CN110472450A - One kind lacking label identification method towards RFID known to missing number - Google Patents

One kind lacking label identification method towards RFID known to missing number Download PDF

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CN110472450A
CN110472450A CN201910565440.4A CN201910565440A CN110472450A CN 110472450 A CN110472450 A CN 110472450A CN 201910565440 A CN201910565440 A CN 201910565440A CN 110472450 A CN110472450 A CN 110472450A
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time slot
missing
group
reader
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CN110472450B (en
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朱小军
钟慧
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K7/00—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
    • G06K7/10—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation
    • G06K7/10009—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves
    • G06K7/10297—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves arrangements for handling protocols designed for non-contact record carriers such as RFIDs NFCs, e.g. ISO/IEC 14443 and 18092

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Abstract

The invention discloses one kind to lack label identification method towards RFID known to missing number, include the following steps: (1) pretreatment stage: reader is that the distribution of all labels is unique and continuous call number, label can calculate the group number where oneself according to call number and organize in position；(2) single missing tag recognition stage: according to the optimal group number of single missing label, the time slot that first responsive tags quantity is less than expected number of labels is found, iteration grouping identification is less than or equal to 1 until group interior label number；(3) it lacks the tag recognition stage more: according to the optimal group number of more missing labels, detecting responsive tags quantity in each time slot, find out the time slot that all number of labels are less than expected number of labels, iteration grouping identification is sky until queue.Under present invention scene known to missing number of tags, the label of missing can be quickly identified.

