CN110468776B - Device for enhancing river channel undercurrent exchange - Google Patents
Device for enhancing river channel undercurrent exchange Download PDFInfo
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- CN110468776B CN110468776B CN201910763006.7A CN201910763006A CN110468776B CN 110468776 B CN110468776 B CN 110468776B CN 201910763006 A CN201910763006 A CN 201910763006A CN 110468776 B CN110468776 B CN 110468776B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/281—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using inorganic sorbents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/283—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using coal, charred products, or inorganic mixtures containing them
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/02—Stream regulation, e.g. breaking up subaqueous rock, cleaning the beds of waterways, directing the water flow
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/105—Phosphorus compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Civil Engineering (AREA)
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- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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- Biological Treatment Of Waste Water (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device for enhancing river channel underflow exchange, which is arranged at the position of an underflow zone at the bottom of a river and comprises a front baffle and a rear baffle which are arranged in parallel with the cross section of the river, wherein a high conductivity structure and low conductivity structures positioned at two sides of the high conductivity structure are arranged in an area defined by the baffles and river banks at two sides, the low conductivity structures are positioned between the high conductivity structures and the baffles, and other spaces in the defined area are in-situ sediment areas filled with in-situ sediment. The invention promotes the water body to flow to cause the aggregation flow and the divergence flow by installing structures with different conductivity, thereby respectively causing the river under water gushing and the lower layer over water gushing, increasing the undercurrent exchange flux, promoting the decomposition of pollutants in the water body and playing a role in purification.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of river ecological restoration and treatment, and particularly relates to a device for enhancing river channel underflow exchange.
Background
Urban rainfall runoff pollution is one of important non-point source pollution, has the characteristics of randomness, universality, hysteresis, uncertainty and the like, and a large amount of pollutants such as suspended substances, nutrient substances, aerobic substances, bacteria and the like are gathered into a receiving water body through surface runoff and finally enter a river and lake reservoir to cause environmental problems such as water body pollution and the like.
Currently, there is a major trend towards reducing storm flows for treating urban non-point source pollution, ignoring pollutant abatement. Meanwhile, the mainstream technologies for treating the polluted river channel comprise physical methods such as artificial aeration and sediment dredging, but the method is high in installation cost, difficult to operate and maintain and expensive in sediment dredging, and can achieve a good pollution treatment effect in a short time, but the original natural environment of the river channel is destroyed, and long-term economic benefits are low; the chemical method comprises reinforced flocculation, chemical oxidation, chemical precipitation and the like, has obvious effect, but causes various uncertain factors due to the addition of chemical substances outside, and is easy to cause secondary pollution to the water body; the biological repair comprises phytoremediation, microbial remediation and the like, although the ecological environment is protected from being damaged by the plants planted in the river channel, the flood discharge effect of the river channel is hindered, hidden dangers are bought for urban safety, meanwhile, the degradation effect of the microbes is closely related to environmental factors, and the treatment effect is poor under most conditions.
The undercurrent zone is a natural bioreactor that can treat streams of non-point source pollution. Riverbed and riparian sediments provide redox conditions, contact between solutes and microorganisms, and longer residence times. This dynamic environment provides conditions for many important biochemical reactions, reducing excess pollutants in surface runoff, and is therefore referred to as river liver.
In summary, the underflow strips have the potential to mitigate non-point source pollution threatening urban streams, but limited flow and inefficient exchange often limit their water quality improvement. Therefore, the method develops the sediment of the river and enhances the exchange process of the surface water and the underground water of the river channel, and is a new idea for treating the river pollution.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a device for enhancing river channel underflow exchange.
The technical purpose is achieved, the technical effect is achieved, and the invention is realized through the following technical scheme:
the device is arranged at the position of an underflow zone at the bottom of a river and comprises a front baffle and a rear baffle which are arranged in parallel with the cross section of the river, a high-conductivity structure and low-conductivity structures positioned on two sides of the high-conductivity structure are arranged in an area defined by the baffles and river banks on two sides, the low-conductivity structures are positioned between the high-conductivity structures and the baffles, and other spaces in the defined area are in-situ sediment areas filled with in-situ sediment.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the vertical height of the low-conductivity structure is higher than that of the high-conductivity structure.
As a further improvement of the invention, the in-situ deposition area is located in a groove area defined by the high-conductivity structure and the low-conductivity structure, and in a gap between the baffle and the low-conductivity structure.
As a further improvement of the invention, the top surface of the in-situ deposition zone is flush with the low conductivity structure and is below the surface flow.
As a further improvement of the invention, the device also comprises a water-impermeable layer arranged at the bottom of the device.
As a further improvement of the invention, the device also comprises a clay layer, wherein the clay layer is laid along the river bank and is parallel to the water flow direction.
As a further improvement of the invention, the baffle is vertically arranged between the two river banks in a detachable mode.
As a further improvement of the invention, the high-conductivity structure is constructed by concrete or boulder, and the void ratio of the high-conductivity structure is required to be 0.01-0.05; the low-conductivity structure is constructed by adopting gravels, and the porosity of the low-conductivity structure is 0.4-0.5.
