CN110466103B - Flexible foaming device and method for large-scale part - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a flexible foaming device and a method for a large part, wherein the flexible foaming device comprises: the top pressing device is used for pressing the foaming operation part of the large part; the bottom supporting device is used for supporting the foaming operation part of the large part and is connected and locked with the top pressing device, and the bottom supporting device, the foaming operation part of the large part and the top pressing device are sequentially stacked from bottom to top and are tightly pressed; the plurality of movable supporting devices are respectively used for supporting the non-foaming operation part of the large-scale component, and the plurality of movable supporting devices and the bottom supporting device are distributed discretely along the axis of the large-scale component. The flexible foaming device and the flexible foaming method for the large parts can be used for carrying out integral foaming operation on the large parts with different specifications, have good universality and high flexibility, and save the cost of a mould and the operation field.

Description

Flexible foaming device and method for large-scale part

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of foaming manufacturing, in particular to a flexible foaming device and method for a large part.

Background

With the development of social economy, the application of large-scale foaming parts is increasingly wide, and the large-scale foaming parts are more applied to arc roofs of railway mechanical refrigerated vehicles and heat insulation vehicles. The axial length of the arc roof of the railway vehicle can reach 30 meters, the foaming piece is mostly formed by filling and installing independently foamed foaming blocks at present, the integral foaming is difficult, the foaming piece cannot form an integral body with the outer arc roof and the inner arc roof, and the service performance is influenced. The existing foaming tool cannot meet the overall foaming of the large-scale foaming part, and the special tool has the problems of high cost, large occupied space, low flexibility and the like. Especially, in the stages of proofing and trial-manufacturing products and small-batch production, the special tool is poor in universality and high in equipment idle rate, so that the investment cost is further increased, and the risk of investment failure exists.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the flexible foaming device and the flexible foaming method for the large parts, which can carry out integral foaming operation on the large parts with different specifications, have good universality and high flexibility degree, and save the cost of a mould and the operation field.

The invention provides a large-scale part flexible foaming device, which comprises:

the top pressing device is used for pressing the foaming operation part of the large part;

the bottom supporting device is used for supporting the foaming operation part of the large part and is connected and locked with the top pressing device, and the bottom supporting device, the foaming operation part of the large part and the top pressing device are sequentially stacked from bottom to top and are tightly pressed;

the plurality of movable supporting devices are respectively used for supporting the non-foaming operation part of the large-scale component, and the plurality of movable supporting devices and the bottom supporting device are distributed discretely along the axis of the large-scale component.

Furthermore, the edge part of the top pressing device in the width direction and the edge part of the bottom supporting device in the width direction are detachably connected and locked through a locking mechanism, and the locking force of the locking mechanism enables the top pressing device and the bottom supporting device to vertically clamp the foaming operation part of the large component.

Further, the locking mechanism comprises an upper lock iron and a swing bolt installation seat, the upper lock iron is arranged on the edge of the top pressing device along the width direction, the swing bolt installation seat is arranged on the edge of the bottom supporting device along the width direction, and the upper lock iron and the swing bolt installation seat are connected and fastened through a swing bolt.

Further, the width direction of the top hold-down device and the width direction of the bottom support device are perpendicular to the axis of the large component.

Further, the axial length of the top hold-down device is not greater than the axial length of the bottom support device; the axial length of the top pressing device and the axial length of the bottom supporting device are not less than 2 times of the axial length of the movable supporting device.

Further, the edge portion of the top pressing device in the width direction has a mold clamping guide for guiding the top pressing device to be vertically moved to mold with the bottom supporting device.

Furthermore, the large-scale part is provided with an arched structure, the arched structure is formed by extending an arched surface along the axis of the large-scale part, the arched surface is perpendicular to the axis, the bottom surface of the top pressing device is a convex arc surface protruding downwards, the top surface of the bottom supporting device is a concave arc surface recessed downwards, and the convex arc surface and the concave arc surface are respectively in fit connection with the arched structure.

Further, the top pressing device comprises an upper suspension frame positioned at the top and an upper die bottom plate positioned at the bottom, the upper die bottom plate is consistent with the surface of one side of the large-sized component in shape, and the upper die bottom plate is fixed on the lower side of the upper suspension frame; the top pressing device further comprises an upper die end plate, the upper end of the upper die end plate is fixed to the lower surface of the upper suspension frame, and the lower end of the upper die end plate is fixed to the upper die bottom plate.

Furthermore, an upper die inner reinforcing plate is arranged inside the top pressing device, and the upper die inner reinforcing plate is connected to the upper die bottom plate and the upper die end plate respectively.

Furthermore, top closing device still includes the mould roof, go up the mould roof be fixed in go up the lower surface of hanging frame and with it is relative about last bottom plate keeps, go up the mould roof with last bottom plate passes through go up the end plate connection, go up the interior reinforcing plate of mould connect in go up the mould roof.

Further, when the large component has an arched configuration: the upper die base plate is an arc plate which is bent downwards along the vertical direction, the upper die end plates which are arranged at two ends of the upper die base plate along the axial direction of the upper die base plate are arch plates, and the number of the arch plates is two; the upper die top plate is an arc plate, and the radius of the upper die top plate is smaller than that of the upper die bottom plate.

