CN110474117B - Lithium titanate battery recycling method - Google Patents
Lithium titanate battery recycling method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110474117B CN110474117B CN201910837550.1A CN201910837550A CN110474117B CN 110474117 B CN110474117 B CN 110474117B CN 201910837550 A CN201910837550 A CN 201910837550A CN 110474117 B CN110474117 B CN 110474117B
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- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011257 shell material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009863 impact test Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009783 overcharge test Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241001244708 Moroccan pepper virus Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007728 cost analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010926 waste battery Substances 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/4207—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/54—Reclaiming serviceable parts of waste accumulators
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/84—Recycling of batteries or fuel cells
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a lithium titanate battery recycling method, which comprises the following steps: collecting the application types, the quantity and the power information of the enterprise battery, and planning the life cycle of the lithium titanate battery; dividing the cycle number of the lithium titanate battery into a plurality of sections, defining the specific application used in each section by a user, and establishing a mapping table between the sections and different applications; manufacturing a battery pack, reaching the cycle times, and testing the battery core or the module; making a battery pack with new power according with the nth-level application index; entering a scrapping step which cannot be achieved; and repeating the steps of disassembling, detecting, manufacturing a new battery pack, recycling, finally scrapping, recovering metal elements and performing innocent treatment. According to the invention, the cycle frequency of the lithium titanate battery is divided into a plurality of sections, and the lithium titanate battery is applied in sections and used in a full life cycle on the premise of ensuring the performance of each section of lithium titanate battery, so that the cost of the lithium titanate battery is effectively reduced, and a foundation is laid for the large-scale application of the lithium titanate battery.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electric automobiles and lithium titanate batteries, and particularly relates to a method for recycling a lithium titanate battery in a segmented mapping mode for an electric automobile or a hybrid electric automobile which adopts the lithium titanate battery as a vehicle-mounted energy storage unit.
Background
With the increasing consumption of non-renewable resources, especially petroleum resources, and the pressure of environmental situation and the support of national policy, new energy automobiles will become the mainstream of automobile development and become the consensus of all the industry in the automobile industry. The new energy automobile has wide development prospect. Lithium batteries as vehicle-mounted energy storage devices are widely used, wherein ternary lithium batteries are valued by various automobile factories due to high energy density and high single cell voltage platform, but have the fatal defect: poor safety, sensitivity to temperature changes, short cycle life, low ignition point under impact and high temperature, which necessarily restrict the application of the automobile. Most of the current batteries can be attenuated in the life cycle of the automobile, the endurance is influenced, and the batteries need to be replaced.
The lithium titanate battery has the characteristics of high safety, high stability, long service life and environmental protection. The cycle times of the lithium titanate battery are up to 30000 times, while the cycle times of the common lithium ion battery are about 1000-2000 times; meanwhile, the lithium titanate battery can realize high-rate charge and discharge, the whole vehicle can realize quick charge within 6 minutes, and the lithium titanate battery also has the excellent characteristics of wide temperature window, good low-temperature performance, no fire, no explosion and the like.
However, the lithium titanate battery has the following problems in use:
1. the price is higher than that of lithium batteries made of other electrode materials;
2. the cycle times are high, the vehicle cannot be fully utilized after being scrapped, and waste exists due to the fact that the vehicle is abandoned or a utilization mode of recycled metal is adopted.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to solve the defect of high operation cost of the lithium titanate battery, give full play to the advantage of high cycle time of lithium titanate, effectively reduce the operation cost of the lithium titanate battery and lay a foundation for large-scale application of the lithium titanate battery.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a lithium titanate battery recycling method, including:
s1 planning the life cycle of lithium titanate battery,
the lithium titanate battery life cycle planning comprises the steps of collecting the application types, the quantity and the power information of the battery of an enterprise, such as power supply, energy storage and the like of a D-class vehicle, a C-class vehicle, a SUV, an MPV, a logistics vehicle, a commercial vehicle, a tour and sightseeing vehicle, an electric bicycle, a child toy vehicle and a launching platform base station; counting related parameters and calculating the annual cost saving rate;
s2 a step of establishing a mapping relation table,
dividing the cycle number of the lithium titanate battery into a plurality of sections, using the sections in different applications, defining the applications by a user, and establishing a mapping table between the sections and different applications, wherein the different applications have different requirements;
s3, manufacturing the battery pack, using the battery pack,
according to the application condition, manufacturing lithium titanate battery packs with different powers;
s4, the loop number, the step of detecting,
after the use is finished, the battery pack is disassembled from the upper-level application, and the battery core or the module is tested; making a battery pack with new power according with the application indexes of the corresponding levels; entering a scrapping step which cannot be achieved;
s5 steps of disassembling, detecting, making new battery pack and using,
repeating the processes of manufacturing the battery pack, disassembling and detecting;
and S6 scrapping, and carrying out metal element recovery and harmless treatment.