Description

One kind lacking label identification method towards RFID known to missing number
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of RFID, especially a kind of to lack tag recognition side towards RFID known to missing number Method.
Background technique
Missing tag recognition is the ID that RFID reader finds missing label by some inquiry messages.It is a kind of typical Recognition methods is to allow the ID of each label of reader polling broadcast.If label does not respond to, it can be assumed that the label It has lacked.Although this method can accurately identify missing label, since the ID length of each label is 96, this Recognition methods efficiency is lower.
Another method is that reader broadcasts the polling request being made of some parameters, waits the response for collecting label.Often A label selects time slot responses according to cryptographic Hash.Since reader knows the ID of all labels, the pre- prophet of reader in advance The each time slot state in road.By comparing true time slot state and expected time slot state, reader can identify whether label lacks It loses.
These methods assume that missing label number is unknown.In some practical application scenes, missing number of tags can pass through Other modes obtain.Existing method can not efficiently use this partial information.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by the present invention lies in provide a kind of towards the missing tag recognition of RFID known to missing number Method solves RFID missing mark using grouping thought in situation known to missing number of tags in the environment of RFID system Sign identification problem.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention, which provides one kind, lacks tag recognition side towards RFID known to missing number Method includes the following steps:
(1) pretreatment stage, reader are that all labels distribute unique and continuous call number, and label can be according to index Position in number calculating the group number where oneself and organizing；Reader gets parms p, Wt、EtValue, wherein p is collision signal The parameter of detection technique, when causing the number of conflict label to be no more than p, which can extrapolate the label for causing conflict Specific number, WtFor the interframe gap value of RFID system, EtFor the length of RFID system single time slot；
(2) in single missing tag recognition stage, reader is according to p, WtAnd EtCalculate the optimal group number of single missing label n1, value is EQUATION x lnx-x=Wt/EtSolution, reader issues a frame, and the number of timeslots of frame is n1, label in frame return It is multiple；Reader finds the time slot that first responsive tags quantity is less than expected number of labels, then the corresponding packet label of the time slot It is middle to there is missing label；Iteration identifies that the set of tags is less than or equal to 1 until organizing interior number, to recognize the index of missing label Number；
(3) lack the tag recognition stage, reader is according to p, W moretAnd EtCalculate optimal group number n2, value is equation len(x-1)2=(len-1) (Wt/Et+ 1) solution, wherein len is the sum of label, and reader issues a frame, the time slot of frame Quantity is n2, label replys in frame；Reader detects responsive tags quantity in each time slot, finds out all number of labels and is less than There is missing label it is expected that the time slot of number of labels, in the corresponding packet label of these labels, iteration identifies that these set of tags are straight It is sky to queue, exports the call number of all missing labels.
Preferably, step (2) singly lacks in the tag recognition stage, includes the following steps:
(21) tab end executes following steps: initial maximum call number and lowest index number, if it is respectively S, L；Enable n1 Label optimal group number is lacked to be single, len is label number, that is, len=L-S+1 enables index for tab index number, and j= index-S+1；IfSo label should beA time slot is replied；IfSo label should be A time slot Reply, wherein mod (x, y) refer to x divided by the remainder of y,It is upper whole to be taken to x；
(22) label is divided into group by reader, ifWhen, then it sets a group number toSo that every group includes p Otherwise label is divided into n by label1A group, reader broadcasts a frame, and the timeslot number of frame is identical with labeled packet number；
(23) reader end is in identification process, if in preceding mod (len, n1) responsive tags number is detected in a time slot Amount isUpdate the label section (S, L) where missing label；If in rear n1- mod (len, n1) inspection in a time slot Measuring responsive tags quantity isUpdate the label section (S, L) where missing label.
Preferably, step (3) lacks in the tag recognition stage more, includes the following steps:
(31) tab end: initial maximum call number and lowest index number, if it is respectively S, L；Enable n1Label is lacked to be single Optimal group number, len are label number, that is, len=L-S+1 enables index for tab index number, and j=index-S+1；Such as FruitSo label isA time slot is replied；If So label isA time slot is replied, and wherein mod (x, y) refers to x divided by y's Remainder,It is upper whole to be taken to x；
(32) label is divided into group by reader, ifPacket count isSo that every group includes p label, it is no Label is then divided into n2A group；Reader broadcasts a frame, and the timeslot number of frame is identical with labeled packet number；
(33) reader is in identification process, if in preceding mod (len, n2) responsive tags quantity is detected in a time slot It is less thanThe section bound of this group of label is joined the team；If label is not responding to, indicate that the time slot interior label is all lost, then The section bound of this group of label is all saved in another queue；If in rear n2- mod (len, n2) detect in a time slot Responsive tags quantity is less thanThe section bound of this group of label is joined the team；If label is not responding to, the time slot interior label is indicated It all loses, then the section bound of this group of label is all saved in another queue.
The invention has the benefit that the present invention can make full use of missing number of tags information, identify at faster speed Lack label.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is method flow schematic diagram of the invention.
Fig. 2, which is that the present invention is single, lacks tag recognition stage running flow diagram.
Fig. 3, which is that the present invention, lacks tag recognition stage running flow diagram.
Fig. 4 is the runing time schematic diagram of the single missing label identification method of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is runing time schematic diagram under the different p values of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the runing time schematic diagram that the more missing label identification methods of the present invention change with miss rate.
Fig. 7 is the runing time schematic diagram that the more missing label identification methods of the present invention change with number of tags.
Specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of lack label identification method towards RFID known to missing number, include the following steps:
