CN110473686A - A kind of method that low cost prepares high-performance Ne-Fe-B - Google Patents
A kind of method that low cost prepares high-performance Ne-Fe-B Download PDFInfo
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- CN110473686A CN110473686A CN201910899629.7A CN201910899629A CN110473686A CN 110473686 A CN110473686 A CN 110473686A CN 201910899629 A CN201910899629 A CN 201910899629A CN 110473686 A CN110473686 A CN 110473686A
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- neodymium iron
- iron boron
- powder
- rare earth
- rejection tablet
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
- H01F1/04—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/047—Alloys characterised by their composition
- H01F1/053—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals
- H01F1/055—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5
- H01F1/057—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B
- H01F1/0571—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes
- H01F1/0575—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes pressed, sintered or bonded together
- H01F1/0577—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes pressed, sintered or bonded together sintered
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
- H01F41/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
- H01F41/0253—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets for manufacturing permanent magnets
- H01F41/0266—Moulding; Pressing
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods that low cost prepares high-performance Ne-Fe-B, are related to sintered Nd-Fe-B magnetic material field.Step of the invention are as follows: first prepare rejection tablet A and rejection tablet B that total rare earth content is 34% and 30.5%；Rejection tablet A and rejection tablet B is obtained into neodymium iron boron powders A and neodymium iron boron powder B by airflow milling powder after rejection tablet hydrogen is broken；The first cloth neodymium iron boron powders A in the die cavity of parallel press, then cloth neodymium iron boron powder B, finally cloth neodymium iron boron powders A again, then carries out orientation compacting and isostatic pressing；It is heat-treated the green compact after equal static pressure to obtain neodymium iron boron product.The features such as present invention is by way of being orientated pressing mode parallel with pressing direction and layering cloth powder, and the monolithic neodymium iron boron product of the double high thickness 10mm or more of coercivity remanent magnetism, this method has simple process and low cost, easy to operate, good product quality.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to sintered Nd-Fe-B magnetic material field, in particular to a kind of low cost prepares high-performance Ne-Fe-B
Method.
Background technique
At present the processing method of sintered Nd-Fe-B magnetic material specifically include that ingredient-melting-hydrogen it is broken-air-flow grinds
Powder-die mould-sintering-machining-plating etc..Most of manufacturer is all mainly logical when preparing high-performance Ne-Fe-B
Crossing increase heavy rare earth element in the material includes dysprosium, terbium etc..But heavy rare earth dysprosium is added in formula, there are two most important disadvantages for terbium
End: 1, heavy rare earth dysprosium, terbium are expensive, and addition excessively directly results in material cost rising, are unfavorable for market competition；2, heavy rare earth
Although the increase of dysprosium, terbium can excessively be such that coercivity rises, material remanent magnetism is directly affected, it is difficult to prepare coercivity and remanent magnetism is double
High material.But the NdFeB material of high remanent magnetism, high-coercive force can be also produced by way of grain boundary decision at present, but crystal boundary
Diffusion effect is influenced by material thickness at present, so the above product of thickness 10mm is not suitable for grain boundary decision.So being directed to thickness
10mm and the above neodymium iron boron product, at present without compared with the double high performances of good method production coercivity remanent magnetism.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome disadvantages mentioned above, a kind of method that low cost prepares high-performance Ne-Fe-B is provided, is led to
Cross the mode for being orientated pressing mode parallel with pressing direction and being layered cloth powder, the double high thickness 10mm or more of coercivity remanent magnetism
The features such as monolithic neodymium iron boron product, this method has simple process and low cost, easy to operate, good product quality.
The present invention provides a kind of methods that low cost prepares high-performance Ne-Fe-B, which is characterized in that passes through high heavy rare earth
NdFeB material powder prepares the monolithic of high-residual magnetism high-coercive force to the mode of low heavy rare earth NdFeB material powder directional diffusion
It is orientated the monolithic neodymium iron boron product of thickness 10mm or more, is specifically comprised the following steps:
(1) the rejection tablet A that total rare earth content is 34% and the rejection tablet B that total rare earth content is 30.5% are prepared；
(2) rejection tablet A and rejection tablet B is obtained into neodymium iron boron powders A and neodymium iron boron by airflow milling powder after rejection tablet hydrogen is broken
Powder B；
(3) the first cloth first layer powder in the die cavity of the differently- oriented directivity parallel press parallel with pressing direction: Nd-Fe-B powder
Last A, the then cloth second layer powder in the die cavity of parallel press: neodymium iron boron powder B, last cloth third layer powder: Nd-Fe-B powder
Then last A carries out orientation compacting and isostatic pressing；
(4) it is heat-treated the green compact after equal static pressure to obtain neodymium iron boron product.
