CN110439517B - Oil displacement method suitable for heavy oil reservoir - Google Patents
Oil displacement method suitable for heavy oil reservoir Download PDFInfo
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 21
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- 150000002505 iron Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- SNGREZUHAYWORS-UHFFFAOYSA-N perfluorooctanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F SNGREZUHAYWORS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
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- FEBUJFMRSBAMES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[(2-{[3,5-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-phosphanyloxan-4-yl]oxy}-3,5-dihydroxy-6-({[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}methyl)oxan-4-yl)oxy]-3,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-4-yl phosphinite Chemical compound OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC1C(O)C(OC2C(C(OP)C(O)C(CO)O2)O)C(O)C(OC2C(C(CO)OC(P)C2O)O)O1 FEBUJFMRSBAMES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001732 Lignosulfonate Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002305 Schizophyllan Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 alkylbenzene sulfonate Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003876 biosurfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000661 sodium alginate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- 229940005550 sodium alginate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
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- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
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- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- IDGUHHHQCWSQLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanol;hydrate Chemical compound O.CCO IDGUHHHQCWSQLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 abstract description 19
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 16
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 10
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 10
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/58—Compositions for enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons, i.e. for improving the mobility of the oil, e.g. displacing fluids
- C09K8/584—Compositions for enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons, i.e. for improving the mobility of the oil, e.g. displacing fluids characterised by the use of specific surfactants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/58—Compositions for enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons, i.e. for improving the mobility of the oil, e.g. displacing fluids
- C09K8/588—Compositions for enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons, i.e. for improving the mobility of the oil, e.g. displacing fluids characterised by the use of specific polymers
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of crude oil collection, and discloses an oil displacement method suitable for a heavy oil reservoir. Alternately displacing oil for 2-4 times by a Pickering emulsion system and a foam system in a slug combination mode, wherein the total slug injection amount of the Pickering emulsion system and the foam system is 0.4-0.8 PV; the emulsifier of the foam system comprises magnetic nano Fe3O4@SiO2A particulate and foaming agent; the emulsifier of the Pickering emulsion system comprises magnetic nano Fe3O4@ SiO2 particles, a surfactant and a polymer. The oil displacement method is suitable for crude oil with the viscosity lower than 5000mPa & s, has a wider range of crude oil viscosity, and greatly improves the recovery ratio of a high-viscosity heavy oil reservoir.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of crude oil collection, in particular to an oil displacement method suitable for a heavy oil reservoir.
Background
With the development of industry, the contradiction between the social demand of petroleum and the serious shortage of petroleum resources is increasingly intensified. How to produce more oil from developed oil fields becomes the key point of research. With the progress of science and technology, some special oil reservoirs are developed more and more, such as low-permeability oil reservoirs, ultra-low permeability oil reservoirs, high-temperature and high-salinity oil reservoirs and the like. The viscosity of the flowable thick oil is usually as high as several thousand to several ten thousand mPa · s, and the difference between the water and thick oil fluidity is too large, so that the water is easy to carry in, and ineffective displacement and low recovery ratio are caused. The Pickering emulsion oil recovery method was first proposed by Exxon and was used to develop thickened oils with viscosities in the range of 20-3000 mPas. Indoor and field tests prove that the Pickering emulsion can be injected for a long time, can be kept stable in the flowing process and can obviously improve the recovery ratio. And the Son and the like also use Pickering emulsion for oil displacement, and the alternative injection of the emulsion and water is provided to have better oil displacement effect. However, these methods have a disadvantage of low oil recovery efficiency for high crude oil concentrations. Chinese patent publication No. CN101949282 discloses a residual oil bitumen emulsion oil displacement method, which comprises heating residual oil or bitumen to a flowing state, preparing a surfactant aqueous solution with a certain concentration, heating to 80 ℃, then adding the flowing residual oil or bitumen into the hot surfactant solution according to a ratio, stirring to emulsify the residual oil or bitumen, displacing the oil with water to a water content of more than 98% on site, injecting the residual oil or bitumen emulsion for displacement, and then performing subsequent water displacement, wherein the residual oil bitumen emulsion is only suitable for common heavy oil reservoirs (the crude oil viscosity is less than 300mpa.s), the applicable heavy oil viscosity range is narrow, and the recovery ratio of the high-viscosity heavy oil reservoir is greatly reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the problem of low recovery ratio of high-concentration heavy oil in the prior art, provides an oil displacement method suitable for a heavy oil reservoir, is suitable for crude oil with the viscosity lower than 5000mPa & s, has a wider range of crude oil viscosity, and greatly improves the recovery ratio of the high-viscosity heavy oil reservoir.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: an oil displacement method suitable for heavy oil reservoirs is characterized in that a Pickering emulsion system and a foam system are alternately displaced for 2-4 times in a slug combination mode.
