CN110491096A - The monitoring of transmission tower and method for early warning under a kind of rainfall induced landslide disaster - Google Patents
The monitoring of transmission tower and method for early warning under a kind of rainfall induced landslide disaster Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
- G08B21/02—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons
- G08B21/10—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons responsive to calamitous events, e.g. tornados or earthquakes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
- G08B21/18—Status alarms
- G08B21/182—Level alarms, e.g. alarms responsive to variables exceeding a threshold
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B25/00—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems
- G08B25/01—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems characterised by the transmission medium
- G08B25/10—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems characterised by the transmission medium using wireless transmission systems
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B29/00—Checking or monitoring of signalling or alarm systems; Prevention or correction of operating errors, e.g. preventing unauthorised operation
- G08B29/18—Prevention or correction of operating errors
- G08B29/185—Signal analysis techniques for reducing or preventing false alarms or for enhancing the reliability of the system
- G08B29/188—Data fusion; cooperative systems, e.g. voting among different detectors
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of monitoring of transmission tower under rainfall induced landslide disaster and method for early warning, including obtain history rainfall data and rainfall forecast information, determine rainfall impact factor FRGrade；If transmission tower is located on the upside of slip mass, transmission tower original state impact factor F is determinedG；If transmission tower is located on the downside of slip mass, determine that transmission tower damages otherness impact factor FT；Calculate transmission tower risk index；Transmission tower landslide disaster warning grade is determined based on transmission tower risk index F, issues disaster early-warning information.The present invention induces transmission tower fault pre-alarming for rain-induced landslide and provides new technological means, improves the accuracy and actual effect of early warning.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to transmission facility security technology areas, and in particular to transmission tower under a kind of rainfall induced landslide disaster
Monitoring and method for early warning.
Background technique
In recent years, under the main trend of Global climate change, the frequency and intensity of bad weather and extreme natural calamity have
Increased trend, the power grid being exposed in atmospheric environment is easier to break down or even wreck, to public life and society
Economy affects greatly.Especially in In Southwest China, induced by heavy rain and duration heavy rainfall, hills, ridge and abrupt slope
Etc. topographies the geological disasters such as rock slope, mud-rock flow easily occur.
Important component of the high-voltage power transmission tower as power transmission network, is inevitably erected at ridge, abrupt slope etc.
Area can suffer from the heavy rainfall meteorological disaster of short time, and then induce landslide, cause damages to power grid.Therefore it studies
The method for early warning of transmission tower under heavy rainfall induced landslide disaster, helps to take preventive measures in advance, reduces geological disaster pair
The catastrophe of power grid influences, and is of great significance to the safe operation for ensureing power grid.
The geological structure of transmission tower present position is the internal cause for generating landslide, and rainfall is the major incentive on landslide, such as
What carries out early warning to the landslide disaster that heavy rainfall induces, and is always the hot issue in research on landslide field.Both at home and abroad there are many
The internal factors such as topography and geomorphology and geological conditions of the researcher based on side slope study rainfall intensity and rainfall and landslide
Spatial and temporal distributions relationship, and then propose corresponding landslide method for early warning.There is researcher in analysis rainfall and land slide data comprehensively
On the basis of, the rainfall factor, prophase programming attenuation coefficient and the correlativity of landslide quantity are statisticallyd analyze, base is proposed
In the predictive model of landslide that Logistic is returned.There is researcher to be directed to the predictive model of landslide pair established using statistical result
Rainfall induces mechanism and considers insufficient disadvantage, using the exemplary binary structure slope in granite weathering crust area as prototype, with reality
Based on reconnoitring data, the ramp structure feature is extracted, analyze and research rainfall infiltration mistake theoretical based on saturated-unsaturated seepage flow
Journey and Failure of Slopes mechanism establish the early warning criterion of typical slope.But this method is often only suitable for the specific side slope of small scale,
Practice test is need for the rain-induced landslide early warning effect of larger space and time range.
The research of rain-induced landslide method for early warning promotes transmission tower risk warning model under landslide disaster and studies.Its
In, there is researcher to be based on meteorologic model and geological disaster cause calamity model and establishes heavy rainfall in conjunction with the rainfall forecast of meteorological observatory
Disaster induces the probability assessment model of transmission tower failure；Have researcher by quantization analytically matter environment and rainfall two it is big because
Element determines Landslide hazard grade using classification overlay technique, combats a natural disaster performance and self-characteristic according to power transmission tower, construct strong drop
Transmission tower risk warning model under rain induced landslide disaster.The above research does not consider the opposite position of transmission tower and slip mass
It sets, while existing research is often from the Hazard rank on the topography and geomorphology of side slope, geological conditions quantization landslide, it is not yet in effect to melt
Fastening deformation monitoring data, while also having ignored in the original state and landslide disaster development process of slip mass and transmission tower
State update, therefore Early-warning Model accuracy and actual effect it is to be improved.
