CN110445199A - Consider three stage dynamic reactive power optimization methods of control number of equipment action constraint - Google Patents
Consider three stage dynamic reactive power optimization methods of control number of equipment action constraint Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
- H02J3/48—Controlling the sharing of the in-phase component
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
- H02J3/50—Controlling the sharing of the out-of-phase component
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of three stage dynamic reactive power optimization methods for considering control number of equipment action constraint, including step 1: establishing the static reactive Optimized model of day part decoupling；Step 2: establishing the Dynamic reactive power optimization model of meter and control number of equipment action constraint；Step 3: solving the Dynamic reactive power optimization model for considering control number of equipment action constraint.The problems such as Dynamic reactive power optimization problem is divided into three phases and is solved by this method, can effectively handle discrete control variable and the idle switching number constraint for controlling equipment, and implement simply, there is practicability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Optimal Power Flow Problems fields, the in particular to excellent method of dynamic reactive, particularly to
A kind of three stage dynamic reactive power optimization methods considering control number of equipment action constraint.
Background technique
It, can be by on-load regulator transformer tap, idle in order to guarantee power grid security, economical operation and quality supply
Compensation considers the scheduling of the three stage dynamic reactive power optimization methods and generator reactive power output of control number of equipment action constraint, comes
Achieve the purpose that improve quality of voltage and reduce network loss, here it is the meanings of reactive power optimization of power system.Traditional static reactive
Optimization is the load for sometime, generally with the minimum target of active loss and considers the constraints such as voltage come when carrying out one
The idle work optimization of discontinuity surface.But load was constantly fluctuated due to 24 hours one day, simply carrying out static reactive optimization will
It may cause frequent adjustment and the switching of reactive-load compensation equipment and transformer tapping, this can greatly shorten making for these control equipment
It is not allow such case to occur in actual operation with the service life.So being counted and being controlled number of equipment action about
The Dynamic reactive power optimization of beam.But Dynamic reactive power optimization belongs to difficult (NP-hard) problem of a kind of NP, it is very difficult to solve, at present
There is no a kind of highly effective and practical methods to solve Dynamic reactive power optimization problem.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of three stage dynamic nothings for considering control number of equipment action constraint
Function optimization method, for handling discrete the problems such as controlling variable and the idle switching number constraint for controlling equipment, with more practical
Property and validity.
The purpose of the present invention is what is be achieved through the following technical solutions:
This kind considers three stage dynamic reactive power optimization methods of control number of equipment action constraint, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: establishing the static reactive Optimized model of day part decoupling；
Step 2: establishing the Dynamic reactive power optimization model for considering control number of equipment action constraint；
Step 3: solve the Dynamic reactive power optimization model for considering control number of equipment action constraint:
Step 3.1: do not consider to adjust the static reactive optimization of constraint:
This stage does not consider the adjusting count constraint of reactive-load compensation equipment and transformer, reactive compensation switching group number and change
The relaxation of the discrete variables such as depressor tap gear is continuous variable, and the Reactive Power Optimazation Problem of discontinuity surface, obtains when solution whole day is multiple
To system in the case where not considering that equipment adjusts count constraint ideal reactive compensation capacity curveWith ideal transformer
No-load voltage ratio curve
Step 3.2: obtaining ladder ideal curve
In this stage by ideal curve Y*Ladder, the ideal curve include ideal reactive compensation capacity curve
With ideal transformer voltage ratio curveObtain corresponding staircase curve Y (including reactive compensation capacity staircase curve
Transformer voltage ratio staircase curve), meet it and adjusts count constraint；
By an ideal curve Y*It is denoted as point range Y*={ y1 *,y2,*…,yT}*, while each period is denoted as subscript collection I0
={ 0,1 ..., T }, where there is 0 moment be primary quantity in order to determine discrete variable；The adjusting number of this equipment is set
The upper limit is Madj；
Ladder ideal curve, which can be considered, contains (M with oneadj+ 1) the staircase curve function of a segmentationCome to ideal curve Y*Make least square fitting, and Y will meet the upper and lower of corresponding variable
Limit constraint, as an optimization problem, decision variable is the subscript collection that staircase curve is respectively segmented head-end
With the variate-value in each segmentation