The invention adopts a Pickering emulsion system and a foam system to inject the rock core alternately in a slug combination mode, and the emulsion system and the foam system can be dispersed into high-viscosity thick oil. The dispersion effect inhibits the fingering of a low-viscosity oil displacement system on one hand, so that the sweep effect is better; on the other hand, the liquid drops dispersed in the crude oil have excellent diluting and viscosity reducing effects on the thick oil, so that the viscosity of the thick oil contacted with the front edge can be greatly reduced, and the fluidity of the thick oil is improved. In addition, the continuous phase of the emulsion also contains a surfactant, and under the disturbance of flow, the thick oil can form an obvious wire drawing phenomenon, and the thick oil can be emulsified into oil-in-water emulsion droplets through the mechanism, so that the oil washing efficiency is improved. The polymer in the system can reduce the fluidity of the subsequent water flow and increase the swept volume of the subsequent water flow. The recovery ratio of the crude oil with the crude oil viscosity lower than 5000 mPas is greatly improved.
Preferably, the total slug injection amount of the Pickering emulsion system and the foam system is 0.4-0.8 PV.
Preferably, the emulsifier of the foam system comprises magnetic nano Fe3O4@SiO2Granules and a foaming agent.
Preferably, the preparation method of the foam system comprises the following steps: magnetic nano Fe of foaming agent and foam stabilizer3O4@SiO2Adding the particles into deionized water, and stirring at a high speed of 2000-5000r/min for 1-3min to obtain the product.
Preferably, the emulsifier of the Pickering emulsion system comprises magnetic nano Fe3O4@ SiO2 particles, a surfactant and a polymer.
Preferably, the polymer is selected from any one of polyacrylamide, xanthan gum, polyethylene glycol, sodium alginate, scleroglucan, and carboxymethyl cellulose.
Preferably, the surfactant is selected from any one of petroleum carboxylate, petroleum sulfonate, heavy alkylbenzene sulfonate, lignosulfonate, biosurfactant.
Preferably, the oil phase is selected from any one of kerosene, vegetable oil, white oil, gasoline and diesel oil.
Preferably, the preparation method of the magnetic nano Fe3O4@ SiO2 particle comprises the following steps:
1)Fe3O4preparing nano particles: dissolving sodium hydroxide in water to prepare a sodium hydroxide solution; an equal volume of FeCl3Solution and FeSO4Mixing the solutions to obtain a mixed iron salt solution; heating sodium hydroxide solution to 60-80 ℃, dropwise adding the mixed solution of iron salt into the sodium hydroxide solution, stopping heating when the solution becomes black, cooling to room temperature, separating a black product generated by the reaction, washing with water, and drying to obtain Fe3O4A nanoparticle;
2)Fe3O4@SiO2preparing particles: mixing Fe3O4Adding the nanoparticles into water to prepare a colloidal solution, heating to 40-60 ℃, and dropwise adding Na into the colloidal solution2SiO3The solution is simultaneously added with H2SiO4Controlling the pH value of the solution to be 9-10, reacting for 3-4h, heating to 80-95 ℃, reacting for 1-2h, washing with deionized water under the action of a magnet, boiling the washed particles in boiling water, washing with deionized water under the action of a magnet, and drying in vacuum to obtain Fe3O4@SiO2Particles;
3) alkylation treatment: adding amino silane coupling agent into ethanol water solution for hydrolysis, and then adding Fe into the hydrolysate3O4@SiO2The particles are stirred for reaction, washed by absolute ethyl alcohol under the action of a magnet and dried to obtain alkylated Fe3O4@SiO2Particles;
4) grafting: by alkylation of Fe3O4@SiO2Mixing the particles, paraffin and deionized water, stirring and emulsifying at 70-80 deg.C to obtain emulsion, cooling to solidify paraffin, washing with deionized water under the action of magnet, and drying to obtain paraffin emulsion drop; mixing the paraffin emulsion drops with a perfluorooctanoic acid solution, reacting at room temperature, washing with ethanol under the action of a magnet, and drying to obtain the product.
Preferably, the preparation method of the Pickering emulsion system comprises the following steps:
mixing magnetic nano Fe3O4@ SiO2 particles, a surfactant, a polymer and deionized water to form an aqueous phase solution, and performing ultrasonic dispersion uniformly; adding the oil phase into the water phase solution to form an oil-water system which is layered up and down, homogenizing in a homogenizer to obtain a uniformly mixed oil-water system, standing at room temperature, and separating the separated oil phase and water phase to obtain the oil-water composite material.
The invention firstly utilizes the oxidation-reduction method to prepare Fe3O4Nanoparticles of Fe3O4The nano particles as the emulsifier can have better emulsification effect on the solution. In addition, the present invention utilizes Fe3O4The nano particles are taken as carriers to pass through Na2SiO3Hydrolyzed in Fe3O4Covering a layer of silicon dioxide on the surface of the nano-particles to obtain Fe3O4@SiO2Particles, then to Fe3O4@SiO2Subjecting the particles to an alkylation treatment to convert the inorganic Fe3O4@SiO2The surface of the particle is loaded with amino active groups, and the amino active groups are respectively reacted with paraffin and perfluoro caprylic acid to graft the paraffin and the perfluoro caprylic acid to Fe3O4@SiO2Hydrophilic and oleophilic magnetic nano-particles are formed on the surfaces of the particles, and the emulsion formed by the magnetic nano-particles has good stability under the conditions of high temperature and high salt, so that the oil displacement effect of an emulsion system is kept.
