CN110467162B - Novel graphite-phase carbon nitride polymer material and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Novel graphite-phase carbon nitride polymer material and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110467162B CN110467162B CN201910774055.0A CN201910774055A CN110467162B CN 110467162 B CN110467162 B CN 110467162B CN 201910774055 A CN201910774055 A CN 201910774055A CN 110467162 B CN110467162 B CN 110467162B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J27/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
- B01J27/24—Nitrogen compounds
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- B01J35/39—
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B21/00—Nitrogen; Compounds thereof
- C01B21/06—Binary compounds of nitrogen with metals, with silicon, or with boron, or with carbon, i.e. nitrides; Compounds of nitrogen with more than one metal, silicon or boron
- C01B21/0605—Binary compounds of nitrogen with carbon
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
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- C25B1/50—Processes
- C25B1/55—Photoelectrolysis
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- C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
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- C25B11/051—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier
- C25B11/073—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material
- C25B11/075—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material consisting of a single catalytic element or catalytic compound
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2305/00—Use of specific compounds during water treatment
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
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Abstract
The invention discloses a novel graphite-phase carbon nitride polymer material and a preparation method and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of functional materials. The carbon nitride material has a layered structure and good crystallinity, and has a chemical formula of g-C 3 N 3 The polymer material can be peeled into a single layer or few layers of two-dimensional material by chemical or mechanical methods. The preparation method of the graphite phase carbon nitride polymer comprises the following steps: under the protection of inert gas or air, taking a proper amount of monomer as a reactant, shearing a metal sheet with a proper size, ultrasonically cleaning with water and an organic solvent, drying, adding into a reactor, properly placing the metal sheet, heating to 180-300 ℃ and keeping the temperature for no more than 48 hours, cooling, and obtaining the CN polymer as a sheet-shaped object loaded on the surface of the metal sheet. The preparation method has simple steps, high yield and low raw material price. In addition, the material can be used for various purposes such as electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution, photoelectrocatalytic hydrogen evolution, hydrogen production by photolysis of water, oxygen production by pollutant decomposition and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of functional materials, and particularly relates to a novel graphite-phase carbon nitride polymer material and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Polymer semiconductor graphite phase carbon nitride (g-C) 3 N 4 ) Due to their unique semiconductorsThe visible light photocatalyst with an energy band structure and excellent chemical stability is introduced into the field of photocatalysis as a visible light photocatalyst without metal components, is used for photolyzing water to produce hydrogen and oxygen, performing photocatalytic organic selective synthesis, performing photocatalytic degradation on organic pollutants and the like, and attracts people's extensive attention. However, g-C 3 N 4 The photocatalyst has some problems, such as small specific surface area, high exciton binding energy for generating a photon-generated carrier, serious photon-hole recombination, low quantum efficiency, larger forbidden band width, incapability of effectively utilizing sunlight and the like, and seriously restricts the large-scale popularization and application of the photocatalyst in the fields of energy and environmental photoelectrocatalysis.
Therefore, it is a great topic of researchers to improve the performance of the carbon nitride material in the field of photoelectrocatalysis by improving the manufacturing process.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems or defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a novel graphite-phase carbon nitride polymer material, and a preparation method and application thereof. The novel graphite-phase carbon nitride polymer material prepared by the method can be used for electro-catalysis hydrogen evolution, photoelectrocatalysis hydrogen evolution, hydrogen production by photolysis of water to produce oxygen, pollutant decomposition by photocatalytic degradation and the like.
In order to achieve the first object of the present invention, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
a novel graphite-phase carbon nitride polymer material has a layered structure and good crystallinity and has a chemical formula of g-C 3 N 3 The carbon nitride polymer material can be peeled into a single-layer or few-layer two-dimensional material by a chemical or mechanical method, and the structural unit of the single-layer structure is shown as a formula I, wherein: the dotted lines are the connecting bonds between the structural units.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a preparation method of the novel graphite phase carbon nitride polymer material, which is obtained by carrying out polymerization reaction on reaction monomers under the action of a metal catalyst at a constant temperature of 180-300 ℃. The method comprises the following specific steps:
adding a proper amount of reaction monomers and clean and dry metal sheets into a reactor in sequence, sealing the reactor, transferring the reactor into heating equipment, heating the reactor to 180-300 ℃, reacting at the constant temperature of 180-300 ℃ for no more than 48 hours, cooling the reactor after the reaction is finished, and taking out the metal sheets, wherein the sheet-like objects loaded on the surfaces of the metal sheets are the novel graphite-phase carbon nitride polymer material.
