CN110486040B - Assembled lining structure for highway tunnel - Google Patents
Assembled lining structure for highway tunnel Download PDFInfo
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- CN110486040B CN110486040B CN201910608420.0A CN201910608420A CN110486040B CN 110486040 B CN110486040 B CN 110486040B CN 201910608420 A CN201910608420 A CN 201910608420A CN 110486040 B CN110486040 B CN 110486040B
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- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 77
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 94
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 29
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000009417 prefabrication Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004308 accommodation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/08—Lining with building materials with preformed concrete slabs
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/08—Lining with building materials with preformed concrete slabs
- E21D11/083—Methods or devices for joining adjacent concrete segments
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of prefabrication and assembly of tunnels, and provides an assembled lining structure for highway tunnels, which comprises odd assembly units and even assembly units which are alternately and circularly distributed along the extending direction of the tunnels; the odd splicing units and the even splicing units comprise inverted arch groups and arch ring groups which are connected end to end, the inverted arch groups are used for being connected with the bottom of the tunnel body, and the arch ring groups are used for being connected with the side wall and the top of the tunnel body; the inverted arch groups of the odd-numbered assembled units and the inverted arch groups of the even-numbered assembled units are assembled by adopting through seams, and the arch ring groups of the odd-numbered assembled units and the arch ring groups of the even-numbered assembled units are assembled by adopting staggered seams. The lining structure provided by the invention can be strictly suitable for the characteristics of mountain road tunnels excavated by a drilling and blasting method, and is suitable for the construction of mountain road tunnels; the assembly unit can be assembled on a transportation and supporting construction site after intensive and standardized production, so that the on-site construction procedures are reduced, the labor force is saved, the construction efficiency is improved, and the production quality of the assembly unit is effectively ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of prefabrication and assembly of tunnels, in particular to an assembled lining structure for highway tunnels.
Background
The drilling and blasting method has the characteristics of low construction site requirements, flexible organization, easy guarantee of construction period and the like, and is a main construction method of railway, highway and subway tunnels. The drilling and blasting method excavates the rock and soil body through drilling, charging and blasting, and then performs primary support and secondary lining. At present, mountain highway tunnels in China are mostly constructed by a drilling and blasting method, primary support, secondary lining and components thereof of the mountain drilling and blasting method tunnel are generally constructed by in-situ casting, and the problems of labor intensity in blasting drilling, anchor rod setting, steel arch erection, concrete spraying, waterproof board hanging, lining casting, construction ventilation, slag discharging transportation and the like exist.
Along with the continuous development and improvement of the mechanization degree and the shield technical level in China, the shield construction method has become a main method for constructing underground engineering due to the advantages of small disturbance to stratum, small influence on environment, high mechanization construction speed and the like. However, there are many limitations due to the shield construction and use of shield segments: the application field is limited, is mainly concentrated in urban underground railways and tunnels crossing the river and the sea, and is not applicable to large-scale underground space construction of subway stations, underground parking lots or underground shops and the like; secondly, the shield construction cost is high, and the construction efficiency is lower and the waste is serious especially in a short-distance interval tunnel; thirdly, shield construction has higher requirements on the top plate earthing, and applicable stratum and line position conditions are limited.
Compared with the shield method, the construction process of the drilling and blasting method is mature, and the method is applicable to various strata. However, the existing highway tunnel excavated by the drill and burst method cannot be applied to the fabricated lining structure.
The above disadvantages are to be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an assembled lining structure for a highway tunnel, which aims to solve the technical problem that the conventional highway tunnel excavated by a drilling and blasting method cannot be provided with an assembled lining.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the assembled lining structure for the highway tunnel comprises odd assembled units and even assembled units which are alternately and circularly distributed along the extending direction of the tunnel;
the odd-numbered assembling units and the even-numbered assembling units comprise inverted arch groups and arch ring groups which are connected end to end, the inverted arch groups are used for being connected with the bottom of the tunnel body, and the arch ring groups are used for being connected with the side wall and the top of the tunnel body;
the inverted arch groups of the odd-numbered assembled units and the inverted arch groups of the even-numbered assembled units are assembled by adopting through seams, and the arch ring groups of the odd-numbered assembled units and the arch ring groups of the even-numbered assembled units are assembled by adopting staggered seams.
In one embodiment, the inverted arch group comprises a first inverted arch block and two second inverted arch blocks symmetrically arranged on two sides of the first inverted arch block, wherein the first inverted arch block and the second inverted arch block are used for being connected with the bottom of a tunnel body;
the arch ring group comprises a top sealing block, two adjacent blocks and at least one transition block, wherein the top sealing blocks are connected in a smooth transition mode, the two adjacent blocks are respectively arranged on two sides of the top sealing block, and the transition block is arranged between the second upward arch block and the adjacent blocks.
In one embodiment, the number of transition blocks is two;
the two transition blocks are connected with each other and are arranged between the second upward arch block and the adjacent block;
or the two transition blocks are respectively arranged on one side of the two adjacent blocks, which is away from the capping block.
