CN110455453A - A kind of mobile vibration-testing apparatus and cable tension test method - Google Patents
A kind of mobile vibration-testing apparatus and cable tension test method Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01L5/04—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring tension in flexible members, e.g. ropes, cables, wires, threads, belts or bands
- G01L5/042—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring tension in flexible members, e.g. ropes, cables, wires, threads, belts or bands by measuring vibrational characteristics of the flexible member
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of mobile vibration-testing apparatus and cable tension test methods, mobile vibration-testing apparatus includes ontology, control unit and storage unit, ontology is equipped with traveling unit and test cell, traveling unit is for driving ontology traveling, test cell includes vibrating sensor, vibrating sensor is for acquiring vibration signal, control unit is connected with traveling unit, test cell, storage unit respectively, control unit is for controlling traveling unit, test cell and storage unit, and storage unit is for storing vibration signal;Cable tension test method is starting test device, traveling unit drives ontology along rope component traveling, test cell follow-on test rope component vibrates during traveling, and is sent to control unit, and testing time and vibration signal are sent to storage unit and stored by control unit;Rope component both ends constraint condition is identified according to vibration signal, acquires the Suo Li of rope component.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to cable tension test technical field, in particular to a kind of mobile vibration-testing apparatus and cable tension test side
Method.
Background technique
Rope component is common primary structure member in civil engineering, as the suspension cable in cable-stayed bridge, the hoist cable in suspension bridge, under
The sunpender in formula arch bridge, Cable dome in building etc. are held, rope component participates in total stress by tension, and stress is straight
The safety and reliability for being related to total is connect, the Suo Li for accurately identifying rope component is most important.
Currently, the test method of rope component Suo Li mainly has hydraulic jack method of testing, pressure sensor method of testing, strain
Sensor method of testing, magnetic flux transducer method of testing, vibrating sensor method of testing etc..But in actual application, each method
There is certain deficiency.
(1) hydraulic jack method of testing
It usually requires to carry out tensioning to it using hydraulic jack in rope component mounting process, it is hydraulic by reading at this time
The hydraulic meter reading of jack and according to formula scales, can obtain the stretching rope power of rope component.This method is not necessarily to additional test equipment,
Have the advantages that principle is simple, convenient test.But this method is only applicable to rope component pulling anchor cable stage, is not suitable for after tensioning
Special installation hydraulic jack carries out cable tension test.
(2) pressure sensor method of testing
In rope component mounting process, pressure sensor can be installed in the anchored end of rope component and Suo Li is tested.It should
Method directly measures Suo Li, has many advantages, such as that measuring accuracy is high, test result is stable, is easily achieved on-line testing.But
Pressure sensor involves great expense, and usually only installs on crucial rope component, is not suitable for the cable tension test of a large amount of rope components.
(3) magnetic flux transducer method of testing
Magnetic flux transducer is installed on rope component, the magnetic flux for the rope component Steel material being placed in magnetic field is surveyed
Amount can calculate rope component magnetic conductivity according to magnetic density and magnetic field strength, and magnetic conductivity and the stress of Steel material are related with temperature,
Therefore Suo Li variable quantity can be calculated by magnetic conductivity variable quantity.Magnetic flux transducer has many advantages, such as that simple structure, durability are good, and straight
The magnetic flux for connecing measurement Steel material, not by outer layer protection Effect of Materials.But this method can only measure the variable quantity of rope component Suo Li,
It needs just to start tracking and testing in rope component erection stage, while the test result of this method is vulnerable to temperature interference.
(4) vibrating sensor method of testing
By Chord vibration theory it is found that the vibration frequency of rope component is related with pulling force, length, quality and rigidity.In rope structure
Vibrating sensor is installed on part, the oscillation crosswise of rope component is tested, the drawing of rope can be calculated according to the vibration frequency of rope
Power.This method is low in cost, easy to operate, suitable for the cable tension test in each stage such as installing, runing, monitor in structure construction,
The fields such as loading test and health monitoring have wide application space.But the test result of this method is by rope component both ends
Constraint condition is affected, usually assume that rope component both ends constraint condition be it is hinged or affixed, using only the vibration of rope component
Frequency calculates the pulling force of rope, however, the vibration shape of rope is equally with the pulling force of rope there are corresponding relationship, this hypothesis reduces Suo Li
The precision of test result.
