CN110439194B - Mounting structure and mounting method of wood rafters of antique building - Google Patents
Mounting structure and mounting method of wood rafters of antique building Download PDFInfo
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- CN110439194B CN110439194B CN201910662620.4A CN201910662620A CN110439194B CN 110439194 B CN110439194 B CN 110439194B CN 201910662620 A CN201910662620 A CN 201910662620A CN 110439194 B CN110439194 B CN 110439194B
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- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 142
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 128
- 239000013013 elastic material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 52
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 20
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 12
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011900 installation process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/38—Connections for building structures in general
- E04B1/41—Connecting devices specially adapted for embedding in concrete or masonry
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
- E04D13/00—Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage ; Sky-lights
- E04D13/15—Trimming strips; Edge strips; Fascias; Expansion joints for roofs
- E04D13/158—Trimming strips; Edge strips; Fascias; Expansion joints for roofs covering the overhang at the eave side, e.g. soffits, or the verge of saddle roofs
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- Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
- Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a mounting structure and a mounting method of a wood rafter of an antique building. The mounting structure of the wood rafter of the archaized building comprises a reinforced concrete member, the wood rafter, a flying rafter grid baffle, a roof boarding, a connecting piece, a positioning ball made of an elastic material and a reinforced concrete roof boarding; the reinforced concrete member is provided with a mounting groove, and the near end of the wood rafter is inserted into the mounting groove; the near end of the flying rafter is arranged on the upper side of the wooden rafter; the flying beam grid baffle is arranged at the far end of the flying beam; the roof boarding cover is arranged on the upper side of the flying rafters; the connecting piece is a bolt, one end of the connecting piece is embedded into the reinforced concrete roof slab, and the other end of the connecting piece is fixedly connected with the roof slab, the fly rafters and the wood rafters in sequence; the reinforced concrete roof plate cover is arranged on the upper side of the roof plate and is fixedly connected with the reinforced concrete member. The near end of the wood rafter is embedded into the mounting groove, so that the wood rafter is fixedly connected with the reinforced concrete member.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of constructional engineering, in particular to a mounting structure and a mounting method of a wood rafter of an antique building.
Background
The ancient Chinese building is a unique style building science in the world and is a bright pearl in the world building art treasure house. With the development of construction techniques and construction conditions, and the expansion of aesthetic objects, functional pleasure has become an important content of construction forms, thus making archaized buildings popular. Rafters and flyers are arranged under the roof of a building, and the rafters and the flyers are special forms of ancient buildings in China.
Rafters in ancient buildings are wooden, and the main function of the fly rafters is as follows: the roof bearing roof tile has the functions of increasing the raising depth and making the ditch far and beautiful. In the archaize building, most of the structure main bodies are concrete structures, and rafters are only used as decorative members, so that the effects of attractiveness and culture inheritance are achieved. In archaize building, install wooden rafter, the mode is generally two kinds: firstly, drilling holes by adopting an electric hammer, and fixing rafters and flying clips on a wood pile by using long round nails; secondly, pre-burying battens when roof concrete is poured, and fixing rafters and flyers by round nails.
However, the existing wood rafter installation method has the following problems: one is that the construction period is long, generally, after roof concrete is poured, rafters are installed after 28 days and other concrete strength is achieved; the other is that the round nails are easy to oxidize, corrode and rot the wood, so that rafters are loosened and infirm, regardless of the adoption of electric hammer drilling and long round nail fixing or pre-embedded batten and round nail fixing; moreover, the concrete embedded steel bars often do not meet the requirements, and the wood rafters can be installed only by repairing or even cutting the concrete embedded steel bars. The problems can hide potential safety hazards and slow down the engineering progress, and further reduce the construction efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention aims to provide an installation structure and an installation method of a wooden rafter of an antique building, and solves the problems of infirm installation, large potential safety hazard, long construction period, low construction efficiency and high engineering cost caused by the installation of the existing embedded battens and long round nails, electric hammer drilling and long round nails.