With the raising of deformation monitoring required precision, GPS is gradually pushed away with distinguishing features such as round-the-clock, automation, high benefits
Extensively apply transmission tower, high-rise, mountain landslide supervision, in terms of.However, the letter of GPS publication
Number will receive irregular of short duration interference, cause GPS often occur carrier phase difference technology (Real-time kinematic,
RTK) loss of lock greatly reduces measurement accuracy.In recent years, with China's Beidou satellite navigation system construction it is continuous complete
Kind and Beidou ground strengthening system construction is gradually to meet state using autonomous controllable Beidou high-precision service substitution GPS
The main trend of family.
Three two-frequency signals of the frequency signal compared to GPS of Beidou satellite system, can preferably eliminate high-order ionosphere and prolong
It influences late, enhances data prediction ability, improve positioning accuracy and reliability.Therefore, Beidou placement technology is power transmission rod
The positioning and monitoring of tower provide new technological means.Beidou satellite system can be fixed using RTK algorithm and static post-processing technology
The geographical location information of position transmission tower, it is real using the posture information of high-precision two-dimension tilt angle sensor detection transmission tower
The round-the-clock uninterrupted on-line monitoring that millimeter class precision is now carried out to pole and tower foundation, obtains transmission tower posture information in real time.
To sum up, the transmission tower Risk-warning under heavy rainfall induced landslide disaster had both been related to heavy rainfall and has induced cunning
Hangwind danger, the position monitoring of shaft tower and early warning in the case of further relating to landslide.It is heavy rainfall amount data in numerical weather forecast, sudden and violent
Rain hazard weather and geo-hazard early-warning information can predict risk of landslip, and Beidou satellite navigation system can be monitored and be updated
The status information of transmission tower reflects the development process on landslide.The multi-source letter positioned by numerical weather forecast and big-dipper satellite
Breath fusion can induce transmission tower fault pre-alarming for rain-induced landslide and provide new technological means, improve the accuracy of early warning
And actual effect.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention actual needs solve the problems, such as be: how to be lured for rain-induced landslide
Hair transmission tower fault pre-alarming provides new technological means, improves the accuracy and actual effect of early warning.
Present invention employs the following technical solutions:
The monitoring of transmission tower and method for early warning, include the following steps: under a kind of rainfall induced landslide disaster
S1, history rainfall data and rainfall forecast information are obtained, based on the probability density function of rainfall induced landslide, determined
Rainfall impact factor FRGrade；
S2, the relative positional relationship for obtaining slip mass and transmission tower determine defeated if transmission tower is located on the upside of slip mass
Electric pole tower original state impact factor FG；If transmission tower is located on the downside of slip mass, determine that transmission tower damages otherness shadow
Ring factor FT；
If S3, transmission tower are located on slip mass, transmission tower risk index F=F is calculatedR×FG；If transmission tower position
On the downside of slip mass, transmission tower risk index F=F is calculatedR×FT；
S4, transmission tower landslide disaster warning grade, transmission tower landslide calamity are determined based on transmission tower risk index F
Evil warning grade and transmission tower risk index F are positively correlated, pre- based on transmission tower landslide disaster warning grade publication disaster
Alert information.
Preferably, step S1 includes:
S101, effective precipitation early period R is calculatede, and it is fitted the probability density function f (R of rainfall induced landslidee)；
In formula, GLFor transmission tower Landslide hazard class index；GLmaxMost for transmission tower Landslide hazard class index
Big value；K is effective rainfall coefficient；ReFor effective precipitation early period, unit m；R0For daily rainfall, unit mm； RiFor
Rainfall before i-th day, unit mm；WiIt is the weight of rainfall before i-th day；
S102, history rainfall data and rainfall forecast information are obtained, probability density function based on rainfall induced landslide and
History rainfall data and rainfall forecast information determine effective precipitation early period and rainfall impact factor FRCorresponding relationship, and really
Determine effective precipitation R early periodeThe grade of corresponding rainfall impact factor.
Preferably, step S2 includes:
S201, the relative positional relationship for obtaining slip mass and transmission tower；
If S202, transmission tower are located on the upside of slip mass, coordinate monitoring is carried out to transmission tower and calculates transmission tower
Gradient determines transmission tower original state impact factor F based on the gradient of transmission towerG, FGValue and transmission tower incline
The value of gradient is positively correlated；
If S203, transmission tower are located on the downside of slip mass, the Probability p that transmission tower is impacted by landslide and damaged, base are calculated
Determine that transmission tower damages otherness impact factor F in the Probability p that transmission tower is impacted by landslide and is damagedT, FTValue and transmission of electricity
Value positive correlation of the shaft tower by the Probability p that landslide is impacted and is damaged.