Accordingly, it is considered to which the identification to rope both ends constraint condition may be implemented in the vibration frequency of rope and the vibration shape, in identification rope two
Suo Li is calculated again after the constraint condition of end, is remarkably improved the measuring accuracy of Suo Li.The vibration shape of rope is made of two class components,
One kind is sinusoidal component, and one kind is hyperbolic components.The key of identification rope both ends constraint condition is then to be precisely separated above-mentioned two class
Component.2018, Chen et al. proposed the fitting side of the rope component vibration shape sinusoidal component based on the test of multiple vibrating sensors
Method, but this method has the disadvantage that
(A) uniformly distributed multiple vibrating sensors on rope component are needed, there are deficiencies difficult to install, particularly with perpendicular
The long rope component directly installed is installed vibrating sensor at an upper portion thereof and is difficult to realize;
(B) when laying vibrating sensor lazy weight, by the serious fitting essence for reducing rope component Higher-order Sine vibration shape component
Degree, laying sufficient amount of vibrating sensor again reduces the economic benefit of this method;
(C) the vibrating sensor position for needing precisely to adjust neighbouring bitter end portion according to engineering experience just can guarantee sinusoidal point
The accuracy of fitting is measured, and then guarantees the correctness of cable tension test result.The vibrating sensor installation position in neighbouring bitter end portion, needs
It artificially to be adjusted according to engineering experience, introduce biggish human interference factor to cable tension test result, significantly limit
The popularization and application of this method.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the above-mentioned deficiency in the presence of the prior art, a kind of simple installation, test are provided
Precision height, the mobile vibration-testing apparatus of application easy to spread and cable tension test method.
In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention provides following technical schemes:
A kind of mobile vibration-testing apparatus, including ontology, control unit and storage unit.
The ontology is equipped with traveling unit and test cell, and the traveling unit is for driving the ontology traveling, institute
Stating test cell includes vibrating sensor, and the vibrating sensor is for acquiring vibration signal;
Described control unit is connected with the traveling unit, test cell, storage unit respectively, and described control unit is used
In the control traveling unit, test cell and storage unit;
The storage unit is for storing the vibration signal.
Mobile vibration-testing apparatus of the present invention be equipped with traveling unit, can along rope component overall length traveling, thus
The vibration signal that rope component overall length can be measured by a test device avoids and lays multiple vibrating sensors and adjust
The position precision problem that end portion vibration sensor position is faced not only increases rope component ends constraint condition and the knowledge of Suo Li
Other result precision, and reduce vibrating sensor quantity, save testing cost, simple installation, application easy to spread.
Preferably, the traveling unit includes motor and multiple travelling wheels, and the motor is for driving the traveling to rotate
Dynamic, for the travelling wheel for driving the ontology traveling, structure is simple, is easily installed.
Preferably, the ontology is columnar structured, convenient for being set on rope component.
Preferably, the ontology is anchor ear, is made of, is easily installed to rope component two semi-annular shape components.
Preferably, two end faces of the ontology are respectively equipped with microswitch one and microswitch two, the microswitch
One, microswitch two is connected with described control unit.
Preferably, the microswitch one and microswitch two include button, spring leaf and contact, the button and touching
It is connected between head by spring leaf.When a button is pressed, spring leaf and contact are in contact, to send electric signal to control
Unit.
Preferably, the power supply unit is connected with the traveling unit, test cell, control unit, storage unit respectively
It connects, the power supply unit is used to power to test device.
Preferably, described control unit is single-chip microcontroller, and the storage unit includes flash card, and the power supply unit includes electricity
Pond and power switch, the power switch is for being switched on or switched off power supply.
Preferably, described control unit, storage unit and power supply unit are respectively provided on the body, Integration Design,
Structure is more small-sized, light.Certainly, described control unit, storage unit and power supply unit can also be not provided on the body,
It only needs to be connected with traveling unit, test cell.