The embodiment of the invention provides a mounting structure of a wood rafter of an antique building, which comprises:
the reinforced concrete member, the wood rafter, the flying rafter grid baffle, the roof boarding, the connecting piece, the positioning ball made of elastic materials and the reinforced concrete roof boarding;
the reinforced concrete member is provided with a mounting groove, the near end of the wood rafter is provided with a third dovetail joint, and the third dovetail joint is embedded into the mounting groove so that the wood rafter is fixedly connected with the reinforced concrete member;
the far end of the wood rafter is provided with a groove, and the depth of the groove is gradually increased from the far end to the near end of the wood rafter;
the flying rafter is provided with a protrusion, the protrusion is matched with a groove of the wood rafter, and the protrusion is inserted into the groove and used for fixedly connecting the wood rafter and the flying rafter;
the near end of the flying rafter is arranged on the upper side of the wood rafter, and the far end of the flying rafter is suspended out of the far end of the wood rafter;
the groove is provided with a first hemispherical groove, and the first hemispherical grooves are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the middle of the groove respectively;
the protrusions are provided with second hemispherical grooves which are respectively symmetrically arranged at the two sides of the middle of the protrusions;
the first hemispherical groove and the second hemispherical groove form a spherical cavity;
the positioning ball is positioned in the spherical cavity;
the flying rafter grid baffle is provided with a first dovetail joint, the far end of the flying rafter grid baffle is provided with a second dovetail joint matched with the first dovetail joint, and the first dovetail joint is fixedly connected with the second dovetail joint;
the roof boarding cover is arranged on the upper side of the flying rafters, one side of the roof boarding is abutted against the flying rafter grid baffle, and the upper side of the roof boarding is flush with the upper side of the flying rafter grid baffle;
the roof boarding, the flying rafters and the wood rafters are respectively provided with a first connecting hole, a second connecting hole and a third connecting hole;
the connecting piece is a bolt;
the bolt includes: the screw head, the screw and the screw cap;
the hook is hooked at the head of the screw rod and is hooked on a reinforcement cage of the reinforced concrete roof slab and embedded in the reinforced concrete roof slab;
the screw rod sequentially penetrates through the first connecting hole, the second connecting hole and the third connecting hole;
the wood rafter is provided with a counter bore, the counter bore is arranged on one side, away from the fly rafter, of the wood rafter, and the counter bore is coaxial with the third connecting hole;
the screw cap is positioned in the counter bore and is screwed with the screw rod, so that the concrete roof plate, the roof boarding, the fly rafters and the wood rafters are fixedly connected;
the reinforced concrete roof plate cover is arranged on the upper side of the roof plate and is fixedly connected with the reinforced concrete member.
By adopting the mounting structure, the wood rafter can be embedded into the mounting groove, so that the wood rafter and the reinforced concrete member can be firmly combined without being fixedly connected through other components such as long round nails, and the wood rafter is firmly fixed and prevented from loosening.
Optionally, the mounting structure further comprises: a bucket arch pillar;
the bucket arch post includes:
the device comprises a pillar and a bucket arch positioned on the pillar;
the reinforced concrete member is arranged on the upper side of the bucket arch column.
The bucket arch pillar is used as a supporting structure of the concrete member, so that the supporting effect can be achieved, and the whole building can better accord with the style of the ancient Chinese building.
