CN110491542B - Friction luminescence isotope battery - Google Patents

Friction luminescence isotope battery Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110491542B
CN110491542B CN201810462749.6A CN201810462749A CN110491542B CN 110491542 B CN110491542 B CN 110491542B CN 201810462749 A CN201810462749 A CN 201810462749A CN 110491542 B CN110491542 B CN 110491542B
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base material
luminescent
collecting plate
isotope battery
tribo
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CN110491542A (en
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何佳清
周毅
黎德龙
娄晴
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Shenzhen Thermoelectricity New Energy Technology Co ltd
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Shenzhen Thermoelectricity New Energy Technology Co ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21H—OBTAINING ENERGY FROM RADIOACTIVE SOURCES; APPLICATIONS OF RADIATION FROM RADIOACTIVE SOURCES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; UTILISING COSMIC RADIATION
    • G21H1/00—Arrangements for obtaining electrical energy from radioactive sources, e.g. from radioactive isotopes, nuclear or atomic batteries
    • G21H1/10—Cells in which radiation heats a thermoelectric junction or a thermionic converter
    • G21H1/103—Cells provided with thermo-electric generators
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21H—OBTAINING ENERGY FROM RADIOACTIVE SOURCES; APPLICATIONS OF RADIATION FROM RADIOACTIVE SOURCES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; UTILISING COSMIC RADIATION
    • G21H1/00—Arrangements for obtaining electrical energy from radioactive sources, e.g. from radioactive isotopes, nuclear or atomic batteries
    • G21H1/12—Cells using conversion of the radiation into light combined with subsequent photoelectric conversion into electric energy

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
  • Luminescent Compositions (AREA)

Abstract

Triboluminescent isotope batteries are provided. This friction luminescence isotope battery includes the casing and sets up the transducer device in the casing, and the transducer device includes: one end in the length direction is fixed on the shell, and the other end extends into the shell and is suspended in the air; the first charge collecting plate is arranged on the lower surface of the free end of the cantilever beam; a second charge collecting plate disposed on the housing and opposite to the first charge collecting plate, and having an enriched charge with a polarity opposite to that of the first charge collecting plate; a radioactive source disposed in the housing; the friction light-emitting component is arranged on the upper surface of the fixed end of the cantilever beam; the first photoelectric conversion assembly is arranged on the upper surface of the friction light-emitting assembly; the first thermoelectric conversion component is arranged on the upper surface of the free end of the cantilever beam; and a heat sink disposed on an upper surface of the first thermoelectric conversion module. The battery has the characteristics of high energy conversion efficiency, large output power, strong environmental applicability, good working stability and long service life.

Description

Friction luminescence isotope battery
Technical Field
The application belongs to the fields of friction luminescent devices, thermoelectric devices, isotope batteries, hybrid power generation systems and micro-nano integration, and particularly relates to a friction luminescent isotope battery.
Background
The nuclear composition (or energy state) changes spontaneously and the isotope that emits the radiation is called a radioisotope. A radioactive isotope battery, called isotope battery for short, is characterized by that it utilizes energy-converting device to convert the energy of radioactive isotope released when it decays into electric energy and output it so as to attain the goal of supplying power. The isotope battery has the advantages of long service life, strong environmental adaptability, good working stability, no need of maintenance, miniaturization and the like, and is widely applied to important fields of military and national defense, deep sea, polar exploration, biomedical treatment, electronic industry and the like.
Isotope batteries were first proposed by the british physicist Henry Moseley in 1913, and research on isotope batteries has been mainly focused on the past 100 years. In 2017, uygur et al, in combination with the energy conversion efficiency and output power of isotope battery under different energy conversion modes, classified the energy conversion modes of isotope battery into four types: (1) static thermoelectric (thermoelectric/thermoelectric, thermionic emission, contact potential difference, thermophotovoltaic, alkali metal thermoelectric conversion) isotope cells; (2) a radiant volt effect (schottky, PN/PIN junction) isotope battery; (3) a dynamic thermoelectric (brayton cycle, stirling cycle, rankine cycle, magnetohydrodynamic generation, jet-driven piezoelectric) isotope cell; (4) the isotope battery has special energy conversion mechanism (direct collection, radiation luminescence, external neutron source drive, decay LC circuit coupling resonance, cosmic ray/electromagnetic wave collection, piezoelectric cantilever beam, beta particle electromagnetic radiation under magnetic constraint, magnetic separation type and radiation ionization).
The research results of the four types of isotope batteries show that the low energy conversion efficiency still belongs to the common property of the current isotope batteries. The development of static thermoelectric isotope batteries mainly benefits from national research and development, and particularly, the design and manufacture of thermoelectric isotope batteries (RTGs) are becoming more and more perfect in the united states, but the energy conversion efficiency of thermoelectric material-based energy conversion batteries is low, even though the energy conversion efficiency of enhanced multi-task thermoelectric isotope batteries (emmrtgs) recently reported by NASA is less than 8%, the application range is limited, and the civilization process is difficult. The radio volt effect isotope battery takes the semiconductor material as the energy conversion component, can realize the miniaturization of isotope battery devices, improves the application of the isotope battery devices in the aspects of MEMS/NEMS and low-power devices, obtains certain research effect along with the rapid development of wide-bandgap semiconductors and multidimensional structural materials, but has the problem of the performance degradation of the semiconductor material under the long-term radiation of rays, and reduces the service life of the radio volt effect isotope battery. The piezoelectric cantilever isotope battery realizes electric energy output through reciprocating mechanical deformation of the piezoelectric cantilever, has wide application value in the aspects of micro-nano devices and vacuum leak detection, but has lower battery energy conversion efficiency and larger energy loss.
Therefore, research on isotope batteries is still under way.
Disclosure of Invention
The present application is directed to solving, at least to some extent, one of the technical problems in the related art. Therefore, an object of the application is to provide an isotope battery which can break through the technical bottlenecks of single energy conversion and large energy loss of the traditional piezoelectric cantilever isotope battery, and improve the energy conversion efficiency of the isotope battery or expand the micro-nano application field of the isotope battery to a great extent.
In one aspect of the present application, a tribo-luminescent isotope battery is provided. According to an embodiment of the present application, the isotope battery includes a housing and a transducer device disposed in the housing, the transducer device including: one end of the cantilever beam in the length direction is fixed on the shell to form a fixed end, and the other end of the cantilever beam in the length direction extends into the shell and is suspended in the air to form a free end; the first charge collecting plate is arranged on the lower surface of the free end of the cantilever beam; a second charge collecting plate disposed on the housing opposite the first charge collecting plate and having charges accumulated thereon of opposite polarity to the charges accumulated on the first charge collecting plate; the radioactive source is arranged in the shell and is used for enabling the first charge collecting plate and the second charge collecting plate to be enriched with charges with opposite polarities respectively; the friction light-emitting component is arranged on the upper surface of the fixed end of the cantilever beam; the first photoelectric conversion assembly is arranged on the upper surface of the friction light-emitting assembly; the first thermoelectric conversion component is arranged on the upper surface of the free end of the cantilever beam; a heat sink disposed on an upper surface of the first thermoelectric conversion assembly. The isotope battery can break through the technical bottleneck that the traditional isotope battery has single energy conversion and large energy loss, and has the characteristics of high energy conversion efficiency, good working stability, high micro-nano integration level and the like.
According to an embodiment of the application, the radiation source is arranged on a surface of the second charge collecting plate remote from the housing.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the isotope battery also includes a first energy conversion assembly disposed on a side of the radiation source remote from the first charge collection plate.
According to an embodiment of the application, the first energy conversion component comprises any one of a second thermoelectric conversion component, a first radiant volt component, and a first radiant light component.
According to an embodiment of the application, the radiation source is disposed on the first energy conversion assembly opposite the first charge collecting plate and multiplexed as the second charge collecting plate.
According to the embodiment of the application, the radiation source sets up the below of cantilever beam stiff end, just be provided with second energy conversion subassembly and third energy conversion subassembly on the upper surface of radiation source and the lower surface respectively, the second energy conversion subassembly with first charge collection board electricity is connected, the third energy conversion subassembly with second charge collection board electricity is connected.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the second energy conversion component and the third energy conversion component are any one of a third thermoelectric conversion component, a second radiant volt component and a second radiant light component, respectively.
