CN110468217B - SNP molecular marker related to pH and drip loss traits of pig muscle and application thereof - Google Patents

SNP molecular marker related to pH and drip loss traits of pig muscle and application thereof Download PDF

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CN110468217B
CN110468217B CN201910858804.8A CN201910858804A CN110468217B CN 110468217 B CN110468217 B CN 110468217B CN 201910858804 A CN201910858804 A CN 201910858804A CN 110468217 B CN110468217 B CN 110468217B
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陈晨
崔清明
张星
罗璇
谢菊兰
邓缘
朱吉
任慧波
胡雄贵
刘莹莹
左剑波
彭英林
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HUNAN INSTITUTE OF ANIMAL AND VETERINARY SCIENCE
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Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of pig molecular marker preparation, and relates to an SNP molecular marker related to pig muscle pH and drip loss traits and application thereof, wherein a nucleotide sequence of the SNP molecular marker is a specific DNA fragment obtained by cloning a second exon region of a pig KLF5 gene, the DNA fragment has 528bp in total, and the 160bp part and the 436bp part in the sequence are both A/G mutation. The invention clones a specific DNA fragment from the exon region of the porcine KLF5 gene, searches SNP sites, establishes a corresponding detection method and provides a new molecular marker for the breeding of the meat quality traits of the pigs.

