CN110446676B - Elevator device - Google Patents

Abstract

In an elevator apparatus, at least a part of a hoistway device is provided in a hoistway in a vertical direction range of a landing doorway at a lowermost floor, and the hoistway device faces a hoistway wall with a space. The pit ladder has a pair of legs and a plurality of steps. The pit ladder is rotatable between a storage position where the pit ladder faces the hoistway wall at a position closer to the hoistway wall than the hoistway device and a use position where the pit ladder is inclined with respect to the hoistway wall. When the pit ladder is viewed from the front, the hoistway equipment is disposed between the pair of pillars. The steps are disposed only outside a range where the steps interfere with hoistway equipment when the pit ladder is rotated between the storage position and the use position.

Description

Elevator device

Technical Field

The present invention relates to an elevator apparatus in which a pit ladder used when an operator gets in and out of a pit of a hoistway is provided in the hoistway.

Background

In a conventional pit ladder holding device for an elevator, an arm member is horizontally fixed to a guide rail. The arm component is provided with a hook component for hanging the steps of the pit ladder. Further, the arm member is provided with a detection switch for detecting attachment/detachment of the pit ladder (see, for example, patent document 1).

Further, a pit ladder of a conventional elevator apparatus includes a fixed side pillar, a movable side pillar, and a plurality of steps. The fixed side pillar is fixed to the car guide rail. The movable side pillar is horizontally movable relative to the fixed side pillar between a storage position and a use position. Each pedal is horizontally erected between the fixed side pillar and the movable side pillar. Each pedal is slidable relative to the fixed side pillar by movement of the movable side pillar. Further, when the movable-side column is located at the storage position, a part of each of the steps is disposed on the back of the car guide rail (see, for example, patent document 2).

Documents of the prior art

Patent document

Patent document 1: japanese patent laid-open publication No. 2005-263387

Patent document 2: japanese patent laid-open publication No. 2013-220913

Disclosure of Invention

Problems to be solved by the invention

For example, in a machine-roomless elevator, a lot of equipment is installed in a hoistway, but it is also required to reduce a floor space of the hoistway as much as possible. Therefore, as shown in patent documents 1 and 2, even if it is desired to always provide a pit ladder in the hoistway, interference may occur with hoistway equipment fixed near the lowermost floor, for example, an end switch unit, and it may be difficult to always provide a pit ladder in the hoistway.

In contrast, when the pit ladder is stored outside the hoistway, a storage space is required, and it takes time to transport the pit ladder when in use.

The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to obtain an elevator apparatus in which a pit ladder is always installed in a hoistway by efficiently utilizing a space in the hoistway.

Means for solving the problems

An elevator device of the present invention includes: a car that ascends and descends in a hoistway; a hoistway device, at least a part of which is provided in the hoistway in a vertical direction range of a landing doorway at the lowermost floor, and which faces the hoistway wall with a space; and a pit ladder provided in the hoistway, the pit ladder being rotatable between a storage position in which the pit ladder faces the hoistway wall at a position closer to the hoistway wall than the hoistway device and a use position in which the pit ladder is inclined with respect to the hoistway wall, the hoistway device being disposed between the pair of support columns when the pit ladder is viewed from the front, and the steps being disposed only outside a range in which the steps interfere with the hoistway device when the pit ladder is rotated between the storage position and the use position.

Further, an elevator apparatus according to the present invention includes: a car that has an operation member and that moves up and down in a hoistway; a terminal switch unit having a rod-shaped switch support member arranged in the vertical direction and a terminal switch provided on the switch support member and operated by an operation member, the terminal switch unit being provided in the vicinity of the lowermost layer in the hoistway; and a pit ladder provided in the hoistway in parallel with the terminal switch unit, the pit ladder being rotatable between a storage position and a use position, the use position being at a larger inclination angle with respect to the hoistway wall than the storage position, and a detection switch provided on the switch support member and detecting whether or not the pit ladder is located at the storage position.

Effects of the invention

The elevator device of the invention can efficiently utilize the space in the hoistway, thereby a pit elevator is always arranged in the hoistway.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a plan view showing an elevator apparatus according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a side view schematically showing the terminal switch unit and the pit ladder of fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a front view schematically showing the terminal switch unit and the pit ladder of fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a side view showing a state in which the pit ladder of fig. 2 is moved to a use position.

Fig. 5 is a front view schematically showing a terminal switch unit and a pit ladder of an elevator apparatus according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Detailed Description

Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

Embodiment mode 1

Fig. 1 is a plan view showing an elevator apparatus according to embodiment 1 of the present invention, and shows a machine room-less elevator. In the figure, a car 2 and a counterweight 3 are provided in a hoistway 1. The car 2 and the counterweight 3 are suspended in the hoistway 1 by a suspension body 21. The suspension body 21 uses a plurality of ropes or a plurality of belts.