Furthermore, the top pressing device further comprises an upper die lifting part, the upper die lifting part is used for being grabbed and fixed by the lifting device, and the upper die lifting part is arranged on the upper suspension frame.

Further, the bottom support device comprises a lower die top plate positioned at the top and a lower support frame positioned at the bottom, the lower die top plate is consistent with the surface of one side of the large component in shape, and the lower die top plate is fixed on the upper side of the lower support frame.

Further, the bottom support device further comprises a lower die end plate, the lower end of the lower die end plate is fixed on the lower surface of the lower support frame, and the upper end of the lower die end plate is fixed on the lower die top plate.

Further, the bottom support device is internally provided with a lower die inner reinforcing plate, and the lower die inner reinforcing plate is respectively connected with the lower die top plate and the lower die end plate.

Further, when the large component has an arched configuration: the lower die top plate is an arc plate which is bent downwards along the vertical direction, and the upper ends of the lower die end plates at the two ends of the lower die top plate are respectively in an arc shape which is bent downwards along the axial direction of the lower die top plate.

Furthermore, the lower supporting frame is provided with supporting legs for connecting the lower supporting frame and the ground.

Furthermore, the lower support frame is provided with a lower die lifting part for the lifting device to grab and fix.

Furthermore, the movable supporting device comprises a movable supporting top plate positioned at the top and a lower supporting foot seat positioned at the bottom, the movable supporting top plate is consistent with the surface of one side of the large-scale component in shape, and the movable supporting top plate is fixed on the upper side of the lower supporting foot seat.

Furthermore, the movable supporting device further comprises a movable supporting end plate, the lower end of the movable supporting end plate is fixed on the lower surface of the lower supporting foot seat, and the upper end of the movable supporting end plate is fixed on the movable supporting top plate.

Further, when the large component has an arched configuration: the movable support top plate is an arc plate which is bent downwards along the vertical direction, and the upper ends of the movable support end plates at the two ends of the movable support top plate are respectively in the shape of a circular arc which is bent downwards along the axial direction of the movable support top plate.

Furthermore, the movable supporting device also comprises a movable supporting and lifting part for the lifting device to grab and fix.

The invention provides a flexible foaming method of a large part, which utilizes the flexible foaming device of the large part and comprises the following steps:

a: arranging the bottom support means and the plurality of movable support means as: the bottom supporting devices and the plurality of movable supporting devices are distributed discretely along the axis of the large-scale component, the bottom supporting devices correspond to the positions of first foaming operation parts of the large-scale component, and the plurality of movable supporting devices correspond to the positions of non-foaming operation parts of the large-scale component in the foaming process of the first foaming operation parts;

b: moving the large-scale component to the bottom supporting device and the plurality of movable supporting devices, then moving the top pressing device to a position right above the bottom supporting device, and connecting and locking the top pressing device and the bottom supporting device to tightly press a first foaming operation part of the large-scale component;

c: foaming the first foaming operation part of the large-sized component by using a foaming machine, and then maintaining the pressure of the formed foaming body;

d: after the pressure maintaining is finished, the top pressing device is unlocked and detached from the bottom supporting device, and then the bottom supporting device and the plurality of movable supporting devices are moved along the axis of the large part, so that the bottom supporting device is supported below the next foaming operation part of the large part and the plurality of movable supporting devices are supported below the non-foaming operation part of the large part in the foaming process of the next foaming operation part;

e: moving the top pressing device to be right above the bottom supporting device, and connecting and locking the top pressing device and the bottom supporting device to tightly press the next foaming operation part of the large-sized component;

f: foaming the next foaming operation part of the large-sized part by using a foaming machine, and then maintaining the pressure of the formed foaming body;

and D, repeatedly executing the steps D-F to carry out sectional foaming operation on the large part until the foaming and pressure maintaining of all foaming operation parts of the large part are completed.

Further, all the foaming operation sites of the large component are sequentially distributed along the axis of the large component, and the first foaming operation site is located at the center of all the foaming operation sites of the large component.

Further, the foaming operation sequence of all the foaming operation parts of the large component is alternately performed in a first direction and a second direction, and the number of the foaming operation parts for continuous foaming operation in any one direction is two, and the first direction is opposite to the second direction.

One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

the basic composition structure of a top pressing device, a bottom supporting device and a plurality of movable supporting devices is adopted, the top pressing device and the bottom supporting device are matched and pressed on the foaming operation part of the large-scale component, and the plurality of movable supporting devices provide multi-point support for the non-foaming operation part of the large-scale component, so that the foaming and pressure maintaining of the foaming operation part are realized;

the top pressing device, the bottom supporting device and the plurality of movable supporting devices have flexible moving capacity, the movable supporting devices are moved and adjusted to different parts of the large component to perform continuous foaming operation on the foaming operation parts of the large component, the large component is integrally foamed in a segmented foaming mode, the number of the movable supporting devices which are actually used is adjusted to meet the foaming requirements of the large component with different axial length specifications, the universality on various large components is good, the reaction speed is high, the flexibility degree is high, special tools and special installation sites do not need to be repeatedly manufactured aiming at different large components, the mold cost and the operation sites are greatly saved, and the movable supporting device is particularly suitable for proofing and trial production of products and small-batch production.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic distribution structure diagram of a large part flexible foaming device provided in example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an axial view of the top hold-down device of the flexible foaming device of the large scale component of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a top view of the top hold-down device of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is an axial view of the bottom support assembly of the flexible foaming device of the large scale component of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a top view of the bottom support assembly of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is an axial view of the movable support means of the flexible foaming device of the large part of FIG. 1;

