CN110454194B - Secondary grouting method for shield construction - Google Patents
Secondary grouting method for shield construction Download PDFInfo
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- CN110454194B CN110454194B CN201910720939.8A CN201910720939A CN110454194B CN 110454194 B CN110454194 B CN 110454194B CN 201910720939 A CN201910720939 A CN 201910720939A CN 110454194 B CN110454194 B CN 110454194B
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000007569 slipcasting Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008394 flocculating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
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-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/08—Lining with building materials with preformed concrete slabs
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/0607—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining the shield being provided with devices for lining the tunnel, e.g. shuttering
- E21D9/0609—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining the shield being provided with devices for lining the tunnel, e.g. shuttering with means for applying a continuous liner, e.g. sheets of plastics, between the main concrete lining and the rock
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a secondary grouting method for shield construction, which adopts a mode of basically equalizing pressure with high-pressure liquid in a gap outside a duct piece, and replaces the high-pressure liquid in the gap outside the duct piece with grout under a pressure dynamic balance state to achieve secondary grouting. Compared with the prior art, the invention can easily and effectively inject the slurry into the gap between the duct piece and the surrounding rock, effectively ensure the sufficient grouting amount, and can not damage the safety of the shield tail brush and the duct piece sealing strip, thereby avoiding the safety quality accident caused by the conventional overpressure grouting and reducing the shield construction risk.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of civil engineering tunnel shield construction, and particularly relates to a secondary grouting method for shield construction.
Background
In tunnel shield tunneling construction, a building gap between a duct piece and surrounding rock must be filled with grouting slurry, namely grouting. The grouting aims at: (1) filling the shield tail building gap in time, supporting the rock mass around the pipe piece, and effectively controlling the ground surface settlement; (2) the condensed slurry is used as a first waterproof barrier of the shield construction tunnel, so that the waterproof capability of the tunnel is enhanced; (3) the shield tunnel structure provides early stability for the duct piece, integrates the duct piece with surrounding rock masses, is favorable for controlling the shield tunneling direction, and can ensure the final stability of the shield tunnel. The grouting mode comprises synchronous grouting and secondary grouting. The synchronous grouting is to perform grouting while tunneling through a shield tail grouting pipe; and the secondary grouting is to perform secondary grouting through a preformed hole for grouting on the duct piece after the duct piece is separated from the shield tail.
However, the problem of 'pipe piece floating' and the like caused by 'insufficient grouting amount' often occurs in a hard rock water-rich section, the quality of a tunnel is difficult to guarantee, and quality and safety accidents are easy to cause. The main reason for the insufficient grouting amount is that in the water-rich section of the hard rock, the building gap between the pipe piece and the surrounding rock is filled with high-pressure liquid (actually, a liquid mixture of circulating mud, underground water and the like, and for convenience of description, the high-pressure liquid is hereinafter referred to as the high-pressure liquid), and the surrounding rock is compact and basically a relatively sealed space, and the high-pressure liquid in the space is difficult to enter the surrounding rock for circulation and exchange, so that the high-pressure liquid in the space is difficult to be squeezed and flowed away, and the grout is difficult to inject.
In the construction of a similar tunnel shield, overpressure grouting (namely grouting pressure improvement) is generally adopted for improving grouting amount, but the overpressure grouting threatens a shield tail brush and a duct piece sealing strip, duct piece cracks and water leakage at a joint are easily caused, and the shield tail brush is even broken down in severe cases, so that safety quality accidents are caused. Therefore, the method of 'overpressure grouting' commonly adopted in shield construction has great quality safety risk.
In view of this, it is necessary to provide a safe, reliable and effective secondary grouting method for shield construction.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: the secondary grouting method for shield construction is safe, reliable and effective, and secondary grouting in shield construction can be smoothly completed under the condition that the safety of a shield tail brush and a duct piece sealing strip is not damaged.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a secondary grouting method for shield construction, which comprises the following steps:
1) for the tunnel needing secondary grouting, grouting holes and pressure relief holes are formed in different positions on a pipe ring of the tunnel, a grouting valve is installed in each grouting hole, a pressure relief valve is installed in each pressure relief hole, and the critical pressure of each pressure relief valve is set to be 0.9-1 time of the high-pressure liquid pressure in a gap outside a pipe piece;
2) grouting the outer gap of the duct piece through the grouting holes, wherein high-pressure liquid in the outer gap of the duct piece is automatically discharged from the pressure release valve in the grouting process, so that continuous grouting is realized;
3) and when the grout flows out of the pressure release valve, stopping grouting operation and closing the grouting hole.