Specifically, the above reaction of the present invention may be carried out under an inert gas atmosphere or directly under air.
Further, in the above technical solution, the inert gas is any one of nitrogen, argon or carbon dioxide.
Further, according to the technical scheme, the reaction monomer can be any one of cyanuric chloride, cyanuric fluoride, 2,4,6-tribromo-1,3,5-triazine and 2,4,6-triiodo-1,3,5-triazine; the structural general formula of the reaction monomer is shown as a formula II, wherein a substituent X represents any one of Cl, F, br and I.
Further, according to the technical scheme, the metal sheet is any one of a pure copper sheet, a pure zinc sheet or a copper alloy sheet and a zinc alloy sheet.
Further, in the above technical solution, the size of the metal sheet is not limited, and may not be specifically limited as long as the reaction is not affected.
More preferably, in the above technical solution, the thickness of the metal sheet is 0.01mm to 1mm.
Further, in the above technical scheme, the amount of the reaction monomer may not be specifically limited, as long as the reaction is not affected.
Further, according to the above technical scheme, the reactor is preferably a hydrothermal synthesis reaction kettle, and the lining of the reaction kettle may be PPL or polytetrafluoroethylene.
Further, according to the technical scheme, the heating equipment can be any reaction device capable of heating for a long time, such as a muffle furnace, a tube furnace, an oven and a high-temperature oil bath kettle.
Further, in the above technical scheme, the reaction temperature is preferably 200 to 300 ℃, and more preferably 260 to 280 ℃.
Further, in the above technical scheme, the reaction time is preferably 10 to 36 hours.
Further, according to the technical scheme, the clean and dry metal sheet is obtained by sequentially carrying out ultrasonic cleaning on the metal sheet by deionized water and an organic solvent and then drying.
More preferably, the organic solvent is one or both of absolute ethyl alcohol and acetone.
The third purpose of the invention is to provide the application of the novel graphite-phase carbon nitride polymer material, which can be used in various aspects such as electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution, hydrogen and oxygen production by photolysis of water, carbon dioxide reduction, photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants and the like.
The fourth purpose of the invention is to provide a photoelectric catalyst, wherein the photoelectric catalyst is the novel graphite-phase carbon nitride polymer material.
The preparation principle of the novel graphite-phase carbon nitride polymer material is as follows:
in the reaction of the invention, the metal sheet plays a role of a catalyst, the monomer is sublimated into a gaseous state in the heating process and fills the whole reactor, gaseous molecules collide with the metal sheet in the reactor and are polymerized under the catalytic action, and a layer of flaky carbon nitride polymer is formed on the surface of the metal sheet.
Compared with the prior art, the novel graphite-phase carbon nitride polymer material and the preparation method and application thereof have the following beneficial effects:
(1) The novel graphite-phase carbon nitride polymer material prepared by the invention is of a layered structure, has good crystallinity and relatively narrow band gap, and can be peeled into a single-layer or few-layer two-dimensional material by a chemical or mechanical method.
(2) The novel graphite-phase carbon nitride polymer material prepared by the invention is directly flaky, can be prepared in large quantities and is beneficial to industrial production.
(3) The method for preparing the novel graphite-phase carbon nitride polymer material has simple steps and mild reaction conditions (the reaction temperature of the method is generally not more than 300 ℃, and the traditional carbon nitride is generally more than 500 ℃), and is easy to operate.
(4) The novel graphite-phase carbon nitride polymer material prepared by the preparation method has high yield, 400mg of polymer can be obtained from 500mg of monomer, the yield reaches 80%, and the used reaction monomer and metal sheet raw materials have low price and can be directly purchased from the market.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a novel graphite phase carbon nitride polymer material prepared in accordance with example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a scanning electron microscope photograph of the novel graphite phase carbon nitride polymer material prepared in example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is an X-ray diffraction pattern of the novel graphite phase carbon nitride polymer material obtained in example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a high-resolution TEM image of the novel graphite-phase carbonitride polymeric material obtained in example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a graph of an AFM with few exfoliated layers from the novel graphite phase carbonitride polymeric material obtained in example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a graph of the HER performance measured in 1M KOH for the novel graphite phase carbon nitride polymer material obtained in example 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a C-spectrum of XPS testing of the novel graphite phase carbon nitride polymer material prepared in example 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is an N spectrum of XPS testing of the novel graphite phase carbon nitride polymer material prepared in example 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a solid nuclear magnetic C spectrum of the novel graphite phase carbon nitride polymer material prepared in example 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 10 shows the calculated band gap values of the novel graphite-phase carbon nitride polymer material prepared in example 1 according to the present invention by uv-vis spectroscopy.