A hoisting machine (not shown) is provided in an upper portion of the hoistway 1. The hoisting machine includes a drive sheave, a motor for rotating the drive sheave, and a brake for braking rotation of the drive sheave. A suspension body 21 is wound around the drive sheave. The car 2 and the counterweight 3 are raised and lowered in the hoistway 1 by rotating the drive sheave.

The car 2 has a front surface 2a located on the landing side, a back surface 2b facing the front surface 2a, a first side surface 2c, and a second side surface 2d facing the first side surface 2 c. A car doorway 2e is provided on the front surface 2 a.

First and second car guide rails 4a, 4b for guiding the up-and-down movement of the car 2 and first and second counterweight guide rails 5a, 5b for guiding the up-and-down movement of the counterweight 3 are provided in the hoistway 1.

The first car guide rail 4a faces the first side surface 2 c. The second car guide rail 4b is opposite the second side face 2 d. That is, the car 2 is disposed between the first and second car guide rails 4a, 4 b. The first and second car guide rails 4a, 4b are disposed at the same position in the front-rear direction of the car 2 (the vertical direction in fig. 1) and at a distance from each other in the width direction of the car 2 (the horizontal direction in fig. 1).

The first and second counterweight guide rails 5a and 5b are disposed at intervals from each other in the width direction of the counterweight 3 (the vertical direction in fig. 1). The counterweight 3 is arranged between the first and second counterweight guide rails 5a, 5 b. The counterweight 3 is disposed on the side of the elevator cage 2 in the lifting area so as to face the second side surface 2d when the counterweight is at the same height as the elevator cage 2.

First and second car suspension wheels 6a and 6b are provided at the lower part of the car 2. A counterweight suspending wheel 7 is provided on the upper part of the counterweight 3. The suspension body 21 has first and second end portions connected to an upper portion inside the hoistway 1.

The suspension body 21 is looped around the first car hanging wheel 6a, the second car hanging wheel 6b, the drive sheave, and the counterweight hanging wheel 7 in this order from the first end side. Specifically, the elevator apparatus of fig. 1 is 2: 1 roping elevator.

A final switch unit 8 as a hoistway device is provided in the vicinity of the lowermost layer in the hoistway 1. The terminal switch unit 8 is fixed to the second car guide rail 4b via a support arm 9. The car 2 is provided with a cam 10 as an operating member for operating the terminal switch unit 8.

A pit ladder 11 is provided in the hoistway 1. The pit ladder 11 is used when an operator enters and exits the hoistway pit 1a through the lowermost landing doorway 20. The pit ladder 11 is connected to the hoistway wall 1b facing the second side surface 2d via a ladder bracket 12.

Fig. 2 is a side view schematically showing the terminal switch unit 8 and the pit ladder 11 in fig. 1, as viewed in the direction of arrow ii in fig. 1. Fig. 2 shows a state in which the car 2 is stopped at the lowermost floor.

Fig. 3 is a front view schematically showing the terminal switch unit 8 and the pit ladder 11 in fig. 1, and is a front view as viewed in the direction of arrow iii in fig. 1.

At least a part of the terminal switch means 8 is provided within a vertical direction range h (fig. 2) of the landing doorway 20 at the lowermost floor. The end switch unit 8 faces the hoistway wall 1b with a gap.

The end switch unit 8 further includes a rod-shaped switch support member 13 and a plurality of (three in this example) end switches 14a, 14b, and 14c provided in the switch support member 13.

The switch support member 13 is disposed in the vertical direction. The end switches 14a, 14b, and 14c are arranged at intervals in the vertical direction. When the car 2 reaches the vicinity of the lowermost part of the hoistway 1, the end switches 14a, 14b, and 14c are operated by the cam 10.

The pit ladder 11 has a pair of pillars 15a, 15b and a plurality of steps 16 provided between the pillars 15a, 15 b. The steps 16 are horizontally arranged at intervals in the vertical direction.

A horizontal shaft 17 is fixed between the upper ends of the support columns 15a and 15 b. The gangway bracket 12 is provided with a long hole 12a through which the shaft 17 passes. The shaft 17 is movable in the up-down direction along the elongated hole 12 a.

The pit ladder 11 is rotatable about a shaft 17 between a storage position (fig. 2) in which the pit ladder 11 faces the hoistway wall 1b at a position closer to the hoistway wall 1b than the destination switch unit 8 and a use position (fig. 4) in which the pit ladder 11 is inclined with respect to the hoistway wall 1 b.

The inclination angle of the pit ladder 11 with respect to the hoistway wall 1b when in the use position is larger than the inclination angle of the pit ladder 11 with respect to the hoistway wall 1b when in the storage position. In this example, when the pit ladder 11 is in the storage position, the pillars 15a and 15b are perpendicular to and parallel to the hoistway wall 1 b.