Therefore, the invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) the method is suitable for crude oil with the viscosity lower than 5000mPa & s, the viscosity range of the suitable crude oil is wide, and the recovery ratio of a high-viscosity heavy oil reservoir is greatly improved; (2) the emulsion system has stronger stability and can be suitable for high-temperature and high-salinity environments.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples.
In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, all the raw materials and equipment used are commercially available or commonly used in the art, and the methods in the examples are conventional in the art unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
The preparation method of the magnetic nano Fe3O4@ SiO2 particle comprises the following steps:
1)Fe3O4preparing nano particles: dissolving sodium hydroxide inPreparing sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 80g/L in water; an equal volume of FeCl3Solution and FeSO4Mixing the solutions to obtain mixed solution of ferric salt and FeCl3The solution being FeCl3Mixed aqueous solution with HCl, FeCl3The concentration is 2mol/L, the HCl concentration is 0.5 mol/L; FeSO4The solution is FeSO4And a mixed aqueous solution of HCl; FeSO4The concentration is 1 mol/L; the HCl concentration is 0.5 mol/L; heating a sodium hydroxide solution to 70 ℃, dropwise adding a mixed iron salt solution into the sodium hydroxide solution, wherein the adding amount of the mixed iron salt solution is 15 wt% of the sodium hydroxide solution, stopping heating when the solution becomes black, cooling to room temperature, separating a black product generated by the reaction, washing with water, and drying to obtain Fe3O4A nanoparticle;
2)Fe3O4@SiO2preparing particles: mixing Fe3O4Adding the nano particles into water to prepare a colloidal solution with the concentration of 25g/L, heating to 50 ℃, and dropwise adding Na with the concentration of 2mol/L into the colloidal solution2SiO3The solution is added dropwise with the concentration of 0.4mol/LH simultaneously2SiO4The pH of the solution is controlled to be 9.5, Na2SiO3With Fe3O4Reacting for 3 hours at a mass ratio of 1:0.5 for nanoparticles, heating to 90 ℃ for further reaction for 1 hour, washing with deionized water under the action of a magnet, boiling the washed particles in boiling water, washing with deionized water under the action of a magnet, and vacuum drying to obtain Fe3O4@SiO2Particles;
3) alkylation treatment: adding an aminosilane coupling agent KH-550 into an ethanol aqueous solution for hydrolysis, wherein the volume ratio of the aminosilane coupling agent KH-550 to absolute ethanol is 1:30, and then adding Fe into the hydrolysate3O4@SiO2Particles of Fe3O4@SiO2The initial concentration of the particles in the hydrolysate is 10g/L, the particles are stirred to react, washed by absolute ethyl alcohol under the action of a magnet and dried to obtain alkylated Fe3O4@SiO2Particles;
4) grafting: by alkylation of Fe3O4@SiO2Alkylating Fe in a mixed solution of particles, paraffin and deionized water3O4@SiO2The concentration of the particles in the mixed solution is 30g/L, the concentration of the paraffin in the mixed solution is 100g/L, emulsion is obtained by stirring and emulsifying at the temperature of 75 ℃, the emulsion is cooled until the paraffin is solidified, deionized water is used for cleaning under the action of a magnet, and paraffin emulsion drops are obtained by drying; mixing the paraffin emulsion drops with a perfluorooctanoic acid solution, reacting at room temperature with the mass ratio of the paraffin emulsion drops to the perfluorooctanoic acid solution being 1:0.1, washing with ethanol under the action of a magnet, and drying to obtain the product.
The emulsifier of the foam system comprises magnetic nano Fe3O4@SiO2Granular and foaming agents sodium lauryl sulfate; the preparation method of the foam system comprises the following steps: adding a foaming agent sodium dodecyl sulfate and a foam stabilizer magnetic nano Fe3O4@SiO2Adding the particles into deionized water, wherein the concentration of the surfactant is 0.2g/L, and the magnetic nano Fe3O4@SiO2The concentration of the particles is 2g/L, and the particles are stirred at a high speed of 3000r/min for 2min to obtain the product.
The emulsifier of the Pickering emulsion system comprises magnetic nano Fe3O4@ SiO2 particles, a surfactant of petroleum carboxylate and polymer of polyacrylamide. The preparation method of the Pickering emulsion system comprises the following steps:
mixing magnetic nano Fe3O4@ SiO2 particles, a surfactant, a polymer and deionized water to form an aqueous phase solution, wherein the magnetic nano Fe in the aqueous phase solution3O4@SiO2The concentration of the particles is 2g/L, the concentration of the surfactant is 0.2g/L, and the concentration of the polymer is 1000 mg/L; ultrasonic dispersion is uniform; adding kerosene into the aqueous phase solution to form an oil-water system which is layered up and down, wherein the volume ratio of the aqueous phase to the oil phase is 1:4, homogenizing in a homogenizer to obtain the oil-water system which is uniformly mixed, standing at room temperature, and separating the separated oil phase and the separated aqueous phase to obtain the oil-water composite fuel.