FIG. 11 is a graph showing the response of photoelectric testing on the novel graphite phase carbon nitride polymer material prepared in example 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 12 is a schematic representation of a novel graphite phase carbon nitride polymer material prepared in example 4 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to examples. The present invention is implemented on the premise of the technology of the present invention, and the detailed embodiments and specific procedures are given to illustrate the inventive aspects of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
Various modifications to the precise description of the invention will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art from the information contained in this application without departing from the spirit and scope of the appended claims. It is to be understood that the scope of the invention is not limited to the procedures, properties, or components defined, as these embodiments, as well as others described, are intended to be merely illustrative of particular aspects of the invention. Indeed, various modifications of the embodiments of the invention which are obvious to those skilled in the art or related fields are intended to be included within the scope of the following claims.
For a better understanding of the invention, and not as a limitation on the scope thereof, all numbers expressing quantities, percentages, and other numerical values used in this application are to be understood as being modified in all instances by the term "about". Accordingly, unless expressly indicated otherwise, the numerical parameters set forth in the specification and attached claims are approximations that may vary depending upon the desired properties sought to be obtained. At the very least, each numerical parameter should at least be construed in light of the number of reported significant digits and by applying ordinary rounding techniques.
Example 1
The preparation method of the novel graphite-phase carbon nitride polymer material of the embodiment comprises the following specific steps:
adding 600mg of cyanuric chloride (CAS number: 108-77-0, FW 184.41) reaction monomer into a 50mL hydrothermal synthesis reaction kettle filled with a PPL lining filled with argon, shearing a copper sheet with the length of 15cm, the width of 5cm and the thickness of 0.05mm, respectively ultrasonically cleaning the copper sheet with deionized water, absolute ethyl alcohol and acetone for 30min in sequence, airing, and rolling up to conveniently place the copper sheet into the reaction kettle; and (3) placing the red copper sheet into a proper position of a reaction kettle, sealing the reaction kettle, transferring the reaction kettle into a muffle furnace, heating to 260 ℃ and keeping for 24 hours, cooling to room temperature after the reaction is finished, taking out the red copper sheet, wherein the sheet-shaped object loaded on the red copper sheet is the novel carbon nitride polymer.
The obtained red copper sheet was leveled up, and a part of the product was knocked down by gently tapping with tweezers, and photographed as shown in fig. 1. As can be seen from FIG. 1, the obtained novel carbon nitride polymer has a large size, and the length of the copper sheet in the figure is 15cm.
Crushing the novel carbon nitride polymer, washing with ethanol and water for several times to remove redundant monomers and a small amount of salt, finally dispersing in a proper amount of ethanol, taking a trace load on a micro-grid carbon net, scanning by using a scanning electron microscope, and obtaining a scanning electron microscope image as shown in figure 2, wherein the obtained novel carbon nitride polymer has a layered structure as can be seen from figure 2.
The novel carbon nitride polymer is washed clean with water, dilute sulfuric acid and ethanol, dried and then 30mg is taken for XRD analysis, and the analysis result is shown in figure 3, and as can be seen from figure 3, the novel carbon nitride polymer has good crystallinity.
Scanning the novel carbon nitride polymer by using a high-resolution transmission electron microscope, wherein the obtained high-resolution transmission electron microscope image is shown in figure 4, as can be seen from figure 4, the novel carbon nitride polymer is of a laminated structure, and the interlayer spacing is
The novel carbon nitride polymer powder is dispersed in isopropanol and subjected to ultrasonic treatment for 15h, and the stripped carbon nitride test AFM is shown in figure 5, and as can be seen from figure 5, the novel carbon nitride can be stripped into a single-layer or few-layer two-dimensional material by a chemical or mechanical method.
The carbon nitride polymer obtained as described above in this example was ground, washed with water and ethanol, and dried to obtain a novel carbon nitride polymer powder for use.