The lower end of the pit ladder 11 is farther from the hoistway wall 1b when the pit ladder 11 is in the use position than when the pit ladder 11 is in the storage position. The inclination angle of the pit ladder 11 with respect to the hoistway wall 1b is not larger than the inclination angle of the pit ladder 11 when it is in the use position.

In fig. 3, the shaft 17 is not connected to the gangway bracket 12 but connected to the support arm 9. In this way, the pit ladder 11 may be attached to the support arm 9 common to the terminal switch unit 8, not to the dedicated ramp bracket 12.

As shown in fig. 3, when the pit ladder 11 is viewed from the front, the terminal switch unit 8 is disposed between the pair of support columns 15a and 15 b. The step 16 is disposed only outside the range where the terminal switch unit 8 interferes with the pit ladder 11 when the pit ladder 11 is rotated between the storage position and the use position.

That is, the step 16 is disposed only below the lower end of the end switch unit 8. In this example, the lower end of the destination switch unit 8 is located near the floor level FL of the lowermost layer, and the step 16 is disposed only below the floor level FL of the lowermost layer.

When the pit ladder 11 is in the use position, the upper ends of the pillars 15a, 15b are located above the floor height fl0.6m or more from the lowermost floor. Furthermore, when the pit ladder 11 is in the use position, all steps 16 are further away from the hoistway wall 1b than the end switch unit 8. That is, when the pit ladder 11 is in the use position, all the steps 16 are positioned closer to the car 2 than the terminal switch unit 8 as viewed from directly above.

The switch support member 13 is provided with a detection switch 18, and the detection switch 18 detects whether or not the pit ladder 11 is located at the storage position. When the pit ladder 11 is stored at the storage position, the contact of the detection switch 18 is closed. Thereby, the elevator control device (not shown) determines that the pit ladder 11 is located at the storage position.

When the pit ladder 11 is separated from the storage position, the contact of the detection switch 18 is opened. Thus, the elevator control device determines that the pit ladder 11 is not located at the storage position, and prohibits the normal operation, i.e., the automatic operation, of the car 2.

In fig. 2 to 4, the positions and directions of the end switches 14a, 14b, and 14c and the detection switch 18 with respect to the switch support member 13 are different. However, in practice, the end switches 14a, 14b, 14c are arranged in an up-down arrangement at positions operable by the cam 10. The detection switch 18 is disposed at a position where it does not interfere with the cam 10 and contacts the pit ladder 11 located at the storage position.

When an operator enters the hoistway pit 1a, the lowest landing doorway 20 is manually opened in a state where the car 2 is stopped at a position above the lowest landing. Then, the pit ladder 11 is moved to the use position by inserting a hand into the hoistway 1 from the landing doorway 20.

Then, at least one of the support columns 15a and 15b is gripped at a portion above the floor level FL, and the foot is stepped on the step 16, thereby transferring to the pit ladder 11. Then, the pit ladder 11 is used to descend to the hoistway pit 1 a.

When the operator returns from the hoistway pit 1a to the lowest landing, the above-described procedure is reversed. After returning to the lowermost landing, the operator inserts his or her hand into the hoistway 1 from the landing to return the pit ladder 11 to the storage position.

In such an elevator apparatus, even if the pit ladder 11 is overlapped with the destination switch unit 8 when viewed from the front, the step 16 is not provided in a range of interfering with the destination switch unit 8, and therefore the pit ladder 11 can be rotated between the storage position and the use position.

The pillars 15a and 15b are disposed at positions higher than the floor height FL of the lowermost floor, and the steps 16 are provided at appropriate intervals in a range where they do not interfere with the destination switch unit 8, so that the operator can enter and exit the hoistway pit 1a using the pit ladder 11.

Therefore, the space in the hoistway 1 can be efficiently used, and the pit ladder 11 can be installed in the hoistway 1. Further, the degree of freedom in installation of the pit ladder 11 can be improved.

Further, since the step 16 is disposed only below the floor level FL of the lowermost layer, the interference between the pit ladder 11 and the destination switch unit 8 can be avoided, and the operator can easily get in and out of the hoistway pit 1a using the pit ladder 11.

Further, the lower end of the destination switch unit 8 is located near the floor level FL of the lowermost layer. Furthermore, when the pit ladder 11 is viewed from the front, the end switch unit 8 is easily disposed between the pillars 15a and 15 b. Therefore, by selecting the destination switch unit 8 as the hoistway equipment disposed at the same position as the pit ladder 11, the space in the hoistway 1 can be utilized more efficiently.

Further, since the detection switch 18 is provided in the switch support member 13, the detection switch 18 and its lead wire can be efficiently arranged by the terminal switch unit 8, and the pit ladder 11 can be installed in the hoistway 1 at all times. Further, the housing detection system of the pit ladder 11 can be simplified.