The oil displacement method is suitable for heavy oil reservoirs, wherein a Pickering emulsion system and a foam system are alternately displaced for 3 times in a slug combination mode (firstly, the Pickering emulsion system is displaced, then, the foam system is displaced, and then, the Pickering emulsion system is displaced); the total section plug injection amount of the Pickering emulsion system and the foam system is 0.6 PV; the slug injection amount of the Pickering emulsion liquid system is 0.4PV, and the slug injection amount of the foam system is 0.2 PV.
Example 2
The preparation method of the magnetic nano Fe3O4@ SiO2 particle comprises the following steps:
1)Fe3O4preparing nano particles: dissolving sodium hydroxide in water to prepare a sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 80 g/L; an equal volume of FeCl3Solution and FeSO4Mixing the solutions to obtain mixed solution of ferric salt and FeCl3The solution being FeCl3Mixed aqueous solution with HCl, FeCl3The concentration is 2mol/L, the HCl concentration is 0.5 mol/L; FeSO4The solution is FeSO4And a mixed aqueous solution of HCl; FeSO4The concentration is 1 mol/L; the HCl concentration is 0.5 mol/L; heating a sodium hydroxide solution to 75 ℃, dropwise adding a mixed iron salt solution into the sodium hydroxide solution, dropwise adding the mixed iron salt solution into the sodium hydroxide solution, stopping heating when the solution becomes black, cooling to room temperature, separating a black product generated by the reaction, washing with water, and drying to obtain Fe3O4A nanoparticle;
2)Fe3O4@SiO2preparing particles: mixing Fe3O4Adding the nano particles into water to prepare a colloidal solution with the concentration of 25g/L, heating to 55 ℃, and dropwise adding Na with the concentration of 2mol/L into the colloidal solution2SiO3The solution is added dropwise with the concentration of 0.4mol/LH simultaneously2SiO4The pH of the solution is controlled to be 10 and Na2SiO3With Fe3O4Reacting for 4 hours at the mass ratio of 1:0.5 of the nano particles, heating to 95 ℃ and reacting for 1 hour, washing with deionized water under the action of a magnet, boiling the washed particles in boiling water, washing with deionized water under the action of the magnet, and drying in vacuum to obtain Fe3O4@SiO2Particles;
3) alkylation treatment: adding an aminosilane coupling agent KH-550 into an ethanol aqueous solution for hydrolysis, wherein the volume ratio of the aminosilane coupling agent KH-550 to absolute ethanol is 1:30, and then adding Fe into the hydrolysate3O4@SiO2Particles of Fe3O4@SiO2The initial concentration of the particles in the hydrolysate is 10g/L, the particles are stirred to react, and the absolute ethyl alcohol is removed under the action of a magnetWashing and drying to obtain alkylated Fe3O4@SiO2Particles;
4) grafting: by alkylation of Fe3O4@SiO2Alkylating Fe in a mixed solution of particles, paraffin and deionized water3O4@SiO2The concentration of the particles in the mixed solution is 30g/L, the concentration of the paraffin in the mixed solution is 100g/L, emulsion is obtained by stirring and emulsifying at the temperature of 80 ℃, the emulsion is cooled until the paraffin is solidified, deionized water is used for cleaning under the action of a magnet, and paraffin emulsion drops are obtained by drying; mixing the paraffin emulsion drops with a perfluorooctanoic acid solution, reacting at room temperature with the mass ratio of the paraffin emulsion drops to the perfluorooctanoic acid solution being 1:0.1, washing with ethanol under the action of a magnet, and drying to obtain the product.
The emulsifier of the foam system comprises magnetic nano Fe3O4@SiO2Granular and foaming agents sodium lauryl sulfate; the preparation method of the foam system comprises the following steps: adding a foaming agent sodium dodecyl sulfate and a foam stabilizer magnetic nano Fe3O4@SiO2Adding the particles into deionized water, wherein the concentration of the surfactant is 0.3g/L, and the magnetic nano Fe3O4@SiO2The concentration of the particles is 2g/L, and the particles are stirred at a high speed of 4000r/min for 3min to obtain the product.
The emulsifier of the Pickering emulsion system comprises magnetic nano Fe3O4@ SiO2 particles, a surfactant petroleum sulfonate and a polymer xanthan gum. The preparation method of the Pickering emulsion system comprises the following steps:
mixing magnetic nano Fe3O4@ SiO2 particles, a surfactant, a polymer and deionized water to form an aqueous phase solution, wherein the magnetic nano Fe in the aqueous phase solution3O4@SiO2The concentration of the particles is 2.5g/L, the concentration of the surfactant is 0.3g/L, and the concentration of the polymer is 1200 mg/L; ultrasonic dispersion is uniform; adding vegetable oil into the aqueous phase solution to form an oil-water system which is layered up and down, wherein the volume ratio of the aqueous phase to the oil phase is 1:4, homogenizing in a homogenizer to obtain the oil-water system which is uniformly mixed, standing at room temperature, and separating the separated oil phase and the separated aqueous phase to obtain the vegetable oil-water composite material.