In formula: S indicates the feasible set for meeting the constraint of variable bound；
Step 3.3: assignment mismatch power
Following Optimized model is solved to obtain final generated power and idle power generating value:
In formula:Reactive compensation capacity value after indicating ladder；Transformer voltage ratio value after indicating ladder；
Further, the specific implementation step of the step 1 is as follows: assuming that system has NBA node, NTPlatform on-load voltage regulation transformation
Device, NGPlatform is adjustable generator has NCA node installs switched capacitors group, and the whole day period is T；
Objective function is established, the target of static reactive optimization is that system whole day active power loss is minimum:
In formula: PlossFor system whole day active power loss；ploss,tFor the system active power loss of day part；
Bound for objective function includes:
(1) power-balance constraint:
In formula: PGi,tAnd QGi,tThe respectively active and reactive power output of t period node i unit；PDi,tAnd QDi, tThe respectively t period
The active and reactive load of node i；QCi, tFor the reactive power of t period node i reactive compensation injection；Ui,tFor t period node i
Voltage magnitude；θij,tFor the phase angle difference of t period route ij head and end voltage；GijAnd BijRespectively in node admittance matrix
The conductance and susceptance value of i row jth column；
(2) inequality constraints of state variable:
In formula:U i,tWithRespectively indicate the minimum and maximum value of node voltage amplitude；P Gi,tWithRespectively indicate hair
The minimum and maximum value of motor group active power output；
(3) inequality constraints of variable is controlled:
In formula: QGi,tIndicate i-th generator reactive power output；Q Gi,tWithRespectively indicate the idle power output of generator i most
Small and maximum value；QCi,tIndicate the reactive capability of i-th reactive-load compensation equipment compensation；Q Ci,tWithRespectively indicate i-th it is idle
Compensate the idle minimum and maximum value of equipment replacement；kTi,tIndicate the no-load voltage ratio of i-th adjustable transformer；k Ti,tWithTable respectively
Show the minimum and maximum value of adjustable transformer no-load voltage ratio.
Further, the specific implementation step of the step 2 is as follows: the objective function of Dynamic reactive power optimization is one day 24 small
The sum of active power loss of period minimum, constraint condition is other than the operation of each period itself constraint, it is also contemplated that reactive compensation
The maximal regulated count constraint of device, i-th maximum switching frequency of capacitor group is in setting real system permission one dayThe maximum allowable adjusting number of i-th load tap changer gear isIf switching n group capacitor adjusts n
Shelves load tap changer, then be denoted as movement n times:
In formula: uCi,tAnd uTi,tRespectively indicate the number that i-th capacitor and i-th transformer are acted in t moment.
Consider that the Dynamic reactive power optimization problem for adjusting count constraint can be expressed as with drag:
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
Dynamic reactive power optimization problem is divided into three phases and is solved by this method, can effectively be handled discrete control and be become
The problems such as switching number constraint of amount and idle control equipment, and implement simply, there is practicability.
Other advantages, target and feature of the invention will be illustrated in the following description to a certain extent, and
And to a certain extent, based on will be apparent to those skilled in the art to investigating hereafter, Huo Zheke
To be instructed from the practice of the present invention.Target and other advantages of the invention can be wanted by following specification and right
Book is sought to be achieved and obtained.
Detailed description of the invention
To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with attached drawing to the present invention make into
The detailed description of one step, in which:
Fig. 1 is the flow diagram for solving Dynamic reactive power optimization model.
Specific embodiment
Hereinafter reference will be made to the drawings, and a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail.It should be appreciated that preferred embodiment
Only for illustrating the present invention, rather than limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, considering three stage dynamic reactive power optimization methods of control number of equipment action constraint, including following step
It is rapid:
Step 1: establish the static reactive Optimized model of day part decoupling:
Assuming that system has NBA node, NTPlatform on-load regulator transformer, NGPlatform is adjustable generator has NCA node installing can
Switched capacitor group, whole day period are T；
Objective function is established, the target of static reactive optimization is that system whole day active power loss is minimum:
In formula: PlossFor system whole day active power loss；ploss,tFor the system active power loss of day part；It should be pointed out that
The bound for objective function includes:
(1) power-balance constraint:
In formula: PGi,tAnd QGi,tThe respectively active and reactive power output of t period node i unit；PDi,tAnd QDi,tThe respectively t period
The active and reactive load of node i；QCi,tFor the reactive power of t period node i reactive compensation injection；Ui,tFor t period node i
Voltage magnitude；θij,tFor the phase angle difference of t period route ij head and end voltage；GijAnd BijRespectively in node admittance matrix
The conductance and susceptance value of i row jth column.