Further, S3 is used for manufacturing the battery pack, and the using step comprises a lithium titanate battery pack protecting step, so that the influence of battery faults on the next application is avoided.
Further, the lithium titanate battery pack protection step comprises the steps of increasing the thickness of the outer wall of the battery pack, selecting a metal shell material, adding a soft protection pad, adding a water-cooling circulating device and adding a dehumidifying device.
Further, the step of manufacturing and using the battery pack in S3 includes a battery condition and cycle number monitoring step.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: the lithium titanate has high cycle times and long service life, which is not only an advantage of the performance of the lithium titanate, but also brings the defect that the cycle times of the lithium titanate battery can not be fully utilized. According to the invention, the cycle number of the lithium titanate battery is divided into a plurality of sections, and the lithium titanate battery is applied to different applications in sections on the premise of ensuring the performance of each section of lithium titanate battery, so that the lithium titanate battery is used in a full life cycle, and the cost of the lithium titanate battery is effectively reduced. In the cost analysis, parameters such as battery capacity, purchase unit price, installation, detection and replacement cost and waste treatment cost are included, the most important index is how much cost is saved each year by recycling the lithium titanate battery compared with the original scheme, the index directly reflects the economy of the lithium battery in the technical scheme, and the calculation can be carried out through a formula (1):
wherein:
r: annual cost savings,%;
Pbaac: the annual average cost of the lead-acid battery of the original proposal, ten thousand RMB;
Liaac: the average cost per year of the lithium ion battery adopting the scheme of the invention is ten thousand RMB。
The annual cost is evaluated according to equation (2),
wherein:
AAC: average cost per year, ten thousand RMB/year;
COST: estimating or operating cycle total cost, ten thousand RMB;
topr: operating cycle, year.
The total cost of the original scheme and the scheme of the invention is evaluated according to the formula (3):
Pbcost＝(M1+Q1+G1)+(M2+Q2+G3)+…+(Mn+Qn+Gn)-E(3)
wherein:
Pbcost: the total cost of the lithium battery of the original scheme;
m: purchase cost of each application;
q: installation and maintenance costs of each application;
g: waste recovery cost of each application
n: n applications.
E: and (4) metal recovery yield.
Estimating the total cost of the solution according to the invention:
Licost＝M1+Q1+(T1+Q2)+…+(Tn+Qn)-E
the method mainly comprises the total purchase cost, the later maintenance cost, the initial installation cost and the replacement cost of the battery pack and the residual value of the waste battery pack. Both calendar life and cycle life are considered when calculating the operating period.
Licost: the total cost of the lithium titanate battery is ten thousand RMB;
m: purchase cost of each application;
q: installation and maintenance costs of each application;
t: detecting and manufacturing the cost of the battery pack;
n: n applications.
E: and (4) metal recovery yield.
The scheme provided by the invention can greatly reduce the purchase cost of the lithium titanate battery.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, the cycle frequency of the lithium titanate battery is divided into a plurality of sections, and the lithium titanate battery is applied to different applications in sections on the premise of ensuring the performance of each section of lithium titanate battery, so that the lithium titanate battery is used in a full life cycle, the cost of the lithium titanate battery is effectively reduced, and a foundation is laid for large-scale application of the lithium titanate battery.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic step diagram of a lithium titanate battery recycling method according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a mapping relationship of the lithium titanate battery of the invention.