Description

SNP molecular marker related to pH and drip loss traits of pig muscle and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of pig molecular marker preparation, relates to an SNP molecular marker related to pig muscle pH and drip loss traits and application thereof, and particularly relates to a single nucleotide polymorphic site of a pig KLF5 gene as a molecular marker related to pig pH and drip loss traits and application thereof.
Background
The improvement is open, the breeding work of domestic pigs obtains remarkable achievement, the growth speed of commercial pigs is continuously accelerated, and the carcass lean meat percentage is continuously improved. However, the meat has a rough taste and the muscle quality is reduced. With the improvement of living standard and the transformation of nutrition concept of people, the pork market in China is developing to the demand of high-quality meat. Therefore, breeding better high-quality pork pigs is an important subject in front of breeding scientists.
The pork quality character is influenced by one or more quantitative character sites, and the selection is difficult to carry out by adopting a conventional breeding method. With the development of molecular biology technology, technologies such as protein markers, DNA fingerprint markers, microsatellite markers, Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs), and the like are increasingly applied to the actual production of pig breeding. SNP mainly refers to genetic markers formed on a genome due to variation of single nucleotide, the number of the genetic markers is large, polymorphism is abundant, and PCR-RFLP is one of the main detection methods. The technology is combined with the conventional breeding technology, so that the manpower and material resources are reduced, the breeding efficiency is improved, and the breeding process is accelerated.
Krapple-like factors (KLFs) are a transcription factor family containing C2H2 zinc finger structures, and the KLFs are different in functions due to the difference of amino acid sequences of KLF family members in a non-DNA binding region, and participate in the growth, proliferation and differentiation of cells as the transcription factors, and further participate in the development and differentiation of various tissues and organs. The research shows that KLF5 is involved in the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells by regulating the expression of a plurality of downstream target genes. However, the regulatory mechanism of KLF5 in skeletal muscle has not been reported.
Indexes such as pH value and drip loss of pork are closely related to muscle quality, so that genes related to meat quality indexes such as pH value can be used as candidate genes for improving meat quality traits.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems in the background technology, the invention clones a specific DNA fragment from the exon region of the porcine KLF5 gene, searches SNP sites, establishes a corresponding detection method and provides a new molecular marker for the breeding of the meat quality traits of the pigs.
An SNP molecular marker related to the porcine muscle pH and drip loss traits, wherein the nucleotide sequence of the SNP molecular marker is a specific DNA fragment obtained by cloning an exon region of a porcine KLF5 gene, the DNA fragment has 528bp in total, and the A/G mutation exists at the 160bp position and the 436bp position in the sequence.
And (3) amplifying the molecular marker by using a primer pair, wherein the primer pair comprises:
F：CGTAACCCACATCAAGACC；
R：GCAATCGTAGCAGCATAG。
the molecular marker is applied to breeding of high-quality pork.
The molecular marker is applied to the detection of the pH value and the drip loss content of the pig muscle.
The primer pair is applied to breeding of high-quality pork.
The primer pair is applied to detection of pH of pig muscle and drip loss content.
The invention has the advantages that:
the invention provides an SNP molecular marker related to pig muscle pH and drip loss traits and application thereof, wherein a nucleotide sequence of the SNP molecular marker is a specific DNA fragment obtained by cloning a pig KLF5 gene exon region, the DNA fragment is 528bp in total, and the 160bp part and the 436bp part in the sequence are A/G mutation. The method of the invention amplifies the exon sequence of the pig genome DNA by conservative primer design, the obtained segment contains two A/G mutations, and the two mutations are carried out simultaneously. And detecting important economic character-meat quality character of the pig by utilizing polymorphism of the Tsp45I enzyme cutting site caused by one mutation site. Experiments prove that the mutation site is obviously related to the pork quality character, and the method for detecting the pork quality character by using the mutation site is very accurate, simple and convenient. The method can be used for detecting the characters of the pig, such as pH, water drop loss content and the like, which reflect the muscle quality, thereby providing a new method for detecting the genetic characters of the pig for molecular breeding of the pig and playing an important role in the breeding of the pig. The invention adopts a simple and fast sequencing method to search SNPs mutation sites existing in KLF5 target gene segments, searches the mutation sites existing in the target segments through primer design, PCR amplification, segment sequencing and comparative analysis of data results, and performs correlation analysis with meat indexes such as pH value of pigs, drip loss intramuscular fat and the like, thereby providing a new molecular marker for high-quality pork breeding.