The invention also provides a mounting method of the wood rafters of the archaized building, which comprises the following steps:
s1, providing a wood rafter, a flying rafter grid baffle, a roof boarding, a bolt, a concrete filler, a reinforced concrete member reinforcement cage, a reinforced concrete roof board reinforcement cage, a reinforced concrete member mold, a positioning ball made of an elastic material and a reinforced concrete roof board mold; the far end of the fly rafter is provided with a first dovetail joint, and the fly rafter grid baffle is provided with a second dovetail joint matched with the first dovetail joint; the roof boarding, the flying rafters and the wood rafters are respectively provided with a first connecting hole, a second connecting hole and a third connecting hole; the bolt includes: the screw head, the screw and the screw cap; the device comprises a wood rafter, a wood rafter and a wood rafter, wherein a groove is formed in the far end of the wood rafter, the depth of the groove is gradually increased from the far end to the near end of the wood rafter, a protrusion is arranged on the wood rafter and is matched with the groove of the wood rafter, the protrusion is inserted into the groove and is used for fixedly connecting the wood rafter and the fly rafter, a first hemispherical groove is formed in the groove of the wood rafter, the first hemispherical grooves are symmetrically formed in two sides of the middle of the groove respectively, a second hemispherical groove is formed in the protrusion of the wood rafter and is symmetrically formed in two sides of the middle of the protrusion respectively, and a spherical cavity is formed by the first hemispherical groove and the second hemispherical groove;
s2, inserting the near end of the wood rafter into the mounting groove of the reinforced concrete member reinforcement cage for fixation;
s3, inserting the second dovetail joint of the flying rafter into the second dovetail joint of the flying rafter grid baffle plate to fixedly connect the flying rafter and the flying rafter grid baffle plate;
s4, softening the positioning ball, inserting the protrusion into the groove when the positioning ball is in a softened state, keeping the positioning ball in the spherical cavity, inserting the protrusion of the flying rafter into the groove of the wood rafter, adjusting the position of the flying rafter before the positioning ball is hardened, hooking the head of the screw, hanging the hook on the reinforced concrete roof slab reinforcement cage, sequentially inserting the screw into the first connecting hole, the second connecting hole and the third connecting hole, screwing the screw with the nut in the counter bore, and welding the hook and the reinforced concrete roof slab reinforcement cage together;
s5, covering the reinforced concrete roof slab reinforcement cage on the upper side of the roof slab, and fixedly connecting one end of the connecting piece close to the roof slab and the reinforced concrete member reinforcement cage with the reinforced concrete roof slab reinforcement cage respectively;
s6, installing the reinforced concrete roof slab mold outside the reinforced concrete roof slab reinforcement cage to form a first cavity for pouring the reinforced concrete roof slab; installing the reinforced concrete member mould outside the reinforced concrete member reinforcement cage to form a second cavity for pouring the reinforced concrete member, wherein the first cavity is communicated with the second cavity;
s7, pouring concrete into the first cavity and the second cavity and curing;
s8, dismantling the reinforced concrete roof panel mould and the reinforced concrete member mould.
By adopting the installation method, the near end of the wood rafter is embedded into the installation groove of the concrete member reinforcement cage, and is firmly fixed with the concrete member through concrete pouring and curing, so that the phenomena of looseness and the like are avoided; meanwhile, the wood rafters, the flying rafter grid baffles and the roof boarding are installed before the reinforced concrete members and the reinforced concrete roof slab are poured with concrete, so that the construction difficulty is reduced, and the construction period is shortened.
Based on the scheme, the wood rafters are directly embedded into the reinforced concrete member reinforcement cage, concrete pouring, curing and other procedures are carried out, so that the wood rafters and the reinforced concrete are firmly combined, other parts such as long round nails are not needed for secondary fixing, the possibility of loosening caused by oxidation of the parts is avoided, and due to the fact that the wood rafters, the flying rafter grid baffle plates and the roof boarding are installed, before concrete pouring and curing, the engineering period can be effectively shortened, the construction efficiency can be improved, and the engineering cost can be further reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a mounting structure of a wood rafter according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of an installation structure of a wood rafter and a reinforced concrete member according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a wood rafter, a flying rafter and a roof boarding in the first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of an installation structure of a wood rafter, a flying rafter and a roof boarding in the first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a flying rafter according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a fly rafter grid baffle according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a partially enlarged view of a wood rafter mounting structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of an arch support according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a flowchart of a method for installing a wood rafter of an antique building according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numbers in the figures:
1. a reinforced concrete member; 101. a steel reinforcement cage of a reinforced concrete member; 102. mounting grooves; 103. a reinforced concrete member mold; 104. the reinforcement cage at the connecting part of the reinforcement cage of the reinforced concrete member and the reinforcement cage of the reinforced concrete roof slab; 2. a wooden rafter; 201. a third dovetail joint; 202. a third connection hole; 203. a groove; 204. a counter bore; 3. flying rafters; 301. a second connection hole; 302. a protrusion; 4. a roof boarding; 401. a first connection hole; 5. a fly rafter grid baffle; 501. a first dovetail; 6. a reinforced concrete roof slab; 601. reinforced concrete roof slab reinforcement cages; 7. a bolt; 701. a nut; 702. a screw; 703. a screw head; 8. a bucket arch pillar; 801. a bucket arch; 802. a column.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the indicated orientations and positional relationships based on the drawings for convenience in describing and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the invention.