The invention relates to an improvement of a secondary grouting method for shield construction, wherein the tunnel is formed by splicing pipe pieces after shield tunneling, a reserved hole for grouting is arranged on the pipe piece of each pipe ring of the tunnel, and the reserved hole at the proper position on the pipe piece is used as a grouting hole and a pressure relief hole during secondary grouting operation.
As an improvement of the secondary grouting method for shield construction, the grout used in the grouting in the step 2) can be light grout with density smaller than the high-pressure liquid density in the outer space of the duct piece, or heavy grout with density larger than the high-pressure liquid density in the outer space of the duct piece.
As an improvement of the secondary grouting method for shield construction, when light grout is used for grouting, the pressure relief hole is positioned at the pipe ring where the grouting hole is positioned and is lower than the grouting hole, or is positioned at the pipe ring before the grouting hole and is lower than the grouting hole or is close to the grouting hole in height.
As an improvement of the secondary grouting method for shield construction, when heavy slurry is used for grouting, the pressure relief hole is positioned at the pipe ring where the grouting hole is positioned and is higher than the grouting hole, or is positioned at the pipe ring before the grouting hole and is higher than the grouting hole or is close to the grouting hole in height.
As an improvement of the secondary grouting method for shield construction of the present invention, before step 1), the pipe ring of the tunnel needs to be opened for inspection, during inspection, the preformed holes on the pipe ring are opened in sequence, and whether gas is ejected or liquid flows out of the preformed holes is inspected: if all the preformed holes on the same pipe ring do not spray gas or flow liquid, the pipe ring of the tunnel does not need to be subjected to secondary grouting; if one or more reserved holes on the same pipe ring are sprayed with gas or liquid, the pipe ring needs to be subjected to secondary grouting.
As an improvement of the secondary grouting method for shield construction, if only 1-2 high-order preformed holes on the same pipe ring are sprayed with gas or liquid flows out, the highest-order preformed hole of the pipe ring is directly used as a grouting hole, the second high-order preformed hole or the highest-order preformed hole on the pipe ring before the grouting hole is used as a pressure relief hole, and light slurry is adopted for grouting according to the steps 1) -3), so that the purpose of secondary grouting construction is achieved.
As an improvement of the secondary grouting method for shield construction, if more than two high-position preformed holes on the same pipe ring are sprayed with gas or liquid, the operation steps of secondary grouting are as follows:
firstly, taking the highest-position preformed hole on the pipe ring as a grouting hole, taking one or two secondary high-position preformed holes on the same pipe ring as pressure relief holes, and adopting light slurry to perform grouting according to the steps 1) to 3);
after the slip casting mouth of closed light thick liquid, change the relief valve of light thick liquid slip casting for the slip casting valve, at the relief valve of the preformed hole installation on the preceding section of jurisdiction of slip casting valve place section of jurisdiction simultaneously, then adopt heavy thick liquid to slip casting in the outer space of section of jurisdiction, when finding there is heavy thick liquid to flow from the relief valve, stop the slip casting operation, seal the slip casting hole, reach secondary slip casting construction purpose.
As an improvement of the secondary grouting method for shield construction, in the grouting process, the critical pressure of the pressure release valve needs to be finely adjusted according to the pressure change of the high-pressure liquid so as to ensure the dynamic pressure balance.
As an improvement of the secondary grouting method for shield construction, if the tunnel needing secondary grouting is too long and the segment floats, before the step 1), a quick-setting substance is injected into the gap outside the segment to manufacture a water stop ring, the long gap outside the segment is longitudinally divided into short gaps, and then the steps 1) -3) are utilized to perform grouting on the short gaps respectively.