Preferably, in the step (1), the rejection tablet A is high heavy rare earth ingredient, wherein heavy rare earth element Tb accounting 7%-
10%；The rejection tablet B is low heavy rare earth ingredient, wherein heavy rare earth element Tb accounting 1%-3%.
Preferably, powder mean particle sizes made from the step (2) are 2.8um-3.5um.
Preferably, in the step (3), first layer weight accounts for the 5%-10% of magnetic patch total weight；The second layer
Weight accounts for the 80%-90% of magnetic patch total weight；The third layer weight is identical as first layer.
Preferably, the heat treatment of the step (4) are as follows: green compact first keeps the temperature 4h at a temperature of 1060 DEG C -1080 DEG C, then exists
5h is kept the temperature at a temperature of 880 DEG C -910 DEG C, finally keeps the temperature 3h at a temperature of 480 DEG C -510 DEG C.
In 1060 DEG C of -1080 DEG C of heat treatment, since A powder is not thoroughly mixed with B powder, A, B powder can effectively reduce
Melting and precipitation between end, can be effectively controlled the reduction of remanent magnetism, different from dual alloy technological principle.The present invention is to pass through outer layer
High concentration Tb and inside low concentration Tb between there are concentration differences, the Tb of outer layer is internally spread, but since outer layer also belongs to
In neodymium iron boron structure, remain to contribute for magnet performance after the diffusion；And 880 DEG C of -910 DEG C of soaking times are to pass through crystal boundary
Diffusion principle is further by outer layer high concentration Tb to spreading inside magnet.
Advantages of the present invention are as follows: the present invention passes through the element neodymium iron boron powder of Tb containing high concentration and the element of Tb containing low concentration neodymium iron
The mode that boron powder layering cloth powder is suppressed in parallel prepares orientation thickness 10mm or more using sintering, tempering a pair of re-diffusion
High remanent magnetism, high-coercive force and low cost neodymium iron boron product.Mode prepares product orientation thickness 20mm product through the invention,
When A powder accounts for total weight 10%, prepared compared with the traditional handicraft of same ratio total rare earth and same ratio Tb constituent content
The remanent magnetism of product out is higher by 0.31kGs, and coercivity is higher by 5.49kOe；Product orientation thickness 30mm product is prepared, A powder accounts for
When total weight 10%, compared with the product prepared of traditional handicraft of same ratio total rare earth and same ratio Tb constituent content
Remanent magnetism be higher by 0.37kGs, coercivity is higher by 3.88kOe；Product orientation thickness 30mm product is prepared, A powder accounts for total weight
When 20%, compared with the remanent magnetism of product prepared of traditional handicraft of same ratio total rare earth and same ratio Tb constituent content
It is higher by 0.21kGs, coercivity is higher by 5.64kOe.
Detailed description of the invention
The following further describes the present invention with reference to the drawings.
Fig. 1 is that cloth powder schematic diagram is layered in the die cavity of parallel press of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described with reference to the examples below.Described embodiment and its result are merely to illustrate
The present invention, without the present invention described in detail in claims should will not be limited.