According to an embodiment of the application, the housing comprises: cylindrical housing body and setting are in the first rubber seal and the second rubber seal at cylindrical housing body both ends, so that the inside confined space that forms of casing, the embedding of cantilever beam stiff end among the first rubber seal, be provided with on the second rubber seal with the valve that confined space is linked together and with the air cock that the valve is linked together.
According to the embodiment of the application, casing body internal surface is provided with the supporting pad.
According to the embodiment of the application, the inner surface of the shell body is provided with the nano lead organic glass composite material coating.
According to an embodiment of the application, the isotope battery further comprises a support frame, and the support frame is arranged between the lower surface of the fixed end of the cantilever beam and the shell.
According to an embodiment of the application, the radiation source comprises at least one of an alpha radiation source and a beta radiation source.
According to an embodiment of the application, the alpha radiation source is selected from 210 Po、Gd 210 Po、Y 210 Po、La 210 Po、Ce 210 Po、Pr 210 Po、Nd 210 Po、Sm 210 Po、Eu 210 Po、Tb 210 Po、Dy 210 Po、Ho 210 Po、Er 210 Po、Tm 210 Po、Yb 210 Po、Lu 210 Po、Pm 210 Po、Sc 210 Po、Gd 3 210 Po、Y 3 210 Po、La 3 210 Po、Ce 3 210 Po、Pr 3 210 Po、Nd 3 210 Po、Sm 3 210 Po、Eu 3 210 Po、Tb 3 210 Po、Dy 3 210 Po、Ho 3 210 Po、Er 3 210 Po、Tm 3 210 Po、Yb 3 210 Po、Lu 3 210 Po、 228 Th、 228 ThO 2 、 235 U、 238 Pu、 238 PuO 2 Micro-spheres, 238 PuO 2 -Mo ceramics, 238 PuO 2 A fuel ball, 238 PuO 2 Ceramics, a, 238 Pu-Zr alloy, 238 Pu-Ga alloy, 238 Pu-Pt alloy, 238 Pu-Sc alloy, 238 PuN、 238 PuC、 241 Am、 242 Cm、 242 Cm 2 O 3 、 244 Cm and 244 Cm 2 O 3 at least one of; the beta radioactive source is selected from (C) 4 H 3 3 H 5 -) n 、Sc 3 H 2 、 14 C、 35 S、 63 Ni、 90 Sr、 90 Sr/ 90 Y、 90 SrTiO 3 、 90 SrNO 3 、 90 SrNO 3 /Dicyclohexano-18-crownEther-6, 106 Ru、 137 Cs、 137 CsCl、 144 Ce、 144 CeO 2 、 147 Pm、 147 Pm 2 O 3 And 151 at least one of Sm.
According to an embodiment of the application, the triboluminescent component is formed from a material selected from sucrose, D-glucose, lactose, maltose, L-rhamnose, tartaric acid, lithium acetate, potassium hydrogen malonate, vitamin C, sorbitol hexaacetate, phthalic acid, coumarin, zeolane, 9-anthracenemethylol-based materials, polybutadiene, epoxy resins, europium vanadium, copper vanadium, tetrahedral manganese complexes, (NH) manganese complexes 4 ) 2 C 2 O 4 、LiSO 4 ·H 2 O、Ce(SO 4 ) 3 ·8H 2 O、Zn(NO 3 ) 2 ·6H 2 O、(UO 2 )(NO 3 ) 2 ·6H 2 O, siC, si, inP, gaAs, ge, diamond, mgO, caO, srO, naF, liF, naCl, KCl, KI, csI, rbI, KBr, rbBr, baAl 2 Si 2 O 8 Base material, sr 3 Al 2 O 6 Base material, srAl 2 O 4 Base Material, ca 2 SrMgSi 2 O 7 Base Material, ca 2 MgSi 2 O 7 Base material, srMgAl 10 O 17 Base material, sr 2 Mg 2 (PO 4 ) 2 Base material, baFCl base material, baFBr base material, K 2 Mg 2 (SO 4 ) 3 Base material, baSi 2 O 2 N 2 Base material, caO & Nb 2 O 5 Base material, znGa 2 O 4 Base material, mgGa 2 O 4 Base material, znAl 2 O 4 Base material, liNbO 3 Base material, srAl 2 O 4 At least one of a base material and a ZnS-based material.
According to an embodiment of the present application, a material forming the first photoelectric conversion component is selected from Si, gaAs, inP, gaInP, cuInGaSe 2 、CuInSe 2 At least one of CdS, cdTe, a dye-sensitized material, a polymer material, and a quantum dot material.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the material forming the thermoelectric conversion component is selected from Bi 2 Te 3 Base material, sb 2 Se 3 Base material, sb 2 Te 3 Base material, biSb base material and Zn 4 Sb 3 Base material, mg 3 Sb 2 Base material and Sb 2 Se 3 At least one of a base material.
According to an embodiment of the application, the material forming the radiant volt component is selected from the group consisting of Ge, si, inP, gaAs, gaP, siC, tiO 2 At least one of nanotube array, znO, gaN, znS, siCN/Si, diamond and AlN; the material for forming the radiation-emitting component is selected from ZnS: cu, znS: ag, srAl 2 O 4 :Eu 2+ 、SrAl 2 O 4 :Dy 2+ And Y 2 O 2 At least one of Eu.
According to an embodiment of the application, the isotope battery further comprises: a plurality of output wires electrically connected to the thermoelectric conversion assembly, the first photoelectric conversion assembly, the radiant photovoltaic assembly, and the radiant light emitting assembly, respectively, wherein the plurality of output wires are selected from nickel-plated copper core high-fire resistant insulated wires.
According to an embodiment of the application, the number of the transducer devices is plural.
According to the embodiment of the application, the transducer devices are distributed in columns, two adjacent columns of transducer devices form transducer groups, and the free ends of two columns of transducer devices in each transducer group are arranged close to each other.
According to the embodiment of the application, power management is realized among a plurality of the energy conversion devices in at least one of series connection and parallel connection.
The application provides an isotope battery is through adopting the friction luminescence subassembly, the thermoelectric conversion subassembly is the transduction material, further combine radiation volt material and radiation luminescence material effectively to break through the single transduction that traditional static type isotope battery exists, the great technical bottleneck of energy loss, the energy conversion efficiency of static type isotope battery has been promoted to a great extent simultaneously, it is efficient to have energy conversion, output is big, the environmental suitability is strong, job stabilization nature is good, long service life, characteristics such as easy implementation, can stably work in military national defense for a long time, deep sea in deep space, survey in polar regions, biological medical treatment, important fields such as electronic industry, the environmental protection that has further satisfied the energy demand, high efficiency, it is portable, it is pervasive.
Compared with the related art, the application has at least the following beneficial effects:
1. the novel isotope battery is designed by adopting the modes of friction luminescent materials, photoelectric materials, thermoelectric materials, radiation volt materials, radiation luminescent materials and the like to realize cascade transduction, the battery energy conversion efficiency is improved to a great extent, and the requirements of low carbon, environmental protection, high integration efficiency, economy and universality of energy are met.
2. According to the method, the energy conversion device is subjected to large-scale micro-nano integration, so that the electrical output characteristic of the battery is improved, and the application of the battery in the aspects of MEMS/NEMS, low-power/ultra-low-power electronic devices and the like is expanded.
3. This application adopts cantilever beam, friction light emitting component, thermoelectric conversion subassembly, radiation volt subassembly, radiation light emitting component respectively to realize that the radioactive source decay can to electric energy conversion, and multistage transduction structure plays better shielding effect to the ray, and the nanometer plumbous organic glass composite coating of curved surface casing body internal surface of assisting has further improved the security of battery.
4. This application adopts horizontal supporting pad and rubber seal to carry out adiabatic fixed to inside transducer of battery and battery electrode junction, battery transducer surface, helps buffering the mechanical extrusion and the thermal stress that inside structures of battery exist such as radiation source and transducer, improves battery stability to better work in various adverse circumstances.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an isotope battery in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the operation of an isotope battery in another embodiment of the invention.