Taking 3mg of the novel carbon nitride polymer powder, adding 3mg of carbon nano tubes to increase conductivity, dispersing the novel carbon nitride polymer powder in a mixed solution of 0.8ml of ethanol and 0.2ml of water, adding 30ul of nafion solution, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 1-5 h, uniformly coating about 10ul of uniform mixed solution on a glassy carbon electrode with the diameter of 3mm to prepare a working electrode, and measuring the hydrogen evolution overpotential of the working electrode in 1M KOH by using an electrochemical workstation to be 0.29V vs RHE, wherein the hydrogen evolution overpotential is shown in figure 6.
The novel carbon nitride polymer powder 5mg was used for XPS test and elemental analysis, and the resulting C and N spectra are shown in FIGS. 7 and 8.
200mg of the novel carbon nitride polymer powder is used for solid nuclear magnetic analysis, and a C spectrum is obtained and is shown in figure 9, and only one carbon exists in the structure. From the infrared Raman spectrum analysis of the monomer C: N =1:1 and the material in FIGS. 7, 8 and 9, the structure is determined as C by the simulation of the structure by XRD and TEM 3 N 3 The polymer of (1).
30mg of the cleaned novel carbon nitride polymer powder is taken for ultraviolet-visible absorption spectrum analysis, and then the band gap of the novel carbon nitride polymer is calculated and analyzed to be about 2.2eV, which is relatively narrow. As shown in fig. 10.
Example 2
The preparation method of the novel graphite-phase carbon nitride polymer material of the embodiment comprises the following specific steps:
adding 400mg of cyanuric chloride (CAS number: 108-77-0, FW 184.41); and (3) placing the red copper sheet into a proper position of the reaction kettle, sealing the reaction kettle, transferring the reaction kettle into a muffle furnace, heating to 280 ℃ and keeping for 12 hours, cooling to room temperature after the reaction is finished, and taking out the red copper sheet, wherein the sheet-shaped object loaded on the red copper sheet is the carbon nitride polymer.
The carbon nitride polymer obtained as described above in this example was ground, washed with water and ethanol, and dried to obtain a novel carbon nitride polymer powder. 10mg of the novel carbon nitride polymer powder is taken and put into 50ml of water, then 5ml of methanol is added as an electronic sacrificial agent, and the photocatalytic hydrogen production is measured to be 150umol under a 500W xenon lamp for 5 h.
The carbon nitride polymer obtained above is crushed, washed with water and ethanol, and dried to obtain a novel carbon nitride polymer powder. Taking 3mg of the novel carbon nitride polymer powder, adding 3mg of carbon nano tubes to increase conductivity, dispersing the carbon nano tubes in a mixed solution of 0.8ml of ethanol and 0.2ml of water, adding 30ul of nafion solution, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 1-5 h, uniformly coating about 10ul of uniform mixed solution on a glassy carbon electrode with the diameter of 3mm to prepare a working electrode, and measuring the current of the working electrode in 1M of KOH under the fixed voltage by using an electrochemical workstation to change along with the switching of a 500W xenon lamp, as shown in figure 11, the photocurrent is generated under the illumination.
Example 3
The preparation method of the novel graphite-phase carbon nitride polymer material of the embodiment comprises the following specific steps:
adding 500mg of cyanuric chloride (CAS number: 108-77-0, FW 184.41) reaction monomer into 200mL of a hydrothermal synthesis reaction kettle with a PPL lining filled with nitrogen, shearing a copper sheet with the length of 15cm, the width of 5cm and the thickness of 0.05mm, respectively ultrasonically cleaning for 30min by deionized water, absolute ethyl alcohol and acetone in sequence, airing, rolling up to conveniently place the copper sheet into the reaction kettle, sealing the reaction kettle after placing the copper sheet into a proper position of the reaction kettle, transferring the reaction kettle into a muffle furnace, heating to 260 ℃ and keeping for 18h, cooling to room temperature after the reaction is finished, taking out the copper sheet, wherein the sheet loaded on the copper sheet is the carbon nitride polymer.
The carbon nitride polymer obtained as described above in this example was ground, washed with water and ethanol, and dried to obtain a novel carbon nitride polymer powder. 100mg of the novel carbon nitride polymer powder is taken to be placed in 50ml of rhodamine B water solution, and 50mmol of rhodamine B is degraded through photocatalysis for 5 hours under a 500W xenon lamp.
Example 4
The preparation method of the novel graphite-phase carbon nitride polymer material of the embodiment comprises the following specific steps:
300mg of cyanuric chloride (CAS number: 108-77-0, FW 184.41).
Example 5
The preparation method of the novel graphite-phase carbon nitride polymer material of the embodiment comprises the following specific steps:
adding 500mg of a cyanuric fluoride (CAS number: 675-14-9, FW 135.05).
