CN110455039A - Low-temperature circulating formula dryer - Google Patents
Low-temperature circulating formula dryer Download PDFInfo
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- CN110455039A CN110455039A CN201910841862.XA CN201910841862A CN110455039A CN 110455039 A CN110455039 A CN 110455039A CN 201910841862 A CN201910841862 A CN 201910841862A CN 110455039 A CN110455039 A CN 110455039A
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- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 160
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 134
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 59
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 18
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007791 dehumidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012279 drainage procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B1/00—Preliminary treatment of solid materials or objects to facilitate drying, e.g. mixing or backmixing the materials to be dried with predominantly dry solids
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/004—Nozzle assemblies; Air knives; Air distributors; Blow boxes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B23/00—Heating arrangements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B23/00—Heating arrangements
- F26B23/10—Heating arrangements using tubes or passages containing heated fluids, e.g. acting as radiative elements; Closed-loop systems
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
- F26B25/001—Handling, e.g. loading or unloading arrangements
- F26B25/002—Handling, e.g. loading or unloading arrangements for bulk goods
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
- F26B3/32—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by development of heat within the materials or objects to be dried, e.g. by fermentation or other microbiological action
- F26B3/34—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by development of heat within the materials or objects to be dried, e.g. by fermentation or other microbiological action by using electrical effects
- F26B3/347—Electromagnetic heating, e.g. induction heating or heating using microwave energy
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B9/00—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards
- F26B9/06—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards in stationary drums or chambers
- F26B9/063—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards in stationary drums or chambers for drying granular material in bulk, e.g. grain bins or silos with false floor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B2200/00—Drying processes and machines for solid materials characterised by the specific requirements of the drying good
- F26B2200/06—Grains, e.g. cereals, wheat, rice, corn
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of low-temperature circulating formula dryers, including tower body and elevator, several groups drying system is formed in tower body, every group of drying system includes diffusion part, drying section and preheating part, cereal to be dried is preheated in preheating part first, the diffusion that heat and moisture are carried out subsequently into diffusion part, finally enters drying section and is thermally dried；The diffusion part of the drying system of the preheating part and lower layer of the drying system on upper layer connects, and is connected between the diffusion part of the drying system of the preheating part and top layer of undermost drying system by elevator, forms the closed cycle of cereal circulation.The present invention had not only maintained existing low-temperature circulating formula dryer the advantages of guaranteeing in terms of grain quality, but also improved grain dry speed, reduces dry energy consumption.So as to allow the cost of cereal mechanical drying really to be received by peasant, while it being also beneficial to modernization new countryside construction, there is significant economic benefit and social benefit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of agricultural machinery, are specifically related to a kind of low-temperature circulating formula dryer.
Background technique
Traditional grain dry technology is to utilize preservation of putting in storage after natural sunlight drying by ground on the scene.By harvesting season
The restriction of rainy days, China every year because harvested cereal because weather reason caused by grain loss, 5%-8% it
Between.That is China is lost caused by cannot drying in time rainy days because grain encounters after gathering at 50,000,000 tons or more,
Close to the grain aggregate of the annual import in China.In order to reduce grain loss, the anti-disaster ability of grain-production process is improved.Modern paddy
In object production technology System Construction, grain drying machine is substituted into natural drying, becomes the standard configuration of China's agricultural modernization construction.
The grain drying machine supplied currently on the market is largely low-temperature circulating formula dryer, and such dryer is generally existing
Drying rate is slow, low efficiency, and energy consumption is high.It is promoted by several wheels, to the end of the year 2018, popularity rate is still less than 30%.And wherein
There are also part peasant households to abandon the dryer built.The main reason for it is abandoned is that the energy consumption of drying machine drying is big, root
The energy of data according to statistics, fuel oil drying consumption reaches 240 yuan/ton (cereal), and the energy consumption of fire coal drying reaches 100-120
Yuan/ton.It is calculated by existing rice procurement price, this cost has accounted for the 10% of rice income from sales.Agriculture life is also resulted in simultaneously
The highly energy-consuming of production, mechanical drying energy consumption will be with other agricultural operations: ploughing, rake, kind, pipe machinery energy consumption remain basically stable.Increase
The discharge of great amount of carbon dioxide aggravates environmental pressure, is unfavorable for modernizing the construction of sustainable agriculture.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention proposes a kind of low-temperature circulating formula dryer, has both maintained existing low temperature
Circle-type drier improves grain dry speed, reduces dry energy consumption the advantages of guaranteeing in terms of grain quality.