Figure 3 is a left side view of a single cantilever isotope battery configuration in accordance with yet another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a left side view of a dual cantilever isotope battery configuration in accordance with yet another embodiment of the present disclosure.
Figure 5 is a right side view of an isotope battery configuration in accordance with yet another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of an isotope battery in accordance with yet another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of an isotope battery in accordance with yet another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of an isotope battery in accordance with yet another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic view of an isotope battery in accordance with yet another embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of an isotope battery in accordance with yet another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a schematic view of an isotope battery in accordance with yet another embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of a structure of an isotope battery integrated transducer device in yet another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of a structure of an isotope battery integrated transducer device in yet another embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present application are described in detail below. The following description of the embodiments is merely exemplary in nature and is in no way intended to limit the present disclosure. The examples, where specific techniques or conditions are not indicated, are to be construed according to the techniques or conditions described in the literature in the art or according to the product specifications. The reagents or instruments used are conventional products which are commercially available, and are not indicated by manufacturers.
In one aspect of the present application, a tribo-luminescent isotope battery is provided. According to an embodiment of the present application, the isotope battery includes a housing and a transducer assembly disposed in the housing, the transducer assembly including: one end of the cantilever beam in the length direction is fixed on the shell to form a fixed end, and the other end of the cantilever beam in the length direction extends into the shell and is suspended in the air to form a free end; the first charge collecting plate is arranged on the lower surface of the free end of the cantilever beam; a second charge collecting plate disposed on the housing opposite the first charge collecting plate and having charges accumulated thereon of opposite polarity to the charges accumulated on the first charge collecting plate; the radioactive source is arranged in the shell and is used for enabling the first charge collecting plate and the second charge collecting plate to be enriched with charges with opposite polarities respectively; the friction light-emitting component is arranged on the upper surface of the fixed end of the cantilever beam; the first photoelectric conversion component is arranged on the upper surface of the triboluminescence component; the first thermoelectric conversion component is arranged on the upper surface of the free end of the cantilever beam; a heat sink disposed on an upper surface of the first thermoelectric conversion assembly. The isotope battery can break through the technical bottleneck that the traditional isotope battery has single energy conversion and large energy loss, and has the characteristics of high energy conversion efficiency, good working stability, high micro-nano integration level and the like.
In the isotope battery, rays released by decay of a radioactive source (or called radioactive isotope) are incident into a transducer assembly, the energy of the rays is converted into electric energy and heat energy, and the conversion of the decay energy of the radioactive source into the electric energy is realized through transducer devices (a charge collecting plate, a photoelectric conversion assembly and a thermoelectric conversion assembly). Specifically, the process of achieving electrical output of the isotope battery of the present application can be described as follows: the first charge collecting plate on the lower surface of the free end of the cantilever beam is adopted to collect particles released when the radioactive source decays, the electrical polarity of charges enriched by the first charge collecting plate and the second charge collecting plate is opposite, the first charge collecting plate on the lower surface of the free end of the cantilever beam drags the cantilever beam to bend under the action of coulomb attraction force, so that the friction light-emitting component generates mechanical deformation to emit specific spectrum and realizes photoelectric conversion through the first photoelectric conversion component, and coulomb attraction force is released when the first charge collecting plate on the lower surface of the free end of the cantilever beam is contacted with the second charge collecting plate, so that electrical output is realized through the reciprocating circulation; meanwhile, the first thermoelectric conversion component is adopted to convert the temperature difference between the cantilever beam and the external environment of the radiating fin into electric energy, so that the electrical output is realized.
According to the embodiment of the application, the specific structure, the shape and the like of the shell can be flexibly selected according to actual needs. In some embodiments of this application, the casing includes cylindrical housing body and sets up first rubber seal and the second rubber seal at cylindrical housing body both ends, so that the inside confined space that forms of casing, the embedding of cantilever beam stiff end in the first rubber seal, be provided with on the second rubber seal with the valve that confined space is linked together and with the air cock that the valve is linked together. In some embodiments of the present application, the material forming the housing body may be aluminum silicate; the first rubber sealing ring and the second rubber sealing ring are made of the same material, and the material only needs to have certain mechanical strength (having a supporting effect on a shell of a battery) and certain heat insulation and ray shielding effects, and can be made of carbon fiber, rubber and other materials; the air nozzle can be a round hole type air nozzle; the valve may be a ball valve. From this, can make casing internal seal space form vacuum environment through valve and tuyeres, adopt rubber seal can help mechanical extrusion and the thermal stress that buffering battery inner structure exists, improve battery stability to better work in various operational environment.
According to the embodiment of the application, casing body internal surface is provided with the supporting pad. In some embodiments of the present application, the material forming the support pad may be a graphite-epoxy thermally conductive composite (GEC). Therefore, the connection part of the energy conversion device inside the battery and the electrode of the battery and the outer surface of the energy conversion device of the battery can be subjected to heat insulation fixation, the mechanical extrusion and the thermal stress existing in the internal structure of the battery can be buffered, the stability of the battery is improved, and the battery can better work in various severe environments. In some embodiments of the present application, the supporting pad may be disposed between the first rubber sealing ring and the second rubber sealing ring, and the components (such as the radiation source, the energy conversion assembly, the second charge collecting plate, etc.) disposed on the casing may be disposed on the supporting pad, or may pass through the supporting pad and be directly disposed on the casing body.
According to the embodiment of this application, in order to improve the ray shielding effect, improve the security of battery, can set up nanometer lead organic glass composite coating on the internal surface of casing body, wherein, the thickness of nanometer lead organic glass composite coating can be adjusted according to actual operational environment's requirement is nimble. Therefore, the battery has better ray shielding performance and safety.
According to the embodiment of the application, the specific structure, material, shape and the like of the cantilever beam can be flexibly selected according to actual needs. In some embodiments of the present application, the material forming the cantilever may be Si, au or Cu. Therefore, the material source is wide, the cost is low, and the mechanical property and the fatigue resistance are good, so that the stability of the battery is good, and the service life is long.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the first charge collecting plate and the second charge collecting plate may be metal film layers, and the specific material may be metal Au, pd, pt, al, cu, ni, or Ti. In some embodiments of the present application, the second charge collecting plate may also be formed by a radiation source, i.e. the radiation source is reused as the second charge collecting plate, or the radiation source is used as both the radiation source and the second charge collecting plate.
According to the embodiment of the application, the isotope battery expands the selection range of the radioactive source, and the radioactive source can be an alpha radioactive source or a beta radioactive source. In some embodiments of the present application, the alpha radiation source is selected from 210 Po、Gd 210 Po、Y 210 Po、La 210 Po、Ce 210 Po、Pr 210 Po、Nd 210 Po、Sm 210 Po、Eu 210 Po、Tb 210 Po、Dy 210 Po、Ho 210 Po、Er 210 Po、Tm 210 Po、Yb 210 Po、Lu 210 Po、Pm 210 Po、Sc 210 Po、Gd 3 210 Po、Y 3 210 Po、La 3 210 Po、Ce 3 210 Po、Pr 3 210 Po、Nd 3 210 Po、Sm 3 210 Po、Eu 3 210 Po、Tb 3 210 Po、Dy 3 210 Po、Ho 3 210 Po、Er 3 210 Po、Tm 3 210 Po、Yb 3 210 Po、Lu 3 210 Po、 228 Th、 228 ThO 2 、 235 U、 238 Pu、 238 PuO 2 Micro-spheres, 238 PuO 2 -Mo ceramics, 238 PuO 2 A fuel ball, 238 PuO 2 Ceramics, a, 238 Pu-Zr alloy, 238 Pu-Ga alloy, 238 Pu-Pt alloy, 238 Pu-Sc alloy, 238 PuN、 238 PuC、 241 Am、 242 Cm、 242 Cm 2 O 3 、 244 Cm and 244 Cm 2 O 3 (ii) a The beta radiation source includes: (C) 4 H 3 3 H 5 -) n 、Sc 3 H 2 、 14 C、 35 S、 63 Ni、 90 Sr、 90 Sr/ 90 Y、 90 SrTiO 3 、 90 SrNO 3 、 90 SrNO 3 Bicyclo-hexane-18-crown-6, 106 Ru、 137 Cs、 137 CsCl、 144 Ce、 144 CeO 2 、 147 Pm、 147 Pm 2 O 3 And 151 at least one of Sm.