In the above example, the pit ladder 11 located at the storage position is parallel to the hoistway wall 1b, but may be inclined to some extent as long as it does not interfere with the car 2 and other equipment.

In the above example, the destination switch unit 8 is shown as a hoistway device, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, when a switch such as a terminal switch is mounted on the car and an operating member for operating the switch is provided on the hoistway side, the hoistway equipment may be an operating member such as a cam. The hoistway equipment may be a pit switch as required by EN 81-205.2.1.5.1, for example.

Further, in the above example, the steps 16 are disposed only below the floor level FL of the lowermost floor, but the steps may be disposed above the floor level of the lowermost floor as long as interference with the hoistway equipment is not caused. For example, when the lower end of the hoistway equipment is positioned slightly above the floor level, the uppermost step may be positioned slightly above the floor level.

Embodiment mode 2

Next, fig. 5 is a front view schematically showing the terminal switch unit 8 and the pit ladder 11 of the elevator apparatus according to embodiment 2 of the present invention. In embodiment 2, when the pit ladder 11 is viewed from the front, the pit ladder 11 is arranged in parallel with the destination switch unit 8. That is, the terminal switch unit 8 is disposed outside the pit ladder 11 in the width direction of the pit ladder 11 and between the pillar 15a and the car guide rail 4 b.

The steps 16 are disposed at both a position below and a position above the floor level FL of the lowermost layer. In other words, the steps 16 are provided at equal intervals throughout the support columns 15a and 15b, as in a normal ladder. The other structure is the same as embodiment 1.

As described above, since there is a space in the plane of the hoistway 1, even when the pit ladder 11 and the terminal switch unit 8 do not overlap each other, by providing the detection switch 18 in the switch support member 13, the detection switch 18 and its lead wire can be efficiently arranged by the terminal switch unit 8, and the pit ladder 11 can be always installed in the hoistway 1. Further, the housing detection system of the pit ladder 11 can be simplified.

Also, the arrangement of the equipment of the elevator apparatus is not limited to fig. 1. For example, the counterweight may be disposed behind the elevator car lifting area so as to face the back surface of the car when the counterweight is at the same height as the car.

Moreover, the invention can be applied to elevators with machine rooms, 1: various types of elevator devices such as a 1-roping elevator and a double-deck elevator in which a pit ladder 11 is installed in a hoistway 1.

Description of the reference symbols

1: a hoistway; 1 a: a well pit; 1 b: a well wall; 2: a car; 8: a terminal switch unit (hoistway equipment); 10: a cam (operating member); 11: a pit ladder; 13: a switch support member; 14a, 14b, 14 c: a terminal switch; 15a, 15 b: a pillar; 16: a step; 18: a detection switch; 20: a landing doorway.

Claims (5)

1. An elevator device is provided with:

a car that ascends and descends in a hoistway;

an end point switch unit as a hoistway device, at least a part of which is provided in a hoistway in a vertical direction range of a landing doorway at a lowermost floor, and which faces a hoistway wall with a gap therebetween, the end point switch unit comprising: a rod-shaped switch support member disposed in the vertical direction; and a terminal switch provided to the switch support member and operated by an operation member provided to the car; and

a pit ladder having a pair of pillars and a plurality of steps provided between the pillars, and provided in the hoistway,

the pit ladder is rotatable between a storage position where the pit ladder faces the hoistway wall at a position closer to the hoistway wall than the end switch unit and a use position where the pit ladder is inclined with respect to the hoistway wall,

the end switch unit is disposed between the pair of support columns when the pit ladder is rotated between the storage position and the use position, and the step is disposed only outside a range in which the end switch unit interferes with the pit ladder when the pit ladder is rotated between the storage position and the use position when the pit ladder is viewed from the front.

2. The elevator arrangement according to claim 1,

the steps are disposed only below a lower end of the hoistway device.

3. The elevator arrangement according to claim 1 or 2,

the steps are disposed only below the floor level of the lowermost layer.

4. The elevator arrangement according to claim 1,

the switch support member is provided with a detection switch for detecting whether or not the pit ladder is located at the storage position.

5. An elevator device is provided with:

a car that has an operation member and that moves up and down in a hoistway;

a terminal switch unit having a rod-shaped switch support member arranged in a vertical direction and a terminal switch provided in the switch support member and operated by the operation member, the terminal switch unit being provided in the vicinity of a lowermost layer in the hoistway; and

a pit ladder provided in the hoistway in parallel with the terminal switch unit,

the pit ladder being rotatable between a stowed position and a use position, the use position being at a greater angle of inclination relative to the hoistway wall than the stowed position,

the switch support member is provided with a detection switch for detecting whether or not the pit ladder is located at the storage position.

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