Preferably, in step S202:
When transmission tower pedestal is constant, the horizontal offset of transmission tower is Δ Sxoy；
The offset of vertical amount of transmission tower is Δ Sz；
ΔSz=zat+za0
The tilting value of transmission tower is Δ S；
The gradient of transmission tower is α；
In formula, H is monitoring point a to the height of transmission tower bottom, and monitoring point a is at the top of transmission tower；Monitoring point a when
Carve t0Position coordinate data be (xa0,ya0,za0), in moment t0Position coordinate data when+Δ t is (xat,yat,zat)；
When transmission tower pedestal changes, the horizontal offset of shaft tower is Δ Sxoy；
The offset of vertical amount of transmission tower is Δ Sz；
ΔSz=| (zat-za0)-(zct-zc0)|
The tilting value of transmission tower is Δ S；
The gradient of transmission tower is α；
In formula, monitoring point c is in transmission tower column foot central point, and monitoring point c is in moment t0Position coordinate data (xc0,
yc0,zc0), in moment t0Position coordinate data when+Δ t is (xct,yct,zct)。
Preferably, in step S203:
The deformation energy W of cantilever beambExpression formula is
According to law of conservation of energy, the kinetic energy formula of slip mass can be obtained:
In formula, F is impact force, unit N；V is the impact velocity that slip mass reaches transmission tower, unit m/s；L0For
Load position of action point；M is the quality of landslide impact body, unit kg；EIFor the bending stiffness of transmission tower, unit N2·
m3；
According to simplified landslide kinetic model, can also obtain:
In formula, h is slip mass height, unit m；μ is the coefficient of friction of slope surface and horizontal plane；θ is slope angle, and unit is °；
J is slope foot distance, unit m；
Slip mass is to the equivalent impact force F of transmission tower
Transmission tower bending stiffness is
In formula, E is the elasticity modulus of transmission tower main material, unit GPa；S is the horizontal sectional area of transmission tower, unit
For m2；LaFor the width of load point transmission tower, unit m；
The quality of landslide impact body are as follows:
M=ρ aL0 2
In formula, ρ is the native density that comes down, unit kg/m3；
Bending stiffness is EITransmission tower top deflection degree ω are as follows:
Substitute into F, m and EI, then transmission tower top deflection degree may be expressed as:
There is the deflection degree of n computations more than the maximum deflection degree ω of transmission tower in n times simulationmaxWhen, transmission tower is slided
Slope is impacted and damages Probability p are as follows:
In conclusion the invention discloses a kind of monitoring of transmission tower under rainfall induced landslide disaster and method for early warning,
Transmission tower early warning issue handling under rainfall induced landslide disaster is led to transmission tower event at rainfall induced landslide and landslide
Hinder two sub-problems；Firstly, according to the probability density function f (R of rainfall induced landslidee), the history drop issued in conjunction with meteorological observatory
Rain information and the following rainfall forecast for 24 hours, determine rainfall impact factor FRGrade；Secondly, according to slip mass and transmission tower
Relative positional relationship, influence of the landslide to transmission tower is divided into: 1. when transmission tower is located on slip mass, once come down
Unstability, the impacted probability of transmission tower is 1, therefore passes through the gradient of big-dipper satellite location Calculation transmission tower, and according to
Transmission tower specified in DL/T 741-2010 " overhead transmission line operating standard " deforms limit value, determines that original state influences
Factor FG, 2. when transmission tower is not on slip mass, but it is located within the coverage of landslide, landslide kinetic energy is gradually converted into transmission of electricity
The deformation energy of shaft tower causes transmission tower expendable plastic deformation occur, eventually leads to the whole of transmission line of electricity and destroys, because
Percussion of the slip mass to transmission tower is reduced to cantilever beam by the effect of horizontal thrust by this, passes through Monte-Carlo step meter
The flexure angle value ω for calculating transmission tower is more than maximum allowable deflection degree ωmaxProbability, as transmission tower by landslide impact and damage
The probability ruined, and determine that transmission tower damages otherness impact factor F by probability hierarchicalT；Finally, based on dual factors classification overlapping
Method calculates transmission tower risk index F, and divides transmission tower Hazard rank, issues warning information.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1) rainfall induced landslide transmission tower early warning issue handling is led into shaft tower failure at rainfall induced landslide and landslide
Two sub-problems had both considered the condition inducement of rainfall, it is contemplated that influence consequence of the slip mass to transmission tower, using it is double because
Element classification overlay technique carries out comprehensive pre-warning, and processing is relatively sharp, and specific aim is stronger；
2) it is located at the relative positional relationship on slip mass and under slip mass with shaft tower according to transmission tower, constructs respectively
Damage probability caused by landslide displacement and slip mass impact, and carry out impact factor quantization, overcome existing method do not consider it is defeated
The defect of the relative position of electric pole tower and slip mass, it is more scientific reasonable；
3) by Multi-source Information Fusions such as big-dipper satellite positioning, numerical weather forecast, tower structure parameters, overcome traditional bit
Set monitoring method can only monitor can not be prejudged using rainfall early warning, early warning, or carry out landslide early warning using rainfall information
And the defect of fusion deformation measurement data not yet in effect, realization position monitoring are merged with warning function.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to keep the purposes, technical schemes and advantages of invention clearer, the present invention is made into one below in conjunction with attached drawing
The detailed description of step, in which:
Fig. 1 is the monitoring of transmission tower and one kind of method for early warning under a kind of rainfall induced landslide disaster disclosed by the invention
The flow chart of specific embodiment；
Fig. 2 is that transmission tower installs big-dipper satellite monitoring point schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is the probability density matched curve of rainfall induced landslide.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawing.