When the radiation source is (C) 4 H 3 3 H 5 -) n And (2) when the ionic liquid is tritiated poly-1-ethyl ethylene, wherein n represents the polymerization degree, the selection of a specific value is not limited, and a person skilled in the art can flexibly select the polymerization degree of the radioactive source according to the application field of the battery or the specific parameter requirement.
According to the embodiment of the application, the radioactive source can be a radioactive isotope film, and in practical use, the activity size, the physical size and the like of the radioactive isotope film can be adjusted according to the requirement of output voltage and current in practical application.
According to the embodiment of the application, the radiation source can be flexibly selected according to actual conditions as long as the radiation source can radiate energy and the radiated energy can be converted into electric energy to be output. In the embodiment of the present application, the radiation source can be disposed in two ways, one way is to dispose the radiation source opposite to the first charge collecting plate, the first charge collecting plate directly absorbs the particle-enriched charges radiated by the radiation source, and the second charge collecting plate directly contacts with the radiation source, such as disposing the radiation source on the surface of the second charge collecting plate far from the housing; in another mode, the radiation source is not disposed opposite to the first charge collecting plate, the first charge collecting plate and the second charge collecting plate are respectively connected to an energy conversion assembly for enriching charges, for example, the radiation source is disposed below the fixed end of the cantilever beam, and a second energy conversion assembly and a third energy conversion assembly are respectively disposed on the upper surface and the lower surface of the radiation source, the second energy conversion assembly is electrically connected to the first charge collecting plate, and the third energy conversion assembly is electrically connected to the second charge collecting plate.
According to an embodiment of the present application, when the radiation source is disposed in the first manner, the isotope battery may further include a first energy conversion assembly disposed on a side of the radiation source away from the first charge collection plate. Therefore, the first energy conversion assembly can absorb the energy radiated by one side of the radioactive source close to the shell and convert the energy into electric energy to be output, and the energy conversion efficiency of the battery is effectively improved. And the problems of single transduction and large energy loss can be solved by adopting a plurality of transduction modes.
According to some embodiments of the application, the first energy conversion component comprises any one of a second thermoelectric conversion component, a first radiant photovoltaic component, and a first radiant luminescent component. Therefore, the problems of single transduction and large energy loss can be solved by adopting various transduction modes, the energy conversion efficiency is improved to a large extent, and the requirements of low carbon, environmental protection, high integration efficiency and economy are met.
According to an embodiment of the application, when the radioactive source is arranged in the second manner, the second energy conversion assembly and the third energy conversion assembly are any one of a third thermoelectric conversion assembly, a second radiation volt assembly and a second radiation emitting assembly, respectively. Therefore, the problems of single transduction and large energy loss can be solved by adopting various transduction modes, the energy conversion efficiency is improved to a large extent, and the requirements of low carbon, environmental protection, high integration efficiency and economy are met.
The thermoelectric conversion modules (e.g., first thermoelectric conversion module, second thermoelectric conversion module, third thermoelectric conversion module, etc.) described in the present application refer to modules capable of converting heat into electric energy (e.g., thermoelectric conversion), and the thermoelectric material forming the thermoelectric conversion modules is selected from Bi 2 Te 3 Base material, sb 2 Se 3 Base material, sb 2 Te 3 Base material, biSb base material and Zn 4 Sb 3 Base material, mg 3 Sb 2 Base material and Sb 2 Se 3 At least one of a base material.
The radiation volt element (e.g., the first radiation volt element, the second radiation volt element, etc.) described in this application is an element that can convert energy radiated from a radiation source into electric energy based on a radiation volt effect, and a material forming the radiation volt element is selected from Ge, si, inP, gaAs, gaP, siC, tiO, and the like 2 Nanotube arrays (TNTAs), znO, gaN, znS, siCN/Si, diamond, and AlN.
The radiation-emitting elements described herein (e.g., the first radiation-emitting element, the second radiation-emitting element, etc.) generally include a radiation-emitting material that absorbs energy emitted from a radiation source and emits light, and a photoelectric conversion element that converts light into an electrical energy output, and a radiation-emitting material selected from the group consisting of ZnS: cu, znS: ag, srAl, etc., may be used 2 O 4 :Eu 2+ 、SrAl 2 O 4 :Dy 2+ And Y 2 O 2 Eu, the material forming the first photoelectric conversion component is selected from Si, gaAs, inP, gaInP, cuInGaSe 2 、CuInSe 2 At least one of CdS, cdTe, a dye-sensitized material, a polymer material, and a quantum dot material.
The triboluminescence component referred to in this application meansA component capable of emitting light by friction or force-induced deformation, the triboluminescent component being formed from a material selected from the group consisting of sucrose, D-glucose, lactose, maltose, L-rhamnose, tartaric acid, lithium acetate, potassium hydrogen malonate, vitamin C, sorbitol hexaacetate, phthalic acid, coumarin, zeolane, 9-anthracenemethanol-based materials, polybutadiene, epoxy resins, europium vanadium, copper vanadium, tetrahedral manganese complexes, (NH) V 4 ) 2 C 2 O 4 、LiSO 4 ·H 2 O、Ce(SO 4 ) 3 ·8H 2 O、Zn(NO 3 ) 2 ·6H 2 O、(UO 2 )(NO 3 ) 2 ·6H 2 O, siC, si, inP, gaAs, ge, diamond, mgO, caO, srO, naF, liF, naCl, KCl, KI, csI, rbI, KBr, rbBr, baAl 2 Si 2 O 8 Base material, sr 3 Al 2 O 6 Base material, srAl 2 O 4 Base material, ca 2 SrMgSi 2 O 7 Base Material, ca 2 MgSi 2 O 7 Base material, srMgAl 10 O 17 Base material, sr 2 Mg 2 (PO 4 ) 2 Base material, baFCl base material, baFBr base material, K 2 Mg 2 (SO 4 ) 3 Base material, baSi 2 O 2 N 2 Base material, caO & Nb 2 O 5 Base material, znGa 2 O 4 Base material, mgGa 2 O 4 Base material, znAl 2 O 4 Base material, liNbO 3 Base material, srAl 2 O 4 At least one of a base material and a ZnS-based material. Specifically, the friction light-emitting component is squeezed by the reciprocating motion of the cantilever beam to deform and emit light, and the first photoelectric conversion component (which may be the same as the photoelectric conversion component described above) can convert light into electric energy to be output.
According to the embodiment of the application, the heat sink can be arranged on the upper surface of the first thermoelectric conversion component, so that the temperature difference between the cantilever beam and the environment can be increased, and the energy conversion efficiency can be improved. In some embodiments of the present application, the fins may be graphite fins, copper fins, or aluminum alloy fins. Therefore, the heat dissipation effect is better.
As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, all of the thermoelectric conversion modules, photoelectric conversion modules, photovoltaic modules, and luminescent modules referred to in this application are provided with output leads and output terminals connected to the output leads for efficient output of electrical energy, i.e., the isotope battery further includes a plurality of output leads including: a first thermoelectric conversion assembly output lead electrically connected to the first thermoelectric conversion assembly; a second thermoelectric conversion assembly output lead electrically connected to the second thermoelectric conversion assembly; a third thermoelectric conversion assembly output lead electrically connected with the third thermoelectric conversion assembly; a first photoelectric conversion assembly output lead electrically connected with the first photoelectric conversion assembly; a first radiating volt component output lead electrically connected with the first radiating volt component; a second radiation volt component output lead electrically connected with the second radiation volt component; the first radiation light-emitting component output lead is electrically connected with the first radiation light-emitting component; and the second radiation light-emitting component output wires are electrically connected with the second radiation light-emitting component, wherein the output wires can be nickel-plated copper core high-fire-resistance insulated wires, the output terminals can be clamping terminals, and the output terminals can be made of Al or Cu.
