CN110468264A - A kind of raising fine measuring instrument, die steel dimensional stability treatment process - Google Patents
A kind of raising fine measuring instrument, die steel dimensional stability treatment process Download PDFInfo
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- CN110468264A CN110468264A CN201910841736.4A CN201910841736A CN110468264A CN 110468264 A CN110468264 A CN 110468264A CN 201910841736 A CN201910841736 A CN 201910841736A CN 110468264 A CN110468264 A CN 110468264A
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- dimensional stability
- measuring instrument
- room temperature
- die steel
- fine measuring
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
- C21D1/32—Soft annealing, e.g. spheroidising
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/04—Hardening by cooling below 0 degrees Celsius
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/005—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment of ferrous alloys
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- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
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- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of raising fine measuring instrument, die steel dimensional stability treatment process, by recycling more than twice, controllable subzero treatment, makes most Transformation of Retained Austenite martensites, significantly reduces residual austenite content, improve dimensional stability；Subzero treatment and then progress lonneal, reduce martensite internal stress, stabilizing tissue eliminates internal stress with further stable residual austenite, its dimensional stability is improved, and keeps the original high rigidity of high-accuracy measurer, mold and high-intensitive, is had broad application prospects and economic value.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to steel processing technology, it is related to a kind of raising fine measuring instrument, die steel dimensional stability processing work
Skill.
Background technique
Dimensional stability is kept its original size and shape for characterizing material in certain circumstances after a period of time
Ability.For precision components such as tool, mold, measurer, bearings, to guarantee its high rigidity, high-wearing feature and high-dimensional stability,
Frequently with high-strength materials such as high-carbon steel, high-alloy steel, it is prepared through " quenching+tempering " technique, to reach to usability
It is required that.
For example, patent of invention CN108588370A discloses a kind of heat for improving 8Cr4Mo4V bearing steel dimensional stability
Processing method using " quenching+tempering " technique, then is aided with cold treatment (- 50 DEG C~-70 DEG C), to a certain extent, improves
The dimensional stability of 8Cr4Mo4V bearing parts.Under normal conditions, high-carbon steel, high-alloy steel be after " quenching+tempering " technique,
Contain a certain amount of retained austenite in microstructure.The tissue be metastable state, part store for a long time or use process in meeting
It undergoes phase transition to form martensite.Since the specific volume (or thermal expansion coefficient) of diverse microcosmic tissue has differences, retained austenite turns
Become martensite, the macro-size stability of part is necessarily caused to change, generates size distortion.When distortion degree is larger,
It will lead to part failure, or even cause safety accident.On the other hand, internal stress is generated in phase transition process, can also cause part ruler
Very little distortion significantly affects precision component dimensional stability.Fine measuring instrument/mold is in use or long-time placement process, it is necessary to
Tight tolerance is kept, avoids generating size distortion.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of that present invention to provide a kind of raising fine measuring instruments, die steel dimensional stability treatment process, improve essence
Close steel part steel dimensions stability, while keeping the original high rigidity of steel and high-wearing feature.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that:
A kind of raising fine measuring instrument, die steel dimensional stability treatment process, comprising the following steps:
(1) fine measuring instrument, die steel sample are quenched through higher temperature solid solution, high temperature forging, heat treatment in advance, two-phase section
Behind fiery place, oil is cooled to room temperature；
(2) after step (1) is cooled to room temperature, without tempering, be cooled to immediately with 0.5~2 DEG C/min cooling velocity-
196 DEG C, heat preservation 2h~for 24 hours is returned later and is warmed to room temperature, speed control of rising again in 5~10 DEG C/min, repetitive operation step (2) 1~
3 times；
(3) it returns after warming to room temperature, lonneal processing is carried out to sample, tempering temperature is 140 DEG C~170 DEG C, heat preservation 2~
4h finally comes out of the stove and is air-cooled to room temperature, completes stabilizing treatment technique.
Further, heat treatment in advance uses annealing process in the step (1).
Further, it is cooled down in the step (2) using liquid nitrogen temperature control.
Further, the fine measuring instrument, die steel GCr15, CrWMn, 9Mn2V or Cr12MnV.