(2) inequality constraints of state variable
In formula:U i,tWithRespectively indicate the minimum and maximum value of node voltage amplitude；P Gi,tWithRespectively indicate hair
The minimum and maximum value of motor group active power output.
(3) inequality constraints of variable is controlled
In formula: QGi,tIndicate i-th generator reactive power output；Q Gi,tWithRespectively indicate the idle power output of generator i most
Small and maximum value；QCi,tIndicate the reactive capability of i-th reactive-load compensation equipment compensation；Q Ci,tWithRespectively indicate i-th it is idle
Compensate the idle minimum and maximum value of equipment replacement；kTi,tIndicate the no-load voltage ratio of i-th adjustable transformer；k Ti,tWithTable respectively
Show the minimum and maximum value of adjustable transformer no-load voltage ratio.
Step 2: establish the Dynamic reactive power optimization model of meter and control number of equipment action constraint:
The objective function of Dynamic reactive power optimization is the sum of the active power loss minimum of one day 24 small period, constraint condition in addition to
The operation constraint of each period itself is outer, it is also contemplated that the maximal regulated count constraint of reactive power compensator, is arranged real system
I-th maximum switching frequency of capacitor group is in permission one dayThe maximum allowable tune of i-th load tap changer gear
Saving number isIf switching n group capacitor adjusts n grades of load tap changers, it is denoted as movement n times.
In formula: uCi,tAnd uTi,tRespectively indicate the number that i-th capacitor and i-th transformer are acted in t moment.
Consider that the Dynamic reactive power optimization problem for adjusting count constraint can be expressed as with drag:
Step 3: solve the Dynamic reactive power optimization model for considering control number of equipment action constraint:
Step 3.1: do not consider to adjust the static reactive optimization of constraint:
This stage does not consider the adjusting count constraint of reactive-load compensation equipment and transformer, reactive compensation switching group number and change
The relaxation of the discrete variables such as depressor tap gear is continuous variable, is actually one non-in the Reactive Power Optimazation Problem in this stage
Linear programming problem can be solved by the algorithm of some maturations, such as interior point method.Discontinuity surface when solution whole day is multiple
Reactive Power Optimazation Problem obtains system ideal reactive compensation capacity curve in the case where not considering that equipment adjusts count constraintWith ideal transformer voltage ratio curve
Step 3.2: obtaining ladder ideal curve
In this stage by ideal curve Y*Ladder, the ideal curve include ideal reactive compensation capacity curve
With ideal transformer voltage ratio curveObtain corresponding staircase curve Y (including reactive compensation capacity staircase curve QCi, become
Transformer voltage ratio staircase curve kTi), meet it and adjusts count constraint；Since ideal curve embodies optimality, so every rank
Terraced curve is closer, and the plan of System Reactive Power Optimized Operation is closer to optimized operation state；
By an ideal curve Y*It is denoted as point range Y*={ y1 *,y2,*…,yT}*, while each period is denoted as subscript collection I0
={ 0,1 ..., T }, where there is 0 moment be primary quantity in order to determine discrete variable；The adjusting number of this equipment is set
The upper limit is Madj；
Ladder ideal curve, which can be considered, contains (M with oneadj+ 1) the staircase curve function of a segmentationCome to ideal curve Y*Make least square fitting, and Y will meet the upper and lower of corresponding variable
Limit constraint.This problem can be described as an optimization problem, and decision variable is the subscript collection that staircase curve is respectively segmented head-endWith the variate-value in each segmentation
In formula: S indicates the feasible set for meeting the constraint of variable bound；
It, can herein it should be noted that optimization problem described in formula (12) has stage separability and state separability
To be solved using a kind of dynamic programming algorithm for being pushed forward-pushing back, specific solution procedure is as follows:
Assuming that first and last end of some segmentation in staircase curve is respectively a, when b, the segmentation and ideal curve Y are defined*It is right
Answer the minimum euclidean distance of subsegment are as follows:
In formula,YWithRespectively indicate ideal curve Y*To the lower and upper limit value of dependent variable.
It is available
Wherein,
In formula:For Y*In the average value (as a >=2) on [a, b] or equal to the value y of initial time period0。
Formula (13), (14) and (15) is set up in the case where variable is continuous situation, if it is considered that reactive-load compensation equipment
The case where switching group number and load tap changer gear are discrete variables needs to modify to formula above.