The oil displacement method is suitable for heavy oil reservoirs, wherein a Pickering emulsion system and a foam system are alternately displaced for 4 times in a slug combination mode (Pickering emulsion system displacement-foam system displacement-Pickering emulsion system displacement-foam system displacement); the total section plug injection amount of the Pickering emulsion system and the foam system is 0.8 PV; the slug injection amount of the Pickering emulsion liquid system is 0.4PV, and the slug injection amount of the foam system is 0.4 PV.
Example 3
The preparation method of the magnetic nano Fe3O4@ SiO2 particle comprises the following steps:
1)Fe3O4preparing nano particles: dissolving sodium hydroxide in water to prepare a sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 80 g/L; an equal volume of FeCl3Solution and FeSO4Mixing the solutions to obtain mixed solution of ferric salt and FeCl3The solution being FeCl3Mixed aqueous solution with HCl, FeCl3The concentration is 2mol/L, the HCl concentration is 0.5 mol/L; FeSO4The solution is FeSO4And a mixed aqueous solution of HCl; FeSO4The concentration is 1 mol/L; the HCl concentration is 0.5 mol/L; heating a sodium hydroxide solution to 65 ℃, dropwise adding a mixed iron salt solution into the sodium hydroxide solution, dropwise adding the mixed iron salt solution into the sodium hydroxide solution, stopping heating when the solution becomes black, cooling to room temperature, separating a black product generated by the reaction, washing with water, and drying to obtain Fe3O4A nanoparticle;
2)Fe3O4@SiO2preparing particles: mixing Fe3O4Adding the nano particles into water to prepare a colloidal solution with the concentration of 25g/L, heating to 45 ℃, and dropwise adding Na with the concentration of 2mol/L into the colloidal solution2SiO3The solution is added dropwise with the concentration of 0.4mol/LH simultaneously2SiO4Controlling the pH of the solution to be 9 and Na2SiO3With Fe3O4Reacting for 3 hours at a mass ratio of 1:0.5 for nanoparticles, heating to 85 ℃ for further reaction for 1 hour, washing with deionized water under the action of a magnet, boiling the washed particles in boiling water, washing with deionized water under the action of a magnet, and drying in vacuum to obtain Fe3O4@SiO2Particles;
3) alkylation treatment: adding an aminosilane coupling agent KH-550 into an ethanol aqueous solution for hydrolysis, wherein the aminosilane coupling agentKH-550 and absolute ethyl alcohol with volume ratio of 1:30, and adding Fe into the hydrolysate3O4@SiO2Particles of Fe3O4@SiO2The initial concentration of the particles in the hydrolysate is 10g/L, the particles are stirred to react, washed by absolute ethyl alcohol under the action of a magnet and dried to obtain alkylated Fe3O4@SiO2Particles;
4) grafting: by alkylation of Fe3O4@SiO2Alkylating Fe in a mixed solution of particles, paraffin and deionized water3O4@SiO2The concentration of the particles in the mixed solution is 30g/L, the concentration of the paraffin in the mixed solution is 100g/L, emulsion is obtained by stirring and emulsifying at the temperature of 70 ℃, the emulsion is cooled until the paraffin is solidified, deionized water is used for cleaning under the action of a magnet, and paraffin emulsion drops are obtained by drying; mixing the paraffin emulsion drops with a perfluorooctanoic acid solution, reacting at room temperature with the mass ratio of the paraffin emulsion drops to the perfluorooctanoic acid solution being 1:0.1, washing with ethanol under the action of a magnet, and drying to obtain the product.
The emulsifier of the foam system comprises magnetic nano Fe3O4@SiO2Granular and foaming agents sodium lauryl sulfate; the preparation method of the foam system comprises the following steps: adding a foaming agent sodium dodecyl sulfate and a foam stabilizer magnetic nano Fe3O4@SiO2Adding the particles into deionized water, wherein the concentration of the surfactant is 0.15g/L, and the magnetic nano Fe3O4@SiO2The concentration of the particles is 1g/L, and the particles are stirred at a high speed of 3000r/min for 2min to obtain the product.
The emulsifier of the Pickering emulsion system comprises magnetic nano Fe3O4@ SiO2 particles, surfactant heavy alkylbenzene sulfonate and polymer polyethylene glycol. The preparation method of the Pickering emulsion system comprises the following steps:
mixing magnetic nano Fe3O4@ SiO2 particles, a surfactant, a polymer and deionized water to form an aqueous phase solution, wherein the magnetic nano Fe in the aqueous phase solution3O4@SiO2The concentration of the particles is 1g/L, the concentration of the surfactant is 0.15g/L, and the concentration of the polymer is 800 mg/L; ultrasonic dispersion is uniform; adding white oil into the aqueous phase solution to form an oil-water system with upper and lower layers, wherein the volume ratio of the aqueous phase to the oil phase is 1:3, and the oil phase isHomogenizing in a homogenizer to obtain an oil-water system which is uniformly mixed, standing at room temperature, and separating out an oil phase and a water phase to obtain the oil-water composite material.