In one embodiment, the arc angle of the capping block is 16 ° to 40 °, the arc angle of the adjacent block is 32 ° to 60 °, and the arc angle of the transition block is 20 ° to 60 °.
In one embodiment, the thicknesses of the capping block, the adjacent block and the transition block are 30 cm-80 cm;
and/or the width of the inverted arch group is 11.7 m-13.3 m.
In one embodiment, the second inverted arch is provided with an arc surface, and the arc surface extends to the side wall of the first inverted arch to be connected with the side wall of the first inverted arch and forms a containing space with the side wall of the first inverted arch;
and/or at least one through hole is arranged in the first upward arch block along the longitudinal direction of the assembling unit.
In one embodiment, a positioning table is arranged on the surface of the first pitching arch block facing away from the arch ring group;
and/or the surfaces of the second upward arches facing away from the arch ring groups are provided with positioning tables.
In one embodiment, matching tenons and mortises are arranged between the first inverted arch blocks in the odd splicing units and the even splicing units along the extending direction of the tunnel;
and/or the odd splicing units and the even splicing units along the extending direction of the tunnel are connected with the first inverted arch blocks through steel bars;
and/or matching tenons and mortises are arranged between the second inverted arch blocks in the odd splicing units and the even splicing units along the extending direction of the tunnel;
and/or the arch ring groups in the odd splicing units and the even splicing units along the extending direction of the tunnel are connected through steel bars.
In one embodiment, a correspondingly matched tenon and mortise is arranged between the first elevation arch block and the second elevation arch block;
and/or, the second upward arch block and the transition block connected with the second downward arch block are provided with tenons and mortises which are correspondingly matched, and the second upward arch block and the adjacent block connected with the second downward arch block are provided with tenons and mortises which are correspondingly matched.
In one embodiment, the first inverted arch is connected to the second inverted arch by bolts;
and/or the second inverted arch block is connected with the transition block or the adjacent block through bolts;
and/or the transition block is connected with the adjacent block through a bolt;
and/or the adjacent block is connected with the capping block through a bolt.
The assembled lining structure for the highway tunnel has the beneficial effects that:
firstly, the inverted arch groups of the odd splicing units and the inverted arch groups of the even splicing units are spliced by adopting through seams, so that the contact area between inverted arch rings is larger, the safety of the structure along the tunnel direction is good, and the construction is easier; the arch ring groups of the odd-numbered assembled units and the arch ring groups of the even-numbered assembled units are assembled by staggered joint, so that the integrity of the tunnel is improved, the rigidity is more uniform, the subsequent construction such as seam waterproofing is facilitated, and the mechanical automation level of the tunnel can be improved during construction.
And secondly, the duct pieces of the odd splicing units and the even splicing units are precast blocks, and can be spliced on a construction site through transportation after intensive and standardized production without casting on the construction site, so that the on-site construction procedures are reduced, dust and construction waste are reduced, the labor condition is improved, the labor force is saved, the production quality of the splicing units is effectively ensured, the splicing units for construction are ensured to be completely qualified, the construction quality is effectively ensured, and the engineering quality and the durability are greatly improved.
Secondly, because the assembling unit adopts a prefabricated structure, the automobile load can be born after the inverted arch group is constructed, the construction is facilitated, the whole operation time is shortened, and the construction efficiency is improved.
Moreover, the lining structure provided by the invention can be strictly suitable for the characteristics of mountain road tunnels excavated by a drilling and blasting method from construction, operation and maintenance, surrounding rock load release rules, later rock degradation conditions and the like, so that the lining structure is completely suitable for the construction of mountain road tunnels.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an assembled lining structure for a highway tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a first structure of an assembly unit of an assembled lining structure for a highway tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a second structural schematic diagram of a first assembly unit of an assembled lining structure for a highway tunnel according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of a second structure of an assembly unit of an assembled lining structure for a highway tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a part of the enlarged structure of the portion A in FIG. 4;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of an inverted arch group in an assembled lining structure for a highway tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic view of a third construction of an assembly unit for an assembled lining structure of a highway tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic view of a fourth construction of an assembly unit for an assembled lining structure of a highway tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a fifth structural schematic diagram of an assembly unit of an assembled lining structure for a highway tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a sixth structural schematic diagram of an assembly unit of an assembled lining structure for a highway tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 11 is a schematic view of a connection structure of adjacent first arches in an assembled lining structure for a highway tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein, each reference sign in the figure:
| 10 | lining structure | 11 | Assembly unit |
| 111 | Inverted arch group | 1111 | First inverted arch block |
| 11111 | Groove | 11112 | Through hole |
| 11113 | Support column | 11114 | First tongue-and-groove |
| 1112 | Second inverted arch block | 11121 | First tenons |
| 11122 | Second tenons | 1113 | Accommodating space |
| 1114 | Positioning table | 1115 | Oblique bolt |
| 112 | Arch ring group | 1121 | Sealing block |
| 1122 | First adjacent block | 1123 | Second neighbor ofJoint block |
| 1124 | First transition block | 1125 | Second transition block |
| 1126 | Grouting hole | 113 | Bent bolt |
| 114 | Steel bar |
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical schemes and beneficial effects to be solved more clear, the invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "mounted" or "disposed" on another element, it can be directly or indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly or indirectly connected to the other element. The directions or positions indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. are directions or positions based on the drawings, and are merely for convenience of description and are not to be construed as limiting the present technical solution. The terms "first," "second," and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features. The meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more, unless specifically defined otherwise.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the present embodiment provides ase:Sub>A fabricated lining structure 10 (hereinafter referred to as lining structure) for ase:Sub>A highway tunnel, which includes odd-numbered building units 101 and even-numbered building units 102 alternately and circularly arranged along the extending direction of the tunnel (i.e., circularly arranged in the form of ase:Sub>A-B-ase:Sub>A along the extending direction of the tunnel). The odd number assembling units 101 and the even number assembling units 102 each comprise an inverted arch group 111 and an arch ring group 112 which are connected end to end, wherein the inverted arch groups 111 are used for being connected with the bottom of the tunnel body, and the arch ring groups 112 are used for being connected with the side wall and the top of the tunnel body. The inverted arch groups 111 of the odd-numbered assembled units 101 and the inverted arch groups 111 of the even-numbered assembled units 102 are assembled by adopting through seams, and the arch ring groups 112 of the odd-numbered assembled units 101 and the arch ring groups 112 of the even-numbered assembled units 102 are assembled by adopting staggered seams.