Example 6
The preparation method of the novel graphite-phase carbon nitride polymer material provided by the embodiment comprises the following specific steps:
adding 100mg of 2,4,6-tribromo-1,3,5-triazine (CAS number: 14921-00-7, FW.
Example 7
The preparation method of the novel graphite-phase carbon nitride polymer material of the embodiment comprises the following specific steps:
adding 400mg of 2,4,6-triiodo-1,3,5-triazine (CAS number: 5637-87-6, FW 458.77) reaction monomer into a 50mL hydrothermal synthesis reaction kettle with a PPL lining filled with carbon dioxide, shearing a pure copper sheet with the length of 10cm, the width of 2cm and the thickness of 0.5mm, respectively ultrasonically cleaning the pure copper sheet with deionized water, absolute ethyl alcohol and acetone for 30min in sequence, airing, rolling up to be conveniently placed into the reaction kettle, placing the copper-zinc alloy sheet into the reaction kettle to be in a proper position, sealing the reaction kettle, transferring the reaction kettle into an oven, heating to 300 ℃ and keeping for 10h, cooling to room temperature, taking out the pure copper sheet, and obtaining a sheet loaded on the pure copper sheet, namely the novel carbon nitride polymer.
In summary, the amount of the reactive monomer and the size of the metal sheet are not limited, and a certain amount of carbon nitride polymer can be obtained. In addition, the preparation method has mild conditions and simple operation, can directly obtain relatively thin sheet materials, and has good visible light absorption performance, highly conjugated CN structure and abundant catalytic active sites due to relatively narrow band gap, so that the prepared materials have multiple purposes of electro-catalytic hydrogen evolution, photo-catalytic hydrogen evolution, hydrogen production by photolysis of water, pollutant decomposition and the like.
Claims (7)
1. A preparation method of a novel graphite phase carbon nitride polymer material is characterized by comprising the following steps: the carbon nitride polymer material has a layered structure and good crystallinity, and has a chemical formula of g-C 3 N 3 The carbon nitride polymer material is peeled into a single-layer or few-layer two-dimensional material by a chemical or mechanical method, and the structural unit of the single-layer two-dimensional material is shown as a formula I, wherein: the dotted line is the connecting bond between the structural units;
the method comprises the following steps of (1);
the novel graphite-phase carbon nitride polymer material is prepared by the following method, and the specific steps are as follows:
adding a proper amount of reaction monomers and clean and dry metal sheets into a reactor in sequence, sealing the reactor, transferring the reactor to heating equipment, heating to 180-300 ℃, reacting at constant temperature of 180-300 ℃ for no more than 48 hours, cooling after the reaction is finished, and taking out the metal sheets, wherein the sheet-like objects loaded on the surfaces of the metal sheets are the novel graphite-phase carbon nitride polymer material;
the reaction monomer is any one of cyanuric chloride, cyanuric fluoride, 2,4,6-tribromo-1,3,5-triazine and 2,4,6-triiodo-1,3,5-triazine; the structural general formula of the reaction monomer is shown as a formula II, wherein a substituent X represents any one of Cl, F, br and I;
a second formula;
the metal sheet is any one of a pure copper sheet, a pure zinc sheet or a copper alloy sheet and a zinc alloy sheet.
2. The method for preparing a novel graphite-phase carbon nitride polymer material according to claim 1, wherein: the reaction is carried out under the protection of inert gas or directly under the air.
3. The method for preparing a novel graphite-phase carbon nitride polymer material according to claim 2, wherein: the inert gas is any one of nitrogen, argon or carbon dioxide.
4. The method for preparing a novel graphite-phase carbon nitride polymer material according to claim 1, wherein: the heating equipment is a muffle furnace, a tube furnace, an oven or a high-temperature oil bath pan.
5. The method for preparing a novel graphite-phase carbon nitride polymer material according to claim 1, wherein: the clean and dry metal sheet is obtained by sequentially carrying out ultrasonic cleaning on the metal sheet by deionized water and an organic solvent and then drying.
6. Use of a novel graphite phase carbon nitride polymer material prepared by the process according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: the method is used for electro-catalytic hydrogen evolution, photo-electro-catalytic hydrogen evolution, hydrogen production and oxygen production by photolysis of water, and photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants.
7. A photocatalyst, characterized by: the photoelectric catalyst is a novel graphite-phase carbon nitride polymer material prepared by the method of any one of claims 1 to 5.
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