As an improvement of the secondary grouting method for shield construction, before the step 1), if gas exists in the gap between the duct piece and the surrounding rock, a gas release pipe is inserted into the highest preformed hole of the pipe ring, and compressed air in the gap outside the duct piece is released, so that the step 1) can be started.
As an improvement of the secondary grouting method for shield construction, if the pipe ring required to be subjected to secondary grouting is a pipe ring newly pushed out near the shield tail, a grease injection method is required to avoid the shield tail from being adhered to the newly injected grout after solidification.
Compared with the prior art, the secondary grouting method for shield construction adopts a mode of basically equalizing pressure with high-pressure liquid in the gap outside the duct piece in the shield tunneling process, and replaces the high-pressure liquid in the gap outside the duct piece with the grout under the state of dynamic pressure balance, so that the grout can be easily and effectively injected into the gap between the duct piece and surrounding rocks, sufficient grouting amount is effectively ensured, the safety of a shield tail brush and a duct piece sealing strip cannot be damaged, the safety quality accident caused by conventional overpressure grouting is avoided, and the shield construction risk is reduced.
Drawings
The secondary grouting method for shield construction and the beneficial technical effects thereof according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and the specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a conventional tunnel pipe ring.
Fig. 2 is a top view of the tunnel collar of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a standard block of the tunnel pipe ring in fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a grouting flowchart of an embodiment of a secondary grouting method for shield construction according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an example of secondary grouting for shield construction according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantageous effects of the present invention more clearly apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the preferred embodiment of the invention, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
For ease of understanding, the tunnel and its pipe rings and pipe sheets will be briefly described first. Referring to fig. 1-3, the tunnel is formed by assembling pipe segments into a pipe ring after the shield tunneling, and each pipe segment is provided with a preformed hole 22 for grouting. In a typical tunnel, each pipe ring of the tunnel is formed by assembling six pipe pieces including three standard blocks 200, two adjacent blocks 202 and a capping block 204, and each pipe piece is provided with a preformed hole 22 for grouting.
Referring to fig. 4, the secondary grouting method for shield construction of the present invention includes the following steps:
s1, for a tunnel needing secondary grouting, arranging grouting holes and pressure relief holes at different positions on a pipe ring of the tunnel, installing grouting valves in the grouting holes, installing pressure relief valves in the pressure relief holes, and setting the critical pressure of the pressure relief valves to be 0.9-1 time of the pressure of high-pressure liquid in the gaps outside the pipe pieces;
s2, grouting the outer gap of the duct piece through the grouting holes, wherein in the grouting process, high-pressure liquid in the outer gap of the duct piece is automatically discharged from the pressure release valve, so that continuous grouting is realized;
and S3, stopping grouting operation and closing the grouting hole when the grout is found to flow out of the pressure release valve.
In the invention, the prepared hole 22 for grouting at a proper position on the tunnel tube sheet can be directly used as a grouting hole and a pressure relief hole, and no additional hole is required to be formed on the tube sheet.
In different cases, the slurry used in step S2 of the present invention may be a light slurry with a density lower than the density of the high-pressure liquid in the space outside the tube sheet, or a heavy slurry (i.e., a common conventional slurry) with a density higher than the density of the high-pressure liquid in the space outside the tube sheet, as long as the high-pressure liquid in the space behind the tube sheet can be replaced by the same volume of slurry under the control and adjustment of the dynamic pressure balance.
The heavy slurry is common mortar for conventional grouting, and the density of the heavy slurry is far greater than that of water; the light slurry is obtained by modifying the mortar for conventional grouting, removing sand in the conventional mortar, replacing the sand with light aggregate such as perlite particles, and adding a flocculating agent, a water reducing agent, a coagulation regulating agent and other additives according to a certain proportion. The density of the light slurry prepared by the method is far less than that of the conventional mortar for grouting, and the light slurry can be used in various special scenes. When the light slurry is used for secondary grouting, the density of the light slurry can be regulated to be less than 1 (most of the used perlite particles are hydrophobic), and when the light slurry is used for synchronous grouting, the density of the light slurry can be regulated to be 1-1.4 (the used perlite particles can be partially hydrophobic so as to reduce the manufacturing cost), and the light slurry can be regulated according to construction requirements and user requirements.