As shown in Figure 1, the invention discloses a kind of monitoring of transmission tower under rainfall induced landslide disaster and method for early warning,
Include the following steps:
S1, history rainfall data and rainfall forecast information are obtained, based on the probability density function of rainfall induced landslide, determined
Rainfall impact factor FRGrade；
S2, the relative positional relationship for obtaining slip mass and transmission tower determine defeated if transmission tower is located on the upside of slip mass
Electric pole tower original state impact factor FG；If transmission tower is located on the downside of slip mass, determine that transmission tower damages otherness shadow
Ring factor FT；
If S3, transmission tower are located on slip mass, transmission tower risk index F=F is calculatedR×FG；If transmission tower position
On the downside of slip mass, transmission tower risk index F=F is calculatedR×FT；
S4, transmission tower landslide disaster warning grade, transmission tower landslide calamity are determined based on transmission tower risk index F
Evil warning grade and transmission tower risk index F are positively correlated, pre- based on transmission tower landslide disaster warning grade publication disaster
Alert information.
In the present invention, transmission tower landslide disaster warning grade can be determined based on table 1.
1 transmission tower landslide disaster warning grade table of table
| Transmission tower risk index F | (0,4) | [4,8) | [8,12) | [12,15] |
| Warning grade | IV grades | III level | II grades | I grades |
| Warning grade | It is blue | It is yellow | Orange | It is red |
In the present invention, rainfall induced landslide transmission tower early warning issue handling is caused at rainfall induced landslide and landslide
Shaft tower failure two sub-problems had both considered the condition inducement of rainfall, it is contemplated that influence consequence of the slip mass to transmission tower,
Comprehensive pre-warning is carried out using dual factors classification overlay technique, processing is relatively sharp, and specific aim is stronger.It is located at landslide according to transmission tower
With the relative positional relationship of shaft tower on body and under slip mass, damage caused by landslide displacement and slip mass impact is constructed respectively
Probability, and impact factor quantization is carried out, the defect that existing method does not consider the relative position of transmission tower and slip mass is overcome,
It is more scientific reasonable.It can be overcome by Multi-source Information Fusions such as big-dipper satellite positioning, numerical weather forecast, tower structure parameters
Traditional location monitoring method, which can only monitor, to be prejudged using rainfall early warning, early warning, or be slided using rainfall information
The defect of slope early warning and fusion deformation measurement data not yet in effect, realizes merging for position monitoring and warning function.
When it is implemented, the history rainfall issued in conjunction with meteorological observatory is believed according to the probability density function of rainfall induced landslide
Breath and the following rainfall forecast for 24 hours, determine rainfall impact factor FR, step S1 includes:
S101, effective precipitation early period R is calculatede, and it is fitted the probability density function f (R of rainfall induced landslidee)；
In formula, GLFor transmission tower Landslide hazard class index；GLmaxMost for transmission tower Landslide hazard class index
Big value；K is effective rainfall coefficient；ReFor effective precipitation early period, unit m；R0For daily rainfall, unit mm； RiFor
Rainfall before i-th day, unit mm；WiIt is the weight of rainfall before i-th day；
S102, history rainfall data and rainfall forecast information are obtained, probability density function based on rainfall induced landslide and
History rainfall data and rainfall forecast information determine effective precipitation early period and rainfall impact factor FRCorresponding relationship, and really
Determine effective precipitation R early periodeThe grade of corresponding rainfall impact factor.
In the present invention, shaft tower microrelief unit, hydrologic condition, structure development situation, column foot Rock And Soil, vegetation item can be chosen
5 kinds of influence factors of part are recorded according to nearest line walking, are carried out quantitative analysis to this 5 kinds of influence factors by expert analysis mode, are used
Analytic hierarchy process (AHP) calculates transmission tower Landslide hazard class index G in survey regionL；According to the precipitation of induced landslide in history
The Landslide hazard class index of data and region, the weight W of rainfall before being determined i-th day by above formulai, and then calculate and slide
Effective precipitation R early period on slopee。
Further, corresponding effective precipitation early period is recorded according to landslide disaster, draws landslide effective precipitation early period
Frequency histogram, and the general of rainfall induced landslide is fitted using normal distribution, Logistic distribution and generalized extreme value distribution
Rate density function f (Re), choose wherein probability density of the optimal probability density function of fitting effect as rainfall induced landslide
Function.
In combination with the history rainfall data and the following rainfall forecast for 24 hours of meteorological observatory's publication, based on p- quartile in probability theory
Several concepts is based on following formula, corresponding effective precipitation early period when by accumulative landslide probability up to 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%
Rp'As rainfall impact factor FRThe quantile of grade classification obtains effective precipitation early period and rainfall impact factor FRCorrespondence
Relationship, as shown in table 2.