The invention also discloses a kind of cable tension test methods, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: a kind of mobile vibration-testing apparatus is mounted on to one end of rope component;
Step 2: starting test device, traveling unit drive ontology along rope component traveling to the other end of rope component, In
Test cell follow-on test rope component vibrates during traveling, and vibration signal is sent to control unit, and control unit will be surveyed
Examination time and collected vibration signal are sent to storage unit and are stored;
Step 3: according to the traveling speed of testing time and traveling unit, the time domain vibration signal measured is converted into edge
The spatial domain vibration signal in rope component length direction;Spatial domain vibration signal is decomposed, rope component difference order is obtained
Oscillating component;Different order oscillating components are handled, the vibration frequency and sine vibration shape component of each order of rope component are obtained;
Vibration frequency and sinusoidal vibration shape component based on rope component difference order, identify rope component both ends constraint condition, acquire
The Suo Li of rope component.
Cable tension test method of the present invention continuously measures the vibration of rope component overall length by mobile vibration-testing apparatus
Signal avoids and lays multiple vibrating sensors and adjust the position precision problem that end sensor position is faced;It reuses
Signal space decomposition technique isolates the sinusoidal vibration shape component of rope component difference order, and sinusoidal vibration shape component is fitted used pole
For value point quantity much larger than the match point quantity in existing method, obtained sinusoidal vibration shape component fitting result is more accurate.Therefore,
The automatic test of rope component vibration signal is realized, while realizing the high-precision fitting of rope component sine vibration shape component, is had
Effect improves rope component ends constraint condition and the recognition result precision of Suo Li.
Preferably, in the step 2, start the process of test device are as follows: open power switch, microswitch one and rope
Conduit is in contact and triggers, and sends electric signal to control unit, control unit starts traveling unit, test after receiving electric signal
Unit and storage unit.
Preferably, in the step 2, when the other end of the traveling unit traveling to rope component, two He of microswitch
Cable guide pipe is in contact and triggers, and sends electric signal to control unit, control unit switches traveling unit after receiving electric signal
Direction of travel,
When microswitch one is in contact and triggers with cable guide pipe again, to control unit, control unit connects transmission electric signal
Traveling unit, test cell and storage unit are closed after receiving electric signal, terminates test.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention:
Mobile vibration-testing apparatus of the present invention be equipped with traveling unit, can along rope component overall length traveling, thus
The vibration signal that rope component overall length can be measured by a test device avoids and lays multiple vibrating sensors and adjust
The position precision problem that end portion vibration sensor position is faced not only increases rope component ends constraint condition and the knowledge of Suo Li
Other result precision, and reduce vibrating sensor quantity, save testing cost, simple installation, application easy to spread.
Cable tension test method of the present invention continuously measures the vibration of rope component overall length by mobile vibration-testing apparatus
Signal avoids and lays multiple vibrating sensors and adjust the position precision problem that end sensor position is faced;It reuses
Signal space decomposition technique isolates the sinusoidal vibration shape component of rope component difference order, and sinusoidal vibration shape component is fitted used pole
For value point quantity much larger than the match point quantity in existing method, obtained sinusoidal vibration shape component fitting result is more accurate.Therefore,
The automatic test of rope component vibration signal is realized, while realizing the high-precision fitting of rope component sine vibration shape component, is had
Effect improves rope component ends constraint condition and the recognition result precision of Suo Li.
Detailed description of the invention:
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of of the present invention one mobile vibration-testing apparatus.
Fig. 2 is scheme of installation of the of the present invention one mobile vibration-testing apparatus on rope component.
Marked in the figure: 1- ontology, 2- motor, 3- travelling wheel, 4- vibrating sensor, 5- microswitch one, 6- single-chip microcontroller, 7-
Battery, 8- power switch, 9- card slot, 10- flash card, 11- microswitch two, 12- rope component, 13- cable guide pipe.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to test example and specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.But this should not be understood
It is all that this is belonged to based on the technology that the content of present invention is realized for the scope of the above subject matter of the present invention is limited to the following embodiments
The range of invention.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of mobile vibration-testing apparatus, including columnar ontology 1, the ontology 1 is anchor ear, by two
A semi-annular shape component composition, consequently facilitating on installation to rope component 12.