As a further improvement of the invention, the in-situ sediment is also doped with environment degradation biomass, including wood chips or biochar, and the porosity of the environment degradation biomass is 0.3-0.4.
The equipment for enhancing the exchange of the river channel underflow comprises 10-15 devices which are arranged in the river channel in a series connection mode.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. through the installation of structures with different conductivity, the flow of the water body is promoted to cause the aggregation flow and the divergence flow, thereby respectively causing the underwater surge of the river and the water surge of the lower layer, and increasing the exchange flux of the undercurrent.
2. The deposits provide redox conditions, contact between solutes and microorganisms, and longer residence times. The dynamic environment provides conditions for a plurality of important biogeochemical reactions, promotes the full reaction and explanation of various pollutants, and reduces the pollution load of the receiving water body.
3. The sediment does not directly contact the surface flow, the change of the sediment does not influence the flow of the river, the migration of the sediment and the migration of aquatic organisms, and the structure change caused by the river scouring can be prevented by covering the natural sediment. Meanwhile, the structure is constructed by adopting in-situ materials, so that the current situation of the natural environment is maintained to the maximum extent, and the adverse effect on the local ecological environment is avoided.
4. The wood dust, the biochar and other harmless substances are doped into the in-situ sediment, so that the degradation of nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants in the water body is promoted, and a new idea is provided for treating the nitrogen and phosphorus water body with higher concentration.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a transverse cross-sectional view of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of a channel scale layout according to the present invention;
the reference numerals in the drawings mean: 1. high conductivity structure, 2, in-situ deposit zone, 3, low conductivity structure, 4, impermeable layer, 5, barrier, 6, clay layer.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The following detailed description of the principles of the invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings.
The device for enhancing river channel underflow exchange of the invention as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2 is mainly installed in urban inland rivers or river channels with small flow. The device is arranged in an area isolated by a front baffle 5 and a rear baffle 5 which are arranged in parallel with the cross section of a river channel, a high conductivity structure 1 is arranged in the center of the isolated area, low conductivity structures 3 are arranged on two sides of the high conductivity structure 1, and an in-situ sediment area 2 filled with in-situ sediment is arranged in other spaces in the device area. Wherein the vertical height of the low-conductivity structure 3 is higher than that of the high-conductivity structure 1. Preferably, the vertical height of the low-conductivity structure 3 is twice that of the high-conductivity structure 1. The in-situ deposition zone 2 is located in a recess region defined by the high conductivity structure 1 and the low conductivity structure 3, and in a gap between the baffle 5 and the low conductivity structure 3.
The high-conductivity structure 1, the low-conductivity structure 3 and the in-situ sediment area 2 are installed by adopting materials with different porosity structures, so that the water body flow can be promoted to cause the aggregation flow and the divergence flow, and then the river water gush and the lower layer water gush are respectively caused, and the undercurrent exchange flux and the retention time of the water flow are increased.
In the embodiment of the invention, the high-conductivity structure 1 is constructed by concrete or boulder, and the void ratio is required to be 0.01-0.05; the low-conductivity structure 3 is constructed by gravels, and the void ratio is 0.4-0.5. The porosity of the filler in the in-situ sediment area 2 is required to be 0.3-0.4, the filler is filled by the sediment in the river bottom, and wood chips or biochar and other environment-degraded biomass are added into the filler for adjustment. Because the in-situ sediment zone 2 provides a place for contact between solutes and microorganisms, conditions are provided for many important biogeochemical reactions, sufficient reaction degradation of various pollutants, particularly nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants, is promoted, and the pollution load of a water body is reduced.
In addition, as shown in fig. 1, the top surface of the in-situ deposition region 2 in the inventive device is flush with the low conductivity structure 3 and is located below the surface flow. Therefore, the device can not influence the river flow, sediment migration and aquatic organism migration, and can prevent the river from scouring to cause structural change through the coverage of natural sediments.
The bottom of the device is also provided with a waterproof layer 4, and the side surface of the device, namely a clay layer 6 laid along the bank of a river. The device is used for preventing water flow from bypassing structures in the device in boundary areas where the water flow is lack of flow, and ensuring the proceeding of undercurrent exchange.
The specific installation mode of this device does: and when the water flow of the river is too large, a simple water blocking stone dam is installed at the upstream to control the flow, so that the water depth of the river at the installation area section is ensured to be not higher than 1 m. A cubic pit which is 3m long, spans a river channel in width and is 3m deep is dug at the position of a river bottom underflow zone, baffles 5 are placed into the pit in a direction parallel to the cross section of the river channel, the distance between the front baffles 5 and the rear baffles 5 is 3m, clay is paved on one surface of a river bank in the other group, and waterproof materials are paved on the bottom surface of the pit. Then, a high-conductivity structure 1 is built in the pit by using concrete or huge stones, a low-conductivity structure 3 is built by using gravels, then, the hollow gap in the pit is filled with in-situ sediments, the original state of the riverway is recovered, the gradient of the riverway is controlled to be 1% -2%, and the water flow can conveniently pass through and carry out undercurrent exchange. The baffle 5 is removed after the installation of the device is completed.