Setting discrete variable value is ΔdiscIntegral multiple, then
In formula: Z+Indicate positive integer collection.
IfDivide exactly Δdisc, thenOtherwise, it is assumed thatSo root
Have according to the property of quadratic function:
When the head-end that m-th is segmented is imWhen=k, m to M is rememberedadjA segmentation and ideal curve Y*Euclidean distance
The sum of minimum value be f (m, k), i.e.,
It can be proved that it is of equal value for solving (18) and calculating f (0,1).According to the graceful principle of optimization of Bell, have
NoteSo being pushed forward of ladder ideal curve-Backstepping algorithm is as follows:
Step 1: to 0 all≤a≤b≤T, calculating d (a, b).
Step 2: enabling
Step 3: enabling m=Madj-1。
Step 4: traversal k=0,1,2 ..., T are calculated
Step 5: if m=1, executing step 6；Otherwise, m=m-1 is enabled, and executes step 4.
Step 6: calculating
Step 7: enabling i1=next (0,1)；Traverse m=2,3 ..., Madj, enable im=next (m-1, im-1), thenFor optimal subscript collection, which defines an optimal segmentation.
Step 8: traversal m=1,2,3 ..., Madj, the optimal power output of m-th of segmentation under optimal segmentation is calculated, i.e.,
In above-mentioned algorithm, step 4 to step 6 belongs to the process of pushing back, and step 7 and step 8 are to be pushed forward process.
Step 3.3: assignment mismatch power
To ideal reactive compensation capacity curve and ideal transformer voltage ratio curve ladder, original trend can be destroyed
Constraint generates mismatch power, it is therefore desirable to solve following excellent in known reactive compensation capacity and transformer voltage ratio
Change model to obtain final generated power and idle power generating value:
In formula:Reactive compensation capacity value after indicating ladder；Transformer voltage ratio value after indicating ladder.
It should be pointed out that the Optimized model is a Nonlinear programming Model, can be asked using the method for solving of step 3.1
Solution, such as interior point method.
The solution for the Dynamic reactive power optimization model for considering control number of equipment action constraint is divided into three phases by the present invention:
First stage does not consider the adjusting count constraint of reactive-load compensation equipment and transformer, reactive compensation switching group number and transformation
The relaxation of the discrete variables such as device tap gear is continuous variable.It is so one non-linear in the Reactive Power Optimazation Problem in this stage
Planning problem can be solved, such as interior point method by the algorithm of some maturations, and discontinuity surface is idle excellent when solution whole day is multiple
Change problem obtains system ideal reactive compensation capacity curve and ideal in the case where not considering that equipment adjusts count constraint
Transformer voltage ratio curve.Second stage, it would be desirable to curve (including ideal reactive compensation capacity curve and ideal transformation
Device no-load voltage ratio curve) ladder, obtain corresponding staircase curve (including reactive compensation capacity staircase curve, transformer voltage ratio rank
Terraced curve), meet it and adjusts count constraint.Three phases, the optimum results that second stage is obtained are updated to the first rank
In the Optimized model of section, the final result of multistage Dynamic reactive power optimization problem is obtained, discrete control can be effectively handled and become
The problems such as switching number constraint of amount and idle control equipment, and implement simply, there is practicability.
Finally, it is stated that the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical scheme of the present invention and are not limiting, although referring to compared with
Good embodiment describes the invention in detail, those skilled in the art should understand that, it can be to skill of the invention
Art scheme is modified or replaced equivalently, and without departing from the objective and range of the technical program, should all be covered in the present invention
Scope of the claims in.
