CN110458903A - A kind of image processing method of coded pulse sequence - Google Patents

A kind of image processing method of coded pulse sequence Download PDF

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CN110458903A
CN110458903A CN201910691729.0A CN201910691729A CN110458903A CN 110458903 A CN110458903 A CN 110458903A CN 201910691729 A CN201910691729 A CN 201910691729A CN 110458903 A CN110458903 A CN 110458903A
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CN110458903B (en
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任全胜
赵君伟
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Peking University
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    • G06T9/002Image coding using neural networks

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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of image processing methods of coded pulse sequence, carry out multifaceted information coding to image, and the information of image different level is encoded to pulse train according to sequential relationship;It include: to convert the image into gray level image and standardization is done to the gray value of image;It is pulse by the shape of gray level image, characteristic point, color, texture coding;The pulse of coding is lined up according to setting sequence again, is combined into pulse train sequence.The present invention efficiently uses the information for the every aspect that image carries, while reducing non-critical information.For impulsive neural networks, the information completeness of the pulse train of neural network input is improved, the redundancy of information is reduced, the information processing efficiency of impulsive neural networks can be improved.For signal processing, the information capacity of information source and the code efficiency of information are improved.

Description

A kind of image processing method of coded pulse sequence
Technical field
The invention belongs to the calculating of class brain, impulsive neural networks, image coding technology field, and in particular to a kind of that image is compiled Method more particularly to a kind of image processing method applied in impulsive neural networks field of information processing of the code for pulse train.
Background technique
In recent years, class brain calculating field gradually causes the concern of numerous scholars, researcher one after another biological neuron, The fields such as connection type, impulsive neural networks expansion research, it is intended to brain be modeled to macroscopic aspect from microcosmic, further The currently artificial intelligence processes based on depth learning technology are promoted, finally realize the target of general artificial intelligence.
Impulsive neural networks (SNN, Spiking Neuron Networks) are known as " third generation neural network ", compare In numerical value deep learning neural network popular at present, impulsive neural networks are in connection type, information processing mechanism and dash forward It touches and all more has imitative brain characteristic in weight learning method, therefore be also the important research direction that class brain calculates.Pulse nerve Network processes are pulse train, and the acquisition modes of pulse train, and general there are two types of approach: one is by image according to certain Coding mode (such as: threshold coding method, Gaussian difference point-score, frequency coding method etc.) it is converted into pulse train, another kind is direct From neuromorphic camera.But at present due to neuromorphic camera is not mature enough in production technology, on purchasing channel not side Just valuableness etc. and in selling price, so that the application of neuromorphic camera is not universal, there is no actually may be used by many researchers The equipment used.Therefore, the pulse train for being now widely used in impulsive neural networks information processing is mainly derived from the first side Formula.
Method currently used for image being encoded to pulse train is lost serious, coding inefficiency etc. there is information and is asked Topic, and then become one of the reason for causing impulsive neural networks discrimination lower.Such as threshold coding method mentioned above, Embodiment is one threshold value of setting, more than the pixel excitation pulse of threshold value, lower than the pixel not excitation pulse of threshold value, which Principle is too simple so that the pulse train after coding compared to initial image, be lost a large amount of information (such as color, Texture etc.);Gaussian difference point-score is the local contrast of detection image, and the granting order of pulse is determined according to the power of contrast, This method can introduce a large amount of Gaussian noise, and then can seriously affect impulsive neural networks recognition effect;Frequency coding method is to set The frequency of fixed each pixel excitation pulse is proportional to the intensity value of the pixel, is swashed by each pixel in statistical simulation time interval The pulse number of hair, to restore the luminous intensity of the pixel, although this mode remains the intensity signal of original image, but compile Code piece image needs long simulation time, causes substantially reducing for recognition speed, inefficiency.
Summary of the invention
For image is encoded to during pulse in currently available technology, there is information to lose serious, code efficiency The problems such as low, the present invention provides a kind of new pattern pulse coding method, this method extracts original image in many levels Information greatly reduces image and is encoded into caused information loss after pulse, and encodes the pulse train fragment length of generation Shorter (generally within 10 pulse frames), effectively increases the efficiency of coding.