FIG. 7 is a top view of the mobile support unit of FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is an axial view of a large part of the flexible foaming device of the large part of FIG. 1;

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the top hold-down device and the bottom support device of the flexible foaming device for large parts shown in FIG. 1;

fig. 10 is a schematic operation diagram of a flexible foaming method for a large part at a first foaming operation part according to example 2 of the present invention;

fig. 11 is a schematic operation diagram of the flexible foaming method for large parts at a second foaming operation location according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;

fig. 12 is a schematic view of the operation of the flexible foaming method for large parts at a third foaming operation location according to example 2 of the present invention;

fig. 13 is a schematic operation diagram of a flexible foaming method for a large part at a fourth foaming operation location according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;

fig. 14 is a schematic operation diagram of the flexible foaming method for large parts at a fifth foaming operation location according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Description of the main element symbols:

1-top hold-down, 11-upper lock iron, 12-clamp guide, 13-height stop, 14-upper suspension frame, 15-upper die bottom plate, 16-upper die end plate, 17-upper die inner reinforcement plate, 18-upper die top plate, 19-upper die lifting part, 2-bottom support device, 21-swing bolt mount, 22-lower die top plate, 23-lower support frame, 241-axial lower die end plate, 242-transverse lower die end plate, 25-lower die inner reinforcement plate, 26-support foot, 27-lower die lifting part, 28-bottom support reinforcement channel, 29-swing bolt, 3-movable support device, 31-movable support top plate, 32-lower support foot seat, 331-axial movable support end plate, 332-transverse movable support end plate, 34-a movable support lifting part, 35-a movable support reinforcing channel steel, 36-a top plate supporting block, 37-a reinforcing beam, PT-a large part, P1-an outer arc top plate and P2-an inner arc top plate.

Detailed Description

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being "directly on" another element, there are no intervening elements present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

Example 1

Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment discloses a specific structure of a flexible foaming device for large components, which includes a top pressing device 1, a bottom supporting device 2 and a plurality of movable supporting devices 3.

The top pressing device 1 is used for pressing a foaming operation part of the large component PT, and the bottom supporting device 2 is used for supporting the foaming operation part of the large component PT; the plurality of movable supporting devices 3 are respectively used for supporting the non-foaming operation part of the large component PT, and the plurality of movable supporting devices 3 and the bottom supporting device 2 are distributed discretely along the axis of the large component PT. The axis of the large part PT, i.e. the length direction of the large part PT.

In general, the length of the large part PT can have values from a few meters to a few tens of meters. According to large-scale parts PT with different lengths, the required number of movable supporting devices 3 are selected to be matched with the top pressing device 1 and the bottom supporting device 2 for use, so that the rapid integral foaming can be completed, and the universal and adaptive foaming device has remarkable universality and adaptability. Particularly, in the trial production stage of a product (a large part PT), when the length size of the product is changed, a foaming mold does not need to be manufactured again, the matching can be realized by changing the using number of the movable supporting devices 3, the sample preparation period and the manufacturing cost are greatly reduced, and the method has remarkable advantages.

When the die is closed, the top pressing device 1 and the bottom supporting device 2 are connected and locked, so that the bottom supporting device 2, the foaming operation part of the large part PT and the top pressing device 1 are sequentially stacked from bottom to top and are tightly pressed. In addition to providing a positioning and clamping function to prevent the foaming operation part from being positionally shifted, the clamping force of the top holding-down device 1 and the bottom supporting device 2 on the foaming operation part also serves as a holding force for the foaming melt at the foaming operation part.

It is understood that the foaming operation site of the large part PT refers to a corresponding site of the current foaming operation process. In practice, the large part PT is formed by sectional foaming, and includes a plurality of foaming sections distributed along the axial direction of the large part PT, and each foaming operation is used for foaming to form one of the foaming sections. In the foaming operation process of the foaming section, the foaming operation part is the position of the foaming section.

Exemplarily, the edge part of the top pressing device 1 in the width direction and the edge part of the bottom supporting device 2 in the width direction are detachably connected and locked through a locking mechanism, so that the purposes of mold closing and mold splitting are achieved. The locking force of the locking mechanism enables the top pressing device 1 and the bottom supporting device 2 to vertically clamp the foaming operation part of the large part PT, and provides required positioning clamping force and pressure maintaining force.

Referring to fig. 2 to 5, the width direction of the top pressing device 1 and the width direction of the bottom supporting device 2 are respectively perpendicular to the axial direction of the large component PT. The mode of locking is connected at the edge, can prevent to cause the restriction to the removal of bottom sprag device 2, makes bottom sprag device 2 can move to different foaming sections along the axis of large-scale part PT in a flexible way, when realizing the segmentation foaming, the linking transition between the front and back foaming operation process is quick continuous, improves continuous operation efficiency.