Embodiment 1
The method that low cost described in the present embodiment prepares high-performance Ne-Fe-B specifically comprises the following steps: that preparing total rare earth (TRE) contains
The rejection tablet B that the rejection tablet A and total rare earth content that amount is 34% are 30.5%；The average thickness of rejection tablet A and rejection tablet B are 0.25mm；Institute
Stating rejection tablet A is high heavy rare earth ingredient, wherein heavy rare earth element Tb accounting 7%；The rejection tablet B is low heavy rare earth ingredient, wherein weighing
Rare earth element tb accounting 1%；By rejection tablet A and rejection tablet B after rejection tablet hydrogen is broken by airflow milling powder obtain neodymium iron boron powders A and
Neodymium iron boron powder B, powder mean particle sizes obtained are 3.0um-3.5um；In the differently- oriented directivity parallel pressure parallel with pressing direction
First cloth first layer powder in the die cavity of machine: neodymium iron boron powders A, weight account for the 5% of magnetic patch total weight；Then in the mould of parallel press
Intracavitary cloth second layer powder: neodymium iron boron powder B, weight account for the 90% of magnetic patch total weight；Last cloth third layer powder: Nd-Fe-B powder
Last A, weight account for the 5% of magnetic patch total weight；Then orientation compacting and isostatic pressing are carried out；Green compact after equal static pressure is carried out
Heat treatment: 4h first is kept the temperature at a temperature of 1060 DEG C -1080 DEG C, then 5h is kept the temperature at a temperature of 880 DEG C -910 DEG C, finally 480
3h is kept the temperature at a temperature of DEG C -510 DEG C, prepares the neodymium iron boron product of orientation thickness 20mm.Total rare earth content is prepared simultaneously
The rejection tablet of 30.85%, heavy rare earth Tb content 1.6% is made by the neodymium iron boron product that traditional handicraft prepares orientation thickness 20mm
For comparative example 1, while contrast test, test result are as shown in table 1:
Table 1: the performance comparison of comparative example 1 and embodiment 1
| Number | Br(kGs) | Hcb(kOe) | Hcj(kOe) | (BH)max(MGOe) | Hk/Hcj |
| Comparative example 1 | 13.56 | 12.87 | 20.15 | 45.12 | 97.6% |
| Embodiment 1 | 13.87 | 12.93 | 25.64 | 47.18 | 93.5% |
Embodiment 2
The method that low cost described in the present embodiment prepares high-performance Ne-Fe-B specifically comprises the following steps: that preparing total rare earth (TRE) contains
The rejection tablet B that the rejection tablet A and total rare earth content that amount is 34% are 30.5%；The average thickness of rejection tablet A and rejection tablet B are 0.25mm；Institute
Stating rejection tablet A is high heavy rare earth ingredient, wherein heavy rare earth element Tb accounting 7%；The rejection tablet B is low heavy rare earth ingredient, wherein weighing
Rare earth element tb accounting 1%；By rejection tablet A and rejection tablet B after rejection tablet hydrogen is broken by airflow milling powder obtain neodymium iron boron powders A and
Neodymium iron boron powder B, powder mean particle sizes obtained are 3.0um-3.5um；In the differently- oriented directivity parallel pressure parallel with pressing direction
First cloth first layer powder in the die cavity of machine: neodymium iron boron powders A, weight account for the 5% of magnetic patch total weight；Then in the mould of parallel press
Intracavitary cloth second layer powder: neodymium iron boron powder B, weight account for the 90% of magnetic patch total weight；Last cloth third layer powder: Nd-Fe-B powder
Last A, weight account for the 5% of magnetic patch total weight；Then orientation compacting and isostatic pressing are carried out；Green compact after equal static pressure is carried out
Heat treatment: 4h first is kept the temperature at a temperature of 1060 DEG C -1080 DEG C, then 5h is kept the temperature at a temperature of 880 DEG C -910 DEG C, finally 480
3h is kept the temperature at a temperature of DEG C -510 DEG C, prepares the neodymium iron boron product of orientation thickness 30mm.Total rare earth content is prepared simultaneously
The rejection tablet of 30.85%, heavy rare earth Tb content 1.6% is made by the neodymium iron boron product that traditional handicraft prepares orientation thickness 30mm
For comparative example 2, while contrast test, test result are as shown in table 2:
Table 2: the performance comparison of comparative example 2 and embodiment 2
| Number | Br(kGs) | Hcb(kOe) | Hcj(kOe) | (BH)max(MGOe) | Hk/Hcj |
| Comparative example 2 | 13.54 | 12.86 | 20.08 | 44.96 | 97.8% |
| Embodiment 2 | 13.91 | 12.93 | 23.96 | 47.45 | 92.2% |
Embodiment 3
The method that low cost described in the present embodiment prepares high-performance Ne-Fe-B specifically comprises the following steps: that preparing total rare earth (TRE) contains
The rejection tablet B that the rejection tablet A and total rare earth content that amount is 34% are 30.5%；The average thickness of rejection tablet A and rejection tablet B are 0.25mm；Institute
Stating rejection tablet A is high heavy rare earth ingredient, wherein heavy rare earth element Tb accounting 7%；The rejection tablet B is low heavy rare earth ingredient, wherein weighing
Rare earth element tb accounting 1%；By rejection tablet A and rejection tablet B after rejection tablet hydrogen is broken by airflow milling powder obtain neodymium iron boron powders A and