Core of the invention innovative point is:
The invention proposes a kind of image processing methods that image is encoded to set of pulses sequence, to the shape of gray level image Shape, characteristic point, color, texture are encoded;Coding is lined up according to setting sequence again, is combined into pulse train sequence. For this method according to human eye to the view mode of object, the process of eye-observation object is not stranghtforward, incremental : first it is seen that the appearance profile of image, then notices color, can then observe texture etc.. is substantially one It is a from the overall situation to part again to the process of details, and the emphasis of each link concern is different.Method proposed by the present invention is to image The information excavating of many levels is carried out, and the information of different level is encoded to pulse train according to sequential relationship.Therefore pulse Each pulse frame of sequence features the characteristics of image of different level, when impulsive neural networks handle this pulse train, Its treatment process is similar to the process of eye-observation things, is incremental process, is able to ascend processing result image oneself Right property and the sense of reality.
Present invention provide the technical scheme that
A kind of pattern pulse coding method carries out multifaceted information excavating and coding to image, and by different level Information is encoded to pulse train according to sequential relationship;The present invention comprises the steps of the method that image is encoded to pulse (such as attached Fig. 1):
1) input picture is subjected to change of scale, is converted into the consistent image of size (long and width is calculated as H and W respectively).
2) image of same size is converted into gray level image and standardization is done to the gray value of image.
3) shape coding is done to gray level image, first using Gaussian filter then image filtering is calculated using edge detection Method extracts the edge contour of gray level image, then profile information is done binary conversion treatment (contoured positional value is 1, no profile Positional value be 0) after be recorded in one with gray level image long (H) and the identical two-dimensional matrix of width (W), which is counted as S1.
4) characteristic point coding is done to gray level image, first determines what key feature and the characterization key feature in image needed Then characteristic point number extracts the position coordinates of characteristic point with feature point detection algorithm, re-define one long with gray level image (H) it and wide (W) identical two-dimensional matrix and is initialized as 0, position identical with characteristic point coordinate in the two-dimensional matrix is arranged It is 1, which is counted as S2;
5) color coding is done to gray level image, gray level image color (grayscale image is 256 ranks) is divided according to actual needs It is multiple sections, defines that (H) one long and wide (W) identical as grayscale image size, high (M) three-dimensional matrice identical with division number of segment S3, matrix initialisation 0.When dividing number of segment is 5 sections, M value is 5.
When it is implemented, by each color section respectively with the M of three-dimensional matrice S3 dimension scale be respectively 0 arrive M-1 two dimension Matrix is corresponding;For dividing number of segment and be 5 sections, then color be divided into 0~51,52~102,103~153,154~204, 205~255 5 sections.It is respectively respectively 0,1,2,3,4 Two-Dimensional Moment with the scale tieed up of M in three-dimensional matrice S3 by each color section Battle array is corresponding, i.e., 0~51 corresponds to S3 (M=0), and 52~102 correspond to S3 (M=1), and 103~153 correspond to S3 (M=2), 154~204 correspond to S3 (M=3), and 205~255 correspond to S3 (M=4).Then the grayscale of each pixel of gray level image is traversed Value determines the color section i (i, value range are the integer of [0, M-1]) locating for it, and by S3 (M=i) matrix and the pixel phase Value with position is set as 1.
6) texture coding is done to gray level image, looks first at the whole texture type of image, then extract one kind of image Or a variety of textures, such as roughness, direction degree, the linearity etc., re-define one it is identical with gray level image long (H) and width (W) Two-dimensional matrix is simultaneously initialized as 0, will extraction textural characteristics carry out binary conversion treatment after record in a matrix, which is counted as S4;
7) above-mentioned matrix S1~S4 is lined up according to certain setting sequence, that is, is combined into pulse train sequence S.
The pulse train of image is obtained by the above method, while characterizing original from many levels such as profile, texture, characteristic points Beginning image substantially increases the information utilization of original image.And the pulse train encoded with this method has Temporal characteristics, for it is some be good at excavation, study and identify pattern pulse sequence timing information pulse neural network algorithm and Speech (such as: the study of pattern pulse data space time information and recognition methods based on Spike cube SNN, number of patent application: 2019104814209) a kind of very matched pattern pulse sequence data type, is provided.