The method is suitable for the oil displacement method of the heavy oil reservoir, the Pickering emulsion system and the foam system are alternately displaced for 2 times in a slug combination mode (firstly, the Pickering emulsion system is displaced for oil, and then, the foam system is displaced for oil); the total section plug injection amount of the Pickering emulsion system and the foam system is 0.4 PV; the slug injection amount of the Pickering emulsion liquid system is 0.2PV, and the slug injection amount of the foam system is 0.2 PV.
Example 4
The preparation method of the magnetic nano Fe3O4@ SiO2 particle comprises the following steps:
1)Fe3O4preparing nano particles: dissolving sodium hydroxide in water to prepare a sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 80 g/L; an equal volume of FeCl3Solution and FeSO4Mixing the solutions to obtain mixed solution of ferric salt and FeCl3The solution being FeCl3Mixed aqueous solution with HCl, FeCl3The concentration is 2mol/L, the HCl concentration is 0.5 mol/L; FeSO4The solution is FeSO4And a mixed aqueous solution of HCl; FeSO4The concentration is 1 mol/L; the HCl concentration is 0.5 mol/L; heating a sodium hydroxide solution to 80 ℃, dropwise adding a mixed iron salt solution into the sodium hydroxide solution, dropwise adding the mixed iron salt solution into the sodium hydroxide solution, stopping heating when the solution becomes black, cooling to room temperature, separating a black product generated by the reaction, washing with water, and drying to obtain Fe3O4A nanoparticle;
2)Fe3O4@SiO2preparing particles: mixing Fe3O4Adding the nano particles into water to prepare a colloidal solution with the concentration of 25g/L, heating to 60 ℃, and dropwise adding Na with the concentration of 2mol/L into the colloidal solution2SiO3The solution is added dropwise with the concentration of 0.4mol/LH simultaneously2SiO4The pH of the solution is controlled to be 10 and Na2SiO3With Fe3O4The mass ratio of the nano particles is 1:0.5, the reaction is carried out for 4h, the temperature is raised to 95 ℃, the reaction is carried out for 1h, deionized water is used for cleaning under the action of a magnet, the cleaned particles are added into boiling water for boiling, and under the action of the magnet, the particles are removedWashing with ionized water, and vacuum drying to obtain Fe3O4@SiO2Particles;
3) alkylation treatment: adding an aminosilane coupling agent KH-550 into an ethanol aqueous solution for hydrolysis, wherein the volume ratio of the aminosilane coupling agent KH-550 to absolute ethanol is 1:30, and then adding Fe into the hydrolysate3O4@SiO2Particles of Fe3O4@SiO2The initial concentration of the particles in the hydrolysate is 10g/L, the particles are stirred to react, washed by absolute ethyl alcohol under the action of a magnet and dried to obtain alkylated Fe3O4@SiO2Particles;
4) grafting: by alkylation of Fe3O4@SiO2Alkylating Fe in a mixed solution of particles, paraffin and deionized water3O4@SiO2The concentration of the particles in the mixed solution is 30g/L, the concentration of the paraffin in the mixed solution is 100g/L, emulsion is obtained by stirring and emulsifying at the temperature of 80 ℃, the emulsion is cooled until the paraffin is solidified, deionized water is used for cleaning under the action of a magnet, and paraffin emulsion drops are obtained by drying; mixing the paraffin emulsion drops with a perfluorooctanoic acid solution, reacting at room temperature with the mass ratio of the paraffin emulsion drops to the perfluorooctanoic acid solution being 1:0.1, washing with ethanol under the action of a magnet, and drying to obtain the product.
The emulsifier of the foam system comprises magnetic nano Fe3O4@SiO2Granular and foaming agents sodium lauryl sulfate; the preparation method of the foam system comprises the following steps: adding a foaming agent sodium dodecyl sulfate and a foam stabilizer magnetic nano Fe3O4@SiO2Adding the particles into deionized water, wherein the concentration of the surfactant is 0.3g/L, and the magnetic nano Fe3O4@SiO2The concentration of the particles is 3g/L, and the particles are stirred at a high speed of 5000r/min for 1min to obtain the product.
The emulsifier of the Pickering emulsion system comprises magnetic nano Fe3O4@ SiO2 particles, surfactant lignosulfonate and polymer sodium alginate. The preparation method of the Pickering emulsion system comprises the following steps:
mixing magnetic nano Fe3O4@ SiO2 particles, a surfactant, a polymer and deionized water to form an aqueous phase solution, wherein the magnetic nano Fe in the aqueous phase solution3O4@SiO2The concentration of the particles is 3g/L, the concentration of the surfactant is 0.3g/L, and the concentration of the polymer is 1500 mg/L; ultrasonic dispersion is uniform; adding gasoline into the water phase solution to form an oil-water system which is layered up and down, wherein the volume ratio of the water phase to the oil phase is 1:5, homogenizing in a homogenizer to obtain the oil-water system which is uniformly mixed, standing at room temperature, and separating the separated oil phase and the separated water phase to obtain the gasoline-diesel fuel.
The oil displacement method is suitable for heavy oil reservoirs, wherein a Pickering emulsion system and a foam system are alternately displaced for 4 times in a slug combination mode (Pickering emulsion system displacement-foam system displacement-Pickering emulsion system displacement-foam system displacement); the total section plug injection amount of the Pickering emulsion system and the foam system is 0.8 PV; the slug injection amount of the Pickering emulsion liquid system is 0.4PV, and the slug injection amount of the foam system is 0.4 PV.