The present invention improves fine measuring instrument, die steel dimensional stability treatment process, by recycling more than twice, controllably
Subzero treatment makes most Transformation of Retained Austenite martensites, significantly reduces residual austenite content, improves dimensionally stable
Property；Subzero treatment and then progress lonneal, reduce martensite internal stress, stabilizing tissue, with further stable residual Ovshinsky
Body eliminates internal stress, improves its dimensional stability, and keeps the original high rigidity of high-accuracy measurer, mold and high intensity.
There are three present invention raising fine measuring instruments, mould parts dimensional stability key governing factor:
(1) technique precedence controls: quenched sample should carry out cyclic cryogenic treatment more than twice first, secondly,
Tempering is carried out again, and order can not overturn；
(2) cryogenic treatment process controls: in a manner of controllable, Slow cooling, slowly rising again, by recycling more than twice
Cryogenic treatment process reduces residual austenite content, stabilizing tissue；
(3) tempering technology controlling and process: strict control tempering temperature and time, it is ensured that stable residual austenite structure, drop
Low martensitic internal stress, further stabilizing tissue improve precision component, especially fine measuring instrument, mould parts dimensional stability,
The original high rigidity of sample and high-wearing feature are kept simultaneously, which has boundless application prospect and economic value.
Fig. 1 is that the GCr15 steel retained austenite XRD after two kinds of process tests map；
Fig. 2 is that GCr15 steel is schemed through process for stabilizing treated SEM.
Specific embodiment
Present invention is further described in detail combined with specific embodiments below, but not as a limitation of the invention.
The present invention improves fine measuring instrument, die steel dimensional stability treatment process, the specific steps are as follows:
(1) fine measuring instruments such as GCr15, CrWMn, 9Mn2V, Cr12MnV, mould parts steel are through higher temperature solid solution, height
Warm forging makes, heat treatment in advance, at two-phase section quenching after, oil is cooled to room temperature, without tempering, carries out at -196 DEG C of deep coolings immediately
Reason.
(2) cold treatment process is cooling using liquid nitrogen temperature control, 0.5~2 DEG C/min of cooling velocity, is cooled to -196 DEG C, heat preservation
2h~for 24 hours.It returns and warms to room temperature later, speed control of rising again is in 5~10 DEG C/min.The repetitive operation step 1~3 time.
(3) return after warming to room temperature, to sample carry out lonneal processing, tempering temperature control 140 DEG C~170 DEG C it
Between, 2~4h is kept the temperature, finally comes out of the stove and is air-cooled to room temperature, completes stabilizing treatment technique.
Wherein, committed step is as follows:
In step 1, not direct tempering after part is quenched, but carry out cyclic cryogenic treatment more than twice, it is ensured that it is big
Portion of residual austenite is changed into martensite, influences retained austenite to avoid pre- tempering process and turns in subsequent subzero treatment
Become.After subzero treatment, then lonneal processing is carried out, there are two main purposes: (1) not yet transformation completely being stabilized by tempering
Retained austenite, improve dimensional stability；(2) martensite internal stress is reduced, tissue is stabilized, it is steady to further increase size
It is qualitative.Meanwhile its hardness and wearability also can be improved while guaranteeing precision instrument/die size stability in the technique.
Embodiment 1
Material is die steel Cr12MnV, weight 15Kg.
(1) steel ingot is quenched through higher temperature solid solution, high temperature forging, spheroidizing, two-phase section first, and oil is cooled to room
Temperature.
(2) after being quickly quenching into room temperature, directly progress subzero treatment, specifically comprises the processes of: it is begun to cool from room temperature, using liquid
The nitrogen temperature control type of cooling, 1.5 DEG C/min of cooling velocity are cooled to -196 DEG C, keep the temperature 12h；Later, it returns and warms to room temperature, speed of rising again
Degree is 10 DEG C/min.Repetitive operation step 2 time.
(3) it returns after warming to room temperature, lonneal processing is carried out to sample, tempering temperature is 160 DEG C, keeps the temperature 4h, finally goes out
Furnace is air-cooled to room temperature.
In Fig. 1, wherein (a) is map after dimensional stability process of the present invention, scheme after (b) being handled for traditional handicraft
Spectrum, to treated, sample is tested, and residual austenite content is lower than 1%, as shown in figure 1 (a) map, shown in Fig. 2.After processing
Sample hardness is 63HRC, and after accelerated ageing treatment, measurement size changing rate is+1.3 × 10-5Mm/mm, dimensionally stable
Property significantly improves.