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FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the results of 1.0% agarose gel electrophoresis detection of the PCR amplification product of the target fragment of the KLF5 gene of the present invention: in the figure: m: 100bp DNAladder Marker, lanes 1-4: amplifying the fragments;
FIG. 2 shows the comparison of the sequences of the target fragments of the KLF5 gene of about Ke pig, Bake Xia pig, Sand pig, Bama Xiang pig and Bingzi pig, in which the bold English letters indicate the SNP sites;
FIG. 3 shows the electrophoresis of Tsp45I at the KLF5 gene mutation site: in the figure: m: 100bp DNA Ladder Marker, lane 1: AA-GG genotype, lanes 2, 3: AG-AG genotype, lane 4: GG-AA genotype.
FIG. 4 is a sequencing map of detecting the mutation site at 160bp of the target fragment of the KLF5 gene in the invention;
FIG. 5 is a sequencing map of detecting the mutation site at 436bp of the target fragment of KLF5 gene in the invention.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention is further explained below with reference to specific examples, but the present invention is not limited to these specific examples.
The invention provides an SNP molecular marker related to the pH of pig muscle and drip loss traits, wherein the nucleotide sequence of the SNP molecular marker is a specific DNA fragment obtained by cloning an exon region of a pig KLF5 gene, the DNA fragment has 528bp in total, and the 160bp part and the 436bp part in the sequence are both A/G mutation.
Meanwhile, the invention also provides a detection method, which is to detect two base mutation sites existing on 528bp amplification fragments of porcine KLF5 gene, wherein one site is at 160bp position of a target fragment, and the other site is at 436bp position of the target fragment, the sites are both A/G mutation, the two mutations have relativity, the genotype of the pig is determined through the bases, and then the meat quality character is determined through the genotype. The method for determining the pig genotype comprises the following steps: when the base at 160bp is A, the base at 436bp is G; when the base at 160bp is G, the base at 436bp is A. Two basic groups are changed simultaneously, and three types exist, namely AA-GG, AG-AG and GG-AA. Detecting whether the base positions of 160bp and 436bp of the target fragment are A or G to determine the genotype type, wherein the method comprises the steps of obtaining an amplification product of the target fragment by PCR amplification, sequencing the amplification product or cutting the amplification product by Tsp45I enzyme (a restriction enzyme exists nearby when the base position of 436bp is G). Tsp45I enzyme-cut amplified fragments, if two fragments of 92bp and 436bp are obtained, the genotype is AA-GG, and if one fragment of 528bp is obtained, the genotype is GG-AA; if three fragments of 92bp, 436bp and 528bp are obtained, the genotype is AG-AG.
In order to make the method simpler and more efficient, the detection method of the fragment obtained after enzyme digestion is agarose gel electrophoresis detection.
1. Establishment of method for detecting pork quality characters by RFLP polymorphism
Designing a primer at the gene mutation site, and carrying out SNP typing by adopting a Tsp45I-RFLP method, wherein the sequence of the primer is shown in a table 1.
TABLE 1 primer sequences
Figure BDA0002199098600000031
DNA samples for gene polymorphism detection were from 5 swine herds, see Table 2. Extracting genome DNA by using a kit, and storing at-20 ℃.
TABLE 2 herd and sample number
Figure BDA0002199098600000032
Figure BDA0002199098600000041
PCR amplification conditions:
PCR amplification system 20. mu.L: 1 mu L of DNA template, 0.5 mu L of each of the upstream primer and the downstream primer, 8 mu L of double distilled water and 10 mu L of 2 XTaq PCR Master Mix; PCR amplification procedure: pre-denaturation at 94 deg.C for 5min, denaturation at 94 deg.C for 30s, annealing at 58 deg.C for 30s, extension at 72 deg.C for 30s, 2-4 steps for 34 cycles, extension at 72 deg.C for 5min, and storage at 4 deg.C; the PCR amplification products were detected by 1.0% agarose gel electrophoresis, and the results are shown in FIG. 1.
Sequencing a target fragment:
and (4) sending the target fragment obtained by the last step of amplification to a company for sequencing to obtain the sequence of the target fragment. The comparison result of the KLF5 gene target fragment sequences of different pig species such as York pigs, Baker pigs, Sand-ridge pigs, Bama pigs and Dazhong pigs is shown in figure 2, wherein the bold English letters in the figure represent SNP sites.
Tsp45I-RFLP detection:
the PCR product was digested with Tsp45I in a volume of 31. mu.L, wherein the PCR amplification product was 10. mu.L, nucleic-free water 18. mu.L, 10 XBuffer R2. mu.L, and the restriction enzyme was 1. mu.L (10U), and the sample was mixed and centrifuged, and incubated at 37 ℃ for 16 hours.
The cleavage result was checked by 2% agarose gel electrophoresis, the genotype was recorded, and the results were photographed by a gel imaging system and shown in FIG. 3.
The result shows that the DNA fragment with the length of 528bp is obtained by utilizing the primer pair KLF5 gene amplification. Through sequencing, mutation sites with bases of A or G at 160bp and 436bp of the target fragment are shown in a figure 4 and a figure 5, a suitable restriction enzyme Tsp45I is searched according to the bases of A or G at 436bp, and then Tsp45I-RFLP is carried out to detect polymorphic sites.