In the present invention, unless otherwise specifically stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "fixed," and the like are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; the connection can be mechanical connection, electrical connection or communication connection; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with specific examples. The following several specific embodiments may be combined with each other, and details of the same or similar concepts or processes may not be repeated in some embodiments.
Example one
The purpose of this embodiment is to provide a mounting structure of archaize building wood rafter, makes the installation of wood rafter more firm in the concrete structure, shortens the time limit for a project, reduce cost simultaneously.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an installation structure of a wood rafter in a first embodiment of the present invention, fig. 2 is a schematic view of an installation structure of a wood rafter and a reinforced concrete member in a first embodiment of the present invention, fig. 3 is a schematic view of structures of a wood rafter, a flying rafter and a roof boarding in a first embodiment of the present invention, fig. 4 is a schematic view of an installation structure of a wood rafter, a flying rafter and a roof boarding in a first embodiment of the present invention, fig. 5 is a schematic view of a flying rafter in a first embodiment of the present invention, fig. 6 is a schematic view of a flying rafter lattice baffle in a first embodiment of the present invention, fig. 7 is a partially enlarged view of an installation structure of a wood rafter in a first embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 8 is a schematic view of supporting an arch pillar in a first embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the mounting structure of the wood rafter of the archaized building in the embodiment comprises: reinforced concrete member 1, wood rafter 2, flying rafter 3, flying rafter check baffle 5, roof boarding 4, connecting piece and reinforced concrete roof board 6. The end of the wood rafter 2 close to the reinforced concrete member 1 is a near end, and the end far away from the reinforced concrete member 1 is a far end. The end of the wood rafter 2 close to the reinforced concrete member 1 is a near end, and the end far away from the reinforced concrete member 1 is a far end.
As shown in fig. 2, the reinforced concrete member 1 includes a reinforced concrete member reinforcement cage 101 and a mounting groove 102. The near end of the wood rafter 2 is inserted into the mounting groove 102, embedded into the reinforced concrete member 1 and fixedly connected with the reinforced concrete member 1 through concrete.
As shown in fig. 3, the wood rafter 2 is provided with a third connection hole 202, the fly rafter 3 is provided with a second connection hole 301, and the roof boarding 4 is provided with a first connection hole 401. As shown in fig. 1 and 7, the connecting member is preferably a bolt 7. The bolt 7 includes a screw head 703, a screw 702 and a nut 701, and the screw head 703 is hooked and hooked to the reinforcement cage 601 of the reinforced concrete roof panel 6. The other end of the screw 702 of the bolt 7 passes through the first connecting hole 401, the second connecting hole 301 and the third connecting hole 202 in sequence, and plays a role in fixing and connecting the wood rafters 2, the flying rafters 3, the roof boarding 4 and the reinforced concrete roof boarding 6. Preferably, the wood rafter 2 is provided with a counter bore 204 at a position matched with the nut 701, and the nut 701 is positioned in the counter bore 204 after being screwed with the screw, so that the nut 701 can be positioned and protected, and the aesthetic effect of a building can be improved.
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the distal end of the fly rafter 3 is provided with a second dovetail joint 303, and the fly rafter baffle 5 is provided with a first dovetail joint 501. The first dovetail joint 501 of the flying rafter grid baffle 5 is inserted into the second dovetail joint 303 of the flying rafter 3, so that the flying rafter grid baffle 5 is fixedly connected with the flying rafter 3.
As shown in fig. 7, the roof boarding 4 is covered on the upper side of the fly rafters 3, one side of the roof boarding 4 abuts against the fly rafter grid baffle 5, and the upper side of the roof boarding 4 is flush with the upper side of the fly rafter grid baffle 3.
As shown in fig. 2 and 7, the reinforced concrete roof 6 is covered on the roof 4 and connected to the reinforced concrete member 1, and the reinforcement cage at the connection portion between the reinforced concrete roof 6 and the reinforced concrete member 1 is 104.