So as to allow the cost of cereal mechanical drying really to be received by peasant, while being also beneficial to modernization new countryside construction, tool
There are significant economic benefit and social benefit.
The technical scheme of the present invention is realized as follows:
A kind of low-temperature circulating formula dryer, including tower body and elevator are formed in the tower body a group or more of
End to end drying system, every group of drying system include the diffusion part, drying section and preheating part set gradually from top to bottom, to
Dry cereal is preheated in the preheating part first, and the diffusion of heat and moisture is carried out subsequently into the diffusion part,
The drying section is finally entered to be thermally dried；The diffusion part of the drying system of the preheating part and lower layer of the drying system on upper layer
It connects, is connected between the diffusion part of the drying system of the preheating part and top layer of undermost drying system by the elevator
It connects, forms the closed cycle of cereal circulation.
Further, the first heat source system and air-introduced machine, first heat source system are used to the drying section heat drying
System is passed through dry-air blast into the drying section of the drying system by air inlet pipeline, and the air-introduced machine passes through described in exhaust pipeline discharge
Dry-air blast in drying section.
Further, the air inlet pipeline includes entering the wind general pipeline, several winding pipes of the connection air inlet general pipeline, air draft
General pipeline is set to the side of the tower body, the row with several air exhaust branch pipes for being connected to the air draft general pipeline, the air inlet general pipeline
Wind general pipeline is set to the opposite other side of the tower body, and several winding pipes are intervally arranged in the drying section, described
Several air outlets are arranged in the bottom of winding pipe, and an air exhaust branch pipe, institute is arranged between the two neighboring winding pipe
Several air inlets are arranged in the top for stating air exhaust branch pipe.
Further, preheating is carried out using Secondary Heat Source system and preheating apparatus, the preheating to the preheating part
Device includes several preheating rollers that lateral separation is arranged in the preheating part, and the preheating roller rotational installation is in described pre-
On the tower body in hot portion, several preheating fins radially extended, several preheatings are formed on the preheating outer surface of cylinder
The axially spaced arrangement of fin；The preheating roller and the preheating fin are Heat Conduction Material, are formed in the preheating roller
There is the first pre- hot flow path flowed through for heating agent, the Secondary Heat Source system is heat pump heating system, comes from the heat pump system
The heating agent of system heats the preheating roller and the preheating fin when flowing through the first pre- hot flow path；Two neighboring preheating roller
Between be provided with the deflector of top guidance Grain flow from from the feed inlet of the preheating part to the preheating roller.
Further, several conduction vanes radially extended, Ruo Gansuo are formed on the outer surface of the preheating roller
Conduction vanes are stated along the circumferentially-spaced arrangement of the preheating roller.
Further, the preheating apparatus further includes the driving mechanism for driving the preheating roller to rotate.
Further, the deflector is Heat Conduction Material, and the second preheating flowed through for heating agent is formed in the deflector
Runner, the heating agent from the Secondary Heat Source system heat the deflector when flowing through the second pre- hot flow path.
Further, the back side of the deflector, which is formed, is equipped with serpentine-like heating pipe, comes from the Secondary Heat Source system
The heating agent of system heats the deflector when flowing through the heating pipe.
Further, preheating is carried out using third heat source system and preheating apparatus, the preheating to the preheating part
Device includes several preheating rollers that lateral separation is arranged in the preheating part, and the preheating roller rotational installation is in described pre-
On the tower body in hot portion, several preheating fins radially extended, several preheatings are formed on the preheating outer surface of cylinder
The axially spaced arrangement of fin；The preheating roller and the preheating fin are Heat Conduction Material, and the third heat source system is
It is installed on the preheating roller or microwave heating equipment or far infrared heater in the preheating part；Two neighboring preheating
It is provided between roller from the feed inlet of the preheating part to the deflector of the top guidance Grain flow of the preheating roller.