In this embodiment, the odd-numbered assembled units 101 and the even-numbered assembled units 102 are assembled units, and the inverted arch groups 111 and the arch ring groups 112 of the assembled units are reinforced concrete structures with certain joint rigidity, so that the loads in the construction and operation stages can be borne. The inverted arch group 111 and the arch ring group 112 are connected end to form a closed structure, and the cross section of the closed structure can be horseshoe-shaped. The inverted arch group 111 and the arch ring group 112 each comprise a plurality of precast blocks, namely the assembling units are assembled by being transported to a construction site after intensive and standardized production, and the in-situ casting is not needed at the construction site. When assembling, the inverted arch group 111 can be arranged at the bottom of the tunnel body first, so that the inverted arch group 111 is fixedly connected with the bottom of the tunnel body. And then sequentially fixing the arch ring groups 112 of the odd splicing units 101 and the even splicing units 102 along the side wall and the top of the tunnel body, thereby completing splicing in the tunnel body. According to the construction of the tunnel, the above-described process is repeated continuously in the tunnel direction, so that the odd splicing units 101 and the even splicing units 102 can be alternately and circularly laid in the tunnel extending direction.
When installing the arch ring group 112, because the tunnel has good integrity and even rigidity when assembled by adopting staggered joints, the tunnel is easier to waterproof when the subsequent joints are made, and meanwhile, the mechanical automation level of the tunnel can be improved when the tunnel is constructed, so that the arch ring groups 112 of the odd-numbered assembling units 101 and the even-numbered assembling units 102 in the embodiment adopt a staggered joint assembling mode. When the inverted arch group 111 is installed, the inverted arch group 111 is assembled by the through seam in this embodiment because the contact area between the inverted arch rings is large, the safety of the structure along the tunnel direction is good, and the construction is easier by the through seam assembling mode. It should be understood that other construction processes may be involved in performing the construction of the assembled unit, and are not listed here.
Referring to fig. 2, further, the inverted arch set 111 includes a first inverted arch 1111 and two second inverted arch 1112 (also referred to as side wall blocks) symmetrically disposed on two sides of the first inverted arch 1111, where the first inverted arch 1111 and the second inverted arch 1112 are used to connect with the bottom of the tunnel body. The arch ring group 112 includes a smooth transition connection capping block 1121, two adjacent blocks respectively disposed at two sides of the capping block 1121, and at least one transition block disposed between the second inverted arch block 1112 and the adjacent blocks, where the capping block 1121 may be a wedge segment. The arch ring group 112 is used to connect with the side walls and roof of the tunnel body.
In this embodiment, the first inverted arch 1111, the second inverted arch 1112, the capping block 1121, the adjacent block and the transition block are all prefabricated blocks, and are assembled by being transported to the construction site after intensive and standardized production, without casting in situ on the construction site. When assembling, the first inverted arch 1111 and the two second inverted arch 1112 may be connected to form the inverted arch group 111, and the inverted arch group 111 may be disposed at the bottom of the tunnel body, so that the inverted arch group 111 is fixedly connected with the bottom of the tunnel body. And then fixing the transition block and the adjacent block along the side wall and the top of the tunnel body in sequence, and capping through the capping block 1121, so that one splicing unit is spliced in the tunnel body. It should be understood that when assembling, not only are each prefabricated block connected with the tunnel, but also the prefabricated blocks between adjacent assembling units are connected before the prefabricated blocks so as to ensure the stability of the whole structure, thereby being capable of bearing the load of the construction and operation stages.