The locking mechanism is implemented in various ways, such as a threaded connection, a pin connection, a snap connection, etc. Illustratively, the locking mechanism includes an upper lock iron 11 and a swing bolt mount 21. The upper lock iron 11 is disposed at the edge of the top pressing device 1 in the width direction, and the swing bolt mounting seat 21 is disposed at the edge of the bottom supporting device 2 in the width direction, so that the locking of the mold is ensured, and the interference with the large part PT is avoided. When the mold is closed, the upper lock iron 11 and the swing bolt mounting base 21 are connected and fastened one by the swing bolts 29, so that the top holding-down device 1 clamps the foaming operation part from the upper side and the bottom holding-down device 2 from the lower side. By adjusting the degree of locking of the swing bolt 29, a quick adjustment of the clamping force/holding force can be achieved.

Further, the upper locking irons 11 are provided in pairs, and both of the upper locking irons 11 in the pair are located at both ends of the top compressing device 1 in the width direction; similarly, the swing bolt mounting seats 21 are provided in pairs, and both of the paired swing bolt mounting seats 21 are spaced apart at both ends of the bottom bracket 2 in the width direction, ensuring that both ends uniformly achieve reliable clamping of the large component PT. Further, both of the pair of upper tumblers 11 are symmetrically distributed about the large part PT; similarly, both of the paired swing bolt mounts 21 are symmetrically distributed about the large part PT, so that the clamping force received by the foaming operation portion of the large part PT is uniformly balanced.

Exemplarily, the axial length of the top hold-down device 1 is not greater than the axial length of the bottom support device 2, ensuring the structural safety. In one particular application, the axial length of the top hold-down device 1 is equal to the axial length of the bottom support device 2.

Exemplarily, the axial length of the top pressing device 1 and the axial length of the bottom supporting device 2 are both greater than the axial length of the movable supporting device 3, so that the number of operations required for segmented foaming is reduced, and the operation efficiency is improved. Further, the axial length of the top pressing device 1 and the axial length of the bottom supporting device 2 are not less than 2 times of the axial length of the movable supporting device 3, so that the operation efficiency is further improved, and the safety of a bearing structure is guaranteed.

Exemplarily, the edge portion of the top pressing device 1 in the width direction has a clamping guide 12, and the clamping guide 12 is used for guiding the top pressing device 1 to be clamped with the bottom supporting device 2 in a vertically moving manner, so that the top pressing device 1 and the bottom supporting device 2 are quickly and accurately clamped in place. For example, the clamp guide 12 has a plate-like structure and is matched with an edge portion of the bottom support device 2 or an unlocking mechanism, thereby restricting the movement of the top press device 1 in the horizontal direction and preventing the position of the top press device 1 in the horizontal direction from being deviated.

Exemplarily, the top pressing device 1 has a height limiting member 13 at an edge portion in the width direction, which is used for limiting a downward movement stroke of the top pressing device 1 in the vertical direction, so that the mold clamping position of the top pressing device 1 and the bottom supporting device 2 in the vertical direction is accurate, and the position deviation caused by the overshoot of the top pressing device 1 is prevented. For example, when the mold is closed, the top pressing device 1 is limited by the height limiting part 13 and stops moving downwards, and then is driven by the locking force of the locking mechanism to be locked in place, so that the mold closing position is ensured to be accurate.

Referring to fig. 8, the large section PT illustratively has an arcuate configuration defined by an arcuate surface extending along an axis of the large section PT, the arcuate surface being perpendicular to the axis. For example, the arc roof of the railway vehicle has an arch structure, and is formed by sequentially laminating the outer arc roof plate P1, the foaming layer and the inner arc roof plate P2, wherein the foaming layer is formed by directly foaming the outer arc roof plate P1 and the inner arc roof plate P2 by the large-scale flexible foaming device for parts in the embodiment, and has an overall foaming characteristic, which is completely different from the conventional filling installation mode. It is understood that the radius of the outer arc ceiling P1 is greater than the radius of the inner arc ceiling P2; before foaming, a melt containing cavity is formed between the outer arc top plate P1 and the inner arc top plate P2 so as to contain foaming melt and foam to form a foaming layer.

Referring to fig. 9, when the large component PT has an arch structure, the bottom surface of the top pressing device 1 is a convex arc surface protruding downward, the top surface of the bottom supporting device 2 is a concave arc surface recessed downward, and the convex arc surface and the concave arc surface are respectively kept in contact with the arch structure. Still taking the arc roof as an example, during mold closing, the outer convex cambered surface of the top pressing device 1 is attached to one side surface of the inner arc roof plate P2 away from the outer arc roof plate P1, and the inner concave cambered surface of the bottom supporting device 2 is attached to one side surface of the outer arc roof plate P1 away from the inner arc roof plate P2.

The top hold-down device 1 can be realized in various forms of construction. Exemplarily, the top hold-down device 1 comprises an upper suspension frame 14 at the top and an upper mold bottom plate 15 at the bottom. The upper suspension frame 14 has a frame structure with the advantages of reliable construction, high rigidity and light weight, and is used on the one hand to provide structural support for the other components of the top press 1 and on the other hand to carry loads, such as loads from transport equipment (e.g. forklifts, overhead cranes, boom cranes, etc.) during movement of the top press 1, locking forces from the bottom support 2 after clamping, etc. The upper mold bottom plate 15 is fixed to the lower side of the upper suspension frame 14, and the upper mold bottom plate 15 has a shape conforming to the outer shape of one surface (for example, the aforementioned inner circular top plate P2) of the large component PT, and is used for pressing the foaming operation site of the large component PT from the top to the bottom.