Further, a plurality of first be set side by side in the horizontal direction is equipped between the diffusion part and the drying section
Shape channel；A plurality of the second strip channel being set side by side in the horizontal direction is equipped between the drying section and the preheating part；Institute
It states and is equipped with a plurality of third strip channel being set side by side in the horizontal direction between preheating part and the diffusion part.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the innovative design drying process of cereal, drying system is divided into from top to bottom
Diffusion part, drying section and the preheating part set gradually, and carry out cereal to be dried in drying course first in preheating part
Preheating carries out the diffusion of heat and moisture subsequently into diffusion part, finally enters drying section and be thermally dried；In this way, pre-
In hot portion's (or referred to as pre-heating cabin), preheating technology is retained using cereal, cereal kernel temperature is suitably promoted, to improve cereal
The activity of seed internal moisture accelerates speed of the core moisture to surface migration, and then improves drying rate.Such as it can be by paddy
Object is preheating to 10 DEG C higher than environment temperature or more, and the maximum temperature of cereal is controlled at 38 DEG C hereinafter, in this way, both can be effective
The activity of cereal internal moisture is improved, and may insure that cereal bioactivity is not injured.When due to just heating inside and outside cereal, paddy
All there is temperature unevenness between object difference seed, therefore, cereal is made to enter diffusion part rather than drying section after preheat, it can
Cereal is set to stop the reasonable time within diffusion part (or being known as diffusion storehouse), it is ensured that the expansion of cereal kernel internal temperature, moisture
It dissipates uniform.I.e. as cereal outflow preheating part enters diffusion part, cereal transmits heat from each other in diffusion part, can make temperature
The heat of high part is automatically passed to the low part of temperature, while the cereal internal moisture also core transfer spreading high from moisture
The surface low to moisture, by certain time, moisture and temperature inside cereal all reach unanimity, then enter back into drying section into
Row heat drying can be such that cereal is uniformly heated, and accelerate rate of drying, that is, the cereal after spreading enters drying section, in drying
Portion's cereal is brushed by dry-air blast, can take away the moisture on cereal surface when dry-air blast flows through cereal surface, completes a drying process.
If a drying process is unable to satisfy drying when needing, tower body can be divided into multiple groups drying system, for example be designed to 2 groups
Or 2 groups or more of drying system.At this point, the diffusion part of the drying system of the preheating part and lower layer of the drying system on upper layer connects,
It is connected between the diffusion part of the drying system of the preheating part and top layer of undermost drying system by elevator, forms one
The closed cycle of cereal circulation.Enter next group of drying system by the cereal of first drying, supplement preheating is carried out to cereal, is expanded
It dissipates and dry, is recycled into next round.In this way, cereal is after the drying course of 10 to 15 wheels, moisture content can reach
To setting value, dries overall process and complete.
According to comparative test, under conditions of not increasing drying machine drying power, dried using dryer after the present invention program
Dry speed can accelerate 30% or more, and specific energy consumption saves 32% or more.Drying cereal stir (circulation) number decline 50% with
On.0.5% or more cereal percentage of damage decline.If advanced optimizing design dry gas stream, heating method, Yi Jiyin in the design
Into intelligent drying and expert system, dryer energy consumption is expected to further decrease, this is effectively reduced the agricultural cost of peasant.To complete
For society, the reduction of grain heat-drying energy consumption is also beneficial to China's energy-saving and emission-reduction, reduces agricultural production energy consumption, is conducive to
The all-round popularization application for realizing agricultural product mechanization dry technology, improves the stability and reliability of grain-production.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the front view of low-temperature circulating formula dryer of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the side view of low-temperature circulating formula dryer of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the drying section of low-temperature circulating formula dryer of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of the preheating part of low-temperature circulating formula dryer of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
It is more obvious and easy to understand to enable the invention to, a specific embodiment of the invention is done with reference to the accompanying drawing detailed
Explanation.For convenience of description, each component part does not press normal rates scaling in the structure of embodiment attached drawing, therefore does not represent in embodiment
The practical relative size of each structure.
Fig. 1 is the front view of low-temperature circulating formula dryer of the present invention；Fig. 2 is the side view of low-temperature circulating formula dryer of the present invention
Figure；Referring to Fig. 1, a kind of low-temperature circulating formula dryer, including tower body 1 and elevator 2 is formed with one group or one group in the tower body
The above end to end drying system, every group of drying system include the diffusion part 3 set gradually from top to bottom, drying section 4 and pre-
Hot portion 5, cereal 6 to be dried are preheated in the preheating part first, carry out heat and water subsequently into the diffusion part
The diffusion divided, finally enters the drying section and is thermally dried；The preheating part of the drying system on upper layer and the drying system of lower layer
The diffusion part of system connects, by described between the diffusion part of the drying system of the preheating part and top layer of undermost drying system
Elevator connection, forms the closed cycle of cereal circulation.