The mapping table of table 2 early period effective precipitation and rainfall impact factor
| Early period effective precipitation Re | [0,R0.2) | [R0.2,R0.4) | [R0.4,R0.6) | [R0.6,R0.8) | [R0.8,∞) |
| Rainfall impact factor FR | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
Rp'Indicate that cumulative probability is the quantile of p', i.e. R0.2Indicate that cumulative probability is 20% effective precipitation, R0.4Table
Show that cumulative probability is 40% effective precipitation, R0.6Indicate that cumulative probability is 60% effective precipitation, R0.8Indicate that accumulation is general
The effective precipitation that rate is 80%.
When it is implemented, step S2 includes:
S201, the relative positional relationship for obtaining slip mass and transmission tower；
If S202, transmission tower are located on the upside of slip mass, coordinate monitoring is carried out to transmission tower and calculates transmission tower
Gradient determines transmission tower original state impact factor F based on the gradient of transmission towerG, FGValue and transmission tower incline
The value of gradient is positively correlated；
Determine transmission tower original state impact factor FGWhen, it can be according to " the overhead transmission line road transport of DL/T 741-2010
Professional etiquette journey " specified in transmission tower tilt limit value, be normal, early warning and dangerous 3 different brackets, tool by its gradient α point
Body is as shown in table 3, and for 3 different grades respectively to FGIt is assigned a value of 1,2 and 3；
3 transmission tower gradient monitoring range of table
If S203, transmission tower are located on the downside of slip mass, the Probability p that transmission tower is impacted by landslide and damaged, base are calculated
Determine that transmission tower damages otherness impact factor F in the Probability p that transmission tower is impacted by landslide and is damagedT, FTValue and transmission of electricity
Value positive correlation of the shaft tower by the Probability p that landslide is impacted and is damaged.
Determine that transmission tower damages otherness impact factor FTWhen, quantization modulation can be carried out to the index according to table 4, with table
The otherness that sign slip mass damages transmission tower.
4 transmission tower of table damage otherness impact factor and transmission tower are impacted and are damaged the corresponding relationship of probability by landslide
Table
| The probability that transmission tower is damaged by landslide impact | [0,0.2) | [0.2,0.6) | [0.6,1] |
| Transmission tower damages otherness impact factor FT | 1 | 2 | 3 |
When it is implemented, the position a and c in transmission tower arrange Beidou monitoring point, as shown in Fig. 2, simultaneously, apart from bar
Monitoring point is chosen on the basement rock consolidated in tower 30km as datum mark, and embedded opposite column foot position is fixed and stable observation
Pier, to ensure that the coordinate of datum mark immobilizes；
The accurate coordinates of monitoring point can be calculated in real time by RTK technology, realize transmission tower in landslide original state early period
Monitoring；Calculating for transmission tower gradient, can be divided into that tower base position is constant and tower base position changes 2 kinds of situations,
Specific step is as follows:
When transmission tower pedestal is constant, the horizontal offset of transmission tower is Δ Sxoy；
The offset of vertical amount of transmission tower is Δ Sz；
ΔSz=zat+za0
The tilting value of transmission tower is Δ S；
The gradient of transmission tower is α；
In formula, H is monitoring point a to the height of transmission tower bottom, and monitoring point a is at the top of transmission tower；Monitoring point a when
Carve t0Position coordinate data be (xa0,ya0,za0), in moment t0Position coordinate data when+Δ t is (xat,yat,zat)；
When transmission tower pedestal changes, the horizontal offset of shaft tower is Δ Sxoy；
The offset of vertical amount of transmission tower is Δ Sz；
ΔSz=| (zat-za0)-(zct-zc0)|
The tilting value of transmission tower is Δ S；
The gradient of transmission tower is α；
In formula, monitoring point c is in transmission tower column foot central point, and monitoring point c is in moment t0Position coordinate data (xc0,
yc0,zc0), in moment t0Position coordinate data when+Δ t is (xct,yct,zct)。
When it is implemented, in step S203:
Landslide is reduced to effect of the cantilever beam by horizontal thrust to the percussion of transmission tower, in given lateral load
Under effect, the deformation energy expression formula of cantilever beam is
According to law of conservation of energy, the kinetic energy formula of slip mass can be obtained:
In formula, F is impact force, unit N；V is the impact velocity that slip mass reaches transmission tower, unit m/s；L0For
Load position of action point；M is the quality of landslide impact body, unit kg；EIFor the bending stiffness of transmission tower, unit N2·
m3；
According to simplified landslide kinetic model, the kinetic energy of slip mass is equal to slip mass gravitional force and subtracts slope surface and water
The function that planar friction power is done can also obtain:
In formula, h is slip mass height, unit m；μ is the coefficient of friction of slope surface and horizontal plane；θ is slope angle, and unit is °；
J is slope foot distance, unit m；
Slip mass is to the equivalent impact force F of transmission tower
It is rigid that transmission tower bending resistance is calculated by DL/T 741-2010 " overhead power transmission line pole tower structure-design technique regulation "
Degree is
In formula, E is the elasticity modulus of transmission tower main material, unit GPa；S is the horizontal sectional area of transmission tower, unit
For m2；LaFor the width of load point transmission tower, unit m；
The quality of landslide impact body are as follows:
M=ρ aL0 2
In formula, ρ is the native density that comes down, unit kg/m3；
Using the deflection degree of transmission tower as evaluation index, seeking bending stiffness based on cantilever beam short cut technique is EIIt is defeated
Electric pole tower top end deflection degree ω are as follows:
Substitute into F, m and EI, then transmission tower top deflection degree may be expressed as:
From the above equation, we can see that the elastic modulus E of the damage degree of transmission tower and transmission tower main material, transmission tower height H,
The horizontal sectional area S of transmission tower, the width L of transmission towera, slip mass height h, come down native density p, slope foot distance J, landslide
Path friction coefficient μ and accumulation body thickness L0It is related；Wherein, landslide path friction coefficient μ and accumulation body thickness L0Randomness pair
The calculating of deflection degree has larger impact at the top of transmission tower；According to landslide path friction coefficient μ and accumulation body thickness L0Parameter
Distribution situation calculates the flexure angle value ω of transmission tower using Monte-carlo Simulation Method；There are n computations in n times simulation
Deflection degree is more than the maximum deflection degree ω of transmission towermaxWhen, transmission tower is impacted by landslide and damages Probability p are as follows:
It is tested using transmission tower of the method disclosed by the invention to somewhere.The transmission tower main material of this area is main
Including Q345, Q235, structural parameters are as shown in table 1.