It can be easily found from the above that the wood rafter 2 can be fixedly connected with the reinforced concrete member 1 by inserting the proximal end into the mounting groove of the reinforced concrete member 1 without using other long round nails or the like for secondary fixing. The mounting structure is simple and firm, and meanwhile, due to the wrapping of the concrete structure, the rot of the wood rafters can be effectively avoided, and the service life of the wood rafters is prolonged.
Optionally, in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the wood rafter 2 is further provided with a third dovetail 201. The third dovetail 201 is embedded into the reinforced concrete member 1, so that the contact area between the reinforced concrete member 1 and the near end of the wood rafter 2 is increased, and the fixing and connecting effect on the wood rafter 2 is further increased.
Optionally, in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 7, the mounting structure of the wood rafter of the archaized building in this embodiment further includes a bucket arch pillar 8. The bucket arch column 8 comprises a bucket arch 801 and a column 802, and the reinforced concrete member 1 is positioned on the upper side of the bucket arch column 8. The bucket arch column 8 plays a role in supporting and fixing the reinforced concrete member 1, and meanwhile, the bucket arch structure is used as a representative structure of the ancient Chinese building, so that the bucket arch structure has rich aesthetic value, and the artistic value of the mounting structure of the wood rafter of the antique building in the embodiment is also increased.
Optionally, in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the wood rafter 2 is provided with a groove 203, and the flying rafter 3 is provided with a protrusion 302. The depth of the groove 203 is gradually increased from the far end to the near end of the wood rafter, and the protrusion 302 is matched with the groove 203 to play a role in limiting, fixing and connecting the wood rafter 2 and the flying rafter 3. The protrusion 302, the groove 203 and the bolt 7 are used together to fixedly connect the roof boarding, the flying rafter and the wood rafter.
In addition, optionally, a first hemispherical groove is arranged in the middle of two sides of the protrusion 302, a second hemispherical groove is arranged in the middle of two sides of the groove 203, and the positioning ball made of elastic material is positioned in a spherical cavity formed by the first hemispherical groove and the second hemispherical groove. The locating ball can be after installing the fly rafter and the wood rafter, if the position of fly rafter and wood rafter need carry out the fine setting, then can play buffering, location and fixed effect.
Example two
The purpose of this embodiment is to provide a method for installing a wooden rafter of an antique building, as shown in fig. 9, including the following steps:
s1, providing a wood rafter, a flying rafter grid baffle, a roof boarding, a connecting piece, a concrete filler, a reinforced concrete member reinforcement cage, a reinforced concrete roof board reinforcement cage, a reinforced concrete member mold and a reinforced concrete roof board mold; the far end of the fly rafter is provided with a first dovetail joint, and the fly rafter grid baffle is provided with a second dovetail joint matched with the first dovetail joint; the roof boarding, the fly rafters and the wood rafters are respectively provided with a first connecting hole, a second connecting hole and a third connecting hole.
In step S1, various components such as wooden rafters, flying rafters and the like during the installation of the wooden rafters of the antique building are provided, and concrete filler and the like are also provided, so that the preparation work is ready. It should be noted that, the position where the fly rafter lattice baffle is matched with the roof boarding is measured, and the fly rafter lattice baffle is perfectly matched with the roof boarding, so that the height of the matched position of the fly rafter lattice baffle is consistent with the thickness of the roof boarding after the fly rafter lattice baffle is installed on the roof boarding.
And S2, inserting the near end of the wood rafter into the mounting groove of the reinforced concrete member reinforcement cage for fixing.
At S2, the proximal end of the wood rafter is inserted into the mounting groove of the reinforcement cage of the reinforced concrete member, and the proximal end of the wood rafter is fixedly connected with the reinforcement of the reinforcement cage, and one possible way of fixedly connecting is to tighten the steel wire.
And S3, inserting the second dovetail joint of the flying rafter into the second dovetail joint of the flying rafter grid baffle plate, so that the flying rafter and the flying rafter grid baffle plate are fixedly connected.