In said mechanism, by the way that drying system to be divided into the diffusion part set gradually from top to bottom, drying section and preheating
Portion, and preheat cereal to be dried in drying course in preheating part first, subsequently into diffusion part carry out heat and
The diffusion of moisture finally enters drying section and is thermally dried；In this way, in preheating part (or referred to as pre-heating cabin), using paddy
Object is retained preheating technology, and cereal kernel temperature is suitably promoted, and to improve the activity of cereal kernel internal moisture, accelerates core water
Divide the speed to surface migration, and then improves drying rate.For example cereal can be preheating to 10 DEG C higher than environment temperature or more,
And the maximum temperature of cereal is controlled at 38 DEG C hereinafter, in this way, not only can effectively improve the activity of cereal internal moisture, but also can be with
Ensure that cereal bioactivity is not injured.All there is temperature unevenness when due to just heating inside and outside cereal, between cereal difference seed
Therefore even property makes cereal enter diffusion part rather than drying section after preheat, can make cereal diffusion part (or be known as spread
Storehouse) in stop reasonable time, it is ensured that cereal kernel internal temperature, the diffusion of moisture are uniform.I.e. as cereal flows out preheating part
Into diffusion part, cereal transmits heat from each other in diffusion part, and the heat for the part that temperature can be made high is automatically passed to temperature
Low part is spent, while the cereal internal moisture also surface low to moisture from the high core transfer spreading of moisture, by a timing
Between, moisture and temperature inside cereal all reach unanimity, and then enter back into drying section and are thermally dried, and cereal can be made heated more
Add uniformly, accelerate rate of drying, that is, the cereal after spreading enters drying section, brushed in drying section cereal by dry-air blast, dry-air blast stream
The moisture on cereal surface can be taken away when crossing cereal surface, complete a drying process.If a drying process is unable to satisfy
When drying needs, tower body can be divided into multiple groups drying system, for example be designed to 2 groups or 2 groups or more of drying system.This
When, the diffusion part connection of the drying system of the preheating part and lower layer of the drying system on upper layer, the preheating of undermost drying system
It is connected between the diffusion part of the drying system in portion and top layer by elevator, forms the closed cycle of cereal circulation.Through
The cereal for crossing first drying enters next group of drying system, supplement preheating, diffusion and drying is carried out to cereal, into next repeating query
Ring.In this way, cereal is after the drying course of 10 to 15 wheels, moisture content can reach setting value, and drying overall process is complete
At.
Preferably, referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 3, the first heat source system 7 and air-introduced machine 8, institute are used to the drying section heat drying
It states the first heat source system and dry-air blast is passed through into the drying section of the drying system by air inlet pipeline 9, the air-introduced machine passes through row
The dry-air blast in the drying section is discharged in air pipe line 10.First heat source system can be fuel combustion type, coal-burning, gas type, biology
One of the matter type of furnace and pump type heat, the present invention in preferentially use pump type heat.The heat source system of pump type heat mainly includes heat pump system
System and internal combustion engine, are worked by ic engine driven heat-pump system, and heat pump system collects the heat in air and by air-introduced machine to dry
Dry-air blast is introduced in dry portion.Heat pump system generally includes compressor, evaporator and condenser, in compressor and heat-exchange system (evaporation
Device and condenser) under the collective effect of refrigerant that recycles, by drawing compared with low temperature heat energy in Environmental Heat Source (air), then turn
Being changed to higher temperatures thermal energy and discharging into circulatory mediator (such as water, air) becomes high temperature heat source output, and heat pump system is the prior art,
Details are not described herein.When the first heat source system of drying section uses pump type heat, principle is the water removal function using heating system
Can, directly the moisture in air inlet is removed, in the case where not changing drying wind-warm syndrome substantially, the aqueous of dry-air blast is greatly lowered
Rate improves drying efficiency, and it is dry which is referred to as alternating temperature.In other embodiments, energy is obtained using fuel combustion
When, the acquisition of dry-air blast can improve the mass dryness fraction of air by heating, and improve air and hold outlet capacity, realize freeze-day with constant temperature.