1 transmission tower structural parameters of table
Wherein, power grid data is shown, 1#~4# shaft tower is placed on slip mass, and 5#~8# shaft tower is placed under slip mass.
The weight of the rainfall in above formula area is specifically as shown in table 2.
Day by day the weight of rainfall before certain the survey region slope of table 2
| It is i days first | Weight | It is i days first | Weight |
| 1 | 0.840 | 6 | 0.351 |
| 2 | 0.706 | 7 | 0.295 |
| 3 | 0.593 | 8 | 0.248 |
| 4 | 0.498 | 9 | 0.208 |
| 5 | 0.418 | 10 | 0.175 |
Corresponding effective precipitation early period is recorded according to landslide disaster, the frequency for drawing landslide effective precipitation early period is straight
Fang Tu, and the probability density letter of rainfall induced landslide is fitted using normal distribution, Logistic distribution and generalized extreme value distribution
Number f (Re), choose wherein probability density function of the optimal probability density function of fitting effect as rainfall induced landslide.
Wherein, the probability density function of normal distribution is
In formula, ReFor effective precipitation early period, unit m；σ is standard deviation, and υ is expectation.
The probability density function of generalized extreme value distribution is
In formula, ν is location parameter, and δ and ζ are form parameters.
Logistic distribution probability density function be
In formula, A is location parameter, and β is scale parameter.
The fitting of distribution result of the probability density function of rainfall induced landslide is listed in table 3 in above-mentioned area, and matched curve is shown in
In Fig. 3.Wherein lnL indicates log-likelihood estimated value, and Mean indicates the mean value of fitting function, and Var indicates the side of fitting function
Difference, they are Fitting optimization indexes.As seen from the table: Logistic Fitting optimization index compared to generalized extreme value distribution, just
The value of state distribution is good.It is therefore preferable that Logistic is distributed to describe the probability density function of rainfall induced landslide.
3 three kinds of probability density distribution fitting results of table
The history rainfall data and the following rainfall forecast for 24 hours issued in conjunction with meteorological observatory, based on p- quantile in probability theory
Concept, corresponding effective precipitation R early period when by accumulative landslide probability up to 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%pAs rainfall
Impact factor FRThe quantile of grade classification obtains effective precipitation early period and rainfall impact factor FRCorresponding relationship, such as table 4
It is shown.
The mapping table of table 4 early period effective precipitation and rainfall impact factor
| Early period effective precipitation Re | [0,R0.2) | [R0.2,R0.4) | [R0.4,R0.6) | [R0.6,R0.8) | [R0.8,∞) |
| Rainfall impact factor FR | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
By taking the landslide in this area on July 25, as an example, according to the rainfall data that meteorological observatory issues, 10 days before this area
Rainfall is respectively 6.1,10.8,16.1,2.2,2.5,6.2,11.3,0,0,0mm, the following rainfall for 24 hours of meteorological observatory's publication
For 30.5mm, then effective precipitation early period is 60.44mm, therefore rainfall impact factor FR=4.
Beidou monitoring point is arranged in the position a and c of transmission tower, as shown in Fig. 2, simultaneously, steady in shaft tower 30km
Solid basement rock on choose monitoring point as datum mark, and it is embedded fixed with respect to column foot position and stable observation pier, to ensure base
Coordinate on schedule immobilizes.
Limit value is tilted according to transmission tower specified in DL/T 741-2010 " overhead transmission line operating standard ", by it
Gradient is divided into normal, early warning and dangerous 3 different brackets, specific as shown in table 5, and for 3 different grade difference
To FGIt is assigned a value of 1,2 and 3.