1, pretreatment stage；
The purpose of this step is pre-processed before identification lacks label.Reader is that all labels distribute only first One and continuous call number, label can calculate the group number where oneself according to call number and organize in position.Using conflict Signal detection technique when reader detects collision signal, when causing the number of conflict label to be no more than p, can be drawn The specific number of the label to collide.P value is inputted by user or is obtained by systematic survey.WtAnd EtIt is obtained by systematic survey, In, WtIndicate interframe gap, EtIndicate single time slot length.
2, single missing tag recognition stage；
In the single missing label of identification, need to obtain the optimal group number n of single missing label1.Reader is according to p, WtAnd EtCalculate optimal group number n1.Enable x0It is EQUATION x lnx-x=Wt/EtUnique solution.Len is enabled to indicate total number of labels.IfN is set1Value isSo that every group includes p label.Otherwise label is divided into x0A group.Reader publication one A frame, the number of timeslots of frame are n1, label replys in frame.
As shown in Figure 2.S, L, n1Indicate largest index number, lowest index number and packet count, len indicate number of labels and Len=L-S+1, i are slot variables, and p indicates most identifiable conflict number of labels in a time slot.
Reader end implementation procedure is as follows: according to label initial largest index number and lowest index number, label being divided into n1A group and guarantee number at most poor 1 of the maximum group with most group.The size relation of number and p value in judgement group.If organizing interior label NumberWhen, it needs to reset n1Value isSo that every group includes p label.Otherwise label is divided into n1A group.Reader To one time frame of all tag broadcasts and relevant parameter.Reader collects the response of label, detects and actually rings in each time slot Answer number of labels.If true responsive tags quantity is identical as expected responsive tags quantity in some time slot, continue to execute down One time slot；Conversely, there is missing label in its corresponding packet label.Finally when number is less than or equal to 1 in group, i.e. S≤L When, it can identify that missing label returns to its call number.In identification process, since the corresponding number of tags of time slot is different, need Divide situation discussion.
(1) if in preceding mod (len, n1) detect that responsive tags quantity is in a time slotUpdate missing mark Label section (S, L) where signing.Repeat the identification process of single missing label.
(2) if in rear n1- mod (len, n1) detect that responsive tags quantity is in a time slotUpdate missing Label section (S, L) where label.Repeat the identification process of single missing label.
Tab end implementation procedure is as follows: the index-S+1 of j expression label.IfThat Label isA time slot is replied.IfSo label isA time slot is replied, wherein mod (x, y) refer to x divided by the remainder of y,For to x It takes whole.
3, lack the tag recognition stage more；
In the more missing labels of identification, need to obtain the optimal group number n of more missing labels2.Reader is according to p, WtAnd EtCalculate optimal group number n2.Enable x0It is equation len (x-1)2=(len-1) (Wt/Et+ 1) unique solution.Len is enabled to indicate label Sum.IfWhen, n is set2ForSo that every group includes p label.Otherwise n is set2For x0.Reader publication one A frame, the number of timeslots of frame are n2, label replys in frame.
As shown in figure 3, S, L, n2Indicate largest index number, lowest index number and packet count, Q indicates current inspection to be polled The missing label section queue of survey, len indicates number of labels and len=L-S+1, i are slot variables, and p is indicated in a time slot Most identifiable conflict number of labels, T indicate identified missing tag queue.
Reader end implementation procedure is as follows: reader joins the team largest index S and lowest index number L Q.It, will according to S, L Label is divided into n2A group and guarantee number at most poor 1 of the maximum group with most group.The size relation of number and p value in judgement group.If Group interior label numberWhen, it needs to reset n2Value isSo that every group includes p label.Label is divided into n2A group. Reader is to one time frame of all tag broadcasts and relevant parameter.Reader collects the response of label, detects in each time slot Responsive tags quantity.If true responsive tags quantity is identical as expected responsive tags quantity in some time slot, continue to execute Next time slot；Conversely, there is missing label in its corresponding packet label.If true responsive tags quantity is greater than 0, by this Join the team Q in group label section, continues to execute next time slot.If label is not responding to, indicates that the time slot interior label is all lost, then should Group tab index number all exports, its whole is joined the team T, next time slot is continued to execute.Finally when queue Q is empty, output Queue T is the call number of all missing labels.In identification process, since the corresponding number of tags of time slot is different, a point feelings are needed Condition discussion.
(1) if in preceding mod (len, n2) detect that responsive tags quantity is less than in a time slotIt will be where the label Section join the team Q.Continue to execute next time slot.The identification of more missing labels is repeated after time slot has all executed Journey.
(2) if in rear n2- mod (len, n2(detect that responsive tags quantity is less than in a time slotBy the label institute Section join the team Q.Continue to execute next time slot.The identification of more missing labels is repeated after time slot has all executed Journey.
Tab end implementation procedure is as follows: the index-S+1 of j expression label.IfThat Label isA time slot is replied.IfSo label isA time slot is replied, wherein mod (x, y) refer to x divided by the remainder of y,For to x It takes whole.
Effect of the invention can be further illustrated with following emulation experiment.
In simulations, time slot EtFor 0.4ms, two interframe time, expense extra time WtFor 1.0ms.Under these conditions, We calculate separately out n1Value is 5, n2Value is 3.Attached drawing 4 gives single missing label identification method proposed by the present invention and has The experimental performance of method compares.Attached drawing 5 provides influence of the different p values for experimental performance, and it is respectively 100,200 that we, which take p, 500, it can be found that p is higher, runing time is shorter.We change miss rate and number of labels respectively, relatively have method and this Invent the more missing label identification methods proposed.Analog result such as attached drawing 6, shown in 7.In attached drawing 6, fixed labels quantity is 5000.As can be seen that when miss rate in a certain range when, our agreement needs less runing time.In attached drawing 7, Gu Determining miss rate is 0.05, and number of labels changes from 0 to 5000, it can be seen that our method is better than existing method.