Drying section introduces dry-air blast for being thermally dried to the cereal for flowing through drying section, and the Duct design of drying section can be with
Using reverse-flow, downflow type, cross-flow type etc..Preferably, referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 3, the air inlet pipeline includes air inlet general pipeline 11, connects
Lead to several winding pipes 12, air draft general pipeline 13 and several air exhaust branch pipes 14 for being connected to the air draft general pipeline of the air inlet general pipeline,
The air inlet general pipeline is set to the side of the tower body, and the air draft general pipeline is set to the opposite other side of the tower body, several
The winding pipe is intervally arranged in the drying section, and the bottom of the winding pipe is arranged several air outlets 121, and adjacent two
One air exhaust branch pipe is set between a winding pipe, and several air inlets 141 are arranged in the top of the air exhaust branch pipe.This
Sample, cereal flow from above to below drying, and dry-air blast enters several winding pipes, then the bottom by several winding pipes from air inlet general pipeline
It flows into, then, then the top of air exhaust branch pipe adjacent thereto enters air exhaust branch pipe, is finally discharged from air draft general pipeline.That is,
Dry-air blast is flowed against cereal S-shaped in drying section.Relative to existing lateral flow structure, the present invention uses inverse cereal S-shaped gas
Stream, can make air-flow and cereal heat exchange and drainage procedure more abundant, to improve heat utilization efficiency, reduce energy consumption.
Preferably, referring to fig. 4, preheating is carried out using Secondary Heat Source system and preheating apparatus 15, institute to the preheating part
Stating preheating apparatus includes several preheating rollers 151 that lateral separation is arranged in the preheating part, the preheating roller rotation
It is installed on the tower body of the preheating part, is formed with several preheating fins radially extended on the preheating outer surface of cylinder
152, the axially spaced arrangement of several preheating fins；The preheating roller and the preheating fin are Heat Conduction Material, institute
It states and is formed with the first pre- hot flow path flowed through for heating agent in preheating roller, the Secondary Heat Source system is heat pump heating system, is come
The preheating roller and the preheating fin are heated when flowing through the first pre- hot flow path from the heating agent of the heat pump heating system；
It is provided between two neighboring preheating roller from the feed inlet of the preheating part and guides grain stream to the top of the preheating roller
Dynamic deflector 153.In this way, by several preheating rollers of setting in preheating part (pre-heating cabin), if being arranged on preheating roller
Intervene hot fin, and deflector is set between two neighboring preheating roller, forms a kind of novel preheating apparatus, relatively
Dryness storehouse is simply divided into pre-heating cabin and warehouse for drying in the prior art, the heat of warehouse for drying enters pre-heating cabin by strip channel
For the prior art of pre-heating cabin heat supply, preheating apparatus of the present invention can obtain better pre-heat effect.Because the present invention works
When the heating agents such as conduction oil from Secondary Heat Source system, passivation water, low-pressure steam can directly transfer heat to preheating roller and
Fin is preheated, cereal directly carries out heat exchange with preheating roller and preheating fin after entering preheating part, can quickly be preheated.
And preheating roller is rotation, not will lead to heat and accumulates in some region, keeps cereal preheating more uniform.In addition, heating agent is
It flows, is directly carried out compared with prior art by the hot wind in warehouse for drying pre- in the first pre- hot flow path of preheating drums inside
Heat, environment is cleaner in preheating part；Importantly, the temperature of cereal preheating can be accurately controlled by the temperature of heating agent,
To be preheating to cereal under the conditions of the temperature that corn bud embryo can be born, the activity of cereal internal water molecule is improved as far as possible, is added
Fast cereal internal moisture accelerates grain dry speed to surface movement speed, to reach, and reduces the purpose of dry energy consumption.
Preferably, referring to fig. 4, several conduction vanes radially extended are formed on the outer surface of the preheating roller
154, and several conduction vanes are along the circumferentially-spaced arrangement of the preheating roller.In this way, by the outer surface of preheating roller
Upper to form several conduction vanes, heat can pass to the cereal being in contact with it via conduction vanes, so as to further mention
The high pre- thermal efficiency.And when conduction vanes and cereal interaction, preheating roller can be allowed to rotate by the effect of cereal gravity
Come, so as to save or reduce the energy consumption of driving mechanism.
Preferably, branch flow passage, the branch flow passage connection are formed in the conduction vanes or/and the preheating fin
The first pre- hot flow path, heating agent heat the conduction vanes or/and the preheating fin when flowing through the branch flow passage.This
Sample can be preferably to conduction vanes or/and the preheating wing by forming branch flow passage in conduction vanes or/and preheating fin
Piece is heated, to further increase the pre- thermal efficiency.
The shape of conduction vanes is unlimited, in order to Grain flow and preheating roller rotation can be driven to be advisable, it is preferred that institute
Conduction vanes are stated at the outer rim for extending radially to the preheating fin, and several blade shapes are identical, and described pre-
The circumferential uniformly arrangement of hot roller.In this way, heat transfer can be made more uniform.