Example 5
The preparation method of the magnetic nano Fe3O4@ SiO2 particle comprises the following steps:
1)Fe3O4preparing nano particles: dissolving sodium hydroxide in water to prepare a sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 80 g/L; an equal volume of FeCl3Solution and FeSO4Mixing the solutions to obtain mixed solution of ferric salt and FeCl3The solution being FeCl3Mixed aqueous solution with HCl, FeCl3The concentration is 2mol/L, the HCl concentration is 0.5 mol/L; FeSO4The solution is FeSO4And a mixed aqueous solution of HCl; FeSO4The concentration is 1 mol/L; the HCl concentration is 0.5 mol/L; heating a sodium hydroxide solution to 60 ℃, dropwise adding a mixed iron salt solution into the sodium hydroxide solution, dropwise adding the mixed iron salt solution into the sodium hydroxide solution, stopping heating when the solution becomes black, cooling to room temperature, separating a black product generated by the reaction, washing with water, and drying to obtain Fe3O4A nanoparticle;
2)Fe3O4@SiO2preparing particles: mixing Fe3O4Adding the nano particles into water to prepare a colloidal solution with the concentration of 25g/L, heating to 40 ℃, and dropwise adding Na with the concentration of 2mol/L into the colloidal solution2SiO3The solution is added dropwise with the concentration of 0.4mol/LH simultaneously2SiO4Controlling the pH of the solution to be 9 and Na2SiO3With Fe3O4Reacting for 3 hours at the mass ratio of 1:0.5 of the nano particles, heating to 80 ℃, reacting for 2 hours, washing with deionized water under the action of a magnet, boiling the washed particles in boiling water, washing with deionized water under the action of the magnet, and drying in vacuum to obtain Fe3O4@SiO2Particles;
3) alkylation treatment: adding an aminosilane coupling agent KH-550 into an ethanol aqueous solution for hydrolysis, wherein the volume ratio of the aminosilane coupling agent KH-550 to absolute ethanol is 1:30, and then adding Fe into the hydrolysate3O4@SiO2Particles of Fe3O4@SiO2The initial concentration of the particles in the hydrolysate is 10g/L, the particles are stirred to react, washed by absolute ethyl alcohol under the action of a magnet and dried to obtain alkylated Fe3O4@SiO2Particles;
4) grafting: by alkylation of Fe3O4@SiO2Alkylating Fe in a mixed solution of particles, paraffin and deionized water3O4@SiO2The concentration of the particles in the mixed solution is 30g/L, the concentration of the paraffin in the mixed solution is 100g/L, emulsion is obtained by stirring and emulsifying at the temperature of 70 ℃, the emulsion is cooled until the paraffin is solidified, deionized water is used for cleaning under the action of a magnet, and paraffin emulsion drops are obtained by drying; mixing the paraffin emulsion drops with a perfluorooctanoic acid solution, reacting at room temperature with the mass ratio of the paraffin emulsion drops to the perfluorooctanoic acid solution being 1:0.1, washing with ethanol under the action of a magnet, and drying to obtain the product.
The emulsifier of the foam system comprises magnetic nano Fe3O4@SiO2Granular and foaming agents sodium lauryl sulfate; the preparation method of the foam system comprises the following steps: adding a foaming agent sodium dodecyl sulfate and a foam stabilizer magnetic nano Fe3O4@SiO2Adding the particles into deionized water, wherein the concentration of the surfactant is 0.1g/L, and the magnetic nano Fe3O4@SiO2The concentration of the particles is 0.5g/L, and the particles are stirred at a high speed of 2000r/min for 3min to obtain the product.
The emulsifier of the Pickering emulsion system comprises magnetic nano Fe3O4@ SiO2 particles, a surfactant biosurfactant and polymer scleroglucan. The preparation method of the Pickering emulsion system comprises the following steps:
mixing magnetic nano Fe3O4@ SiO2 particles, a surfactant, a polymer and deionized water to form an aqueous phase solution, wherein the magnetic nano Fe in the aqueous phase solution3O4@SiO2The concentration of the particles is 0.5g/L, the concentration of the surfactant is 0.1g/L, and the concentration of the polymer is 500 mg/L; ultrasonic dispersion is uniform; adding diesel oil into the aqueous phase solution to form an oil-water system which is layered up and down, wherein the volume ratio of the aqueous phase to the oil phase is 1:3, homogenizing in a homogenizer to obtain the oil-water system which is uniformly mixed, standing at room temperature, and separating the separated oil phase and the separated aqueous phase to obtain the diesel oil.
The method is suitable for the oil displacement method of the heavy oil reservoir, the Pickering emulsion system and the foam system are alternately displaced for 2 times in a slug combination mode (firstly, the Pickering emulsion system is displaced for oil, and then, the foam system is displaced for oil); the total section plug injection amount of the Pickering emulsion system and the foam system is 0.4 PV; the slug injection amount of the Pickering emulsion liquid system is 0.3PV, and the slug injection amount of the foam system is 0.1 PV.