Illustratively, the top hold-down device 1 further includes an upper die end plate 16. The upper end of the upper mold end plate 16 is fixed to the lower surface of the upper suspension frame 14, and the lower end thereof is fixed to the upper mold base plate 15, for supporting the upper mold base plate 15 and ensuring a reliable function to the foaming operation part. Generally, the upper endplate 16 is plural in number and is connected end to end in sequence to form an annular configuration.

Illustratively, an upper die inner reinforcing plate 17 is arranged inside the top pressing device 1, and the upper die inner reinforcing plate 17 is respectively connected to the upper die bottom plate 15 and the upper die end plate 16. It is understood that the number of the reinforcing plates 17 in the upper mold is plural, and the reinforcing plates are distributed discretely or staggered to form an array layout.

Illustratively, the top hold-down device 1 further includes an upper die top plate 18. The upper die top plate 18 is fixed on the lower surface of the upper suspension frame 14 and is opposite to the upper die bottom plate 15 in the vertical direction, the upper die top plate 18 and the upper die bottom plate 15 are connected through the upper die end plate 16, and the upper die inner reinforcing plate 17 is connected to the upper die top plate 18, so that the overall structural performance of the top pressing device 1 is enhanced.

Exemplarily, when the large component PT has an arch structure, the upper mold base plate 15 is an arc plate bent downward in the vertical direction, and ensures a close fitting connection with the large component PT. Accordingly, the upper die end plates 16 that are located at both ends of the upper die base plate 15 in the axial direction of the upper die base plate 15 are dome-shaped plates, the number of which is two, and the number of the upper die end plates 16 is reduced to two. Further, the upper die top plate 18 is an arc plate, and the radius of the upper die top plate 18 is smaller than that of the upper die bottom plate 15.

The top hold-down device 1 further comprises an upper die lifting part 19 for a lifting device (e.g. a forklift, a crown block, a cantilever crane, etc.) to grasp and fix. Illustratively, the upper mold lifting part 19 is provided on the upper suspension frame 14, for example, on an upper surface or an outer peripheral surface of the upper suspension frame 14. The upper die lifting part 19 is rich in forms, including a lifting ring, an inserting sleeve and the like.

The base support 2 can be realized in various structural forms. The bottom support means 2 comprises, exemplarily, a lower die top plate 22 at the top and a lower support frame 23 at the bottom. The lower support frame 23 has a frame structure for providing structural support to other components of the bottom support device 2, and has the advantages of reliable structure, high rigidity and strength, and light dead weight; exemplarily, the lower support frame 23 is provided with support feet 26 for connecting the lower support frame 23 with the ground. The lower ceiling plate 22 is fixed to the upper side of the lower support frame 23, and the lower ceiling plate 22 has a shape conforming to the outer shape of one side surface (e.g., the aforementioned outer circular arc ceiling plate P1) of the large part PT, and serves to support the foaming operation site abutting against the large part PT from bottom to top.

Exemplarily, the bottom support device 2 further comprises a lower end plate, wherein the lower end of the lower end plate is fixed on the lower surface of the lower support frame 23, and the upper end of the lower end plate is fixed on the lower top plate 22, so as to support the lower top plate 22 and ensure the reliable action on the foaming operation part. Typically, the lower die end plate is in plurality and is joined end to end in sequence to form an annular configuration.

Illustratively, a lower inner reinforcement plate 25 is provided inside the bottom support device 2, and the lower inner reinforcement plate 25 is connected to the lower top plate 22 and the lower end plate, respectively. It is understood that the number of the reinforcing plates 25 in the lower mold is plural, and the reinforcing plates are distributed discretely or staggered to form an array layout. Exemplarily, the bottom support device 2 further includes a bottom brace reinforcing channel 28, and the bottom brace reinforcing channel 28 is disposed at a connection position of the lower die top plate 22 and the lower die end plate for reinforcing connection strength.

Illustratively, when the large component PT has an arch-shaped configuration, the lower die top plate 22 is an arc plate that is bent downward in the vertical direction, and ensures a close fit connection with the large component PT. Accordingly, the upper ends of the lower die end plates (i.e., the axial lower die end plates 241) respectively located at both ends of the lower die top plate 22 in the axial direction of the lower die top plate 22 are in the shape of a circular arc bent downward, and are ensured to be in conformity with the shape of the large part PT and to be closely attached thereto. In addition, the lower die end plate not located at both ends of the lower die top plate 22 in the axial direction of the lower die top plate 22 is a lateral lower die end plate 242.

The lower support frame 23 is exemplarily provided with a lower mold lifting part 27 for the lifting device to grasp and fix. Illustratively, the lower mold lifting part 27 is provided on the upper surface or the outer circumferential surface of the lower support frame 23 to facilitate quick grasping. The lower mold lifting part 27 has various forms including a lifting ring, an insert sleeve and the like. The lower support frame 23 is exemplarily provided with a moving wheel for rapid movement. After moving to the right position, the moving wheel can be folded quickly and connected with the ground support by the supporting foot 26.