In step S3, the second dovetail block is fitted to the first dovetail block, and the second dovetail block is inserted into the first dovetail block to fixedly connect the second dovetail block to the first dovetail block. One possibility is to apply an adhesive to the mating portion of the second dovetail joint and insert the second dovetail joint into the first dovetail joint, and after the adhesive is cured, the second dovetail joint and the first dovetail joint are fixedly connected more firmly.
S4, sequentially penetrating the connecting piece through the first connecting hole, the second connecting hole and the third connecting hole to fixedly connect the roof boarding, the flying rafters and the wood rafters.
In step S4, one end of the connecting member passes through the roof boarding, the fly rafter and the wood rafter in sequence to fix the roof boarding, the fly rafter and the wood rafter. One possibility is that the connecting element is a screw, the head of the screw is hooked and the nut is screwed.
And S5, covering the reinforced concrete roof slab reinforcement cage on the upper side of the roof slab, and fixedly connecting one end of the connecting piece close to the roof slab and the reinforced concrete member reinforcement cage with the reinforced concrete roof slab reinforcement cage respectively.
In step S5, the reinforced concrete member reinforcement cage is first bound, then the reinforced concrete roof slab reinforcement cage is covered on the upper side of the roof slab and bound, and then the reinforced concrete member reinforcement cage and the reinforced concrete roof slab reinforcement cage are connected together, and the connection part is still bound into the reinforcement cage, so that the reinforced concrete member reinforcement cage and the reinforced concrete roof slab reinforcement cage are fixedly connected.
S6, installing the reinforced concrete roof slab mold outside the reinforced concrete roof slab reinforcement cage to form a first cavity for pouring the reinforced concrete roof slab; and mounting the reinforced concrete member mould outside the reinforced concrete member reinforcement cage to form a second cavity for pouring the reinforced concrete member, wherein the first cavity is communicated with the second cavity.
And S7, pouring concrete into the first cavity and the second cavity and curing.
In steps S6 and S7, the reinforced concrete member reinforcement cage and the reinforced concrete roof slab reinforcement cage are respectively installed by using corresponding molds, the cavities are respectively formed, and the first cavity and the second cavity are formed to be communicated, so that concrete is integrated in the first cavity and the second cavity, and the connection firmness of the reinforced concrete member and the reinforced concrete roof slab is increased.
Secondly, a certain curing time is required after the concrete is poured, and necessary maintenance is carried out according to the property of the concrete in the curing period.
S8, dismantling the reinforced concrete roof panel mould and the reinforced concrete member mould.
In step S8, after the concrete has met the requirements, the relevant mold is removed.
The steps are adopted to realize the installation of the wood rafters, the flying rafter grid baffle, the roof boarding, the connecting piece, the reinforced concrete member and the reinforced concrete roof slab, on one hand, the wood rafters and the reinforced concrete member can be fixedly connected, and the connection of other accessories such as long round nails is avoided being reused, on the other hand, the problems that the wood rafters are difficult to install and unqualified in position in the existing installation mode are also avoided, namely the reinforced concrete member is poured firstly, then the wood rafters are installed, and the caused reinforcing steel bars are deformed and displaced due to the extrusion and construction process of concrete, so that the wood rafters cannot be installed or are installed and deviated and the like are solved. Meanwhile, in the embodiment, the wood rafters and the like are installed before concrete pouring, so that the wood rafters and the like can be installed in advance without waiting for the concrete pouring and curing process, the construction period can be shortened, the project progress is accelerated, and the project efficiency is effectively improved.
Preferably, when the wood rafters and the flying rafters are fixedly connected, in order to increase the matching degree of the wood rafters and the flying rafters and facilitate installation, the following improvements can be adopted: arranging a groove at the far end of the wood rafter, wherein the depth of the groove is gradually increased from the far end to the near end of the wood rafter; and arranging a protrusion at the matching position of the flying rafter, wherein the protrusion is matched with the groove of the wood rafter, and the protrusion is inserted into the groove and is used for fixedly connecting the wood rafter and the flying rafter. Meanwhile, in step S4 in this embodiment, the following steps may be specifically adopted:
s401, inserting the protrusions of the flying rafters into the grooves of the wood rafters;
s402, enabling the connecting piece to sequentially penetrate through the first connecting hole, the second connecting hole and the third connecting hole, and fixedly connecting the flying rafters, the roof boarding and the wood rafters.