Make to preheat roller by the way of increasing conduction vanes in above structure and rotate, but is limited to this, it can be with
In such a way that driving mechanism drives the preheating roller to rotate, here, driving mechanism is preferably motor, and preheating roller can lead to
Bearing rotational installation is crossed on the side wall of preheating part, motor can communicate rotational motion to preheating roller by transmission mechanism,
With driving preheating roller rotation, this is the prior art, and details are not described herein.
The shape for preheating fin is unlimited, it is preferred that can be using spiral shape, circular ring shape, waveform, oblique ellipse etc..This
The pre- thermal efficiency of preheating fin can be improved in sample.
Preferably, the deflector is Heat Conduction Material, is formed with the second pre- hot-fluid flowed through for heating agent in the deflector
Road, the heating agent from Secondary Heat Source system heat the deflector when flowing through the second pre- hot flow path.In this way, by water conservancy diversion
The the second pre- hot flow path flowed through for heating agent is formed in plate, heating agent can flow through the second pre- hot flow path and heat to deflector, so as to
To further increase the pre- thermal efficiency.
Above structure realizes the heating function to deflector, but not by the way of adding pre- hot flow path in deflector
It is limited to this, in other embodiments, serpentine-like heating pipe can also be formed at the back side of deflector, in this way, heating agent flows through
When heating pipe, the function of heating deflector may be implemented.
In above structure, preheating roller, conduction vanes, the heating agent that flows through in deflector are unlimited, it is preferred that heating agent can be adopted
With conduction oil or passivation water or low-pressure steam etc..
In above structure of the present invention, preheating method uses the heating method of heating agent runner, but not limited to this, it can be with root
According to the heating method needed using far infrared or microwave, for example, to the preheating part carry out preheating using third heat source system and
Preheating apparatus, the preheating apparatus includes several preheating rollers that lateral separation is arranged in the preheating part, described pre-
The rotational installation of hot roller is on the tower body of the preheating part, being formed with several radially extend on the preheating outer surface of cylinder
Preheat fin, the axially spaced arrangement of several preheating fins；The preheating roller and the preheating fin are heat conduction material
Material, the third heat source system are to be installed on the preheating roller or microwave heating equipment or far infrared in the preheating part
Heating device；It is provided at the top of from the feed inlet of the preheating part to the preheating roller and draws between two neighboring preheating roller
Lead the deflector of Grain flow.Here, microwave heating equipment or far infrared heater are the prior art, no longer superfluous herein
It states, for example, far infrared generator can be installed in preheating roller or preheating part, is irradiated in short-term using the transmission capacity of far infrared
The cereal flowed through in preheating part selects far infrared transmission power according to the speed that cereal flows through, rise the cereal flowed through can just
High 10-15 DEG C of temperature.
Preferably, a plurality of the first bar shaped being set side by side in the horizontal direction is equipped between the diffusion part and the drying section
Channel；A plurality of the second strip channel being set side by side in the horizontal direction is equipped between the drying section and the preheating part；It is described
The a plurality of third strip channel being set side by side in the horizontal direction is equipped between preheating part and the diffusion part of lower layer's drying system.Pass through
Between diffusion part and drying section, between drying section and preheating part, between preheating part and the diffusion part of lower layer's drying system
First, second, third strip channel is set, cereal installation can be made to be flowed according to the size of strip channel, to reach
Control the purpose of Grain flow speed.
Preheating part can separate design with drying section, preheating part and drying section can also be carried out group according to user demand
Design is closed, an entirety is formed.The shape and preheating part and drying section of diffusion part are adapted.The height of diffusion part can be according to difference
Cereal needs essence amount design, in this way, cereal can be reserved for the reasonable time in diffusion part, it is ensured that cereal kernel internal temperature, moisture
Diffusion is uniform.
In above structure, the first heat source system, Secondary Heat Source system and third heat source system can be merged into a heat source
System, heat source system can be using one of fuel combustion type, coal-burning, gas type, the biomass type of furnace and pump type heat, and preferentially adopts
Pass through the purpose for collecting the heat in ambient enviroment to realize drying for heat grain using modern heat pump techniques with pump type heat.
Simultaneously using the function of drying of modern heat pump, dehumidification system is set in dry air inlet pipeline, the mass dryness fraction of drying medium can be improved,
Improve drying efficiency.