The porcine KLF5 gene was used as a study subject, 5 herds (270 pigs in total) were used as test subjects, and ear tissues were collected to extract DNA, wherein the porcine KLF5 was approximately one pig, the Barkha pig was approximately 62 pigs were approximately one pig, the Sand ridge pig was approximately 45 pigs were approximately one pig, the Bama miniature pig was approximately 30 pigs were approximately one pig, and the Bingzi pig was approximately 55 pigs were approximately one pig. The gene frequency and genotype frequency of the A/G locus at 436bp of the KLF5 gene are detected, and the genetic structure of the KLF5 gene is analyzed.
The results of detecting polymorphic sites by Tsp45I-RFLP are shown in Table 3. As can be seen from Table 3, in the 5 pig species tested, both the AA-GG genotype and the A-G allele predominated, but in the sand-ridge pigs the GG-AA genotype was not detected at all.
TABLE 3 distribution of Tsp45I-RFLP polymorphisms in 5 herds
Figure BDA0002199098600000042
Figure BDA0002199098600000051
2. Correlation analysis of genotype and meat quality traits
Test swinery: selecting a ternary hybrid variety, namely a white pig, a Barkha pig and a sand ridge pig (called big Barsha for short), and selecting 200 piglets with similar birth dates and consistent growth as a test swinery after the piglets are weaned. When the weight of the test swinery reaches about 100kg, slaughtering, detecting the genotype according to the method of the step 1), and detecting the meat quality character according to the following method.
The meat quality character detection method comprises the following steps:
pH: 45 minutes after slaughter (pH)1) And 24 hours (pH)24) The pH value of the dorsocaudal longissimus thoracolumbar junction was measured with an acidimeter, respectively.
Drip loss: taking the longissimus dorsi at the 3-4 th thoracic vertebra from the last within 2 hours after slaughtering, removing fascia and fat tissues, cutting into meat samples of 2cm multiplied by 4cm (height multiplied by width multiplied by length) along the muscle fiber direction, placing the meat samples on an electronic balance for weighing, hooking one end of the meat samples by a binding wire, enabling the muscle fiber to be vertically hung downwards in a disposable plastic cup and placing the disposable plastic cup in an aerated polyethylene food bag, and tightly tying the mouth of the bag to avoid the meat samples from contacting with the cup wall. Storing at 2-4 deg.C for 48 hr, taking out meat sample, slightly sucking residual liquid on the surface of meat sample with filter paper, weighing on electronic balance, and dividing the difference between the front and back weight by the weight of fresh meat to obtain drip loss.
Correlation analysis of different genotypes and pork quality traits (pH, drip loss) data processing and statistical analysis were performed using the GLM program of SAS version 9.4, using the model: yijk ═ μ + Bi + Gj + epsilon ijk. Where YIjk is the phenotypic value, μ is the mean, Bi is the combined effect, Gj is the genotypic effect, and ε ijk is the random error.
The results show that: pH1 and pH of AA-GG genotype24Is significantly higher than GG-AA type (P)<0.05), but the AA-GG and GG-AA types have no significant difference with the AG-AG type (P)>0.05); the water drop loss of AA-GG genotype is significantly higher than that of AG-AG and GG-AA (P)<0.05). (the invention also statistically analyzes other meat quality character indexes, and only lists the indexes with obvious difference).
TABLE 4 correlation analysis of pig genotype and meat quality traits
Figure BDA0002199098600000052
Data in the same column are marked with different letters to indicate significant difference (P < 0.05); shoulder marks with the same letter or no letter designation indicate no significant difference (P > 0.05).
Sequence listing
<110> animal husbandry veterinary institute of Hunan province
<120> SNP molecular marker related to pig muscle pH and drip loss traits and application thereof
<160> 2
<170> SIPOSequenceListing 1.0
<210> 1
<211> 19
<212> DNA
<213> Artificial Sequence (Artificial Sequence)
<400> 1
cgtaacccac atcaagacc 19
<210> 2
<211> 18
<212> DNA
<213> Artificial Sequence (Artificial Sequence)
<400> 2
gcaatcgtag cagcatag 18

Claims (1)

1. The application of the SNP molecular marker in the detection of the pH and the drip loss content of the pig muscle is characterized in that: the nucleotide sequence of the SNP molecular marker is a specific DNA fragment obtained by cloning an exon region of a porcine KLF5 gene, the DNA fragment is 528bp in total, wherein the 160bp and the 436bp in the sequence are both A/G mutation, and a primer pair for amplifying the SNP molecular marker is as follows:
F：CGTAACCCACATCAAGACC；
R：GCAATCGTAGCAGCATAG。
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CN113718041B (en) * 2021-08-30 2023-06-30 福建省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所 SNP molecular marker related to muscle drip loss character of meat rabbits and application thereof
CN114045350B (en) * 2021-12-14 2023-08-01 华中农业大学 SNP molecular marker associated with pig muscle drip loss character and application thereof
CN114350821B (en) * 2022-01-20 2023-10-03 湖北省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所 Molecular marker related to pig muscle pH value and lean meat percentage and application thereof

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