Through above-mentioned recess and bellied cooperation, can make wooden rafter more convenient with the installation of flying rafter, and after the installation, because the existence of arch and recess, can make wooden rafter and the position of flying rafter avoid taking place the skew, and then obstruct the deformation that wooden rafter and flying rafter took place, improve the life of the wooden structure in the archaize building.
Preferably, when the wooden rafters and the flying rafters are fixedly connected, in order to enable the position of the flying rafters to be finely adjusted in the installation process, the position of the flying rafters as a whole can meet certain requirements to finely adjust the flying rafters, and meanwhile, the following improvements can be adopted on the basis of the above measures to play a certain positioning role: the middle parts of the two sides of the bulge are provided with a first hemispherical groove, the middle parts of the two sides of the bulge are provided with a second hemispherical groove, and the first hemispherical groove and the second hemispherical groove form a spherical cavity; and then, manufacturing a positioning ball by using an elastic material, and placing the positioning ball in the spherical cavity. And in the aforementioned step S4, the following modifications are made:
s401, softening the positioning ball. The softening temperature and time of the positioning ball are determined according to the material performance.
S402, when the positioning ball is in a softening state, the protrusion is inserted into the groove, and the positioning ball is kept in the spherical cavity. One possible way is to heat and soften one side of the positioning ball, after softening one side of the positioning ball, stick the softened side of the positioning ball in the second hemispherical groove with glue, and heat the flying rafter and the positioning ball together. When the whole body of the ball to be positioned is softened to a certain degree, the fly rafters with the positioning balls are inserted into the wood rafters, and the positioning balls in a softened state are ensured to be positioned in the spherical cavity.
And S403, adjusting the position of the flying rafter before the positioning ball is hardened. After the positioning ball is placed in the spherical cavity, the position of the flying beam is finely adjusted so that the position of the whole flying beam meets certain requirements, and the position is kept until the positioning ball is hardened.
S404, enabling the connecting piece to sequentially penetrate through the first connecting hole, the second connecting hole and the third connecting hole, and fixedly connecting the flying rafters, the roof boarding and the wood rafters.
After the positioning ball is hardened, the positioning function is achieved, the connecting piece can be installed, and the connecting piece sequentially penetrates through corresponding connecting holes of the roof boarding, the flying rafters and the wood rafters to be fixedly connected.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A mounting structure of a wood rafter of an antique building is characterized by comprising a reinforced concrete member, the wood rafter, a flying rafter grid baffle, a roof boarding, a connecting piece, a positioning ball made of an elastic material and a reinforced concrete roof slab;
the reinforced concrete member is provided with a mounting groove, the near end of the wood rafter is provided with a third dovetail joint, and the third dovetail joint is embedded into the mounting groove so that the wood rafter is fixedly connected with the reinforced concrete member;
the far end of the wood rafter is provided with a groove, and the depth of the groove is gradually increased from the far end to the near end of the wood rafter;
the flying rafter is provided with a protrusion, the protrusion is matched with a groove of the wood rafter, and the protrusion is inserted into the groove and used for fixedly connecting the wood rafter and the flying rafter;
the near end of the flying rafter is arranged on the upper side of the wood rafter, and the far end of the flying rafter is suspended out of the far end of the wood rafter;
the groove is provided with a first hemispherical groove, and the first hemispherical grooves are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the middle of the groove respectively;
the protrusions are provided with second hemispherical grooves which are respectively symmetrically arranged at the two sides of the middle of the protrusions;
the first hemispherical groove and the second hemispherical groove form a spherical cavity;
the positioning ball is positioned in the spherical cavity;
the flying rafter grid baffle is provided with a first dovetail joint, the far end of the flying rafter grid baffle is provided with a second dovetail joint matched with the first dovetail joint, and the first dovetail joint is fixedly connected with the second dovetail joint;
the roof boarding cover is arranged on the upper side of the flying rafters, one side of the roof boarding is abutted against the flying rafter grid baffle, and the upper side of the roof boarding is flush with the upper side of the flying rafter grid baffle;
the roof boarding, the flying rafters and the wood rafters are respectively provided with a first connecting hole, a second connecting hole and a third connecting hole;
the connecting piece is a bolt;
the bolt includes: the screw head, the screw and the screw cap;
the hook is hooked at the head of the screw rod and is hooked on a reinforcement cage of the reinforced concrete roof slab and embedded in the reinforced concrete roof slab;
the screw rod sequentially penetrates through the first connecting hole, the second connecting hole and the third connecting hole;
the wood rafter is provided with a counter bore, the counter bore is arranged on one side, away from the fly rafter, of the wood rafter, and the counter bore is coaxial with the third connecting hole;
the screw cap is positioned in the counter bore and is screwed with the screw rod, so that the concrete roof plate, the roof boarding, the fly rafters and the wood rafters are fixedly connected;
the reinforced concrete roof plate cover is arranged on the upper side of the roof plate and is fixedly connected with the reinforced concrete member.