In one embodiment, the lining structure 10 may be adapted for use in the construction of mountain highway tunnels. At present, when the mountain highway tunnel is constructed, the drilling and blasting method is mainly adopted for construction, so that the method of casting in situ is adopted when a lining structure is manufactured, the problems of labor intensity, poor construction environment, serious crossing of construction procedures and lagging productivity exist, the construction quality is difficult to ensure, and the problems of premature cracking, early degradation, serious leakage water and difficult component detachment and replacement of support and lining are easy to occur. In addition, although shield construction has gradually become the main method for constructing underground projects such as urban underground railways, river-crossing and sea-crossing tunnels and the like. However, the existing shield segment structure system is not suitable for the construction of mountain highway tunnels.
The embodiment provides a brand new lining structure 10, which can be effectively applied to the construction of mountain highway tunnels.
Firstly, inverted arch groups 111 of odd-numbered splicing units 101 and inverted arch groups 111 of even-numbered splicing units 102 in the embodiment are spliced by adopting through seams, so that the contact area between inverted arch rings is large, the safety of the structure along the tunnel direction is good, and the construction is easier; the arch ring groups 112 of the odd-numbered splicing units 101 and the arch ring groups 112 of the even-numbered splicing units 102 are spliced by staggered joints, so that the integrity of the tunnel is improved, the rigidity is more uniform, the subsequent construction such as seam waterproofing is facilitated, and the mechanical automation level of the tunnel can be improved during construction.
Secondly, in the embodiment, the first inverted arch 1111, the second inverted arch 1112, the capping block 1121, the adjacent blocks and the transition blocks of the assembly unit are precast blocks, namely, the assembly unit can be assembled on the construction site through intensive and standardized production like a shield segment, and the on-site casting is not needed, so that the on-site construction process is reduced, the production of dust and construction waste is reduced, the labor condition is improved, the labor force is saved, the production quality of the assembly unit is effectively ensured, the assembly unit for construction is ensured to be completely qualified, the construction quality is effectively ensured, and the engineering quality and the durability are greatly improved.
Secondly, because the assembly unit adopts a prefabricated structure, the inverted arch group 111 can bear the load of the automobile after finishing construction, thereby being beneficial to the construction, shortening the whole operation time and improving the construction efficiency.
Moreover, the lining structure 10 provided in this embodiment is designed from construction to operation and maintenance, and from the release rule of surrounding rock load to the degradation condition of later rock, and the like, and can be strictly adapted to the characteristics of mountain highway tunnels excavated by the drilling and blasting method, so that the lining structure is completely suitable for the construction of mountain highway tunnels.
Of course, in other embodiments, the lining structure 10 provided in this embodiment may be applied to other types of tunnel construction by the drill-burst method, and is not limited to the above case.
Further, the number of transition blocks may be set as desired, for example, 1, 2 or even more. Referring to fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the number of transition blocks is 2, and the assembly unit is in the form of "5+3", wherein 5 refers to the number of the assembly blocks in the arch group 112, and 3 refers to the number of the pitch blocks in the inverted arch group 111. For convenience of description, the two adjacent blocks are respectively denoted as a first adjacent block 1122 and a second adjacent block 1123, the two transition blocks are respectively denoted as a first transition block 1124 and a second transition block 1125, and the positions of the first transition block 1124 and the second transition block 1125 may be set as needed. For example, referring to fig. 2, in odd splice unit 101, first transition block 1124 and second transition block 1125 are connected to each other and located between first adjacent block 1122 and second inverted arch block 1112, first transition block 1124 is connected to first adjacent block 1122, and second transition block 1125 is connected to second inverted arch block 1112. In the even-numbered building units 102, the arrangement of the arch ring groups 112 is symmetrical to the arrangement of the arch ring groups 112 in the odd-numbered building units 101. Of course, the first transition block 1124 and the second transition block 1125 may be provided in other manners in the building unit, such as, for example, the first transition block 1124 being located between the first adjacent block 1122 and a second inverted arch block 1112, and the second transition block 1125 being located between the second adjacent block 1123 and another second inverted arch block 1112.
Referring to fig. 3, further, the inner angle sum of the closed structure formed by the end-to-end connection of the inverted arch group 111 and the arch ring group 112 is 360 degrees, wherein the section of the inner and outer surfaces of the capping block 1121 is an arc, and the corresponding arc angle θ1 is 16-40 degrees; the sections of the inner and outer surfaces of the adjacent blocks (including the first adjacent block 1122 and the second adjacent block 1123) are circular arcs, and the corresponding circular arc angles theta 2 and theta 3 are 32-60 degrees; the cross section of the inner and outer surfaces of the transition block (comprising the first transition block 1124 and the second transition block 1125) is an arc, and the corresponding arc angles theta 4 and theta 5 are 20-60 degrees; the angle θ6 corresponding to the inverted arch group 111 ranges from 140 ° to 180 °.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, in a specific embodiment, the arc angle θ1 corresponding to the capping block 1121 is 18 °, the arc angle θ2 corresponding to the first adjacent block 1122 is 36 °, the arc angle θ3 corresponding to the second adjacent block 1123 is 55 °, the arc angle θ4 corresponding to the first transition block 1124 is 54 °, and the arc angle θ5 corresponding to the second transition block 1125 is 27 °, so as to ensure better adhesion with the side wall and the top of the tunnel body during construction in the tunnel body. Of course, in other embodiments, the angles of the capping block 1121, the adjacent block, and the transition block may also be other values, and are not limited to the above. The angle θ6 corresponding to the inverted arch group 111 is 160 °, where the angle θ7 corresponding to the first inverted arch 1111 is 120 °, and the angles θ8 corresponding to the two second inverted arch 1112 are 20 °, so as to ensure that the tunnel can be better attached to the bottom of the tunnel body when the tunnel is constructed in the tunnel body.