Test and test:
selecting a rock core with the permeability of about 1000mD, vacuumizing, saturating formation water, weighing wet weight, and calculating the porosity of the rock core; and (3) loading the core into a holder, connecting a pipeline, displacing crude oil, creating bound water, and aging for 30 hours. Displacing the crude oil in the core by using the stratum water until no oil is produced at the outlet end, recording the oil production at the outlet, and calculating the water-flooding recovery ratio; and (3) transferring the magnetic Pickering emulsion with a certain slug size, transferring a foam system with a certain slug size after the injection is finished, injecting formation water into the rock core until no oil is seen at the outlet end, stopping the injection, recording the oil output of the outlet, and calculating the magnetic Pickering emulsion to improve the crude oil recovery ratio.
The experimental data can obtain that the invention can displace oil for crude oil with the viscosity of 4000 mPa.s, and improve the recovery ratio of the crude oil to be kept above 20 percent, thereby proving that the invention greatly improves the recovery ratio of high-viscosity heavy oil reservoirs and is suitable for recovering high-viscosity crude oil.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. An oil displacement method suitable for a heavy oil reservoir is characterized in that a Pickering emulsion system and a foam system are alternately displaced for 2-4 times in a slug combination mode; the emulsifier of the foam system comprises magnetic nano Fe3O4@SiO2A particulate and foaming agent; the magnetic nano Fe3O4@SiO2The preparation method of the particles comprises the following steps:
1）Fe3O4preparing nano particles: dissolving sodium hydroxide in water to prepare a sodium hydroxide solution; an equal volume of FeCl3Solution and FeSO4Mixing the solutions to obtain a mixed iron salt solution; heating sodium hydroxide solution to 60-80 ℃, dropwise adding the mixed solution of iron salt into the sodium hydroxide solution, stopping heating when the solution becomes black, cooling to room temperature, separating a black product generated by the reaction, washing with water, and drying to obtain Fe3O4A nanoparticle;
2）Fe3O4@SiO2preparing particles: mixing Fe3O4Adding the nanoparticles into water to prepare a colloidal solution, heating to 40-60 ℃, and dropwise adding Na into the colloidal solution2SiO3The solution is simultaneously added with H2SiO4Controlling the pH value of the solution to be 9-10, reacting for 3-4h, heating to 80-95 ℃, reacting for 1-2h, washing with deionized water under the action of a magnet, and washing the particlesBoiling in boiling water, washing with deionized water under the action of magnet, and vacuum drying to obtain Fe3O4@SiO2Particles;
3) alkylation treatment: adding amino silane coupling agent into ethanol water solution for hydrolysis, and then adding Fe into the hydrolysate3O4@SiO2The particles are stirred for reaction, washed by absolute ethyl alcohol under the action of a magnet and dried to obtain alkylated Fe3O4@SiO2Particles;
4) grafting: by alkylation of Fe3O4@SiO2Mixing the particles, paraffin and deionized water, stirring and emulsifying at 70-80 deg.C to obtain emulsion, cooling to solidify paraffin, washing with deionized water under the action of magnet, and drying to obtain paraffin emulsion drop; mixing the paraffin emulsion drops with a perfluorooctanoic acid solution, reacting at room temperature, washing with ethanol under the action of a magnet, and drying to obtain the product.
2. The method for displacing oil in a heavy oil reservoir according to claim 1, wherein the total slug injection amount of the Pickering emulsion system and the foam system is 0.4-0.8 PV.
3. The method for flooding the heavy oil reservoir according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the foam system comprises the following steps: magnetic nano Fe of foaming agent and foam stabilizer3O4@SiO2Adding the particles into deionized water, and stirring at a high speed of 2000-5000r/min for 1-3min to obtain the product.
4. The method for displacing oil in heavy oil reservoir according to claim 1, wherein the emulsifier of the Pickering emulsion system comprises magnetic nano Fe3O4@SiO2Particles, surfactants, and polymers.
5. The method for flooding the heavy oil reservoir according to claim 4, wherein the polymer is selected from any one of polyacrylamide, xanthan gum, polyethylene glycol, sodium alginate, scleroglucan and carboxymethyl cellulose.
6. The method of claim 4, wherein the surfactant is selected from any one of petroleum carboxylate, petroleum sulfonate, heavy alkylbenzene sulfonate, lignosulfonate and biosurfactant.
7. The oil displacement method suitable for the heavy oil reservoir according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the Pickering emulsion system comprises the following steps:
magnetic nano Fe3O4@SiO2Mixing the particles, the surfactant, the polymer and the deionized water to form an aqueous phase solution, and uniformly dispersing by ultrasonic; adding the oil phase into the water phase solution to form an oil-water system which is layered up and down, placing the oil-water system in a homogenizer for homogenization to obtain a uniformly mixed oil-water system, standing at room temperature, and separating the separated oil phase and water phase to obtain the oil-water composite material.
8. The method for flooding heavy oil reservoirs according to claim 7, wherein the oil phase is selected from any one of kerosene, vegetable oil, white oil, gasoline and diesel oil.
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