Detailed Description
The details of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a lithium titanate battery recycling method includes the following steps:
s1, planning the life cycle of a lithium titanate battery,
the lithium titanate battery life cycle planning comprises the steps of collecting the application types, the number and the power information of the battery of an enterprise, counting relevant parameters and calculating the annual cost saving rate;
s2, establishing a mapping relation table,
dividing the cycle number of the lithium titanate battery into a plurality of sections, using the sections in different applications, defining the applications by a user, and establishing a mapping table between the sections and different applications, wherein the different applications have different requirements;
s3, manufacturing a battery pack, using the battery pack,
according to the application condition, manufacturing lithium titanate battery packs with different powers;
s4, reaching the cycle times, detecting,
after the use is finished, the battery pack is disassembled from the upper-level application, and the battery core or the module is tested; making a battery pack with new power according with the application indexes of the corresponding levels; entering a scrapping step which cannot be achieved;
s5, circularly disassembling, detecting, manufacturing a new battery pack, and using,
repeating the processes of manufacturing the battery pack, disassembling and detecting;
s6, scrapping, metal element recovery and innocent treatment,
in practical application, S3, the battery pack is manufactured, and the using step comprises S8, the lithium titanate battery pack protecting step, so that the influence of battery faults on the next application is avoided.
In practical application, the protection step of the lithium titanate battery pack comprises the steps of increasing the thickness of the outer wall of the battery pack, selecting a metal shell material, adding a soft protection pad, adding a water-cooling circulating device and adding a dehumidifying device.
In practical applications, the step of manufacturing and using the battery pack in S3 includes S7. a battery condition and cycle number monitoring step.
Taking a whole car factory as an example, the specific implementation process is described as follows:
the total cycle number of the lithium titanate battery is N, and the lithium titanate battery is divided into N sections: m1, m2, m3 … … mn, and N ═ m1+ m2+ m3+ … … + mn. The user plans the specific application in advance: applications 1, 2, 3 … …, such as powering, storing energy in class D vehicles, class C cars, SUVs, MPVs, logistics vehicles, commercial vehicles, tourist vehicles, electric bicycles, children's toy vehicles, launching pad stations, etc. And establishing a corresponding relation between the cycle number segmentation of the lithium titanate battery and different specific applications.
1. Planning the application of the lithium titanate battery, and the specific application comprises the following steps:
the system is used as a C-grade SUV vehicle-mounted energy storage unit of the company;
the energy storage unit is used as a vehicle-mounted energy storage unit of a class A0 car of the company;
the energy storage device is used as an energy storage device of subordinate energy storage companies of the company.
2. The number of cycles used for each application was analyzed:
assuming that a class-C SUV is scrapped after being used for 50 kilometers, the SUV carries a lithium titanate battery pack of 40kwh, the pure electric endurance mileage is 200 kilometers, and 50 kilometers are circulated for 2500 times, and m1 is 2500 times.
3. The protection measures adopted in the use are as follows:
taking corresponding measures (for example, places different from other vehicles) according to the use condition of the whole vehicle and the design target of the vehicle;
4. after the use is finished, the battery cell or the module is tested, and the test comprises a discharge performance of 0.2C5A at 20 ℃, a discharge performance of 1C5A at 20 ℃, a high-temperature performance test, a low-temperature performance test, a charge retention capacity test, a cycle life test, a constant damp-heat performance test, a vibration test, a collision test, a free drop test, an overcharge protection test, an overdischarge protection test, a heavy impact test, a thermal shock test, an overcharge test, a short circuit test and a storage test. The test should meet the requirements of the GB/T18287 standard.
5. The tested battery core or module is used for recombining a battery pack to adapt to a company A0 class car; and the number of cycles required was analyzed: and discarding 50 kilometres, transshipping 20kwh of battery packs, and keeping the pure electric endurance mileage of 100 kilometres. 50 kilometres requires 5000 cycles of lithium titanate. m2 is 5000.
6. The protection measures adopted in the use are the same as 3;
7. testing the battery cell or the module after the use is finished, and the same as 4;
8. the battery pack is formed to be used as an energy storage device in the energy storage equipment.
9. Correspondence table between segments and applications
Specific application of battery cycle number
| Number of battery cycles | Specific application |
| 2500 | Class C SUV, 50 kilometers scrapped |
| 5000 | Grade A0 car, 50 kilometers scrapped |
| 22500 | Energy storage |
10. And monitoring the health condition of the battery by the background.
11. Scrapping, recovering metal elements and carrying out innocent treatment.
In conclusion, the cycle number of the lithium titanate battery is divided into a plurality of sections, the lithium titanate battery is applied to different applications in a segmented manner on the premise of ensuring the performance of each section of the lithium titanate battery, the lithium titanate battery is used in a full life cycle, the cost of the lithium titanate battery is effectively reduced, and a foundation is laid for large-scale application of the lithium titanate battery.