Referring to fig. 7 and 8, in another embodiment, the arc angle θ1 corresponding to the capping block 1121 is 18 °, the arc angle θ2 corresponding to the first adjacent block 1122 is 36 °, the arc angle θ3 corresponding to the second adjacent block 1123 is 58 °, the arc angle θ4 corresponding to the first transition block 1124 is 54 °, and the arc angle θ5 corresponding to the second transition block 1125 is 40 °, so that it is ensured that the sealing block can better adhere to the side wall and the top of the tunnel body when performing construction in the tunnel body. Of course, in other embodiments, the angles of the capping block 1121, the adjacent block, and the transition block may also be other values, and are not limited to the above. The angle θ6 corresponding to the inverted arch group 111 is 154 °, the angle θ7 corresponding to the first inverted arch 1111 is 120 °, and the angles θ8 corresponding to the two second inverted arch 1112 are 17 °, so that it is ensured that the tunnel can be better attached to the bottom of the tunnel body when the tunnel is constructed in the tunnel body.
Referring to fig. 9 and 10, in yet another embodiment, the arc angle θ1 corresponding to the capping block 1121 is 40 °, the arc angle θ2 corresponding to the first adjacent block 1122 is 40 °, the arc angle θ3 corresponding to the second adjacent block 1123 is 40 °, the arc angle θ4 corresponding to the first transition block 1124 is 40 °, and the arc angle θ5 corresponding to the second transition block 1125 is 20 °, so as to ensure better adhesion to the side wall and the top of the tunnel body during construction in the tunnel body. At this time, the sum of the inner angles of the capping block 1121, the first abutting block 1122, the second abutting block 1123, the first transition block 1124 and the second transition block 1125 is 180 °, and may correspond to have the same radius of curvature, which forms exactly one semicircle. The capping block 1121, the first adjacent block 1122, the second adjacent block 1123, the first transition block 1124, and the second transition block 1125 may be different according to the difference between the odd numbered assembled units and the even numbered assembled units, as shown (fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure corresponding to the odd numbered assembled units, and fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the structure corresponding to the even numbered assembled units).
The angle θ6 corresponding to the inverted arch group 111 is 180 °, where the angle θ7 corresponding to the first inverted arch 1111 is 120 °, and the angles θ8 corresponding to the two second inverted arch 1112 are both 30 °, so as to ensure that the tunnel can be better attached to the bottom of the tunnel body when the tunnel is constructed in the tunnel body. At this time, the sum of the inner angles of the first inverted arch 1111 and the two second inverted arch 1112 is 180 °, and the corresponding has the same radius of curvature, which forms exactly one semicircle. It should be understood that the radii of the two semicircles may be the same or different, and are not limited herein.
Of course, in other embodiments, the angles of the capping block 1121, the adjacent block, and the transition block may also be other values, and are not limited to the above. The angle of the inverted arch group 111 may also be other values, not limited to the above case.
In one embodiment, the thicknesses of the capping block 1121, the adjacent block and the transition block are 30 cm-80 cm, and the thicknesses may be the same or different according to the needs. For example, the capping block 1121, the adjacent block and the transition block are sequentially connected and have the same thickness, and the formed circular ring has a thickness of 40 cm-60 cm, so that the formed arch ring group 112 can bear the pressure of surrounding rock, the construction requirement is met, and the manufacturing, transportation and installation are convenient.
Referring to fig. 3, in one embodiment, the width L of the inverted arch group 111 is 11.7 m-13.3 m, which may be set according to the width of the bottom of the tunnel body. For example, the width L of the inverted arch group 111 may be 12.1m, where the width L1 of the first inverted arch 1111 is 0.87m and the width L2 of both the second inverted arches 1112 is 0.17m, not only may the first inverted arch 1111 be ensured to have enough space for traveling, but also the two sides of the first inverted arch 1111 may be ensured to have enough space for other layout.
Referring to fig. 6, in one embodiment, in order to facilitate driving after construction is completed, a surface of the first inverted arch 1111 facing the arch group 112 is provided with a groove 11111, the groove 11111 extends longitudinally of the assembled unit (i.e., along the extending direction of the tunnel), and the depth of the groove 11111 may be set as required. At least one through hole 11112 is further formed in the first inverted arch 1111 along the longitudinal direction of the assembly unit, and the through hole 11112 is used as a hollow backfill layer, so that on one hand, the overall weight of the first inverted arch 1111 can be reduced, transportation and construction are facilitated, and meanwhile, the backfill layer concrete consumption is reduced; on the other hand, the through hole 11112 can be used for accommodating other components such as cables, and can be used for drainage and the like, so that the tunnel space is reasonably utilized. In one embodiment, the number of through holes 11112 is two, and the two through holes 11112 are separated by a support column 11113, where the two through holes 11112 can be used separately, for example, one for accommodating a cable, the other for draining water, and the like, and the support column 11113 can also perform a good supporting function. Of course, in other embodiments, the number of through holes 11112 may be other values, without limitation.