Claims (3)

1. a kind of lack label identification method towards RFID known to missing number, which comprises the steps of:
(1) pretreatment stage, reader are that all labels distribute unique and continuous call number, and label can be according to call number meter Position in calculating the group number where oneself and organizing；Reader gets parms p, Wt、EtValue, wherein p be collision signal detection The parameter of technology, when causing the number of conflict label to be no more than p, which can extrapolate the specific of the label for causing conflict Number, WtFor the interframe gap value of RFID system, EtFor the length of RFID system single time slot；
(2) in single missing tag recognition stage, reader is according to p, WtAnd EtCalculate the optimal group number n of single missing label1, Value is EQUATION x ln x-x=Wt/EtSolution, reader issues a frame, and the number of timeslots of frame is n1, label replys in frame； Reader finds the time slot that first responsive tags quantity is less than expected number of labels, then deposits in the corresponding packet label of the time slot In missing label；Iteration identifies that the set of tags is less than or equal to 1 until organizing interior number, to recognize the call number of missing label；
(3) lack the tag recognition stage, reader is according to p, W moretAnd EtCalculate optimal group number n2, value is equation len (x-1)2=(len-1) (Wt/Et+ 1) solution, wherein len is the sum of label, and reader issues a frame, the number of timeslots of frame For n2, label replys in frame；Reader detects responsive tags quantity in each time slot, finds out all number of labels less than expection , there is missing label in the corresponding packet label of these labels in the time slot of number of labels, iteration identifies these set of tags until team It is classified as sky, exports the call number of all missing labels.
2. lacking label identification method towards RFID known to missing number as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that step (2) in single missing tag recognition stage, include the following steps:
(21) tab end executes following steps: initial maximum call number and lowest index number, if it is respectively S, L；Enable n1It is lacked to be single Lose-submission label optimal group number, len are label number, that is, len=L-S+1 enables index for tab index number, and j=index-S +1；IfSo label should beA time slot is replied；IfSo label should be A time slot Reply, wherein mod (x, y) refer to x divided by the remainder of y,It is upper whole to be taken to x；
(22) label is divided into group by reader, ifWhen, then it sets a group number toSo that every group includes p label, Otherwise label is divided into n1A group, reader broadcasts a frame, and the timeslot number of frame is identical with labeled packet number；
(23) reader end is in identification process, if in preceding mod (len, n1) detect that responsive tags quantity is in a time slotUpdate the label section (S, L) where missing label；If in rear n1- mod (len, n1) sound is detected in a time slot Answering number of labels isUpdate the label section (S, L) where missing label.
3. lacking label identification method towards RFID known to missing number as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that step (3) it lacks in the tag recognition stage more, includes the following steps:
(31) tab end: initial maximum call number and lowest index number, if it is respectively S, L；Enable n1Label most optimal sorting is lacked to be single Group number, len are label number, that is, len=L-S+1 enables index for tab index number, and j=index-S+1；IfSo label isA time slot is replied；If So label isA time slot is replied, and wherein mod (x, y) refers to x divided by y's Remainder,It is upper whole to be taken to x；
(32) label is divided into group by reader, ifPacket count isSo that every group includes p label, it otherwise will mark Label are divided into n2A group；Reader broadcasts a frame, and the timeslot number of frame is identical with labeled packet number；
(33) reader is in identification process, if in preceding mod (len, n2) detect that responsive tags quantity is less than in a time slotThe section bound of this group of label is joined the team；If label is not responding to, indicate that the time slot interior label is all lost, then the group mark The section bound of label is all saved in another queue；If in rear n2- mod (len, n2) response mark is detected in a time slot Label quantity is less thanThe section bound of this group of label is joined the team；If label is not responding to, indicate that the time slot interior label is all lost It loses, then the section bound of this group of label is all saved in another queue.
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