The ontology 1 is equipped with traveling unit, test cell, control unit, storage unit and power supply unit.
The traveling unit includes motor 2 and multiple travelling wheels 3, and the motor 2 is connected with multiple travelling wheels 3, multiple
Travelling wheel 3 is symmetrical arranged on the ontology 1, and for driving the travelling wheel 3 to rotate, the travelling wheel 3 is used for the motor 2
Drive the ontology 1 along 12 traveling of rope component.
The test cell includes a vibrating sensor 4, and the vibrating sensor 4 is used to acquire vibration signal, such as
Acceleration, speed or displacement.
Described control unit is connected with the traveling unit, test cell, storage unit respectively, and described control unit is used
In controlling the traveling unit, test cell and storage unit, in the present embodiment, described control unit is single-chip microcontroller 6.
For storing the collected vibration signal of the vibrating sensor 4, the storage unit includes the storage unit
Flash card 10, the ontology 1 are equipped with card slot 9, and the flash card 10 is placed in the card slot 9.
The power supply unit is connected with the traveling unit, test cell, control unit, storage unit respectively, described
Power supply unit is used to power to test device.The power supply unit includes battery 7 and power switch 8, and the power switch 8 is used for
It is switched on or switched off power supply.
Two end faces of the ontology 1 are respectively equipped with microswitch 1 and microswitch 2 11, the microswitch 1,
Microswitch 2 11 is connected with control unit.The microswitch 1 and microswitch 2 11 include button, spring leaf
And contact, it is connected between the button and contact by spring leaf.When a button is pressed, spring leaf and contact are in contact,
To send electric signal to control unit.
Embodiment 2
A kind of cable tension test method, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: a kind of mobile vibration-testing apparatus described in embodiment 1 is mounted on to one end of rope component 12, such as Fig. 2
It is shown;
Step 2: opening power switch 8, and microswitch 1 and cable guide pipe 13 are in contact and trigger, and sends electric signal to list
Piece machine 6, single-chip microcontroller 6 start traveling unit, test cell and storage unit after receiving electric signal, and travelling wheel 3 drives 1 edge of ontology
The other end of 12 traveling of rope component to rope component 12, the vibration of 4 follow-on test rope component 12 of vibrating sensor during traveling
It is dynamic, and vibration signal is sent to single-chip microcontroller 6, testing time and collected vibration signal are sent to flash card by single-chip microcontroller 6
10 are stored;
When the other end of 3 traveling of travelling wheel to rope component 12, microswitch 2 11 and cable guide pipe 13 are in contact simultaneously
Triggering sends electric signal to single-chip microcontroller 6, and single-chip microcontroller 6 receives the direction of travel of switching travelling wheel 3 after electric signal;
Travelling wheel 3 drives ontology 1 to carry out reversed traveling, until microswitch 1 is in contact and touches with cable guide pipe 13 again
Hair sends electric signal to single-chip microcontroller 6, and single-chip microcontroller 6 closes traveling unit, test cell and storage unit after receiving electric signal,
Terminate test.
8 are turned off the power switch, flash card 10 is taken out, test data is copied to computer.
Step 3: the sinusoidal vibration shape component of the different orders of rope component 12 is isolated using signal space decomposition technique and is calculated
Respective frequencies acquire the Suo Li of rope component to identify to 12 both ends constraint condition of rope component, specific:
(1) according to the traveling speed of testing time and traveling unit, the time domain vibration signal measured is converted into along rope structure
The spatial domain vibration signal of part length direction;
(2) use experience mode decomposition decomposes spatial domain vibration signal, obtains the vibration of rope component difference order
Component;
(3) it is handled using Fourier transform pairs difference order oscillating component, obtains the vibration frequency of each order of rope component
Rate;
(4) vibration shape of the corresponding rope component of variation of the extreme point amplitude of oscillating component in rope component length direction, to difference
The extreme point amplitude of order oscillating component is fitted, and obtains the sinusoidal vibration shape component of each order of rope component.