When light slurry is used for grouting, the pressure relief hole is positioned in the pipe ring where the grouting hole is positioned and is lower than the grouting hole, or is positioned in the pipe ring in front of the grouting hole and is lower than the grouting hole or is close to the grouting hole in height.
When heavy slurry is used for grouting, the pressure relief hole is positioned in the pipe ring where the grouting hole is positioned and is higher than the grouting hole, or is positioned in the pipe ring in front of the grouting hole and is higher than the grouting hole or is close to the grouting hole in height.
The concrete steps of the secondary grouting method for shield construction are different according to different synchronous grouting effects of tunnels. Therefore, before step S1, it is necessary to open the hole of the pipe ring of the tunnel, open the preformed holes of each pipe piece on the pipe ring from top to bottom, check whether there is gas ejection or liquid outflow in the preformed holes, and perform secondary grouting according to specific conditions. In the case of the pipe ring shown in fig. 1 to 3, since six prepared holes 22 are present in the entire pipe ring, the results of the hole inspection are divided into seven cases, and there are 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 prepared holes 22 in which gas is ejected or liquid is discharged. It is easy to understand that because the mortar solidification body that tunnel construction was poured into in step all is the latter half that is located section of jurisdiction outer space, consequently does not have the reservation hole that gas blowout or liquid flowed out and all is the reservation hole of relative low level, and the reservation hole that has gas blowout or liquid to flow out all is higher than the reservation hole position that does not have gas blowout or liquid to flow out.
Obviously, the larger the number of the prepared holes for gas ejection or liquid outflow is, the worse the synchronous grouting effect of the pipe ring of the tunnel is: synchronous slip casting effect is the worst when all having gas blowout or liquid to flow out in 6 preformed holes, and synchronous slip casting effect is the best when all not having gas blowout or liquid to flow out in 6 preformed holes. When only all not having gas injection or liquid to flow in the whole preformed hole, this pipe ring of tunnel just need not to carry out the secondary slip casting, and other have the gas injection or the condition that liquid flows in 1 ~ 6 preformed holes, all show that the space between this pipe ring section of jurisdiction and the country rock does not all be filled, consequently need carry out the secondary slip casting.
For the condition that only 1-2 high-order preformed holes on the same pipe ring are sprayed with gas or liquid flows out, the highest-order preformed hole of the pipe ring is directly used as a grouting hole, the second high-order preformed hole on the pipe ring where the grouting hole is located or the previous pipe ring is used as a pressure relief hole (if the second high-order preformed holes on the pipe ring where the grouting hole is located and the previous pipe ring are not sprayed with gas or liquid flows out, the highest-order preformed hole on the previous pipe ring is used as a pressure relief hole), and light slurry is adopted for grouting according to the steps S1-S3, so that the purpose of secondary grouting construction can be achieved.
And for the condition that more than two high-position reserved holes on the same pipe ring are sprayed with gas or liquid flows out, the secondary grouting operation comprises the steps of firstly adopting light slurry for grouting and then adopting heavy slurry for grouting. The following describes a concrete grouting process, taking as an example a case where gas is ejected or liquid flows out from 3 high-order holes.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a grouting example of the secondary grouting method for shield construction according to the present invention, in which the cross section of a tunnel is shown, the outer ring represents the inner wall of a surrounding rock tunnel that has been excavated, and the inner ring represents the assembled pipe ring. Because the synchronous grouting effect is poor, only the lower part of the gap between the inner ring and the outer ring is filled with the synchronous mortar 40, and the rest part needs to be filled with secondary grouting. When the method of the invention is used for secondary grouting, the steps are as follows.
S20, firstly, taking a highest position preformed hole on the pipe ring as a grouting hole to install a grouting valve 220, taking one or two secondary high position preformed holes on the same pipe ring as a pressure relief hole to install a pressure relief valve 240, adopting light slurry to perform grouting to the outer gap of the pipe piece, and automatically discharging the high-pressure liquid 30 in the outer gap of the pipe piece from the pressure relief valve 240 in the grouting process, thereby realizing continuous grouting.