As shown in figure 3, 10-15 devices are installed in series in the river at appropriate intervals to achieve better pollutant removal.
Proved by verification, 10 devices of the invention are continuously installed in a small river channel with the length of about 50 m, the width of 3m and the average water depth of 1m, the flow of the downstream of each device can reach 0.51L/s on average, and the total flow of the downstream can reach 5.65L/s. The average hydraulic retention time of each device can reach 3.7 h, and the maximum total hydraulic retention time can reach 19 h. The removal rate of nitrate nitrogen in every device reaches 30 percent averagely, and for PO4 -The removal rate reaches 20%, and meanwhile, the copper-chromium composite material has a certain removal effect on heavy metal ions such as copper, mercury, chromium and the like.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles and broad features of the present invention and advantages thereof. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (7)
1. A device for enhancing river channel underflow exchange is arranged at the position of an underflow zone at the bottom of a river and is characterized in that: the river channel structure comprises a front baffle plate and a rear baffle plate (5) which are arranged in parallel with the cross section of a river channel, wherein a high-conductivity structure (1) and low-conductivity structures (3) positioned on two sides of the high-conductivity structure (1) are placed in an area defined by the baffle plates (5) and river banks on two sides, the low-conductivity structures (3) are positioned between the high-conductivity structure (1) and the baffle plates (5), and other spaces in the defined area are in-situ sediment areas (2) filled with in-situ sediment;
the vertical height of the low-conductivity structure (3) is higher than that of the high-conductivity structure (1); said in-situ deposit region (2) being located in a recessed region defined by said high conductivity structure (1) and said low conductivity structure (3), and in the gap between said baffle (5) and said low conductivity structure (3); the top surface of the in-situ deposition area (2) is flush with the low conductivity structure (3) and is located below the surface flow.
2. The device for enhancing river channel underflow exchange according to claim 1, wherein: also comprises a water-impermeable layer (4) arranged at the bottom of the device.
3. The device for enhancing river channel underflow exchange according to claim 1, wherein: the device also comprises a clay layer (6), wherein the clay layer (6) is laid along the river bank and is parallel to the water flow direction.
4. The device for enhancing river channel underflow exchange according to claim 1, wherein: the baffle (5) is vertically arranged with the river banks on the two sides in a detachable mode.
5. The device for enhancing river channel underflow exchange according to claim 1, wherein: the high-conductivity structure (1) is constructed by adopting concrete or boulder, and the void ratio of the high-conductivity structure is required to be 0.01-0.05; the low-conductivity structure (3) is constructed by adopting gravels, and the void ratio is 0.4-0.5.
6. The device for enhancing river channel underflow exchange according to claim 1, wherein: the in-situ sediment is also doped with environment degradation biomass, including wood chips or biochar, and the porosity of the environment degradation biomass is 0.3-0.4.
7. An equipment for enhancing river channel underflow exchange is characterized in that: comprising installing 10-15 devices according to any one of claims 1-6 in a series arrangement in a river.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910763006.7A CN110468776B (en) | 2019-08-19 | 2019-08-19 | Device for enhancing river channel undercurrent exchange |
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| CN201910763006.7A CN110468776B (en) | 2019-08-19 | 2019-08-19 | Device for enhancing river channel undercurrent exchange |
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| CN110468776A CN110468776A (en) | 2019-11-19 |
| CN110468776B true CN110468776B (en) | 2021-04-16 |
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Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112556985B (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2021-10-08 | 同济大学 | Riparian zone lateral undercurrent exchange simulation device with adjustable length and test method |
| CN113354190A (en) * | 2021-05-18 | 2021-09-07 | 中国环境科学研究院 | Ecological restoration device capable of enhancing submerged flow exchange of black and odorous water river |
| CN114112300B (en) * | 2021-11-22 | 2022-10-25 | 同济大学 | Tidal river beach lateral undercurrent exchange simulation device and test method |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201574397U (en) * | 2009-12-31 | 2010-09-08 | 华南理工大学 | Upright retaining wall type ecological slope protection |
| CN102730823A (en) * | 2012-07-10 | 2012-10-17 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 | Simulative nature river course water purification system |
| CN208120827U (en) * | 2018-01-11 | 2018-11-20 | 上海墨刻景观工程有限公司 | A kind of Landscape River ecological purification structure |
| CN109437477A (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2019-03-08 | 方涛 | A kind of river channel ecology environmental reconstruction system |
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- 2019-08-19 CN CN201910763006.7A patent/CN110468776B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201574397U (en) * | 2009-12-31 | 2010-09-08 | 华南理工大学 | Upright retaining wall type ecological slope protection |
| CN102730823A (en) * | 2012-07-10 | 2012-10-17 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 | Simulative nature river course water purification system |
| CN208120827U (en) * | 2018-01-11 | 2018-11-20 | 上海墨刻景观工程有限公司 | A kind of Landscape River ecological purification structure |
| CN109437477A (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2019-03-08 | 方涛 | A kind of river channel ecology environmental reconstruction system |
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