The isotope battery of the present application is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In one embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 1-5: the whole columnar structure that is of isotope battery, first rubber packing ring 12 and second rubber packing ring 17 are inlayed respectively at casing 15 both ends, and 11 free ends of cantilever beam stretch into casing 15 and hang empty the setting, and 11 stiff ends of cantilever beam are fixed through first rubber packing ring 12 or casing 15, and friction light emitting component 31 sets up 11 fixed end upper surface of cantilever beam, first photoelectric conversion subassembly 32 set up at friction light emitting component 31 upper surface, and first photoelectric conversion subassembly output terminal 34 is connected through first photoelectric conversion subassembly output wire 33 and first photoelectric conversion subassembly 32 electricity, and then exports the electric energy of light conversion. The upper surface and the lower surface of the free end of the cantilever beam 11 are respectively provided with a first thermoelectric conversion component 42 and a first charge collecting plate 25, the upper surface of the first thermoelectric conversion component 42 is provided with a radiating fin 41, and the electrical output terminal 44 of the first thermoelectric conversion component is connected to the first thermoelectric conversion component 42 through the output lead 43 of the first thermoelectric conversion component, so that the electrical energy output by the thermal conversion of the temperature difference between the external environments where the first thermoelectric conversion component 42 and the radiating fin 41 are located is realized. The second charge collecting plate 23 is disposed on the housing 15 and opposite to the first charge collecting plate 25, and the charges accumulated on the second charge collecting plate 23 are opposite to the charges accumulated on the first charge collecting plate 25 (for example, the second charge collecting plate 23 is accumulated with positive charges 22, and the first charge collecting plate 25 is accumulated with negative charges 24), so that the coulomb attraction is released when the first charge collecting plate 25 contacts with the second charge collecting plate 23 on the lower surface of the free end of the cantilever beam, thereby realizing the electrical output in a reciprocating cycle. A radioisotope thin film 21 (radioactive source) is deposited on the upper surface of the second charge collecting plate 23. The supporting frame 13 is disposed between the lower surface of the fixed end of the cantilever beam 11 and the housing 15, the supporting pad 14 is disposed on the inner surface of the housing 15, and specifically, the supporting pad can be disposed between the first rubber gasket 12 and the second rubber gasket 17 by being closely attached to the inner wall of the housing 15, and the second rubber gasket 17 is equipped with a valve 19 and an air nozzle 18 (for example, the supporting pad can be disposed at the center of the second rubber gasket) which are communicated with the sealing space, so as to form a vacuum cavity 16 inside the housing 15.
In conjunction with fig. 2, the process of achieving an electrical output for the isotope battery of the present application can be described as: the particles released when the radioactive source 21 decays are collected by adopting the first charge collecting plate 25 on the lower surface of the free end of the cantilever beam 11, the electrical polarities of the charges enriched by the first charge collecting plate 25 and the second charge collecting plate 23 are opposite, under the action of coulomb attraction, the first charge collecting plate 25 on the lower surface of the free end of the cantilever beam 11 drags the cantilever beam 11 to bend, so that the friction light-emitting component 31 generates mechanical deformation to emit a specific spectrum, photoelectric conversion is realized through the first photoelectric conversion component 32, coulomb attraction is released when the first charge collecting plate 25 on the lower surface of the free end of the cantilever beam contacts with the second charge collecting plate 23, and electrical output is realized through the reciprocating circulation; meanwhile, the first thermoelectric conversion component 42 is adopted to convert the temperature difference between the cantilever beam 11 and the external environment where the radiating fin 41 is located into electric energy, so as to realize electrical output.
Fig. 3 and fig. 4 are left side views of the isotope battery structure in fig. 1, the end face where the first rubber gasket 12 is located is embedded in the housing 15, and the friction light-emitting component 31 and the first photoelectric conversion component 32 are fixed on the upper surface of the cantilever beam 11 and clamped by the first rubber gasket 12, where fig. 3 is a left side view of a single-cantilever isotope battery, and fig. 4 is a left side view of a double-cantilever isotope battery.
Fig. 5 is a right side view of the isotope battery structure in fig. 1, and the air tap 18 of the isotope battery is clamped and fixed by the second rubber gasket 17.
In another embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 6: the whole columnar structure that is of isotope battery, first rubber packing ring 12 and second rubber packing ring 17 are inlayed respectively at casing 15 both ends, and 11 free ends of cantilever beam stretch into casing 15 and hang empty the setting, and 11 stiff ends of cantilever beam are fixed through first rubber packing ring 12 or casing 15, and friction light emitting component 31 sets up 11 fixed end upper surface of cantilever beam, first photoelectric conversion subassembly 32 set up at friction light emitting component 31 upper surface, and first photoelectric conversion subassembly output terminal 34 is connected through first photoelectric conversion subassembly output wire 33 and first photoelectric conversion subassembly 32 electricity, and then exports the electric energy of light conversion. The upper surface and the lower surface of the free end of the cantilever beam 11 are respectively provided with a first thermoelectric conversion component 42 and a first charge collecting plate 25, the upper surface of the first thermoelectric conversion component 42 is provided with a radiating fin 41, and the electrical output terminal 44 of the first thermoelectric conversion component is connected to the first thermoelectric conversion component 42 through the output lead 43 of the first thermoelectric conversion component, so that the electrical energy output by the thermal conversion of the temperature difference between the external environments where the first thermoelectric conversion component 42 and the radiating fin 41 are located is realized. The second charge collecting plate 23 is disposed on the housing 15 and opposite to the first charge collecting plate 25, and the charges accumulated on the second charge collecting plate 23 are opposite to the charges accumulated on the first charge collecting plate 25 (for example, the second charge collecting plate 23 is accumulated with positive charges 22, and the first charge collecting plate 25 is accumulated with negative charges 24), so that the coulomb attraction is released when the first charge collecting plate 25 contacts with the second charge collecting plate 23 on the lower surface of the free end of the cantilever beam, thereby realizing the electrical output in a reciprocating cycle. The second thermoelectric conversion module 42a is disposed on the upper surface of the second charge collecting plate 23, and the radioisotope thin film 21 (radiation source) is deposited on the upper surface of the second thermoelectric conversion module 42a, that is, the second thermoelectric conversion module 42a is disposed on the side of the radiation source 21 away from the first charge collecting plate 25, and is electrically connected to the second thermoelectric conversion module output terminal 44a through the second thermoelectric conversion module output lead 43a, so that the second thermoelectric conversion module 42a can absorb the particles radiated from the side of the radiation source 21 close to the casing 15 and convert them into electric energy for output, thereby effectively improving the energy conversion efficiency of the battery, and overcoming the problems of single energy conversion and large energy loss. In addition, the supporting frame 13 is disposed between the lower surface of the fixed end of the cantilever 11 and the housing 15, the supporting pad 14 is disposed on the inner surface of the housing 15, and specifically, may be disposed between the first rubber gasket 12 and the second rubber gasket 17 by closely contacting the inner wall of the housing 15, and the second rubber gasket 17 is equipped with a valve 19 and an air nozzle 18 (for example, may be disposed at the center of the second rubber gasket 17) which are communicated with the sealing space 16, so as to form a vacuum chamber 16 inside the housing 15.