The operating principle of low-temperature circulating formula dryer of the present invention is as follows:
When dryer works, cereal to be dried is filled to the tower body of dryer by elevator first, then, starts air inducing
Cereal surface moisture is taken away a part with cold wind by machine and elevator；The heat source system of dryer heats heating agent simultaneously, with heating agent
For conduction oil, conduction oil of the heating and temperature control of conduction oil after 55-60 DEG C, heating is input to preheating part by oil pump
Interior preheating apparatus, in preheating part by heat grain between 35-38 DEG C.Cereal after preheating is flowed downwardly by gravity
Diffusion part, in diffusion part, (cereal and outside do not have matter and energy to hand over for heat and moisture completion diffusion balance inside cereal
It changes)；Cereal after diffusion enters drying section, is brushed in drying section cereal by dry-air blast, by cereal when dry-air blast flows through cereal surface
The moisture on surface is taken away, and first drying is completed；The preheating part for entering next group of drying system by the cereal of first drying, to paddy
Object carries out supplement preheating, diffusion and drying, recycles into next round.Cereal contains after the drying course of 10 to 15 wheels
Water rate can reach setting value, and drying overall process is completed.
According to grain dry theory and test, it was demonstrated that restrict grain-drying speed is the removal speed of cereal core moisture
Degree.Influence cereal core moisture is removed to surface there are three the influence factors of speed: being the moisture content of cereal first, cereal is aqueous
Rate is higher, and it is faster that moisture diffusion removes speed；Followed by cereal kernel structure, that is, the capillary inside cereal kernel are logical
Road, if capillary channel is big and straight, moisture removes speed with regard to fast；Third factor is the temperature of cereal, and grain temperature is higher,
Moisture is more active, and the speed that moisture removes is faster, forces drying one to circulate in high-temperature hot-air in the dryer of early stage
Can remove 3% moisture in 10 minutes, but because cereal by 100 DEG C or more high-temperature bakings, make grain quality substantially under
Drop, present high-temperature dryer are eliminated comprehensively.Working principle of the present invention meets above-mentioned grain dry theory and test, according to
Comparative test can be added under conditions of not increasing drying machine drying power using drying machine drying speed after the present invention program
Fast 30% or more, specific energy consumption saves 32% or more.Drying cereal stirs 50% or more (circulation) number decline.Cereal percentage of damage
0.5% or more decline.If advanced optimize design dry gas stream, heating method in the design, and introduce intelligence it is dry and
Expert system, dryer energy consumption are expected to further decrease, and this aspect mitigates the agricultural cost of peasant.For the whole society, grain
The reduction of food drying energy consumption, is conducive to China's energy-saving and emission-reduction, reduces agricultural production energy consumption, is advantageously implemented agricultural product machinery
The all-round popularization application for changing dry technology, improves the stability and reliability of grain-production.
Above embodiments are referring to attached drawing, to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail.Those skilled in the art
Member by above-described embodiment carry out various forms on modification or change, but without departing substantially from essence of the invention in the case where, all
It falls within the scope and spirit of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of low-temperature circulating formula dryer, which is characterized in that including tower body (1) and elevator (2), be formed in the tower body
A group or more of end to end drying systems, every group of drying system include the diffusion part (3) set gradually from top to bottom,
Drying section (4) and preheating part (5), cereal to be dried (6) is preheated in the preheating part first, subsequently into the expansion
The portion of dissipating carries out the diffusion of heat and moisture, finally enters the drying section and is thermally dried；The preheating of the drying system on upper layer
The diffusion part of the drying system in portion and lower layer connects, the expansion of the drying system of the preheating part and top layer of undermost drying system
It is connected between the portion of dissipating by the elevator, forms the closed cycle of cereal circulation.
2. low-temperature circulating formula dryer according to claim 1, which is characterized in that used to the drying section heat drying
First heat source system (7) and air-introduced machine (8), first heat source system pass through the dry of air inlet pipeline (9) Xiang Suoshu drying system
Dry-air blast is passed through in dry portion, the dry-air blast in the drying section is discharged by exhaust pipeline (10) for the air-introduced machine.
3. low-temperature circulating formula dryer according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the air inlet pipeline includes air inlet general pipeline
(11), several winding pipes (12) for entering the wind general pipeline, air draft general pipeline (13) are connected to and is connected to the several of the air draft general pipeline
Air exhaust branch pipe (14), the air inlet general pipeline are set to the side of the tower body, and it is opposite that the air draft general pipeline is set to the tower body
The other side, several winding pipes are intervally arranged in the drying section, if the bottom setting of the winding pipe is done
An air exhaust branch pipe, the top setting of the air exhaust branch pipe are arranged between the two neighboring winding pipe for air port (121)
Several air inlets (141).