Referring to fig. 2, in one embodiment, the surface of the second inverted arch 1112 facing the arch ring set 112 in the inverted arch set 111 is an arc surface, and the arc surface extends to the side wall of the first inverted arch 1111 to connect with the side wall of the first inverted arch 1111 to form a accommodating space 1113, where the two accommodating spaces 1113 are symmetrically disposed on two sides of the first inverted arch 1111, and the accommodating space 1113 may be used to accommodate components such as cables. By providing this accommodation space 1113, it is convenient to lay cables and the like after the construction of the first inverted arch 1111 is completed, and at the same time, the traveling of the first inverted arch 1111 is not affected, which contributes to the improvement of the overall construction efficiency. Of course, in other embodiments, the accommodating space 1113 may take other forms, and is not limited to the above-mentioned case, as long as the accommodating function can be achieved.
Referring to fig. 2 and 6, in one embodiment, a positioning table 1114 is disposed at a middle portion of a surface of the first inverted arch 1111 facing away from the arch ring assembly 112, and a width of the positioning table 1114 may be set as required, and may be cooperatively connected with a bottom of the tunnel body, so as to implement positioning of the first inverted arch 1111. Referring to fig. 7 and 8, to position second inverted arch 1112, a surface of second inverted arch 1112 facing away from ring set 112 is also provided with a positioning table 1114 for positioning and mounting during construction. Optionally, when the second inverted arch block 1112 is connected with the transition block, the positioning table 1114 is disposed on the edge of the second inverted arch block 1112 near the transition block, and at the same time, the positioning table 1114 is disposed at the position of the transition block (the first transition block 1124 or the second transition block 1125) corresponding to the positioning table 1114, and the two positioning tables 1114 are cooperatively connected, so as to perform positioning and installation functions. When the second inverted arch block 1112 is connected with the adjacent block, the positioning table 1114 is arranged near the edge of the adjacent block of the second inverted arch block 1112, and meanwhile, the positioning table 1114 is also arranged at the position of the adjacent block (such as the second adjacent block 1123) corresponding to the positioning table 1114, and the two positioning tables 1114 are connected in a matching way, so that the positioning and mounting effects can be achieved.
Further, the connection manner between the segments in the odd splicing unit 101 and the even splicing unit 102 may be set as required.
Referring to fig. 6, in one embodiment, in order to make the connection between the first inverted arch 1111 and the second inverted arch 1112 firm and better, matching tenons and mortises are provided between the first inverted arch 1111 and the second inverted arch 1112, for example, the side surface of the second inverted arch 1112 facing the first inverted arch 1111 is further provided with a first tenon 11121, the first inverted arch 1111 is correspondingly provided with a first mortises 11114, and the first tenons 11121 are accommodated in the first mortises 11114, so as to achieve the fixed connection of the two. Referring to fig. 7 and 8, to further enhance the connection stability of the two, the inverted arch group 111 further includes bolts, for example, may be diagonal bolts 1115, and the first inverted arch 1111 and the second inverted arch 1112 are bolted together by the diagonal bolts 1115, so that the connection is stable.
Referring to fig. 6, in one embodiment, in order to make the connection between the second inverted arch block 1112 and the transition block firm and better, a matched cambered surface tenon and mortise are provided between the second inverted arch block 1112 and the transition block, so as to improve the segment assembly precision and reduce the stress concentration. For example, the side surface of the second inverted arch 1112 facing the transition block is further provided with a second tongue 11122, and the transition block is correspondingly provided with a second tongue-and-groove, in which the second tongue 11122 is accommodated, so that a fixed connection of the two is achieved. Similarly, second tongue 11122 may also be provided on the side surface of second inverted arch 1112 facing the adjacent block when second inverted arch 1112 and the adjacent block are connected, where the corresponding adjacent block is provided with the second tongue-and-groove.
Referring to fig. 2, in one embodiment, adjacent blocks in the assembled unit are connected by bolts, which may be bent bolts 113 or other types of bolts, without limitation. Specifically, the second inverted arch block 1112 is connected to its adjacent transition block or abutment block by a bent bolt 113, the transition block is connected to its adjacent abutment block by a bent bolt 113, and the abutment block is connected to the capping block 1121 by a bent bolt 113. Of course, in other embodiments, the adjacent blocks in the assembled unit may be connected to each other in other ways, which is not limited to the above case.
Further, the connection manner between the segments between the odd splicing unit 101 and the even splicing unit 102 may be set as required.