In yet another embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 7: the whole columnar structure that is of isotope battery, first rubber packing ring 12 and second rubber packing ring 17 are inlayed respectively at casing 15 both ends, and 11 free ends of cantilever beam stretch into casing 15 and hang empty the setting, and 11 stiff ends of cantilever beam are fixed through first rubber packing ring 12 or casing 15, and friction light emitting component 31 sets up 11 fixed end upper surface of cantilever beam, first photoelectric conversion subassembly 32 set up at friction light emitting component 31 upper surface, and first photoelectric conversion subassembly output terminal 34 is connected through first photoelectric conversion subassembly output wire 33 and first photoelectric conversion subassembly 32 electricity, and then exports the electric energy of light conversion. The upper surface and the lower surface of the free end of the cantilever beam 11 are respectively provided with a first thermoelectric conversion component 42 and a first charge collecting plate 25, the upper surface of the first thermoelectric conversion component 42 is provided with a heat radiating fin 41, and an electrical output terminal 44 of the first thermoelectric conversion component is connected to the first thermoelectric conversion component 42 through a first thermoelectric conversion component output lead 43, so that the temperature difference between the first thermoelectric conversion component 42 and the external environment where the heat radiating fin 41 is located is thermally converted into electric energy to be output. At this time, the radiation source 21 also serves as a second charge collecting plate, and is disposed on the first radiation volt element 42b as a first energy conversion element (i.e. the first energy conversion element is disposed on the side of the radiation source away from the first charge collecting plate), and is disposed opposite to the first charge collecting plate 25, and the charges accumulated on the radiation source 21 are opposite to the charges accumulated on the first charge collecting plate 25 (e.g. the positive charges 22 are accumulated on the radiation source 21, and the negative charges 24 are accumulated on the first charge collecting plate 25), and when the first charge collecting plate 25 on the lower surface of the free end of the cantilever beam contacts with the radiation source 21, the coulomb attraction is released, so that the reciprocating cycle realizes the electrical output. The first radiation volt component 42b is electrically connected to the first radiation volt component output terminal 44b through the first radiation volt component output wire 43b, so that the first radiation volt component 42b can absorb particles radiated from one side of the radioactive source 21 close to the casing 15 and convert the particles into electric energy to be output, thereby effectively improving the energy conversion efficiency of the battery and overcoming the problems of single energy conversion and large energy loss. In addition, the supporting frame 13 is disposed between the lower surface of the fixed end of the cantilever beam 11 and the housing 15, the supporting pad 14 is disposed on the inner surface of the housing 15, and specifically, may be disposed between the first rubber gasket 12 and the second rubber gasket 17 in close contact with the inner wall of the housing 15, and the second rubber gasket 17 is equipped with a valve 19 and an air nozzle 18 (for example, may be disposed at the center of the second rubber gasket 17) communicating with the sealed space 16, so as to form a vacuum chamber 16 inside the housing 15.
In yet another embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 8: the whole columnar structure that is of isotope battery, first rubber packing ring 12 and second rubber packing ring 17 are inlayed respectively at casing 15 both ends, and 11 free ends of cantilever beam stretch into casing 15 and hang empty the setting, and 11 stiff ends of cantilever beam are fixed through first rubber packing ring 12 or casing 15, and friction light emitting component 31 sets up 11 fixed end upper surface of cantilever beam, first photoelectric conversion subassembly 32 set up at friction light emitting component 31 upper surface, and first photoelectric conversion subassembly output terminal 34 is connected through first photoelectric conversion subassembly output wire 33 and first photoelectric conversion subassembly 32 electricity, and then exports the electric energy of light conversion. The upper surface and the lower surface of the free end of the cantilever beam 11 are respectively provided with a first thermoelectric conversion component 42 and a first charge collecting plate 25, the upper surface of the first thermoelectric conversion component 42 is provided with a radiating fin 41, and the electrical output terminal 44 of the first thermoelectric conversion component is connected to the first thermoelectric conversion component 42 through the output lead 43 of the first thermoelectric conversion component, so that the electrical energy output by the thermal conversion of the temperature difference between the external environments where the first thermoelectric conversion component 42 and the radiating fin 41 are located is realized. At this time, the radiation source 21 also serves as a second charge collecting plate, and is disposed on the first radiation emitting element 42c as a first energy conversion element (i.e. the first energy conversion element is disposed on the side of the radiation source away from the first charge collecting plate), and is disposed opposite to the first charge collecting plate 25, and the charges accumulated on the radiation source 21 are opposite to the charges accumulated on the first charge collecting plate 25 (e.g. the positive charges 22 accumulated on the radiation source 21 and the negative charges 24 accumulated on the first charge collecting plate 25), and when the first charge collecting plate 25 on the lower surface of the free end of the cantilever beam contacts with the radiation source 21, coulomb attraction is released, so that the reciprocating cycle realizes the electrical output. The first radiation light emitting component 42c is electrically connected to the first radiation light emitting component output terminal 44c through the first radiation light emitting component output lead 43c, so that the first radiation light emitting component 42c can absorb particles radiated from one side of the radiation source 21 close to the housing 15 and convert the particles into electric energy for output, thereby effectively improving the energy conversion efficiency of the battery and overcoming the problems of single energy conversion and large energy loss. In addition, the supporting frame 13 is arranged between the lower surface of the fixed end of the cantilever beam 11 and the shell 15; the supporting pad 14 is arranged on the inner surface of the shell 15, and particularly, can be arranged between the first rubber gasket 12 and the second rubber gasket 17 in close contact with the inner wall of the shell 15; the second rubber gasket 17 is provided with a valve 19 and an air nozzle 18 (for example, may be provided at the center of the second rubber gasket 17) which are communicated with the sealed space 16, so as to form a vacuum chamber 16 inside the housing 15.
In yet another embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 9: the whole columnar structure that is of isotope battery, first rubber packing ring 12 and second rubber packing ring 17 are inlayed respectively at casing 15 both ends, and 11 free ends of cantilever beam stretch into casing 15 and hang empty the setting, and 11 stiff ends of cantilever beam are fixed through first rubber packing ring 12 or casing 15, and friction light emitting component 31 sets up 11 fixed end upper surface of cantilever beam, first photoelectric conversion subassembly 32 set up at friction light emitting component 31 upper surface, and first photoelectric conversion subassembly output terminal 34 is connected through first photoelectric conversion subassembly output wire 33 and first photoelectric conversion subassembly 32 electricity, and then exports the electric energy of photoconversion. The upper surface and the lower surface of the free end of the cantilever beam 11 are respectively provided with a first thermoelectric conversion component 42 and a first charge collecting plate 25, the upper surface of the first thermoelectric conversion component 42 is provided with a heat radiating fin 41, and an electrical output terminal 44 of the first thermoelectric conversion component is connected to the first thermoelectric conversion component 42 through a first thermoelectric conversion component output lead 43, so that the temperature difference between the first thermoelectric conversion component 42 and the external environment where the heat radiating fin 41 is located is thermally converted into electric energy to be output. At this time, the radiation source 21 is disposed below the fixed end of the cantilever beam 11, and a second energy conversion assembly and a third energy conversion assembly are respectively disposed on the upper surface and the lower surface of the radiation source 21, the second energy conversion assembly is electrically connected to the first charge collection plate, and the third energy conversion assembly is electrically connected to the second charge collection plate, wherein the second energy conversion assembly and the third energy conversion assembly are both third thermoelectric conversion assemblies 42d, and the third thermoelectric conversion assemblies 42d are electrically connected to a third thermoelectric conversion assembly output terminal 44d through a third thermoelectric conversion assembly output lead 43d, so that the third thermoelectric conversion assemblies 42d can absorb heat released during decay of the radiation source and convert the heat into electric energy for output, thereby effectively improving the energy conversion efficiency of the battery, and overcoming the problems of single energy conversion and large energy loss. The second charge collecting plate 23 is disposed on the housing 15 and opposite to the first charge collecting plate 25, and the charges accumulated on the second charge collecting plate 23 are opposite in polarity to the charges accumulated on the first charge collecting plate 25 (for example, the second charge collecting plate 23 is accumulated with positive charges 22 and the first charge collecting plate 25 is accumulated with negative charges 24), so that the coulomb attraction is released when the first charge collecting plate 25 contacts with the second charge collecting plate 23 on the lower surface of the free end of the cantilever beam 11, thereby realizing the electrical output in a reciprocating cycle. In addition, the support frame 13 is disposed between the lower surface of the fixed end of the cantilever beam 11 and the housing 15, and is located on both sides of the radiation source 21 and the third thermoelectric conversion assembly 42 d; the supporting pad 14 is arranged on the inner surface of the shell 15, and in particular, the supporting pad 14 can be arranged between the first rubber gasket 12 and the second rubber gasket 17 in close contact with the inner wall of the shell 15; the second rubber gasket 17 is provided with a valve 19 and an air nozzle 18 (which may be disposed at the center of the second rubber gasket 17, for example) communicating with the sealed space 16, so as to form a vacuum chamber 16 inside the housing 15.