5 transmission tower gradient monitoring range of table
1#~4# transmission tower in this area, the deformation measurement data based on the transmission tower that big-dipper satellite provides, meter
The initial slopes for calculating landslide transmission tower early period, determine transmission tower original state impact factor FG, it is shown in Table 6.
Shaft tower transmission tower original state impact factor calculated result on 6 slip mass of table
It is impacted based on transmission tower by landslide and damages probability, quantization modulation is carried out to the index according to table 7, to characterize cunning
The otherness that slopes damage transmission tower.
7 transmission tower of table damage otherness impact factor and transmission tower are impacted and are damaged the corresponding relationship of probability by landslide
Table
| The probability that transmission tower is damaged by landslide impact | [0,0.2) | [0.2,0.6) | [0.6,1] |
| Transmission tower damages otherness impact factor FT | 1 | 2 | 3 |
For example, realizing the accurate positionin of 5#~8# transmission tower using Beidou satellite system, and combine high-definition remote sensing
Image technology observes the parameters such as the earth's surface information, including topography and landform character, rock and soil properties around transmission tower, and utilizes Beidou
Short message accurately reports and submits the parameters such as the poor relative elevation of slip mass and transmission tower, slope foot distance, slope angle, by above-mentioned earth's surface information
It is arranged, as shown in table 8.
Earth's surface information around 8 transmission tower of table
According to prospecting it is found that the landslide path friction coefficient μ on the hills based on clay, rubble obeys mean value 0.5, variation lines
Body thickness x is accumulated in the normal distribution that number is 0.10Obey mean value be 3.5m, the normal distribution that the coefficient of variation is 0.1；With block rubble
The landslide path friction coefficient μ in the mountainous region based on accumulation body obeys mean value 0.4, the coefficient of variation as 0.1 normal distribution, accumulation body
Thickness x0Obey mean value be 4m, the normal distribution that the coefficient of variation is 0.2.
The data that Beidou satellite system combination high-resolution remote sensing image technology obtains are merged, by 10000 Monte
Carlo simulation can be obtained number and probability that transmission tower is damaged because rain-induced landslide influences, and then determine transmission tower
Damage otherness impact factor FT, the results are shown in Table 9.
Transmission tower fault pre-alarming rating calculation result under 9 slip mass of table
| Shaft tower serial number | The damage number of sampled analog | Damage probability | FT |
| 5# | 348 | 3.48% | 1 |
| 6# | 727 | 7.27% | 1 |
| 7# | 6164 | 61.64% | 3 |
| 8# | 4153 | 41.53% | 2 |
It is classified overlay technique based on dual factors, calculates transmission tower risk index F, and divide transmission tower danger by table 10
Property grade.
10 transmission tower landslide disaster warning grade table of table
| Transmission tower risk index F | (0,4) | [4,8) | [8,12) | [12,15] |
| Warning grade | IV grades | III level | II grades | I grades |
| Warning grade | It is blue | It is yellow | Orange | It is red |
For example, the early warning of above-mentioned 1#~8# transmission tower the results are shown in Table 11.
Transmission tower early warning result under 11 landslide disaster of table
| Shaft tower serial number | Influence type | FR | FGOr FT | F | Warning grade |
| 1# | Shaft tower inclination | 4 | 2 | 8 | II grades orange |
| 2# | Shaft tower inclination | 4 | 2 | 8 | II grades orange |
| 3# | Shaft tower inclination | 4 | 3 | 12 | I grades red |
| 4# | Shaft tower inclination | 4 | 1 | 4 | III level yellow |
| 5# | Shaft tower is impacted by landslide | 4 | 1 | 4 | III level yellow |
| 6# | Shaft tower is impacted by landslide | 4 | 1 | 4 | III level yellow |
| 7# | Shaft tower is impacted by landslide | 4 | 3 | 12 | I grades red |
| 8# | Shaft tower is impacted by landslide | 4 | 2 | 8 | II grades orange |
By in table 11 it is found that it is following the fault pre-alarming grade of 1#~4# transmission tower is 3,3,4,2 respectively for 24 hours, power grid fortune
Dimension personnel should carry out 3# shaft tower to reinforce the emergent managements such as maintenance, also pay close attention to the operating status of 1# and 2# transmission tower, it is ensured that
The normal operation of heavy rainfall process transmission tower.The fault pre-alarming grade of 5#~8# shaft tower is 1,1,3,2 respectively, power grid O&M people
Member should clear up the landslide around 7# shaft tower, prevent transmission tower because of rain-induced landslide failure, cause grid power blackout,
Also the landslide dangerous situation around 8# shaft tower should be paid close attention to, the Regional Landslide state variation tendency is grasped.
Finally, it is stated that the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical scheme of the present invention and are not limiting, although passing through ginseng
According to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, invention has been described, it should be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that can
To make various changes to it in the form and details, without departing from the present invention defined by the appended claims
Spirit and scope.