The movable supporting means 3 can be realized in various structural forms. Referring to fig. 6 to 7, the movable supporting device 3 includes a movable supporting top plate 31 at the top and a lower supporting base 32 at the bottom. The lower supporting foot seats 32 are directly connected with the ground, the foot seats have simple and reliable structures and are provided with multi-point support by a plurality of foot seats; the movable supporting top plate 31 is fixed to the upper side of the lower supporting pedestal 32, and the shape of the movable supporting top plate 31 is identical to the shape of one side surface (for example, the outer circular arc top plate P1) of the large part PT, and is used for supporting the foaming operation part of the large part PT from bottom to top. The lower support foot 32 is illustratively provided with a motion wheel for rapid movement. After moving in place, the moving wheel can be folded quickly and is connected with the ground support through the lower support foot seat 32.

Exemplarily, the movable supporting device 3 further comprises a movable supporting end plate, wherein the lower end of the movable supporting end plate is fixed on the lower surface of the lower supporting foot seat 32, and the upper end of the movable supporting end plate is fixed on the movable supporting top plate 31, so as to support the movable supporting top plate 31 and ensure the reliable action on the foaming operation part. Generally, the number of the end plates is a plurality, and the end plates are connected end to end in sequence to form a ring-shaped structure.

Exemplarily, when the large part PT has an arch configuration, the movable ceiling plate 31 is a circular arc plate bent downward in the vertical direction. Accordingly, the upper ends of the live supporting end plates (i.e., the axial live supporting end plates 331) respectively located at both ends of the live supporting top plate 31 in the axial direction of the live supporting top plate 31 are arc-shaped and bent downward, so as to ensure that the upper ends of the live supporting end plates are in conformity with the external shape of the large component PT and can be tightly attached thereto. In addition, the end plates that are not movable support plates that are separated from both ends of the movable support top plate 31 in the axial direction of the movable support top plate 31 are the transverse movable support end plates 332.

The movable supporting device 3 further comprises a movable supporting and hanging part 34 for the lifting device to grab and fix. Illustratively, a fly lift 34 is provided on the outer surface of the fly end plate for quick gripping. The movable supporting and lifting part 34 has various forms, including a lifting ring, a plug bush and the like.

The mobile support means 3 also comprise, exemplarily, a mobile support reinforcement channel 35. The movable support reinforcing channel steel 35 is arranged at the joint of the movable support top plate 31 and the movable support end plate and used for reinforcing the connection strength. Exemplarily, the movable supporting device 3 further includes a top plate supporting block 36, and the top plate supporting block 36 is connected to a lower surface of the movable top plate 31 for supporting the movable top plate 31 to enhance the load-bearing capacity. Exemplarily, the movable supporting device 3 further comprises a reinforcing beam 37 for connecting the movable supporting end plate to further enhance the connection strength.

Example 2

Referring to fig. 1 to 10, the present embodiment discloses a specific step of a flexible foaming method for a large component, and the flexible foaming device for a large component disclosed in embodiment 1 includes the following steps:

step A: the bottom support means 2 and the plurality of movable support means 3 are arranged: the bottom support device 2 and the plurality of movable support devices 3 are distributed discretely along the axis of the large part PT, the bottom support device 2 corresponds to the first foaming operation part of the large part PT, and the plurality of movable support devices 3 correspond to the non-foaming operation part of the large part PT in the foaming process of the first foaming operation part.

For example, the bottom support 2 is moved to the foaming position, the center line of the bottom support 2 is measured by a measuring instrument (e.g., a tape measure, a laser measuring instrument, etc.), the center line is made visible by a drawing wire or a laser projection, and the visible range covers the axial length of the large part PT.

Subsequently, a desired number of the movable supporting means 3 are moved to the center line of the base supporting means 2 so that the movable supporting means 3 are sequentially distributed along the center line and the center line of any one of the movable supporting means 3 coincides with the center line of the base supporting means 2.

It will be appreciated that the movement of the base support 2 and the moveable support 3 may be of the type using a transport device (e.g. a crane/boom, a forklift, etc.) or using a self-moving wheel, for example, pushed by hand.

And B: the large-scale part PT is firstly moved to the bottom supporting device 2 and the plurality of movable supporting devices 3, then the top pressing device 1 is moved to the position right above the bottom supporting device 2, and the top pressing device 1 and the bottom supporting device 2 are connected and locked to tightly press a first foaming operation part of the large-scale part PT.

It will be appreciated that the large part PT may be moved by various types of transport equipment (e.g. overhead travelling crane, cantilever crane, etc.). More commonly, the large part PT is hoisted by means of a crane. It can be understood that the top pressing device 1 can be moved to the position right above the bottom supporting device 2 by various transportation equipment (such as a crown block, a cantilever crane, a forklift and the like), and then is descended to be connected with the bottom supporting device 2, and finally the die is closed in place by locking force.

And C: the first foaming operation part of the large member PT is foamed by a foaming machine, and then the formed foam is subjected to pressure holding. It can be understood that the holding pressure of the holding pressure process is derived from the clamping force of the top pressing device 1 and the bottom supporting device 2 on the first foaming operation part.

Step D: after the pressure maintaining is finished, the top pressing device 1 is unlocked and detached from the bottom supporting device 2; then, the bottom support device 2 and the plurality of movable support devices 3 are moved along the axis of the large part PT, so that the bottom support device 2 is supported below the next foaming operation part of the large part PT and the plurality of movable support devices 3 are supported below the non-foaming operation part of the foaming process of the large part PT at the next foaming operation part.