It should be strongly noted that handling scene, above-mentioned square for different input pictures and different pulse informations Method corresponding to battle array S1~S4 can adjust and the sequence of S1~S4 or be made according to practical application scene Adjustment.For some relatively simple application scenarios, can suitably reduce the information processing link of S1~S4, and for it is some compared with For complicated application scenarios, it can according to need and suitably increase other kinds of image processing method.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
Using pattern pulse coding method proposed by the present invention, it is not only extraction and obtains the profile of image or to image Light intensity is encoded, and even more carries out information excavating, each layer that effective use image carries to piece image from different levels The information in face, and at the same time reducing some is not particularly critical information (such as light intensity of image) for identification. For in terms of the impulsive neural networks, the present invention improves the information completeness of the pulse train of neural network input, and simultaneously The information processing efficiency of impulsive neural networks can be improved in the redundancy for reducing information.For in terms of the signal processing, the present invention The information capacity of information source is improved, and improves the code efficiency of information.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the implementation steps flow diagram of pattern pulse coding method provided by the invention.
Fig. 2 is the original image example that the embodiment of the present invention uses pulse code method to be encoded.
Fig. 3 is each dither matrix of pulse train S in the embodiment of the present invention;
Wherein, (1) is shape coding matrix S1, and (2) are characterized an encoder matrix S2, and (3)~(7) are color encoder matrix S3, (8) are texture coding matrix S4.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawing, the present invention, the model of but do not limit the invention in any way are further described by embodiment It encloses.
The present invention provides a kind of image processing method of coded pulse sequence, is a kind of new pattern pulse coding method, This method extracts the information of original image in many levels, and the information of different level is encoded to pulse sequence according to sequential relationship Column, greatly reduce image and are encoded into caused information loss after pulse, and encode the pulse train fragment length of generation compared with It is short, the efficiency of coding is effectively increased, is able to solve and image is encoded to during pulse to there is information in the prior art The problems such as losing serious, coding inefficiency.
Fig. 1 is the implementation steps flow diagram of pattern pulse coding method provided by the invention.Fig. 2 is the embodiment of the present invention The original image example encoded using pulse code method.When it is implemented, it includes such as that image, which is encoded into pulse train, Lower step:
1) example image is subjected to size change over, conversion growth and the wide respectively image of H and W;
2) image of size change over is converted into gray level image, and standardization is done to the gray value of image;
3) shape coding is carried out to gray level image, first using Gaussian filter to image filtering, then uses edge detection Algorithm extracts the edge contour of gray level image, then profile information is done binary conversion treatment (contoured positional value is 1, no wheel Wide positional value be 0) after be recorded in one with gray level image long (H) and the identical two-dimensional matrix of width (W), which is counted as S1.(1) in Fig. 3 is the shape coding matrix S1 that the present embodiment obtains;
4) characteristic point coding is done to gray level image, first determines what key feature and the characterization key feature in image needed Then characteristic point number extracts the position coordinates of characteristic point with feature point detection algorithm, re-define one long with gray level image (H) it and wide (W) identical two-dimensional matrix and is initialized as 0, position identical with characteristic point coordinate in two bit matrix is arranged It is 1, which is counted as S2;(2) in Fig. 3 are the characteristic point encoder matrix S2 that the present embodiment obtains;
5) color coding is done to gray level image, image color (grayscale image is 256 ranks) is divided into according to actual needs more A section, defines that (H) one long and wide (W) identical as grayscale image size, high (M) three-dimensional matrice S3 identical with division number of segment, square Battle array is initialized as 0.
When it is implemented, then color is divided into 0~51,52~102,103~153,154 for dividing number of segment and be 5 sections ~204,205~255 5 sections.Each color section is tieed up with M in three-dimensional matrice S3 to two that scale is respectively 0,1,2,3,4 respectively It is corresponding to tie up matrix, i.e., 0~51 corresponds to S3 (M=0), and 52~102 correspond to S3 (M=1), and 103~153 correspond to S3 (M= 2), 154~204 correspond to S3 (M=3), and 205~255 correspond to S3 (M=4).Then the ash of each pixel of gray level image is traversed Rank value determines the color section i (i, value range are the integer of [0, M-1]) locating for it, and by S3 (M=i) matrix and the pixel The value of same position is set as 1.(3)~(7) in Fig. 3 are the color encoder matrix S3 that the present embodiment obtains.
6) texture coding is done to gray level image, looks first at the whole texture type of image, then extract one kind of image Or a variety of textures, such as roughness, direction degree, the linearity etc., re-define one it is identical with gray level image long (H) and width (W) Two-dimensional matrix is simultaneously initialized as 0, will extraction textural characteristics carry out binary conversion treatment after record in a matrix, which is counted as S4;, (8) in Fig. 3 are the texture coding matrix S4 that the present embodiment obtains.
7) above-mentioned matrix S1~S4 is lined up according to certain setting sequence, that is, is combined into pulse train sequence S.