During secondary grouting operation, a grouting pipe is inserted from the position of the highest position reserved hole, light slurry 50 is injected into the gap outside the pipe piece, and the density of the light slurry 50 is smaller than that of the high-pressure liquid 30, so that the injected light slurry can float on the high-pressure liquid 30 and cannot sink below the high-pressure liquid 30. The injection of the light slurry 50 can cause the pressure of the high-pressure liquid 30 in the air gap outside the tube sheet to rise, when the pressure of the high-pressure liquid 30 is higher than the critical pressure of the pressure relief valve 240, the pressure relief valve 240 is automatically opened, the high-pressure liquid 30 is automatically discharged from the pressure relief valve 240, and the dynamic balance replacement of the light slurry 50 and the high-pressure liquid 30 is formed. Because the high-pressure liquid 30 in the outer gap of the pipe piece is discharged while the light slurry 50 is injected, the situation that the pressure in the outer gap of the pipe piece is increased and the slurry cannot be injected is avoided during secondary slurry injection, and the slurry injection work can be continuously carried out.
And S22, stopping grouting operation and closing the grouting hole when the light slurry flows out of the pressure release valve 240.
Step S20 forms a dynamic balance replacement between the light weight slurry 50 and the high pressure liquid 30, the injection amount of the light weight slurry 50 is substantially equal to the outflow amount of the high pressure liquid 30, when it is found that the injected light weight slurry 50 flows out from the lower pressure relief valve 240, it indicates that the high pressure liquid 30 above the pressure relief hole has been completely replaced by the light weight slurry 50, at this time, the grouting operation of the highest position reserved hole is stopped, and the highest position reserved hole is closed.
S24, replacing the pressure release valve 240 in the previous grouting operation with a grouting valve, and installing the pressure release valve 240 in a preformed hole with the same height as that of the previous segment of the segment where the grouting valve is located; then selecting heavy slurry with density higher than that of the high-pressure liquid, and continuously grouting into the gap outside the segment through a grouting valve;
s26, when the heavy slurry flows out from the pressure release valve of the previous pipe piece, the high-pressure water in the gap outside the pipe ring piece is completely replaced, and the high-pressure water is completely filled by the light slurry (upper filling) and the heavy slurry (lower filling), and the secondary grouting operation of the pipe ring is completely finished; and stopping the secondary grouting operation of the pipe ring at the moment, and sealing the grouting hole of the pipe ring.
In any step (such as step S2, step S20, step S24, and the like) of the grouting method, the critical pressure of the pressure release valve needs to be set to be 0.9-1 times, preferably 1 time, of the pressure of the high-pressure liquid in the air gap outside the segment (that is, the critical pressure of the pressure release valve is equal to the pressure of the high-pressure liquid at the position of the pressure release hole), and in the grouting process, the critical pressure of the pressure release valve needs to be finely adjusted according to the pressure change of the high-pressure liquid, so as to ensure dynamic pressure balance and continuous grouting.
According to the secondary grouting method for shield construction, in the shield tunneling process, the high-pressure liquid in the outer gap of the duct piece is replaced by the grout in the pressure dynamic balance state in the mode of basically equalizing the pressure of the high-pressure liquid in the outer gap of the duct piece, so that the grout can be easily and effectively injected into the gap between the duct piece and the surrounding rock, the sufficient grouting amount is effectively ensured, the safety of a shield tail brush and a duct piece sealing strip cannot be damaged, the safety quality accident caused by conventional overpressure grouting is avoided, and the shield construction risk is reduced.
For the condition that the tunnel is too long and does not achieve the secondary grouting effect to cause the upward floating of the segment, the slope direction, the slope angle and the like of the tunnel are known before the secondary grouting construction is carried out by using the method, quick-setting substances such as water glass and the like can be injected into the outer gap of the segment to manufacture a water stop ring, the gap outside the segment is longitudinally divided, the long gap is divided into short gaps, and then grouting is carried out respectively. The length of the partition interval can be determined according to the comprehensive factors such as the solidification time of prepared grout, for example, a horizontal tunnel can be partitioned into 20 meters, an inclined tunnel can be partitioned into 10 meters and a plurality of small intervals are respectively subjected to secondary grouting construction, the partition aims to prevent high-pressure liquid from flowing and grout from flowing, secondary grouting operation is prevented from being interfered by the secondary grouting operation, and the grouting effect is ensured.