In one embodiment, in order to make the inverted arch groups 111 of the odd numbered assembled units 101 and the even numbered assembled units 102 firmly connected and more stressed, the surfaces of the adjacent inverted arch groups 111 along the extending direction of the tunnel are provided with matching tenons and mortises. For example, matching tenons and mortises are provided between the first inverted arch 1111 of the adjacent odd numbered assembled unit 101 and the even numbered assembled unit 102, and matching tenons and mortises are provided between the second inverted arch 1112 of the adjacent odd numbered assembled unit 101 and the even numbered assembled unit 102, and the tenons are accommodated in the corresponding mortises, thereby achieving the fixed connection of the two. Referring to fig. 11, in order to further enhance the connection stability of the two, the first inverted arch 1111 of the adjacent odd assembled unit 101 and the first inverted arch 1111 of the even assembled unit 102 are further connected by a steel bar 114, and the second inverted arch 1112 of the adjacent odd assembled unit 101 and the second inverted arch 1112 of the even assembled unit 102 are further connected by a steel bar 114, and a ring-by-ring tensioning and ring-by-ring locking manner is adopted, so that the inverted arch groups 111 are firmly fixed.
In one embodiment, in order to make the arch ring groups 112 of the odd assembled unit 101 and the even assembled unit 102 firmly connected and better stressed, the arch ring groups 112 of adjacent odd assembled unit 101 and even assembled unit 102 are connected by bolts. Of course, in other embodiments, the arch ring groups 112 of adjacent odd and even assembled units 101 and 102 may be connected by other means, which is not limited herein.
Referring to fig. 5, in one embodiment, each block (top block 1121, adjacent block, and transition block) of the arch ring group 112 is provided with a grouting hole 1126, so that a grouting layer can be formed by grouting between the arch ring group 112 and the side wall and the top of the tunnel body through the grouting hole during construction, and the thickness of the grouting layer can be 5 cm-15 cm, so as to ensure firm connection. Further, at least one water stop perpendicular to the section of the assembly unit is arranged between the capping block 1121 and the adjacent block and between the adjacent block and the transition block, so that the waterproof effect of the assembly unit is effectively improved.
The fabricated lining structure 10 for a highway tunnel provided in this embodiment has the following advantages:
(1) When the mountain highway tunnel is excavated by the drilling and blasting method at present, the problems of poor construction environment, serious crossing of construction procedures and lagging productivity exist, the construction quality is difficult to ensure, and the problems of premature cracking, early degradation, serious water leakage and difficult component replacement of support and lining are easy to occur.
The first inverted arch 1111, the second inverted arch 1112, the capping block 1121, the adjacent blocks and the transition blocks of the assembly unit in this embodiment are prefabricated blocks, and can be assembled on the construction site through intensive and standardized production like shield segments, without casting on the construction site, so that the on-site construction procedures are reduced, dust and construction waste are reduced, the labor condition is improved, the labor force is saved, the production quality of the assembly unit is effectively ensured, the assembly unit for construction is ensured to be completely qualified, the construction quality is effectively ensured, and the engineering quality and durability are greatly improved.
(2) In the current construction mode, from pouring to form stripping, the working procedures are numerous, and the auxiliary operation of a trolley and the like is needed, so that a narrow channel in a tunnel can be occupied for a long time, the construction period is prolonged, and the construction cost is increased.
The lining structure 10 of the embodiment adopts site assembly, does not need to rely on trolley assistance, can quickly pass through in special environments such as high cold, large deformation of soft rock, high geothermal energy and the like, and reduces the operation time; meanwhile, temporary supports such as arches and templates are not needed, so that a large amount of supporting materials and labor force are saved, the construction period is shortened, and the construction cost is reduced.
(3) At present, when building the inverted arch of the tunnel, the inverted arch can only span the inverted arch by means of trestle before reaching a certain strength so as to maintain the construction, and the mechanical transportation in the tunnel is difficult.
Because the unit of assembling adopts prefabricated construction in this embodiment, can bear the car load after inverted arch group 111 accomplishes the construction, help the going on of construction, shorten holistic operating time, improve the efficiency of construction. Meanwhile, the lining structure 10 provided in this embodiment is strong in working timeliness, and can bear surrounding rock pressure once assembled into a ring.
(4) The embodiment adopts the factory-like prefabricated assembly unit, is easy to provide stable and good maintenance conditions, is favorable for obtaining high-strength prefabricated components and reduces the thickness of the components.
(5) The inverted arch group 111 is formed by assembling the first inverted arch 1111 and the two second inverted arch 1112 in the embodiment, on the one hand, the weight of each block is reduced by dividing the inverted arch group 111 into a plurality of blocks, and the transportation and the assembly are convenient; on the other hand, a functional division is also achieved, i.e. a first inverted arch 1111 in the middle can be used for travelling while a second inverted arch 1112 on both sides can be used for other components such as cables.
