CN110478015B - 一种椎体内固定用球囊式锥体空腔形成装置 - Google Patents

一种椎体内固定用球囊式锥体空腔形成装置 Download PDF

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CN110478015B
CN110478015B CN201910693586.7A CN201910693586A CN110478015B CN 110478015 B CN110478015 B CN 110478015B CN 201910693586 A CN201910693586 A CN 201910693586A CN 110478015 B CN110478015 B CN 110478015B
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王志荣
肖龙
缪伟
施建东
杨惠林
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Zhangjiagang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种椎体内固定用球囊式锥体空腔形成装置,包括:椎弓根螺钉,在椎弓根螺钉的轴向中心设置有中心孔,在椎弓根螺钉的前端侧壁上沿周向设置有若干与中心孔相连通的骨水泥扩散孔,在中心孔内设置有一根扩张总管,在每个骨水泥扩散孔内分别设置有与扩张总管相连通的扩张支管,在每根扩张支管的前端分别设置有一个与对应扩张支管相连通的可扩张球囊,当造影剂通过扩张总管及各扩张支管注入各可扩张球囊时,各可扩张球囊会伸出对应骨水泥扩散孔并向椎弓根螺钉外部膨胀,从而在椎弓根螺钉外部的椎体内膨胀出若干围绕椎弓根螺钉分布的椎体空腔。本发明的优点是:能保证骨水泥均匀分布于椎弓根螺钉四周,提高对椎弓根螺钉的固定效果。