The pulse train of image is obtained by the above method, while characterizing original from many levels such as profile, texture, characteristic points Beginning image substantially increases the information utilization of original image.And the pulse train encoded with this method has Temporal characteristics, and for some pulse neural network algorithms for being good at excavation pulse train timing information (such as: it is based on The pattern pulse data space time information of Spike cubeSNN learns and recognition methods, number of patent application: 2019104814209), Provide a kind of very matched pattern pulse sequence data type.
It should be noted that the purpose for publicizing and implementing example is to help to further understand the present invention, but the skill of this field Art personnel, which are understood that, not to be departed from the present invention and spirit and scope of the appended claims, and various substitutions and modifications are all It is possible.Therefore, the present invention should not be limited to embodiment disclosure of that, and the scope of protection of present invention is with claim Subject to the range that book defines.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of pattern pulse coding method, multifaceted information coding carried out to image, and by the information of image different level Pulse train is encoded to according to sequential relationship;The following steps are included:
1) input picture is subjected to change of scale, obtains the long and wide respectively image of H and W;
2) gray level image is converted the image to, and the gray value of image is standardized;
3) shape coding is carried out to gray level image;Include:
31) first to image filtering;
32) edge contour of gray level image then is extracted, then profile information is subjected to binary conversion treatment, contoured positional value It is 1, the positional value of no profile is 0;
33) value of binaryzation is recorded in the two-dimensional matrix of a H*W, which is counted as S1;
4) characteristic point coding is carried out to gray level image, comprising:
41) the characteristic point number that key feature and characterization key feature in image need first is determined;
42) position coordinates of characteristic point are then extracted with feature point detection algorithm;
43) it re-defines the two-dimensional matrix S2 of a H*W and is initialized as 0, it will be identical with characteristic point coordinate in the two-dimensional matrix Position is set as 1;
5) color coding is carried out to gray level image, comprising:
51) gray level image color is 256 ranks, and gray level image color is divided into multiple sections;
52) the three-dimensional matrice S3 of a H*W*M is defined, wherein M is the number of segment that color divides;
53) three-dimensional matrice S3 is initialized as 0;
54) each color section is corresponding with the dimension M of three-dimensional matrice S3 respectively;Will each color section respectively with three-dimensional matrice S3 M dimension scale be respectively 0 to M-1 two-dimensional matrix it is corresponding;
55) grayscale value for traversing each pixel of gray level image determines that color section i, the i value locating for it is 0~M-1;By the color The value of the same position of the pixel is set as 1 in the dimension S3 matrix of Mi corresponding to color section;
6) texture coding is carried out to gray level image, comprising:
61) according to the texture type of image, one or more textures of image are extracted;
62) the two-dimensional matrix S4 of a H*W is defined, and is initialized as 0;
63) it is recorded in two-dimensional matrix S4 after the textural characteristics of extraction being carried out binary conversion treatment;
7) above-mentioned matrix S1~S4 is lined up according to setting sequence, that is, is combined into pulse train sequence S;
Through the above steps, realize that by image stage construction information coding be pulse train.
2. pattern pulse coding method as described in claim 1, characterized in that in step 3), specifically used Gaussian filter To image filtering;Specifically used edge detection algorithm extracts the edge contour of gray level image.
3. pattern pulse coding method as described in claim 1, characterized in that in step 5), the number of segment that color divides is 5 Section, respectively grayscale value 0~51,52~102,103~153,154~204,205~255;Color section i value range be [0, 4] integer.
4. pattern pulse coding method as described in claim 1, characterized in that step 6) carries out texture volume to gray level image Code, the texture includes one of roughness, direction degree, the linearity or a variety of.
5. pattern pulse coding method as described in claim 1, characterized in that according to different input pictures and different arteries and veins Information processing scene is rushed, can adjust acquisition methods corresponding to matrix S1~S4.
6. pattern pulse coding method as described in claim 1, characterized in that matrix S1~S4 is arranged in order by step 7) Get up to be combined into pulse train sequence S.
7. the pulse train encoded using the pattern pulse coding method described in claim 1~6 to image is answered For the study of pattern pulse data space time information and identifying processing.
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CN112529047A (en) * 2020-11-23 2021-03-19 广州大学 Countermeasure sample generation method based on gradient shielding
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CN114466153A (en) * 2022-04-13 2022-05-10 深圳时识科技有限公司 Self-adaptive pulse generation method and device, brain-like chip and electronic equipment
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