It will be appreciated that the top press 1 is still suspended upwardly from the bottom support 2 by various types of transport equipment (e.g. overhead crane, jib crane, forklift etc.). The bottom support device 2 is free to move along the axis of the large part PT without constraint and moves rapidly to the position below the next foaming operation part. The process does not need to move a large part PT, so that the front foaming operation process and the rear foaming operation process can be quickly connected, the operation burden is greatly reduced, and the operation continuity and efficiency are improved.

Step E: and moving the top pressing device 1 to a position right above the bottom supporting device 2, and connecting and locking the top pressing device 1 and the bottom supporting device 2 to tightly press the next foaming operation part of the large-scale component PT.

Step F: and (3) foaming the next foaming operation part of the large part PT by using a foaming machine, and then maintaining the pressure of the formed foaming body, namely completing the foaming and pressure maintaining of the next foaming operation part.

And D, repeatedly executing the steps D to F to carry out sectional foaming operation on the large part PT until the foaming and pressure maintaining of all foaming operation parts of the large part PT are completed. The sectional flexible foaming method can execute continuous foaming operation to complete sectional integral foaming, and has good universality and high flexibility.

Exemplarily, all the foaming operation parts of the large part PT are sequentially distributed along the axis of the large part PT; wherein the first foaming operation site is located at the center of all the foaming operation sites of the large part PT. In other words, the foaming operation starts from the central position, the self-weight increasing sequence of the large component PT is optimized, the bending damage of the large component PT caused by the offset bending moment in the operation process is prevented, and the forming precision is ensured.

In an exemplary manner, the foaming operation sequence of all the foaming operation portions of the large part PT is alternately performed in the first direction and the second direction, and the number of the foaming operation portions for the continuous foaming operation in any one direction is two. Wherein the first direction is opposite to the second direction and is parallel to the axis of the large part PT. The foaming operation sequence has at least the functions of further optimizing the self-weight increasing sequence of the large-scale part PT, reducing the bending damage of the offset bending moment to the large-scale part PT and ensuring the forming precision.

Referring to fig. 10 to 14, for example, the large part PT includes five foaming operation portions (i.e., five foaming sections), which are the first to fifth foaming operation portions in sequence according to the foaming operation. Wherein the first foaming operation part is positioned at the center; the second foaming operation part and the fifth foaming operation part are positioned on the left side of the first operation part, and the second foaming operation part is positioned between the first foaming operation part and the fifth foaming operation part; the third and fourth foaming operation parts are positioned on the right side of the first operation part, and the third foaming operation part is positioned between the first foaming operation part and the fourth foaming operation part. The first direction is from the first foaming operation part to the second foaming operation part, and the second direction is from the second foaming operation part to the third foaming operation part.

Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to examples, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (16)

1. Flexible foaming device of large-scale part, its characterized in that includes:

the top pressing device is used for pressing the foaming operation part of the large part;

the bottom supporting device is used for supporting the foaming operation part of the large-sized component, the edge part of the top pressing device along the width direction and the edge part of the bottom supporting device along the width direction are detachably connected and locked through a locking mechanism, and the locking force of the locking mechanism enables the top pressing device and the bottom supporting device to vertically clamp the foaming operation part of the large-sized component;

the plurality of movable supporting devices are respectively used for supporting the non-foaming operation part of the large-scale component, and the plurality of movable supporting devices and the bottom supporting device are distributed discretely along the axis of the large-scale component.

2. The large component flexible foaming device according to claim 1, wherein the locking mechanism comprises an upper lock iron and a swing bolt mounting seat, the upper lock iron is arranged at the edge of the top pressing device along the width direction, the swing bolt mounting seat is arranged at the edge of the bottom supporting device along the width direction, and the upper lock iron and the swing bolt mounting seat are fastened through a swing bolt connection.

3. The large component flexible foaming device according to claim 2, wherein the width direction of the top compressing device and the width direction of the bottom supporting device are perpendicular to the axis of the large component.

4. The large component flexible foaming device according to claim 1, wherein the axial length of the top hold-down device is not greater than the axial length of the bottom support device; the axial length of the top pressing device and the axial length of the bottom supporting device are not less than 2 times of the axial length of the movable supporting device.

5. The large component flexible foaming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein an edge portion of the top pressing apparatus in the width direction has a clamping guide for guiding the top pressing apparatus to be clamped with the bottom supporter movably in the vertical direction.

6. The flexible foaming device for the large part according to claim 1, wherein the large part has an arch-shaped structure, the arch-shaped structure is formed by extending an arch-shaped surface along an axis of the large part, the arch-shaped surface is perpendicular to the axis, the bottom surface of the top pressing device is a convex arc surface which protrudes downwards, the top surface of the bottom supporting device is a concave arc surface which is concave downwards, and the convex arc surface and the concave arc surface are respectively kept in fit connection with the arch-shaped structure.

7. The large-scale component flexible foaming device according to claim 1, wherein the top pressing device comprises an upper suspension frame at the top and an upper bottom plate at the bottom, the upper bottom plate is in shape with one side surface of the large-scale component, and the upper bottom plate is fixed at the lower side of the upper suspension frame; the top pressing device further comprises an upper die end plate, the upper end of the upper die end plate is fixed to the lower surface of the upper suspension frame, and the lower end of the upper die end plate is fixed to the upper die bottom plate.