Description

一种椎体内固定用球囊式锥体空腔形成装置
技术领域
本发明涉及脊柱重建治疗辅助器械技术领域,具体涉及一种椎体内固定用球囊式锥体空腔形成装置。
背景技术
目前,在治疗胸腰椎的各种不稳定性骨折脱位、椎间盘的退行性变、脊柱滑脱及脊柱后凸的手术过程中,需要对患部的上下一个或多个椎体进行固定。目前一般采用椎弓根螺钉与连接棒相配合的方式固定上下椎体,即:先在患部一个椎体的两侧椎弓根分别钉入一根椎弓根螺钉,并且两根椎弓根螺钉呈锐角“﹀”状分布,同法处理另一个椎体,然后再将两个椎体同侧的两根椎弓根螺钉分别用一根连接棒相连接固定,多个椎体也同样处理;通过将椎体进行内固定,从而达到复位和稳定骨折,早期进行功能锻炼的目的。但是当需要打椎弓根螺钉的椎体患有骨质疏松时,椎弓根螺钉打入椎体后会松动、切出或退出,导致椎体内固定失效,造成手术治疗的失败。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种能提高椎弓根螺钉固定效果的一种椎体内固定用球囊式锥体空腔形成装置。
为实现上述目的,本发明采用了如下技术方案:一种椎体内固定用球囊式锥体空腔形成装置,包括:椎弓根螺钉,在椎弓根螺钉的轴向中心设置有中心孔,在椎弓根螺钉的前端侧壁上沿周向设置有若干与中心孔相连通的骨水泥扩散孔,在中心孔内设置有一根扩张总管,在每个骨水泥扩散孔内分别设置有与扩张总管相连通的扩张支管,在每根扩张支管的前端分别设置有一个与对应扩张支管相连通的可扩张球囊,当造影剂通过扩张总管及各扩张支管注入各可扩张球囊时,各可扩张球囊会伸出对应骨水泥扩散孔并向椎弓根螺钉外部膨胀,从而在椎弓根螺钉外部的椎体内膨胀出若干围绕椎弓根螺钉分布的用于灌注骨水泥的椎体空腔。
进一步地,前述的一种椎体内固定用球囊式锥体空腔形成装置,其中:可扩张总管、各可扩张支管及各可扩张球囊一体成型。
进一步地,前述的一种椎体内固定用球囊式锥体空腔形成装置,其中:骨水泥扩散孔的孔径呈由内至外逐渐减小设置。
进一步地,前述的一种椎体内固定用球囊式锥体空腔形成装置,其中:在每个可扩张球囊的前端部还分别安装有一个磁力导航头。
通过上述技术方案的实施,本发明的有益效果是:能在钉入锥体的椎弓根螺钉外部形成若干围绕椎弓根螺钉分布的椎体空腔,当骨水泥通过椎弓根螺钉的中心孔及骨水泥扩散孔注入各椎体空腔后,骨水泥会均匀分布于椎弓根螺钉外部并对椎弓根螺钉进行有效固定,从而提高了椎弓根螺钉的固定效果,进而提高了手术治疗效果。
附图说明
图1为本发明所述的一种椎体内固定用球囊式锥体空腔形成装置的结构示意图。
图2为图1中所示的椎弓根螺钉的结构示意图。
图3为图1的使用状态示意图。
图4为图3中抽去扩张总管、扩张支管及可扩张球囊后的使用状态示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明作进一步详细说明。
如图1、图2、图3、图4所示,所述的一种用于椎体内固定的骨水泥灌注装置,包括椎弓根螺钉1,在椎弓根螺钉1的轴向中心设置有中心孔3,在椎弓根螺钉1的前端侧壁上沿周向设置有若干与中心孔3相连通的骨水泥扩散孔2,在中心孔3内设置有一根扩张总管4,在每个骨水泥扩散孔2内分别设置有与扩张总管4相连通的扩张支管5,在每根扩张支管5的前端分别设置有一个与对应扩张支管5相连通的可扩张球囊6,当造影剂通过扩张总管4及各扩张支管5注入各可扩张球囊6时,各可扩张球囊6会伸出对应骨水泥扩散孔2并向椎弓根螺钉1外部膨胀,从而在椎弓根螺钉1外部的椎体8内膨胀出若干围绕椎弓根螺钉1分布的用于灌注骨水泥的椎体空腔7;在本实施例中,可扩张总管4、各可扩张支管5及各可扩张球囊6一体成型,这样可以提高使用安全性;
在本实施例中,骨水泥扩散孔2的孔径呈由椎弓根螺钉内向椎弓根螺钉外逐渐减小设置,这样骨水泥在经过骨水泥扩散孔2的过程中,骨水泥会流速会增大,从而使骨水泥更快速地注入各椎体空腔,提高手术效率;
在本实施例中,在椎弓根螺钉1内的每个可扩张球囊6的外端部还分别设置有一个磁力导航头9,当椎体内钉入两根呈锐角的“﹀”状分布的椎弓根螺钉进行锥体内固定时,通过磁力导航头9能确保两根椎弓根螺钉相对侧的可扩张球囊在向外膨胀过程中向相对侧的椎弓根螺钉方向膨胀,从而使两根椎弓根螺钉对应的可扩张球囊膨胀出的骨水泥灌注区域连通在一起,提高了骨水泥对椎弓根螺钉的固定效果,提高了手术治疗效果。
在进行锥体内固定手术时,先将两根椎弓根螺钉1沿各自进钉方向完全钉入椎体8,两根椎弓根螺钉呈锐角的“﹀”状分布;然后将造影剂从两根椎弓根螺钉1对应的扩张总管4及各扩张支管5注入各可扩张球囊6,使各可扩张球囊6伸出对应骨水泥扩散孔2并膨胀突出椎弓根螺钉1,从而在对应椎弓根螺钉1外部的椎体8内膨胀出若干个围绕椎弓根螺钉1分布的椎体空腔7;并且在磁力导航头9的相互吸引力作用下,两根椎弓根螺钉相对侧的可扩张球囊在向外膨胀过程中向相对侧的椎弓根螺钉方向膨胀,使两根椎弓根螺钉外部形成的椎体空腔连通在一起;
接着再将每根椎弓根螺钉1转动一圈,带动已膨胀突出椎弓根螺钉1的可扩张球囊6绕椎弓根螺钉1转动一圈,通过可扩张球囊6在每根椎弓根螺钉1外部的椎体8内扫出若干圈围绕椎弓根螺钉的环形椎体空腔;
然后抽走各可扩张球囊6内的造影剂,再将两根椎弓根螺钉1中的扩张总管4、各扩张支管5及各可扩张球囊6抽出;接着将骨水泥分别从两根椎弓根螺钉的中心孔3注入对应椎弓根螺钉1,待骨水泥从椎弓根螺钉的中心孔3经各骨水泥扩散孔2流入各自对应的环形椎体空腔后,在骨水泥逐渐固化过程中,不断转动椎弓根螺钉1,直至环形椎体空腔内的骨水泥形成与对应的椎弓根螺钉1的外螺纹相配合的内螺纹;待骨水泥完全固化后,实现对椎弓根螺钉的固定;由于骨水泥形成了与椎弓根螺钉的外螺纹相配合的内螺纹,这样在治疗结束后,椎弓根螺钉1通过骨水泥的内螺纹能更方便地退出椎体,减少对患者椎体伤害,进一步提高了手术治疗效果。
本发明的优点是:能在钉入锥体的椎弓根螺钉外部形成若干围绕椎弓根螺钉分布的椎体空腔,当骨水泥通过椎弓根螺钉的中心孔及骨水泥扩散孔注入各椎体空腔后,骨水泥会均匀分布于椎弓根螺钉外部并对椎弓根螺钉进行有效固定,从而提高了椎弓根螺钉的固定效果,进而提高了手术治疗效果。

Claims (4)

1.一种椎体内固定用球囊式锥体空腔形成装置,包括:椎弓根螺钉,其特征在于:在椎弓根螺钉的轴向中心设置有中心孔,在椎弓根螺钉的前端侧壁上沿周向设置有若干与中心孔相连通的骨水泥扩散孔,在中心孔内设置有一根扩张总管,在每个骨水泥扩散孔内分别设置有与扩张总管相连通的扩张支管,在每根扩张支管的前端分别设置有一个与对应扩张支管相连通的可扩张球囊,当造影剂通过扩张总管及各扩张支管注入各可扩张球囊时,各可扩张球囊会伸出对应骨水泥扩散孔并向椎弓根螺钉外部膨胀,从而在椎弓根螺钉外部的椎体内膨胀出若干围绕椎弓根螺钉分布的用于灌注骨水泥的椎体空腔。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种椎体内固定用球囊式锥体空腔形成装置,其特征在于:可扩张总管、各可扩张支管及各可扩张球囊一体成型。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种椎体内固定用球囊式锥体空腔形成装置,其特征在于:骨水泥扩散孔的孔径呈由内至外逐渐减小设置。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种椎体内固定用球囊式锥体空腔形成装置,其特征在于:在每个可扩张球囊的前端部还分别安装有一个磁力导航头。
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