As a comparison, same material is chosen, if only carrying out quenching+tempering processing without subzero treatment, (that is, only
Step 1, step 3 process, no step 2).Finally, residual austenite content is 10% or more in sample, (b) map institute as shown in figure 1
Show, sample hardness 56HRC, size changing rate is+5.6 × 10-5Mm/mm.
Embodiment 2
Material is gauge steel CrWMn, weight 12Kg.
(1) steel ingot first through higher temperature solid solution, high temperature forging, heat treatment in advance or spheroidizing, two-phase section quenching at
Reason, oil are cooled to room temperature.
(2) after being quickly quenching into room temperature, directly progress subzero treatment, specifically comprises the processes of: it is begun to cool from room temperature, using liquid
The nitrogen temperature control type of cooling, 2 DEG C/min of cooling velocity are cooled to -196 DEG C, keep the temperature 6h；Later, it returns and warms to room temperature, speed of rising again is
5℃/min.Repetitive operation step 1 time.
(3) it returns after warming to room temperature, lonneal processing is carried out to sample, tempering temperature is 170 DEG C, keeps the temperature 3h, finally goes out
Furnace is air-cooled to room temperature.
To treated, sample is tested, and residual austenite content is lower than 1%, hardness 61HRC, at accelerated timeliness
After reason, measurement size changing rate is+1.1 × 10-5Mm/mm, dimensional stability significantly improve.
Embodiment 3
Material is gauge steel GCr15, weight 10Kg.
(1) steel ingot first through higher temperature solid solution, high temperature forging, heat treatment in advance or spheroidizing, two-phase section quenching at
Reason, oil are cooled to room temperature.
(2) after being quickly quenching into room temperature, directly progress subzero treatment, specifically comprises the processes of: it is begun to cool from room temperature, using liquid
The nitrogen temperature control type of cooling, 0.5 DEG C/min of cooling velocity are cooled to -196 DEG C, and heat preservation is for 24 hours；Later, it returns and warms to room temperature, speed of rising again
Degree is 10 DEG C/min.Repetitive operation step 1 time.
(3) it returns after warming to room temperature, lonneal processing is carried out to sample, tempering temperature is 180 DEG C, keeps the temperature 6h, finally goes out
Furnace is air-cooled to room temperature.
To treated, sample is tested, and residual austenite content is lower than 1%, hardness 60HRC, at accelerated timeliness
After reason, measurement size changing rate is+1.5 × 10-5Mm/mm, dimensional stability significantly improve.
Embodiment 4
Material is gauge steel GCr15, weight 10Kg.
(1) steel ingot first through higher temperature solid solution, high temperature forging, heat treatment in advance or spheroidizing, two-phase section quenching at
Reason, oil are cooled to room temperature.
(2) after being quickly quenching into room temperature, directly progress subzero treatment, specifically comprises the processes of: it is begun to cool from room temperature, using liquid
The nitrogen temperature control type of cooling, 0.5 DEG C/min of cooling velocity are cooled to -196 DEG C, keep the temperature 2h；Later, it returns and warms to room temperature, speed of rising again
For 7 DEG C/min.Repetitive operation step 3 time.
(3) it returns after warming to room temperature, lonneal processing is carried out to sample, tempering temperature is 140 DEG C, keeps the temperature 2h, finally goes out
Furnace is air-cooled to room temperature.
Finally it should be noted that: the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical scheme of the present invention rather than its limitations, to the greatest extent
Pipe is described the invention in detail referring to above-described embodiment, it should be understood by those ordinary skilled in the art that: still may be used
With modifications or equivalent substitutions are made to specific embodiments of the invention, and repaired without departing from any of spirit and scope of the invention
Change or equivalent replacement, should all cover in present claims range.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of raising fine measuring instrument, die steel dimensional stability treatment process, it is characterised in that the following steps are included:
(1) at by fine measuring instrument, die steel sample through higher temperature solid solution, high temperature forging, heat treatment in advance, two-phase section quenching
Afterwards, oil is cooled to room temperature；
(2) after step (1) is cooled to room temperature, without tempering, -196 are cooled to 0.5~2 DEG C/min cooling velocity immediately
DEG C, heat preservation 2h~for 24 hours, it returns warm to room temperature later, speed control of rising again is in 5~10 DEG C/min, repetitive operation step (2) 1~3
It is secondary；
(3) it returns after warming to room temperature, lonneal processing is carried out to sample, tempering temperature is 140 DEG C~170 DEG C, 2~4h is kept the temperature,
It finally comes out of the stove and is air-cooled to room temperature, complete stabilizing treatment technique.