8. The large-scale part flexible foaming device according to claim 7, wherein an upper die inner reinforcing plate is arranged inside the top pressing device, and the upper die inner reinforcing plate is connected to the upper die bottom plate and the upper die end plate respectively;

the top pressing device further comprises an upper die top plate, the upper die top plate is fixed on the lower surface of the upper suspension frame and is opposite to the upper die bottom plate in the vertical direction, the upper die top plate is connected with the upper die bottom plate through the upper die end plate, and the upper die inner reinforcing plate is connected to the upper die top plate;

when the large component has an arched configuration: the upper die base plate is an arc plate which is bent downwards along the vertical direction, the upper die end plates which are arranged at two ends of the upper die base plate along the axial direction of the upper die base plate are arch plates, and the number of the arch plates is two; the upper die top plate is an arc plate, and the radius of the upper die top plate is smaller than that of the upper die bottom plate.

9. The large component flexible foaming device according to claim 7, wherein the top pressing device further comprises a lifting part for being grabbed and fixed by a lifting device, and the lifting part is arranged on the upper suspension frame.

10. The large-scale component flexible foaming device according to claim 1, wherein the bottom supporting device comprises a lower die top plate at the top and a lower supporting frame at the bottom, the lower die top plate is in the same shape with one side surface of the large-scale component, and the lower die top plate is fixed on the upper side of the lower supporting frame; the bottom supporting device further comprises a lower die end plate, the lower end of the lower die end plate is fixed to the lower surface of the lower supporting frame, and the upper end of the lower die end plate is fixed to the lower die top plate.

11. The large-scale component flexible foaming device according to claim 10, wherein a lower die inner reinforcing plate is arranged inside the bottom supporting device, and the lower die inner reinforcing plate is connected to the lower die top plate and the lower die end plate respectively;

when the large component has an arched configuration: the lower die top plate is an arc plate which is bent downwards along the vertical direction, and the upper ends of the lower die end plates at the two ends of the lower die top plate are respectively in an arc shape which is bent downwards along the axial direction of the lower die top plate.

12. The large component flexible foaming device according to claim 10, wherein the lower support frame is provided with support feet for connecting the lower support frame with the ground; and the lower supporting frame is provided with a lifting part for the lifting device to grab and fix.

13. The large-scale component flexible foaming device according to claim 1, wherein the movable supporting device comprises a movable supporting top plate at the top and a lower supporting foot seat at the bottom, the movable supporting top plate is in the same shape with one side surface of the large-scale component, and the movable supporting top plate is fixed on the upper side of the lower supporting foot seat.

14. The large-scale component flexible foaming device according to claim 13, wherein the movable supporting device further comprises a movable supporting end plate, the lower end of the movable supporting end plate is fixed on the lower surface of the lower supporting foot base, and the upper end of the movable supporting end plate is fixed on the movable supporting top plate; when the large component has an arched configuration: the movable support top plate is an arc plate which is bent downwards along the vertical direction, and the upper ends of the movable support end plates at the two ends of the movable support top plate are respectively in the shape of a circular arc which is bent downwards along the axial direction of the movable support top plate.

15. The large-scale component flexible foaming device according to claim 1, wherein the movable supporting device further comprises a lifting part for the lifting device to grab and fix.

16. A flexible foaming method for a large part using the flexible foaming apparatus for a large part according to any one of claims 1 to 15, comprising:

a: all foaming operation parts of the large-scale component are distributed along the axis of the large-scale component in sequence, and a first foaming operation part is positioned in the center of all the foaming operation parts of the large-scale component; alternately performing foaming operation on all foaming operation parts of the large-sized component along a first direction and a second direction, wherein the number of the foaming operation parts for continuous foaming operation along any direction is two, the first direction is opposite to the second direction, and the bottom support device and the plurality of movable support devices are arranged as follows: the bottom supporting devices and the plurality of movable supporting devices are distributed discretely along the axis of the large-scale component, the bottom supporting devices correspond to the positions of first foaming operation parts of the large-scale component, and the plurality of movable supporting devices correspond to the positions of non-foaming operation parts of the large-scale component in the foaming process of the first foaming operation parts;

b: moving the large-scale component to the bottom supporting device and the plurality of movable supporting devices, then moving the top pressing device to a position right above the bottom supporting device, and connecting and locking the top pressing device and the bottom supporting device to tightly press a first foaming operation part of the large-scale component;

c: foaming the first foaming operation part of the large-sized component by using a foaming machine, and then maintaining the pressure of the formed foaming body;

d: after the pressure maintaining is finished, the top pressing device is unlocked and detached from the bottom supporting device, and then the bottom supporting device and the plurality of movable supporting devices are moved along the axis of the large part, so that the bottom supporting device is supported below the next foaming operation part of the large part and the plurality of movable supporting devices are supported below the non-foaming operation part of the large part in the foaming process of the next foaming operation part;

e: moving the top pressing device to be right above the bottom supporting device, and connecting and locking the top pressing device and the bottom supporting device to tightly press the next foaming operation part of the large-sized component;

f: foaming the next foaming operation part of the large-sized part by using a foaming machine, and then maintaining the pressure of the formed foaming body;

and D, repeatedly executing the steps D-F to carry out sectional foaming operation on the large part until the foaming and pressure maintaining of all foaming operation parts of the large part are completed.

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