Claims (5)
1. the monitoring of transmission tower and method for early warning under a kind of rainfall induced landslide disaster, which comprises the steps of:
S1, acquisition history rainfall data and rainfall forecast information determine rainfall based on the probability density function of rainfall induced landslide
Impact factor FRGrade；
S2, the relative positional relationship for obtaining slip mass and transmission tower determine power transmission rod if transmission tower is located on the upside of slip mass
Tower original state impact factor FG；If transmission tower is located on the downside of slip mass, determine transmission tower damage otherness influence because
Sub- FT；
If S3, transmission tower are located on slip mass, transmission tower risk index F=F is calculatedR×FG；It is slided if transmission tower is located at
On the downside of slopes, transmission tower risk index F=F is calculatedR×FT；
S4, determine that transmission tower landslide disaster warning grade, transmission tower landslide disaster are pre- based on transmission tower risk index F
Alert grade and transmission tower risk index F are positively correlated, based on transmission tower landslide disaster warning grade publication disaster alarm letter
Breath.
2. the monitoring of transmission tower and method for early warning under rainfall induced landslide disaster as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that
Step S1 includes:
S101, effective precipitation early period R is calculatede, and it is fitted the probability density function f (R of rainfall induced landslidee)；
In formula, GLFor transmission tower Landslide hazard class index；GLmaxIt is maximum for transmission tower Landslide hazard class index
Value；K is effective rainfall coefficient；ReFor effective precipitation early period, unit m；R0For daily rainfall, unit mm；RiIt is i-th
Rainfall before it, unit mm；WiIt is the weight of rainfall before i-th day；
S102, history rainfall data and rainfall forecast information, probability density function and history based on rainfall induced landslide are obtained
Rainfall data and rainfall forecast information determine effective precipitation early period and rainfall impact factor FRCorresponding relationship, and before determining
Phase effective precipitation ReThe grade of corresponding rainfall impact factor.
3. the monitoring of transmission tower and method for early warning under rainfall induced landslide disaster as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that
Step S2 includes:
S201, the relative positional relationship for obtaining slip mass and transmission tower；
If S202, transmission tower are located on the upside of slip mass, coordinate monitoring is carried out to transmission tower and calculates the inclination of transmission tower
Degree, determines transmission tower original state impact factor F based on the gradient of transmission towerG, FGValue and transmission tower gradient
Value be positively correlated；
If S203, transmission tower are located on the downside of slip mass, the Probability p that transmission tower is impacted by landslide and damaged is calculated, based on defeated
The Probability p that electric pole tower is impacted by landslide and damaged determines that transmission tower damages otherness impact factor FT, FTValue and transmission tower
The value for the Probability p damaged by landslide impact is positively correlated.
4. the monitoring of transmission tower and method for early warning under rainfall induced landslide disaster as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that
In step S202:
When transmission tower pedestal is constant, the horizontal offset of transmission tower is Δ Sxoy；
The offset of vertical amount of transmission tower is Δ Sz；
ΔSz=zat+za0
The tilting value of transmission tower is Δ S；
The gradient of transmission tower is α；
In formula, H is monitoring point a to the height of transmission tower bottom, and monitoring point a is at the top of transmission tower；Monitoring point a is in moment t0
Position coordinate data be (xa0,ya0,za0), in moment t0Position coordinate data when+Δ t is (xat,yat,zat)；
When transmission tower pedestal changes, the horizontal offset of shaft tower is Δ Sxoy；
The offset of vertical amount of transmission tower is Δ Sz；
ΔSz=| (zat-za0)-(zct-zc0)|
The tilting value of transmission tower is Δ S；
The gradient of transmission tower is α；
In formula, monitoring point c is in transmission tower column foot central point, and monitoring point c is in moment t0Position coordinate data (xc0,yc0,zc0),
In moment t0Position coordinate data when+Δ t is (xct,yct,zct)。
5. the monitoring of transmission tower and method for early warning under rainfall induced landslide disaster as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that
In step S203:
The deformation energy W of cantilever beambExpression formula is
According to law of conservation of energy, the kinetic energy formula of slip mass can be obtained:
In formula, F is impact force, unit N；V is the impact velocity that slip mass reaches transmission tower, unit m/s；L0For load
Position of action point；M is the quality of landslide impact body, unit kg；EIFor the bending stiffness of transmission tower, unit N2·m3；
According to simplified landslide kinetic model, can also obtain:
In formula, h is slip mass height, unit m；μ is the coefficient of friction of slope surface and horizontal plane；θ is slope angle, and unit is °；J is
Slope foot distance, unit m；
Slip mass is to the equivalent impact force F of transmission tower
Transmission tower bending stiffness is
In formula, E is the elasticity modulus of transmission tower main material, unit GPa；S is the horizontal sectional area of transmission tower, unit m2；
LaFor the width of load point transmission tower, unit m；
The quality of landslide impact body are as follows:
M=ρ aL0 2
In formula, ρ is the native density that comes down, unit kg/m3；
Bending stiffness is EITransmission tower top deflection degree ω are as follows:
Substitute into F, m and EI, then transmission tower top deflection degree may be expressed as:
There is the deflection degree of n computations more than the maximum deflection degree ω of transmission tower in n times simulationmaxWhen, transmission tower is rushed by landslide
It hits and damages Probability p are as follows:
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