In yet another embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 10: the whole columnar structure that is of isotope battery, first rubber packing ring 12 and second rubber packing ring 17 are inlayed respectively at casing 15 both ends, and 11 free ends of cantilever beam stretch into casing 15 and hang empty the setting, and 11 stiff ends of cantilever beam are fixed through first rubber packing ring 12 or casing 15, and friction light emitting component 31 sets up 11 fixed end upper surface of cantilever beam, first photoelectric conversion subassembly 32 set up at friction light emitting component 31 upper surface, and first photoelectric conversion subassembly output terminal 34 is connected through first photoelectric conversion subassembly output wire 33 and first photoelectric conversion subassembly 32 electricity, and then exports the electric energy of light conversion. The upper surface and the lower surface of the free end of the cantilever beam 11 are respectively provided with a first thermoelectric conversion component 42 and a first charge collecting plate 25, the upper surface of the first thermoelectric conversion component 42 is provided with a heat radiating fin 41, and an electrical output terminal 44 of the first thermoelectric conversion component is connected to the first thermoelectric conversion component 42 through a first thermoelectric conversion component output lead 43, so that the temperature difference between the first thermoelectric conversion component 42 and the external environment where the heat radiating fin 41 is located is thermally converted into electric energy to be output. At this time, the radiation source 21 is disposed below the fixed end of the cantilever 11, and a second energy conversion assembly and a third energy conversion assembly are respectively disposed on the upper surface and the lower surface of the radiation source 21, the second energy conversion assembly is electrically connected to the first charge collecting plate, and the third energy conversion assembly is electrically connected to the second charge collecting plate, wherein both the second energy conversion assembly and the third energy conversion assembly are second radiation volt assemblies 42e, and the second radiation volt assemblies 42e are electrically connected to the second radiation volt assembly output terminals 44e through second radiation volt assembly output wires 43e, so that the second radiation volt assemblies 42e can absorb heat released by decay of the radiation source and convert the heat into electric energy to be output, thereby effectively improving the energy conversion efficiency of the battery, and overcoming the problems of single energy conversion and large energy loss. The second charge collecting plate 23 is disposed on the housing 15 and opposite to the first charge collecting plate 25, and the charges accumulated on the second charge collecting plate 23 are opposite in polarity to the charges accumulated on the first charge collecting plate 25 (for example, the second charge collecting plate 23 is accumulated with positive charges 22 and the first charge collecting plate 25 is accumulated with negative charges 24), so that the coulomb attraction is released when the first charge collecting plate 25 contacts with the second charge collecting plate 23 on the lower surface of the free end of the cantilever beam 11, thereby realizing the electrical output in a reciprocating cycle. In addition, the support frame 13 is disposed between the lower surface of the fixed end of the cantilever beam 11 and the housing 15, and is located at two sides of the radiation source 21 and the second radiation volt component 42 e; the supporting pad 14 is arranged on the inner surface of the shell 15, and specifically, the supporting pad 14 can be arranged between the first rubber gasket 12 and the second rubber gasket 17 in a manner of being tightly attached to the inner wall of the shell 15; the second rubber gasket 17 is provided with a valve 19 and an air nozzle 18 (which may be disposed at the center of the second rubber gasket 17, for example) communicating with the sealed space 16, so as to form a vacuum chamber 16 inside the housing 15.
In yet another embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 11: the whole columnar structure that is of isotope battery, first rubber packing ring 12 and second rubber packing ring 17 are inlayed respectively at casing 15 both ends, and 11 free ends of cantilever beam stretch into casing 15 and hang empty the setting, and 11 stiff ends of cantilever beam are fixed through first rubber packing ring 12 or casing 15, and friction light emitting component 31 sets up 11 fixed end upper surface of cantilever beam, first photoelectric conversion subassembly 32 set up at friction light emitting component 31 upper surface, and first photoelectric conversion subassembly output terminal 34 is connected through first photoelectric conversion subassembly output wire 33 and first photoelectric conversion subassembly 32 electricity, and then exports the electric energy of photoconversion. The upper surface and the lower surface of the free end of the cantilever beam 11 are respectively provided with a first thermoelectric conversion component 42 and a first charge collecting plate 25, the upper surface of the first thermoelectric conversion component 42 is provided with a radiating fin 41, and the electrical output terminal 44 of the first thermoelectric conversion component is connected to the first thermoelectric conversion component 42 through the output lead 43 of the first thermoelectric conversion component, so that the electrical energy output by the thermal conversion of the temperature difference between the external environments where the first thermoelectric conversion component 42 and the radiating fin 41 are located is realized. At this time, the radiation source 21 is disposed below the fixed end of the cantilever beam 11, and a second energy conversion assembly and a third energy conversion assembly are respectively disposed on the upper surface and the lower surface of the radiation source 21, the second energy conversion assembly is electrically connected to the first charge collection plate, and the third energy conversion assembly is electrically connected to the second charge collection plate, wherein the second energy conversion assembly and the third energy conversion assembly are both a second radiation light emitting assembly 42f, and the second radiation light emitting assembly 42f is electrically connected to a second radiation light emitting assembly output terminal 44f through a second radiation light emitting assembly output lead 43f, so that the second radiation light emitting assembly 42f can absorb heat released by decay of the radiation source and convert the heat into electric energy for output, thereby effectively improving the energy conversion efficiency of the battery, and overcoming the problems of single energy conversion and large energy loss. The second charge collecting plate 23 is disposed on the housing 15 and opposite to the first charge collecting plate 25, and the charges accumulated on the second charge collecting plate 23 are opposite in polarity to the charges accumulated on the first charge collecting plate 25 (for example, the second charge collecting plate 23 is accumulated with positive charges 22 and the first charge collecting plate 25 is accumulated with negative charges 24), so that the coulomb attraction is released when the first charge collecting plate 25 contacts with the second charge collecting plate 23 on the lower surface of the free end of the cantilever beam 11, thereby realizing the electrical output in a reciprocating cycle. In addition, the supporting frame 13 is disposed between the lower surface of the fixed end of the cantilever beam 11 and the housing 15, and is located at two sides of the radiation source 21 and the second radiation emitting component 42 f; the supporting pad 14 is arranged on the inner surface of the shell 15, and in particular, the supporting pad 14 can be arranged between the first rubber gasket 12 and the second rubber gasket 17 in close contact with the inner wall of the shell 15; the second rubber gasket 17 is provided with a valve 19 and an air nozzle 18 (which may be disposed at the center of the second rubber gasket 17, for example) communicating with the sealed space 16, so as to form a vacuum chamber 16 inside the housing 15.
According to an embodiment of the present application, referring to fig. 12 and 13, the number of transducer devices 10 is multiple in the same isotope battery. The triboelectric light-emitting unit 30 includes a triboelectric light-emitting component 31 and a first photoelectric conversion component 32, and the first thermoelectric unit 40 includes a first thermoelectric conversion component 42 and a heat sink 41, wherein details of respective output leads and output terminals are not shown. Therefore, the requirements of different isotope batteries on different electric quantity outputs can be met.
According to the embodiment of the present application, referring to fig. 12 and 13, the transducer devices 10 in the integrated transducer device 20 are distributed in columns, and two adjacent columns of transducer devices constitute transducer groups, that is, the transducer devices 10 are in modular assembly along the length direction of the radiation source 21 and form transducer groups, and the free ends of two columns of transducer devices in each transducer group are arranged closely. Therefore, the process flow is simple and the integration level is high.
According to the embodiment of the application, power management is realized among the plurality of energy conversion devices in a serial connection mode and a parallel connection mode. Therefore, the circuit of the battery can be flexibly designed by a person skilled in the art according to actual requirements, and the use requirements of various batteries are met.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present application, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically limited otherwise.
In this application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can include, for example, fixed connections, removable connections, or integral parts; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or may be connected through the use of two elements or the interaction of two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate.
In this application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through intervening media. Also, a first feature "on," "above," and "over" a second feature may be directly on or obliquely above the second feature, or simply mean that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In the description of the present specification, reference to the description of "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples" or the like means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, various embodiments or examples and features of various embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without being mutually inconsistent.
Although embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present application, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations may be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present application.

Claims (20)

1. A tribo-luminescent isotope battery comprising a housing and a transducer device disposed in said housing, said transducer device comprising:
one end of the cantilever beam in the length direction is fixed on the shell to form a fixed end, and the other end of the cantilever beam in the length direction extends into the shell and is suspended in the air to form a free end;
the first charge collecting plate is arranged on the lower surface of the free end of the cantilever beam;
a second charge collecting plate disposed on the housing opposite the first charge collecting plate and having charges accumulated thereon of opposite polarity to the charges accumulated on the first charge collecting plate;
a radiation source disposed in the housing, the radiation source including at least one of an alpha radiation source and a beta radiation source;
the friction light-emitting component is arranged on the upper surface of the fixed end of the cantilever beam;
the first photoelectric conversion assembly is arranged on the upper surface of the friction light-emitting assembly;
the first thermoelectric conversion component is arranged on the upper surface of the free end of the cantilever beam;
a heat sink disposed on an upper surface of the first thermoelectric conversion assembly.