The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical spirit and features of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto but may be implemented by those skilled in the art.
Claims (5)
1. A lithium titanate battery recycling method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, planning the life cycle of a lithium titanate battery,
the lithium titanate battery life cycle planning comprises the steps of collecting the application types, the number and the power information of the battery of an enterprise, counting relevant parameters and calculating the annual cost saving rate;
s2, establishing a mapping relation table,
dividing the cycle number of the lithium titanate battery into a plurality of sections, using the sections in different applications, defining the applications by a user, and establishing a mapping table between the sections and different applications, wherein the different applications have different requirements;
s3, manufacturing a battery pack, using the battery pack,
according to the application condition, manufacturing lithium titanate battery packs with different powers;
s4, reaching the cycle times, detecting,
after the use is finished, the battery pack is disassembled from the upper-level application, and the battery core or the module is tested; making a battery pack with new power according with the application indexes of the corresponding levels; entering a scrapping step which cannot be achieved;
s5, circularly disassembling, detecting, manufacturing a new battery pack, and using,
repeating the processes of manufacturing the battery pack, disassembling and detecting;
and S6, scrapping, and carrying out metal element recovery and harmless treatment.
2. The recycling method of the lithium titanate battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: s3, manufacturing a battery pack, wherein the steps of using the battery pack include S8. a lithium titanate battery pack protection step, so that the influence of battery faults on the next application is avoided.
3. The recycling method of the lithium titanate battery according to claim 2, characterized in that: the lithium titanate battery pack protection step comprises the steps of increasing the thickness of the outer wall of a battery pack, selecting a metal shell material, adding a soft protection pad, adding a water-cooling circulating device and adding a dehumidifying device.
4. The recycling method of the lithium titanate battery according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: s3, manufacturing a battery pack, and using the battery pack, wherein the step comprises S7, a battery condition and cycle number monitoring step.
5. The recycling method of the lithium titanate battery according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: s4, reaching the cycle number, wherein the detection step comprises the following steps: 0.2C5A discharge performance at 20 ℃, 1C5A discharge performance at 20 ℃, high temperature performance test, low temperature performance test, charge retention capacity test, cycle life test, constant wet heat performance test, vibration test, collision test, free drop test, overcharge protection test, overdischarge protection test, heavy impact test, thermal shock test, overcharge test, short circuit test and storage test.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910837550.1A CN110474117B (en) | 2019-09-05 | 2019-09-05 | Lithium titanate battery recycling method |
| PCT/CN2019/107081 WO2021042420A1 (en) | 2019-09-05 | 2019-09-20 | Method for cyclical use of lithium titanate batteries |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107238802A (en) * | 2017-06-16 | 2017-10-10 | 长沙新材料产业研究院有限公司 | The Forecasting Methodology of LiFePO4 lithium titanate battery life cycle |
| CN108767340A (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2018-11-06 | 山东奥冠新能源科技有限公司 | The group technology that lithium ion battery echelon utilizes |
| CN110071337A (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2019-07-30 | 中时讯通信建设有限公司 | A kind of base station storage batteries Life cycle optimization method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108199109B (en) * | 2018-01-16 | 2020-10-02 | 上海应用技术大学 | Screening method for gradient utilization of retired power battery pack |
| CN108448194B (en) * | 2018-02-06 | 2020-10-20 | 中合动力（北京）新能源科技有限公司 | Waste power battery pack disassembling and recycling echelon utilization method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107238802A (en) * | 2017-06-16 | 2017-10-10 | 长沙新材料产业研究院有限公司 | The Forecasting Methodology of LiFePO4 lithium titanate battery life cycle |
| CN108767340A (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2018-11-06 | 山东奥冠新能源科技有限公司 | The group technology that lithium ion battery echelon utilizes |
| CN110071337A (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2019-07-30 | 中时讯通信建设有限公司 | A kind of base station storage batteries Life cycle optimization method |
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| CN110474117A (en) | 2019-11-19 |
| WO2021042420A1 (en) | 2021-03-11 |
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