It should be noted that the premise that the secondary grouting can be performed in the invention is that the gap between the duct piece and the surrounding rock is filled with high-pressure liquid, and if gas exists in the gap between the duct piece and the surrounding rock, before the grouting, a gas release pipe needs to be inserted into the highest-position reserved hole of the pipe ring, and compressed air in the gap outside the duct piece is released, so that the grouting can be started.
In addition, if secondary grouting is needed for a newly pushed pipe ring near the shield tail, the grease injection method is effectively used to avoid the shield tail from being adhered to the newly injected grout after solidification.
Compared with the prior art, the grouting pressure during grouting and the high-pressure liquid behind the duct piece are in a dynamic balance automatic adjusting state (even if the grouting pressure, the high-pressure liquid pressure behind the duct piece and the set pressure of the pressure relief valve keep a dynamic balance state), so that the high-pressure liquid in the space behind the duct piece can be replaced by the injected slurry in an equal volume on the premise of not damaging the safety of the shield tail brush and the duct piece sealing strip, the secondary grouting effect can be greatly improved, the defect of synchronous grouting is greatly overcome, the tunnel grouting quality is improved, the working efficiency is improved, the construction period is shortened, and the like. The grouting material can be used for secondary grouting in shield construction of underground tunnel projects such as subways, highways, water delivery, power transmission and the like.
The present invention can be modified and adapted appropriately from the above-described embodiments, according to the principles described above. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed and described above, and some modifications and variations of the present invention should fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention. Furthermore, although specific terms are employed herein, they are used in a generic and descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation.
Claims (8)
1. A secondary grouting method for shield construction is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) for the tunnel needing secondary grouting, grouting holes and pressure relief holes are formed in different positions on a pipe ring of the tunnel, a grouting valve is installed in each grouting hole, a pressure relief valve is installed in each pressure relief hole, and the critical pressure of each pressure relief valve is set to be 0.9-1 time of the high-pressure liquid pressure in a gap outside a pipe piece;
2) grouting the outer gap of the duct piece through the grouting holes, wherein high-pressure liquid in the outer gap of the duct piece is automatically discharged from the pressure release valve in the grouting process, so that continuous grouting is realized; the slurry used in grouting is light slurry with the density smaller than the high-pressure liquid density in the space outside the pipe piece, or heavy slurry with the density larger than the high-pressure liquid density in the space outside the pipe piece: when light slurry is used for grouting, the pressure relief hole is positioned in the pipe ring where the grouting hole is positioned and is lower than the grouting hole, or is positioned in the pipe ring in front of the grouting hole and is lower than the grouting hole or is close to the grouting hole in height; when heavy slurry is used for grouting, the pressure relief hole is positioned in the pipe ring where the grouting hole is positioned and is higher than the grouting hole, or is positioned in the pipe ring in front of the grouting hole and is higher than the grouting hole or is close to the grouting hole in height;
3) when the grout flows out of the pressure release valve, stopping grouting operation and sealing the grouting hole;
wherein, the tunnel is assembled the section of jurisdiction after tunneling by the shield and is formed, all is equipped with slip casting on the section of jurisdiction of each collar of tunnel and uses the preformed hole, before carrying out step 1), needs earlier carry out the trompil inspection to the collar of tunnel, opens the preformed hole on the collar in proper order during the inspection, whether has gas blowout or liquid outflow in the inspection preformed hole: if all the preformed holes on the same pipe ring do not spray gas or flow liquid, the pipe ring of the tunnel does not need to be subjected to secondary grouting; if one or more reserved holes on the same pipe ring are sprayed with gas or liquid, the pipe ring needs to be subjected to secondary grouting.
2. The secondary grouting method for shield construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: and in the step 1) and the step 2), when secondary grouting operation is carried out, a preformed hole at a proper position on the pipe sheet is used as a grouting hole and a pressure relief hole.