2. A tribo-luminescent isotope battery as recited in claim 1, wherein said radiation source is disposed on a surface of said second charge collection plate remote from said housing.
3. A tribo-luminescent isotope battery as recited in claim 2, further comprising a first energy conversion assembly disposed on a side of the radiation source remote from the first charge collection plate.
4. A tribo-luminescent isotope battery according to claim 3, wherein the first energy conversion component comprises any of a second thermoelectric conversion component, a first radiant volt component, a first radiant luminescent component.
5. A tribo-luminescent isotope battery in accordance with claim 3 or 4, wherein said radioactive source is disposed on said first energy conversion assembly opposite said first charge collecting plate and is multiplexed into said second charge collecting plate.
6. The tribo-luminescent isotope battery of claim 4, wherein said radioactive source is disposed below said cantilever beam fixed end, and a second energy conversion element and a third energy conversion element are disposed on an upper surface and a lower surface of said radioactive source, respectively, said second energy conversion element being electrically connected to said first charge collection plate, said third energy conversion element being electrically connected to said second charge collection plate.
7. A tribo-luminescent isotope battery in accordance with claim 6, wherein said second energy conversion assembly and said third energy conversion assembly are each any of a third thermoelectric conversion assembly, a second radiant volt assembly, and a second radiant luminescent assembly.
8. The tribo-luminescent isotope battery of claim 1, wherein said housing comprises:
cylindrical housing body is in with the setting first rubber seal and the second rubber seal at cylindrical housing body both ends, so that the inside confined space that forms of casing, the embedding of cantilever beam stiff end in the first rubber seal, be provided with on the second rubber seal with the valve that confined space is linked together and with the air cock that the valve is linked together.
9. The tribo-luminescent isotope battery of claim 8, wherein the housing body inner surface is provided with a support pad.
10. A tribo-luminescent isotope battery according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the inner surface of the housing body is provided with a nano-lead plexiglas composite coating.
11. A tribo-luminescent isotope battery as recited in claim 1 further comprising a support bracket disposed between a lower surface of the fixed end of the cantilevered beam and the housing.
12. The tribo-luminescent isotope battery in accordance with claim 1, wherein said alpha-emitting source is selected from the group consisting of 210 Po、Gd 210 Po、Y 210 Po、La 210 Po、Ce 210 Po、Pr 210 Po、Nd 210 Po、Sm 210 Po、Eu 210 Po、Tb 210 Po、Dy 210 Po、Ho 210 Po、Er 210 Po、Tm 210 Po、Yb 210 Po、Lu 210 Po、Pm 210 Po、Sc 210 Po、Gd 3 210 Po、Y 3 210 Po、La 3 210 Po、Ce 3 210 Po、Pr 3 210 Po、Nd 3 210 Po、Sm 3 210 Po、Eu 3 210 Po、Tb 3 210 Po、Dy 3 210 Po、Ho 3 210 Po、Er 3 210 Po、Tm 3 210 Po、Yb 3 210 Po、Lu 3 210 Po、 228 Th、 228 ThO 2 、 235 U、 238 Pu、 238 PuO 2 Micro-spheres, 238 PuO 2 -Mo ceramics, 238 PuO 2 A fuel ball, 238 PuO 2 Ceramics, a, 238 Pu-Zr alloy, 238 Pu-Ga alloy, 238 Pu-Pt alloy, 238 Pu-Sc alloy, 238 PuN、 238 PuC、 241 Am、 242 Cm、 242 Cm 2 O 3 、 244 Cm and 244 Cm 2 O 3 at least one of; the beta radioactive source is selected from (C) 4 H 3 3 H 5 -) n 、Sc 3 H 2 、 14 C、 35 S、 63 Ni、 90 Sr、 90 Sr/ 90 Y、 90 SrTiO 3 、 90 SrNO 3 、 90 SrNO 3 Bicyclo-hexane-18-crown-6, 106 Ru、 137 Cs、 137 CsCl、 144 Ce、 144 CeO 2 、 147 Pm、 147 Pm 2 O 3 And 151 at least one of Sm.
13. A triboluminescent isotope battery as claimed in claim 1, wherein the triboluminescent component is formed from a material selected from sucrose, D-glucose, lactose, maltose, L-rhamnose, tartaric acid, lithium acetate, potassium hydrogenmalonate, vitamin C, sorbitol hexaacetate, phthalic acid, coumarin, zeitapentane, 9-anthracenemethylmethacrylate, polybutadiene, epoxy resins, europium vanadium, copper vanadium, tetrahedral manganese complex, (NH) 4 ) 2 C 2 O 4 、LiSO 4 ·H 2 O、Ce(SO 4 ) 3 ·8H 2 O、Zn(NO 3 ) 2 ·6H 2 O、(UO 2 )(NO 3 ) 2 ·6H 2 O, siC, si, inP, gaAs, ge, diamond, mgO, caO, srO, naF, liF, naCl, KCl, KI, csI, rbI, KBr, rbBr, baAl 2 Si 2 O 8 Base material, sr 3 Al 2 O 6 Base material, srAl 2 O 4 Base Material, ca 2 SrMgSi 2 O 7 Base Material, ca 2 MgSi 2 O 7 Base material, srMgAl 10 O 17 Base material, sr 2 Mg 2 (PO 4 ) 2 Base material, baFCl-based material, baFBr-based material and K 2 Mg 2 (SO 4 ) 3 Base material, baSi 2 O 2 N 2 Base material, caO, nb 2 O 5 Base material, znGa 2 O 4 Base material, mgGa 2 O 4 Base material, znAl 2 O 4 Base material, liNbO 3 Base material, srAl 2 O 4 At least one of a base material and a ZnS-based material.
14. The tribo-luminescent isotope battery of claim 1, wherein the material forming the first photoelectric conversion component is selected from Si, gaAs, inP, gaInP, cuInGaSe 2 、CuInSe 2 At least one of CdS, cdTe, a dye-sensitized material, a polymer material, and a quantum dot material.
15. The tribo-luminescent isotope battery of claim 7, wherein materials forming the first thermoelectric conversion element, the second thermoelectric conversion element, and the third thermoelectric conversion element are selected from Bi 2 Te 3 Base material, sb 2 Se 3 Base material, sb 2 Te 3 Base material, biSb base material and Zn 4 Sb 3 Base material, mg 3 Sb 2 Base material and Sb 2 Se 3 At least one of a base material.
16. The tribo-luminescent isotope battery of claim 7, wherein the first and second photovoltaic components are formed from a material selected from the group consisting of Ge, si, inP, gaAs, gaP, siC, tiO 2 At least one of nanotube array, znO, gaN, znS, siCN/Si, diamond and AlN; the first and second radiation-emitting components are formed from a material selected from the group consisting of ZnS: cu, znS: ag, srAl 2 O 4 :Eu 2+ 、SrAl 2 O 4 :Dy 2+ And Y 2 O 2 At least one of Eu.
17. The tribo-luminescent isotope battery of claim 7, further comprising:
a plurality of output wires electrically connected to the first thermoelectric conversion module, the second thermoelectric conversion module, the third thermoelectric conversion module, the first photoelectric conversion module, the first radiant volt module, the second radiant volt module, the first radiant light emitting module, and the second radiant light emitting module, respectively, wherein the plurality of output wires are selected from nickel-plated copper core high-fire resistant insulated wires.
18. A tribo-luminescent isotope battery as claimed in claim 1, wherein said transducer device is plural in number.
19. A tribo-luminescent isotope battery according to claim 18, wherein said transducer devices are arranged in columns, two adjacent columns of said transducer devices forming a set of transducer devices, the free ends of two columns of transducer devices in each said set of transducer devices being disposed in close proximity.
20. A tribo-luminescent isotope battery according to claim 18 or 19, wherein power management is achieved between a plurality of said transduction devices at least one of in series and in parallel.
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