2. raising fine measuring instrument according to claim 1, die steel dimensional stability treatment process, it is characterised in that:
Heat treatment in advance uses annealing process in the step (1).
3. raising fine measuring instrument according to claim 1, die steel dimensional stability treatment process, it is characterised in that:
It is cooled down in the step (2) using liquid nitrogen temperature control.
4. raising fine measuring instrument according to claim 1, die steel dimensional stability treatment process, it is characterised in that:
The fine measuring instrument, die steel GCr15, CrWMn, 9Mn2V or Cr12MnV.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111440929A (en) * | 2020-04-10 | 2020-07-24 | 合肥通用机械研究院有限公司 | Design and manufacturing method of high-pressure hydrogen-contacting self-tightening combined sealing element |
| CN114480797A (en) * | 2022-01-27 | 2022-05-13 | 石狮市汇星机械有限公司 | Heat treatment process method for producing knitting machine cam by using GCr15 steel |
| CN114574670A (en) * | 2022-02-23 | 2022-06-03 | 江苏力星通用钢球股份有限公司 | Process for reducing heat treatment residual austenite of long-service-life precision cylindrical roller |
| CN114592113A (en) * | 2022-01-20 | 2022-06-07 | 合肥力和机械有限公司 | Micro steel ball for inducing martensite phase to generate and cryogenic treatment process |
| CN115261578A (en) * | 2022-08-29 | 2022-11-01 | 上海电气上重铸锻有限公司 | Dimension stabilizing treatment method for ultra-large heterogeneous piece |
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| CN101935752A (en) * | 2010-08-03 | 2011-01-05 | 洛阳Lyc轴承有限公司 | Thermal treatment technology of high-nitrogen stainless bearing steel |
| CN104057255A (en) * | 2014-06-26 | 2014-09-24 | 无锡市崇安区科技创业服务中心 | Manufacturing process of GCr15 steel precision bearing ring |
| KR101575973B1 (en) * | 2014-07-30 | 2015-12-08 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | Method for heating-treat a die steel |
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2019
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Patent Citations (3)
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| CN101935752A (en) * | 2010-08-03 | 2011-01-05 | 洛阳Lyc轴承有限公司 | Thermal treatment technology of high-nitrogen stainless bearing steel |
| CN104057255A (en) * | 2014-06-26 | 2014-09-24 | 无锡市崇安区科技创业服务中心 | Manufacturing process of GCr15 steel precision bearing ring |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111440929A (en) * | 2020-04-10 | 2020-07-24 | 合肥通用机械研究院有限公司 | Design and manufacturing method of high-pressure hydrogen-contacting self-tightening combined sealing element |
| CN111440929B (en) * | 2020-04-10 | 2021-11-12 | 合肥通用机械研究院有限公司 | Design and manufacturing method of high-pressure hydrogen-contacting self-tightening combined sealing element |
| CN114592113A (en) * | 2022-01-20 | 2022-06-07 | 合肥力和机械有限公司 | Micro steel ball for inducing martensite phase to generate and cryogenic treatment process |
| CN114480797A (en) * | 2022-01-27 | 2022-05-13 | 石狮市汇星机械有限公司 | Heat treatment process method for producing knitting machine cam by using GCr15 steel |
| CN114574670A (en) * | 2022-02-23 | 2022-06-03 | 江苏力星通用钢球股份有限公司 | Process for reducing heat treatment residual austenite of long-service-life precision cylindrical roller |
| CN115261578A (en) * | 2022-08-29 | 2022-11-01 | 上海电气上重铸锻有限公司 | Dimension stabilizing treatment method for ultra-large heterogeneous piece |
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