3. The secondary grouting method for shield construction according to claim 2, characterized in that: if only 1-2 high-order preformed holes on the same pipe ring are sprayed with gas or liquid flows out, the highest-order preformed hole of the pipe ring is directly used as a grouting hole, the second high-order preformed hole or the highest-order preformed hole on the previous pipe ring of the pipe ring where the grouting hole is located is used as a pressure relief hole, and light slurry is adopted for grouting according to the steps 1) -3), so that the purpose of secondary grouting construction is achieved.
4. The secondary grouting method for shield construction according to claim 2, characterized in that: if more than two high-position reserved holes on the same pipe ring are sprayed with gas or liquid flows out, the operation steps of secondary grouting are as follows:
firstly, taking the highest-position preformed hole on the pipe ring as a grouting hole, taking one or two secondary high-position preformed holes on the same pipe ring as pressure relief holes, and adopting light slurry to perform grouting according to the steps 1) to 3);
after the slip casting mouth of closed light thick liquid, change the relief valve of light thick liquid slip casting for the slip casting valve, at the relief valve of the preformed hole installation on the preceding section of jurisdiction of slip casting valve place section of jurisdiction simultaneously, then adopt heavy thick liquid to slip casting in the outer space of section of jurisdiction, when finding there is heavy thick liquid to flow from the relief valve, stop the slip casting operation, seal the slip casting hole, reach secondary slip casting construction purpose.
5. The secondary grouting method for shield construction according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: in the grouting process, the critical pressure of the pressure release valve needs to be finely adjusted according to the pressure change of the high-pressure liquid so as to ensure the dynamic pressure balance.
6. The secondary grouting method for shield construction according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: if the tunnel needing secondary grouting is too long and the segment floats, before the step 1), a quick-setting substance is injected into the outer gap of the segment to manufacture a water stop ring, the long gap outside the segment is longitudinally divided into short gaps, and then the steps 1) -3) are utilized to perform respective grouting on the short gaps.
7. The secondary grouting method for shield construction according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: before step 1), if gas exists in the gap between the duct piece and the surrounding rock, a gas release pipe needs to be inserted into the highest position reserved hole of the pipe ring, compressed air in the gap outside the duct piece is released, and step 1) can be started.
8. The secondary grouting method for shield construction according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: if the pipe ring needing secondary grouting is a pipe ring newly pushed out near the shield tail, a grease injection method is needed to avoid the shield tail from being adhered to the newly injected slurry after solidification.
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| KR100885302B1 (en) * | 2007-06-27 | 2009-02-24 | 이순하 | Developing method the developing of underground water well |
| CN102251783B (en) * | 2011-05-10 | 2014-05-28 | 北京城建亚泰建设集团有限公司 | Tunnel two-lining structure back grouting device, and grouting method thereof |
| KR20140004866A (en) * | 2012-07-03 | 2014-01-14 | 삼보굴착(주) | Horizontal adjustment technique by pipe elevation as compensation work in declining problem occurring after propelling |
| CN103397845B (en) * | 2013-07-24 | 2015-08-26 | 国家电网公司 | A kind of method being controlled the sedimentation that push pipe passing through building causes by grout replacement |
| CN104343455B (en) * | 2013-08-05 | 2017-04-12 | 中铁十八局集团有限公司 | Long-distance curved jacking pipe and pipe roof construction technique |
| CN104265325B (en) * | 2014-08-06 | 2017-07-14 | 上海隧道工程有限公司 | Reinforce the non-replacement construction method of push pipe antifriction mud |
| CN104929686A (en) * | 2015-07-01 | 2015-09-23 | 中南大学 | Drainage pressure reducing method controlling shield tunnel uplift and duct piece thereof |
| CN106089245B (en) * | 2016-06-25 | 2018-02-23 | 中交一公局第三工程有限公司 | One kind postpones grouting method after being used for single shield TBM walls |
| CN108691556B (en) * | 2017-04-05 | 2020-11-03 | 宏润建设集团股份有限公司 | Shield synchronous grouting and secondary grouting process |
| CN108868799A (en) * | 2018-08-03 | 2018-11-23 | 中国电建集团铁路建设有限公司 | A kind of earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS is synchronous to infuse mud construction and construction auxiliary system |
| CN110005422B (en) * | 2019-04-11 | 2021-09-03 | 中铁电气化局集团有限公司 | Shield grouting wrapping method |
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