Claims (2)
1. considering three stage dynamic reactive power optimization methods of control number of equipment action constraint, it is characterised in that: the method packet
Include following steps:
Step 1: establishing the static reactive Optimized model of day part decoupling；
Specific implementation step is as follows: assuming that system has NBA node, NTPlatform on-load regulator transformer, NGPlatform is adjustable generator has NC
A node installs switched capacitors group, and the whole day period is T；
Objective function is established, the target of static reactive optimization is that system whole day active power loss is minimum:
In formula: PlossFor system whole day active power loss；ploss,tFor the system active power loss of day part；
Bound for objective function includes:
(1) power-balance constraint:
In formula: PGi,tAnd QGi,tThe respectively active and reactive power output of t period node i unit；PDi,tAnd QDi,tRespectively t period node i
Active and reactive load；QCi,tFor the reactive power of t period node i reactive compensation injection；Ui,tFor the voltage amplitude of t period node i
Value；θij,tFor the phase angle difference of t period route ij head and end voltage；GijAnd BijThe i-th row jth respectively in node admittance matrix
The conductance and susceptance value of column；
(2) inequality constraints of state variable:
In formula:U i,tWithRespectively indicate the minimum and maximum value of node voltage amplitude；P Gi,tWithRespectively indicate generating set
The minimum and maximum value of active power output；
(3) inequality constraints of variable is controlled:
In formula: QGi,tIndicate i-th generator reactive power output；Q Gi,tWithRespectively indicate the idle power output of generator i minimum and
Maximum value；QCi,tIndicate the reactive capability of i-th reactive-load compensation equipment compensation；Q Ci,tWithRespectively indicate i-th reactive compensation
The minimum and maximum value that equipment replacement is idle；kTi,tIndicate the no-load voltage ratio of i-th adjustable transformer；k Ti,tWithRespectively indicating can
The minimum and maximum value of voltage regulator/transformer no-load voltage ratio；
Step 2: establishing the Dynamic reactive power optimization model of meter and control number of equipment action constraint；
Step 3: solve the Dynamic reactive power optimization model for considering control number of equipment action constraint:
Step 3.1: do not consider to adjust the static reactive optimization of constraint:
This stage does not consider the adjusting count constraint of reactive-load compensation equipment and transformer, reactive compensation switching group number and transformer
The relaxation of the discrete variables such as tap gear is continuous variable, and the Reactive Power Optimazation Problem of discontinuity surface when solution whole day is multiple is
System ideal reactive compensation capacity curve in the case where not considering that equipment adjusts count constraintWith ideal transformer voltage ratio
Curve
Step 3.2: obtaining ladder ideal curve
In this stage by ideal curve Y*Ladder, the ideal curve include ideal reactive compensation capacity curveAnd ideal
Transformer voltage ratio curveObtain corresponding staircase curve(including reactive compensation capacity staircase curveTransformer
No-load voltage ratio staircase curve), meet it and adjusts count constraint；
By an ideal curve Y*It is denoted as point range Y*={ y1 *,y2,*…,yT}*, while each period is denoted as subscript collection I0=0,
1 ..., T }, where there is 0 moment be primary quantity in order to determine discrete variable；The adjusting maximum number of times of this equipment is set
For Madj；
Ladder ideal curve, which can be considered, contains (M with oneadj+ 1) the staircase curve function of a segmentationCome to ideal curve Y*Make least square fitting, and Y will meet the bound of corresponding variable
Constraint, as an optimization problem, decision variable is the subscript collection that staircase curve is respectively segmented head-endWith
Variate-value in each segmentation
In formula: S indicates the feasible set for meeting the constraint of variable bound；
Step 3.3: assignment mismatch power
Following Optimized model is solved to obtain final generated power and idle power generating value:
In formula:Reactive compensation capacity value after indicating ladder；Transformer voltage ratio value after indicating ladder.
2. the three stage dynamic reactive power optimization methods as described in claim 1 for considering control number of equipment action constraint, special
Sign is: the specific implementation step of the step 2 is as follows: the objective function of Dynamic reactive power optimization is having for one day 24 small period
The sum of function network loss minimum, constraint condition is other than the operation of each period itself constraint, it is also contemplated that reactive power compensator is most
Big to adjust count constraint, i-th maximum switching frequency of capacitor group is in setting real system permission one dayI-th
The maximum allowable adjusting number of load tap changer gear isIf switching n group capacitor adjusts n grades of transformer taps
Head is then denoted as movement n times:
In formula: uCi,tAnd uTi,tRespectively indicate the number that i-th capacitor and i-th transformer are acted in t moment.
Consider that the Dynamic reactive power optimization problem for adjusting count constraint can be expressed as with drag:
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| CN111130150A (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2020-05-08 | 国网冀北电力有限公司 | IPM-intPSO-based two-stage dynamic reactive power optimization method |
| CN113363988A (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2021-09-07 | 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司 | Power grid operation optimization method, device and medium based on-load tap changer |
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| CN113363988A (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2021-09-07 | 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司 | Power grid operation optimization method, device and medium based on-load tap changer |
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