2. The mounting structure according to claim 1, further comprising: a bucket arch pillar;
the bucket arch post includes: the device comprises a pillar and a bucket arch positioned on the pillar;
the reinforced concrete member is arranged on the upper side of the bucket arch column.
3. A method for installing wood rafters of an antique building is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, providing a wood rafter, a flying rafter grid baffle, a roof boarding, a bolt, a concrete filler, a reinforced concrete member reinforcement cage, a reinforced concrete roof board reinforcement cage, a reinforced concrete member mold, a positioning ball made of an elastic material and a reinforced concrete roof board mold; the far end of the fly rafter is provided with a first dovetail joint, and the fly rafter grid baffle is provided with a second dovetail joint matched with the first dovetail joint; the roof boarding, the flying rafters and the wood rafters are respectively provided with a first connecting hole, a second connecting hole and a third connecting hole; the bolt includes: the screw head, the screw and the screw cap; the device comprises a wood rafter, a wood rafter and a wood rafter, wherein a groove is formed in the far end of the wood rafter, the depth of the groove is gradually increased from the far end to the near end of the wood rafter, a protrusion is arranged on the wood rafter and is matched with the groove of the wood rafter, the protrusion is inserted into the groove and is used for fixedly connecting the wood rafter and the fly rafter, a first hemispherical groove is formed in the groove of the wood rafter, the first hemispherical grooves are symmetrically formed in two sides of the middle of the groove respectively, a second hemispherical groove is formed in the protrusion of the wood rafter and is symmetrically formed in two sides of the middle of the protrusion respectively, and a spherical cavity is formed by the first hemispherical groove and the second hemispherical groove;
s2, inserting the near end of the wood rafter into the mounting groove of the reinforced concrete member reinforcement cage for fixation;
s3, inserting the second dovetail joint of the flying rafter into the second dovetail joint of the flying rafter grid baffle plate to fixedly connect the flying rafter and the flying rafter grid baffle plate;
s4, softening the positioning ball, inserting the protrusion into the groove when the positioning ball is in a softened state, keeping the positioning ball in the spherical cavity, inserting the protrusion of the flying rafter into the groove of the wood rafter, adjusting the position of the flying rafter before the positioning ball is hardened, hooking the head of the screw, hanging the hook on the reinforced concrete roof slab reinforcement cage, sequentially inserting the screw into the first connecting hole, the second connecting hole and the third connecting hole, screwing the screw into the nut in the counter bore of the wood rafter, and welding the hook and the reinforced concrete roof slab reinforcement cage together;
s5, covering the reinforced concrete roof slab reinforcement cage on the upper side of the roof slab, and fixedly connecting one end of the bolt close to the roof slab and the reinforced concrete member reinforcement cage with the reinforced concrete roof slab reinforcement cage respectively;
s6, installing the reinforced concrete roof slab mold outside the reinforced concrete roof slab reinforcement cage to form a first cavity for pouring the reinforced concrete roof slab; installing the reinforced concrete member mould outside the reinforced concrete member reinforcement cage to form a second cavity for pouring the reinforced concrete member, wherein the first cavity is communicated with the second cavity;
s7, pouring concrete into the first cavity and the second cavity and curing;
s8, dismantling the reinforced concrete roof panel mould and the reinforced concrete member mould.
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