollow, the opening of the compression lower die is upward, a short shaft with a through hole on the side wall is fixed at the bottom of the compression lower die, an external thread is processed on the short shaft at the bottom of the compression lower die, and a locking nut is matched with the external thread; compressing a bottom short shaft of the lower die to extend into a lower jaw of the operating platform, and inserting a fixing pin into through holes of the lower jaw and the short shaft; the compression upper die and the compression lower die are coaxially arranged, the fixing pin is inserted into the through holes of the upper jaw and the short shaft of the upper die, the compression upper die and the compression lower die are in clearance fit, the die is circular, and the bottom of the side wall of the compression lower die is provided with a pressure reducing hole;
in the pressurizing device, a machine shell frame consists of two side support frames and a top plate, the machine shell frame is integrally in a door shape, the two side support frames are vertically welded on two sides of the table top of an operating table, telescopic dust covers are arranged on opposite surfaces of the two side support frames, and the other three side surfaces of the support frames and the top plate are made of high-strength metal plates; the front surface of the support frame on one side of the machine shell frame is provided with a T-shaped groove along the long edge of the front surface, and the T-shaped groove is used for mounting a plurality of limiting knobs and comprises T-shaped bolts and ball head flange nuts; two ends of the movable cross beam are arranged on a screw rod in the shell frame, a trigger stop lever is arranged at the end close to the T-shaped groove, the pressure sensor is arranged at the central position of the upper surface of the movable cross beam and fixed by a bolt, and a screw rod is vertically arranged in each of two side supporting frames of the shell frame; threaded holes are formed in two sides of the movable cross beam, and the two ends of the movable cross beam are respectively inserted into the dust cover and then matched with a lead screw in the shell frame;
the whole lead screw bracket is of a long U-shaped structure and comprises a bottom plate and side plates extending upwards from two ends of the bottom plate, a proximity switch is arranged on the inner side of the side plate far away from the motor, through holes are formed in the side plates at two ends of the lead screw bracket, bearings are arranged in the through holes, and two ends of a guide rail lead screw penetrate through the through holes and are supported by the bearings; one end of the guide rail lead screw is connected with a motor by a coupler, and the motor is arranged on one side plate of the lead screw bracket; the sliding block is provided with a threaded hole and is in threaded connection with the guide rail lead screw through the threaded hole; scrape the material brush and constitute by soft brush head and brush-holder stud, the brush-holder stud stalk car has the external screw thread, with the internal thread hole fastening cooperation of slider side, the slotted hole is seted up to two long sidewalls of material box, scrape the material brush-holder stud and pass the slotted hole on two long sidewalls of material box, soft brush head on the brush-holder stud sets up down in the material box, the material box is arranged on material box support upper portion, the landing leg of material box support lower part is installed on the bottom plate, the thing board is installed inside the material box to the individual stratification, the first downside of brush of scraping the material brush and individual stratification carry the thing board upper surface and leave certain clearance, the individual stratification is carried and is equipped with a plurality of recesses that form by the.
2. The detection device according to claim 1, wherein: the compression upper die and the compression lower die are in clearance fit, and the outer surface of the compression upper die is provided with compression scale marks.
3. A method for measuring pressure resistance of a grain or a granular material by using the measuring apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 2, comprising the steps of:
step 1, a CCD industrial camera collects and stores a grain image on a single-layered loading plate as a planar color image, the image is sent to a computer, and the computer performs ROI detection on an original image to obtain an ROI image;
step 2, preprocessing and enhancing the ROI image, including image background correction and edge protection and detail denoising and filtering processing;
step 3, performing grain distinguishing and crushing feature extraction on the preprocessed image, wherein the grain distinguishing and crushing feature extraction comprises morphological processing, edge detection and image segmentation;
step 4, extracting geometric characteristics of grain breakage for image matching;
step 5, summarizing the number N of suspected targets1And the total number of targets N0And calculating the breakage rate of broken grains.
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| CN112485157B (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2022-11-29 | 中国科学院空间应用工程与技术中心 | Soft material fluidity detection device |
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