4. low-temperature circulating formula dryer according to claim 1, which is characterized in that carry out preheating use to the preheating part
Secondary Heat Source system and preheating apparatus (15), if the preheating apparatus includes that lateral separation is arranged in the preheating part
Intervene hot roller (151), preheating roller rotational installation is on the tower body of the preheating part, on the preheating outer surface of cylinder
It is formed with several preheating fins (152) radially extended, the axially spaced arrangement of several preheating fins；The preheating rolling
Cylinder and the preheating fin are Heat Conduction Material, are formed with the first pre- hot flow path flowed through for heating agent, institute in the preheating roller
Stating Secondary Heat Source system is heat pump heating system, when the heating agent from the heat pump heating system flows through the first pre- hot flow path
Heat the preheating roller and the preheating fin；The feed inlet from the preheating part is provided between two neighboring preheating roller
To the deflector (153) of the top guidance Grain flow of the preheating roller.
5. low-temperature circulating formula dryer according to claim 4, which is characterized in that shape on the outer surface of the preheating roller
At there is several conduction vanes (154) radially extended, several conduction vanes are along the circumferentially-spaced arrangement of the preheating roller.
6. low-temperature circulating formula dryer according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the preheating apparatus further includes being used for
The driving mechanism for driving the preheating roller to rotate.
7. low-temperature circulating formula dryer according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the deflector is Heat Conduction Material, institute
The the second pre- hot flow path for being formed in deflector and flowing through for heating agent is stated, the heating agent from the Secondary Heat Source system flows through described
The deflector is heated when two pre- hot flow paths.
8. low-temperature circulating formula dryer according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the back side of the deflector forms and is equipped with
Serpentine-like heating pipe, the heating agent from the Secondary Heat Source system heat the deflector when flowing through the heating pipe.
9. low-temperature circulating formula dryer according to claim 1, which is characterized in that carry out preheating use to the preheating part
Third heat source system and preheating apparatus, if the preheating apparatus includes that lateral separation is arranged in intervening in the preheating part
Hot roller, preheating roller rotational installation is on the tower body of the preheating part, if being formed on the preheating outer surface of cylinder
The dry preheating fin radially extended, the axially spaced arrangement of several preheating fins；The preheating roller and the preheating
Fin is Heat Conduction Material, and the third heat source system is that the microwave being installed on the preheating roller or in the preheating part adds
Thermal or far infrared heater；It is provided between two neighboring preheating roller from the feed inlet of the preheating part to described pre-
The deflector of the top guidance Grain flow of hot roller.
10. low-temperature circulating formula dryer according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the diffusion part and the drying section
Between be equipped with a plurality of the first strip channel being set side by side in the horizontal direction；It is equipped between the drying section and the preheating part more
The second strip channel that item is set side by side in the horizontal direction；It is equipped between the preheating part and the diffusion part a plurality of along level side
To the third strip channel being set side by side.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910841862.XA CN110455039A (en) | 2019-09-06 | 2019-09-06 | Low-temperature circulating formula dryer |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910841862.XA CN110455039A (en) | 2019-09-06 | 2019-09-06 | Low-temperature circulating formula dryer |
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| CN110455039A true CN110455039A (en) | 2019-11-15 |
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| CN201830831U (en) * | 2010-11-04 | 2011-05-18 | *** | Low-temperature circulating grain drier |
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| CN207472001U (en) * | 2017-11-09 | 2018-06-08 | 江苏圣曼干燥设备工程有限公司 | A kind of hollow blade stirs drying equipment |
| CN208366040U (en) * | 2018-05-04 | 2019-01-11 | 上海伯涵热能科技有限公司 | Grain drying device built in a kind of elevator |
| CN210374304U (en) * | 2019-09-06 | 2020-04-21 | 昆山鹿和工程机械有限公司 | Low-temperature circulating type drying machine |
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- 2019-09-06 CN CN201910841862.XA patent/CN110455039A/en active Pending
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102374756A (en) * | 2010-08-24 | 2012-03-14 | 绍兴县东森印染有限公司 | Heat transfer oil-based heat transfer type drying cylinder |
| CN201830831U (en) * | 2010-11-04 | 2011-05-18 | *** | Low-temperature circulating grain drier |
| CN203646422U (en) * | 2013-11-14 | 2014-06-18 | 张建锋 | Cereal drying machine |
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