Neodymium iron boron powder B, powder mean particle sizes obtained are 3.0um-3.5um；In the differently- oriented directivity parallel pressure parallel with pressing direction
First cloth first layer powder in the die cavity of machine: neodymium iron boron powders A, weight account for the 10% of magnetic patch total weight；Then in parallel press
Cloth second layer powder in die cavity: neodymium iron boron powder B, weight account for the 80% of magnetic patch total weight；Last cloth third layer powder: neodymium iron boron
Powders A, weight account for the 10% of magnetic patch total weight；Then orientation compacting and isostatic pressing are carried out；By the green compact after equal static pressure
It is heat-treated: first keeping the temperature 4h at a temperature of 1060 DEG C -1080 DEG C, then keep the temperature 5h at a temperature of 880 DEG C -910 DEG C, finally exist
3h is kept the temperature at a temperature of 480 DEG C -510 DEG C, prepares the neodymium iron boron product of orientation thickness 30mm.Total rare earth content is prepared simultaneously
The rejection tablet of 31.2%, heavy rare earth Tb content 2.2% prepares the neodymium iron boron product conduct of orientation thickness 30mm by traditional handicraft
Comparative example 3, while contrast test, test result are as shown in table 3:
Table 3: the performance comparison of comparative example 3 and embodiment 3
| Number | Br(kGs) | Hcb(kOe) | Hcj(kOe) | (BH)max(MGOe) | Hk/Hcj |
| Comparative example 3 | 13.44 | 12.87 | 22.47 | 44.31 | 94.7% |
| Embodiment 3 | 13.65 | 12.93 | 28.11 | 45.72 | 90.8% |
From embodiment 1 as can be seen that present invention process improves 0.31kGs compared with traditional handicraft remanent magnetism, coercivity is improved
5.49kOe；Present invention process improves 0.37kOe compared with traditional handicraft remanent magnetism in embodiment 2, and coercivity improves 3.88kOe.Embodiment
1 is identical as A, B powder proportions in embodiment 2, but the product thickness in embodiment 2 increases, and remanent magnetism slightly improves, but coercivity has
It is decreased obviously trend, the reason is that thickness, which increases, influences diffusion depth, so coercivity amount of increase is caused to be decreased obviously.From embodiment 2
With comparison in embodiment 3 as can be seen that when product differently- oriented directivity thickness is identical, A alloy ratio increases, and coercivity still has larger
Amplitude improves, but remanent magnetism influence is also larger.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of method that low cost prepares high-performance Ne-Fe-B, which is characterized in that pass through high heavy rare earth NdFeB material powder
The monolithic for preparing high-residual magnetism high-coercive force to the mode of low heavy rare earth NdFeB material powder directional diffusion be orientated thickness 10mm with
On monolithic neodymium iron boron product, specifically comprise the following steps:
(1) the rejection tablet A that total rare earth content is 34% and the rejection tablet B that total rare earth content is 30.5% are prepared；
(2) rejection tablet A and rejection tablet B is obtained into neodymium iron boron powders A and neodymium iron boron powder by airflow milling powder after rejection tablet hydrogen is broken
B；
(3) the first cloth first layer powder in the die cavity of the differently- oriented directivity parallel press parallel with pressing direction: neodymium iron boron powders A,
Then the cloth second layer powder in the die cavity of parallel press: neodymium iron boron powder B, last cloth third layer powder: neodymium iron boron powders A,
Then orientation compacting and isostatic pressing are carried out；
(4) it is heat-treated the green compact after equal static pressure to obtain neodymium iron boron product.
2. the method that low cost as described in claim 1 prepares high-performance Ne-Fe-B, it is characterised in that: in the step (1),
The rejection tablet A is high heavy rare earth ingredient, wherein heavy rare earth element Tb accounting 7%-10%；The rejection tablet B is low heavy rare earth ingredient,
Wherein heavy rare earth element Tb accounting 1%-3%.
3. the method that low cost as described in claim 1 prepares high-performance Ne-Fe-B, it is characterised in that: step (2) system
The powder mean particle sizes obtained are 2.8um-3.5um.
4. the method that low cost as described in claim 1 prepares high-performance Ne-Fe-B, it is characterised in that: in the step (3),
First layer weight accounts for the 5%-10% of magnetic patch total weight；Second layer weight accounts for the 80%-90% of magnetic patch total weight；Institute
It is identical as first layer to state third layer weight.
5. the method that low cost as described in claim 1 prepares high-performance Ne-Fe-B, it is characterised in that: the step (4)
Heat treatment are as follows: green compact first keeps the temperature 4h at a temperature of 1060 DEG C -1080 DEG C, then keeps the temperature 5h at a temperature of 880 DEG C -910 DEG C, finally
3h is kept the temperature at a temperature of 480 DEG C -510 DEG C.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113096910A (en) * | 2021-04-06 | 2021-07-09 | 江西金力永磁科技股份有限公司 | Sheet magnet with gradient distribution performance and preparation method thereof |
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