After the vibration frequency and the sinusoidal vibration shape component that obtain rope component difference order, rope component both ends constraint condition is carried out
Identification, and then can accurately acquire the Suo Li of rope component.
Above embodiments are only to illustrate the present invention and not limit the technical scheme described by the invention, although this explanation
The present invention has been described in detail referring to above-mentioned each embodiment for book, but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned specific implementation
Mode, therefore any couple of present invention modifies or equivalent replacement;And the technical side of all spirit and scope for not departing from invention
Case and its improvement, are intended to be within the scope of the claims of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of mobile vibration-testing apparatus, which is characterized in that including ontology, control unit and storage unit,
The ontology is equipped with traveling unit and test cell, and the traveling unit is for driving the ontology traveling, the survey
Trying unit includes vibrating sensor, and the vibrating sensor is used to acquire vibration signal,
Described control unit is connected with the traveling unit, test cell, storage unit respectively, and described control unit is for controlling
The traveling unit, test cell and storage unit are made,
The storage unit is for storing the vibration signal.
2. a kind of mobile vibration-testing apparatus according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the traveling unit includes motor
With multiple travelling wheels, the motor is for driving the travelling wheel to rotate, and the travelling wheel is for driving the ontology traveling.
3. a kind of mobile vibration-testing apparatus according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the ontology is cylinder-shaped knot
Structure.
4. a kind of mobile vibration-testing apparatus according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the ontology is anchor ear.
5. a kind of mobile vibration-testing apparatus according to claim 1, which is characterized in that two end faces of the ontology point
Not She You microswitch one and microswitch two, the microswitch one, microswitch two are connected with described control unit.
6. -5 any a kind of mobile vibration-testing apparatus according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include having power supply list
Member, the power supply unit are connected with the traveling unit, test cell, control unit, storage unit respectively, the power supply list
Member to test device for powering.
7. a kind of mobile vibration-testing apparatus according to claim 6, which is characterized in that described control unit is monolithic
Machine, the storage unit include flash card, and the power supply unit includes battery and power switch, and the power switch is for connecting
Or disconnect power supply.
8. a kind of cable tension test method, which comprises the following steps:
Step 1: a kind of mobile vibration-testing apparatus as claimed in claim 1 is mounted on to one end of rope component;
Step 2: starting test device, traveling unit drives ontology along the traveling of rope component to the other end of rope component, in traveling
Test cell follow-on test rope component vibrates in the process, and vibration signal is sent to control unit, when control unit will test
Between and collected vibration signal be sent to storage unit and stored;
Step 3: according to the traveling speed of testing time and traveling unit, the time domain vibration signal measured is converted into along rope structure
The spatial domain vibration signal of part length direction;Spatial domain vibration signal is decomposed, the vibration of rope component difference order is obtained
Component;Different order oscillating components are handled, the vibration frequency and sine vibration shape component of each order of rope component are obtained;It is based on
The vibration frequency of rope component difference order and sinusoidal vibration shape component, identify rope component both ends constraint condition, acquire rope structure
The Suo Li of part.
9. a kind of cable tension test method according to claim 8, which is characterized in that in the step 2,
Start the process of test device are as follows: open power switch, microswitch one and cable guide pipe are in contact and trigger, and send telecommunications
Number control unit is given, control unit, which receives, starts traveling unit, test cell and storage unit after electric signal.
10. a kind of cable tension test method according to claim 9, which is characterized in that in the step 2,
When the other end of the traveling unit traveling to rope component, microswitch two and cable guide pipe are in contact and trigger, and send
For electric signal to control unit, control unit receives the direction of travel of switching traveling unit after electric signal,
When microswitch one is in contact and triggers with cable guide pipe again, to control unit, control unit receives transmission electric signal
Traveling unit, test cell and storage unit are closed after electric signal, terminate test.
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Cited By (1)
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CN113421224A (en) * | 2021-05-27 | 2021-09-21 | 合肥工业大学 | Cable structure health monitoring method and system based on vision |
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