(6) The lining structure 10 provided in this embodiment is designed from construction to operation and maintenance, and from the release rule of surrounding rock load to the degradation condition of later rock, and the like, and can be strictly adapted to the characteristics of mountain highway tunnels excavated by the drilling and blasting method, so that the lining structure is completely suitable for the construction of mountain highway tunnels.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. The assembled lining structure for the highway tunnel is characterized by comprising odd assembled units and even assembled units which are alternately and circularly arranged along the extending direction of the tunnel;
the odd-numbered assembling units and the even-numbered assembling units comprise inverted arch groups and arch ring groups which are connected end to end, the inverted arch groups are used for being connected with the bottom of the tunnel body, and the arch ring groups are used for being connected with the side wall and the top of the tunnel body;
the inverted arch group comprises a first inverted arch block and two second inverted arch blocks symmetrically arranged on two sides of the first inverted arch block; a positioning table is arranged on the surface of the first upward arch block, which is opposite to the arch ring group; and/or the surfaces of the second upward arches facing away from the arch ring groups are provided with positioning tables;
the arch ring group comprises a top sealing block, two adjacent blocks and at least one transition block, wherein the top sealing blocks are connected in a smooth transition mode, the two adjacent blocks are respectively arranged on two sides of the top sealing block, and the transition block is arranged between the second upward arch block and the adjacent blocks; at least one water stop belt perpendicular to the section of the assembly unit is arranged between the top sealing block and the adjacent block and between the adjacent block and the transition block;
the inverted arch groups of the odd-numbered assembled units and the inverted arch groups of the even-numbered assembled units are assembled by adopting through seams, and the arch ring groups of the odd-numbered assembled units and the arch ring groups of the even-numbered assembled units are assembled by adopting staggered seams.
2. The fabricated lining structure for a highway tunnel according to claim 1, wherein said first and second inverted arches are adapted to be connected to the bottom of the tunnel body.
3. The fabricated lining structure for a highway tunnel according to claim 2, wherein the number of transition blocks is two;
the two transition blocks are connected with each other and are arranged between the second upward arch block and the adjacent block;
or the two transition blocks are respectively arranged on one side of the two adjacent blocks, which is away from the capping block.
4. The fabricated lining structure for a highway tunnel according to claim 2, wherein the arc angle of the capping block is 16 ° to 40 °, the arc angle of the adjacent block is 32 ° to 60 °, and the arc angle of the transition block is 20 ° to 60 °.
5. The fabricated lining structure for a highway tunnel according to claim 2, wherein the thicknesses of the capping block, the adjacent block and the transition block are 30cm to 80cm;
and/or the width of the inverted arch group is 11.7 m-13.3 m.
6. The fabricated lining structure for a highway tunnel according to claim 2, wherein the second inverted arch is provided with an arc surface extending to the side wall of the first inverted arch and forming a receiving space with the side wall of the first inverted arch;
and/or at least one through hole is arranged in the first upward arch block along the longitudinal direction of the assembling unit.
7. The fabricated lining structure for a highway tunnel according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein matching tenons and mortises are provided between the first inverted arch blocks in the odd-numbered assembled units and the even-numbered assembled units along the extending direction of the tunnel;
and/or the odd splicing units and the even splicing units along the extending direction of the tunnel are connected with the first inverted arch blocks through steel bars;
and/or matching tenons and mortises are arranged between the second inverted arch blocks in the odd splicing units and the even splicing units along the extending direction of the tunnel;
and/or the arch ring groups in the odd splicing units and the even splicing units along the extending direction of the tunnel are connected through steel bars.
8. The fabricated lining structure for a highway tunnel according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a tongue and groove corresponding to and matching with each other is provided between the first elevation block and the second elevation block;
and/or, the second upward arch block and the transition block connected with the second downward arch block are provided with tenons and mortises which are correspondingly matched, and the second upward arch block and the adjacent block connected with the second downward arch block are provided with tenons and mortises which are correspondingly matched.
9. The fabricated lining structure for a highway tunnel according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein,
the first inverted arch block is connected with the second inverted arch block through bolts;
and/or the second inverted arch block is connected with the transition block or the adjacent block through bolts;
and/or the transition block is connected with the adjacent block through a bolt;
and/or the adjacent block is connected with the capping block through a bolt.
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| CN201910608420.0A CN110486040B (en) | 2019-07-08 | 2019-07-08 | Assembled lining structure for highway tunnel |
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| CN111456759A (en) * | 2020-01-23 | 2020-07-28 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | Assembled tunnel lining structure |
| CN111305869A (en) * | 2020-01-23 | 2020-06-19 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | Prefabricated lining structure of arch wall and construction method |
| CN111828038B (en) * | 2020-04-10 | 2021-11-30 | 同济大学 | Prefabricated lining for tunnel reinforcement and installation method thereof |
| CN113565530B (en) * | 2021-08-16 | 2024-04-16 | 中铁二院成都勘察设计研究院有限责任公司 | Prefabricated open cut tunnel and construction method thereof |
| CN113738397B (en) * | 2021-10-18 | 2023-10-27 | 重庆交通大学 | Assembled type rectangular shield tunnel segment assembling structure |
| CN114517493A (en) * | 2022-03-25 | 2022-05-20 | 北京交通大学 | Full-prefabricated construction method for open-cut tunnel |
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