CN110438801A - 一种织物功能改性剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种织物功能改性剂及其制备方法，由以下重量份的原料制备而成：纳米复合粒子35‑70份、稀土盐15‑30份、硅烷偶联剂8‑15份、聚乙二醇二缩水甘油醚5‑10份、表面活性剂4‑10份、磺化琥珀酸二辛酯钠盐6‑12份、羟乙基纤维素2‑7份、正己烷10‑20份、水15‑25份；其中所述的纳米复合粒子为Ag@TiO2@SiO2纳米复合粒子，所述的稀土盐为硝酸铈或硝酸钇的一种或两种组合。本发明制得的改性剂对面料进行处理后，具有良好的抗菌性和抗紫外性能，因此，本发明制得的功能改性剂在纺织领域具有重要的应用前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于纺织技术领域，具体涉及一种织物功能改性剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
随着人们生活水平的不断提高，人们对纺织品的功能要求越来越多，因此，功能性纺织品在纺织产业中发展势头一直保持上扬。近十年来，我国纺织面料的品种、品质、档次均发生了翻天覆地的变化，一大批新型面料不断涌现，并且面料的品质与质量甚至已趋于国际领先水平。新型面料生产的一个重要的趋势是：纺织面料已不仅仅满足于手感、外观等感官舒适性，更注重功能性的开发。功能性纺织品将进一步向各个领域的面料进行拓展，因此也成为面料功能化发展的重要趋势。
功能性面料的开发在很大程度上依赖于纺织功能性整理剂及整理技术的开发，因此，进一步探索功能改性剂的研发是功能面料开发的主要方向。TiO2作为一种功能性纳米粒子在面料的整理中具有重要的作用，然而为了进一步提高TiO2在织物面料上的作用，有必要对其进行进一步改性。
发明内容
为了解决以上现有技术存在的问题，本发明的目的在于提供一种织物功能改性剂及其制备方法。
为了实现上述目的，本发明提供以下技术方案：
一种织物功能改性剂，由以下重量份的原料制备而成：纳米复合粒子35-70份、稀土盐15-30份、硅烷偶联剂8-15份、聚乙二醇二缩水甘油醚5-10份、表面活性剂4-10份、磺化琥珀酸二辛酯钠盐6-12份、羟乙基纤维素2-7份、正己烷10-20份、水15-25份；
其中所述的纳米复合粒子为Ag@TiO2@SiO2纳米复合粒子，所述的稀土盐为硝酸铈或硝酸钇的一种或两种组合。
优选的，本发明所述的一种织物功能改性剂，由以下重量份的原料制备而成：纳米复合粒子45-60份、稀土盐20-30份、硅烷偶联剂10-15份、聚乙二醇二缩水甘油醚6-9份、表面活性剂5-8份、磺化琥珀酸二辛酯钠盐7-10份、羟乙基纤维素3-6份、正己烷12-18份、水18-23份。
优选的，本发明所述的一种织物功能改性剂，由以下重量份的原料制备而成：纳米复合粒子50份、稀土盐20份、硅烷偶联剂12份、聚乙二醇二缩水甘油醚7份、表面活性剂7份、磺化琥珀酸二辛酯钠盐9份、羟乙基纤维素5份、正己烷15份、水20份。
进一步的，所述的硅烷偶联剂为γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷、γ-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷、苯氨基甲基三乙氧基硅烷或苯氨基甲基三甲氧基硅烷。
进一步的，所述的表面活性剂为质量比为5：（1-3）：（2-5）的十六烷基三甲基溴化铵、亚甲基二萘磺酸钠和辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚。
本发明所述的织物功能改性剂的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）将纳米复合粒子加入水溶液中，在搅拌的条件下加入硅烷偶联剂，将温度缓慢升至40-60℃，搅拌反应40-60min；
（2）向步骤（1）制得的溶液中加入稀土盐和表面活性剂，继续搅拌反应30-60min，制得混合物A；
（3）将混合物A体系的温度调整到50-70℃，在搅拌的条件下依次加入正己烷、聚乙二醇二缩水甘油醚、磺化琥珀酸二辛酯钠盐和羟乙基纤维素，继续搅拌混合1-3h，然后将反应体系降至室温，即制得织物功能改性剂。
进一步的，所述的制备过程中的搅拌转速为300-500r/min。
有益效果：本发明提供了一种织物功能改性剂及其制备方法，该改性剂使用了纳米复合粒子和稀土盐作为功能性原料，纳米复合粒子为Ag@TiO2@SiO2，Ag纳米颗粒可以利用自身的LSPR效应和荧光共振能量转移将TiO2激活，从而显著提高复合材料的光催化效率，同时稀土元素也能够对TiO2光催化性能的激活起到重要的作用。从测试结果得出，本发明制得的改性剂对面料进行处理后，具有良好的抗菌性能，同时面料的抗紫外性能符合GB/T18830的标准，可以作为防紫外线产品进行使用。通过对比例得知，未添加纳米复合粒子的改性剂整理后的面料抗菌性较差，并且抗紫外性能不达标，未添加稀土盐的改性剂整理后的面料在抗菌性和抗紫外性能方面虽显示出较好的效果，但是仍达不到添加这两种原料的改性剂对面料处理的性能，从而说明纳米复合粒子和稀土盐对改性剂性能的提高起到重要的作用。因此，本发明制得的功能改性剂在纺织领域具有重要的应用前景。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例来进一步描述本发明，但实施例仅是范例性的，并不对本发明的范围构成任何限制。本领域技术人员应该理解的是，在不偏离本发明的精神和范围下可以对本发明技术方案的细节和形式进行修改或替换，但这些修改和替换均落入本发明的保护范围内。
实施例1
一种织物功能改性剂，由以下重量份的原料制备而成：纳米复合粒子50份、稀土盐20份、硅烷偶联剂12份、聚乙二醇二缩水甘油醚7份、表面活性剂7份、磺化琥珀酸二辛酯钠盐9份、羟乙基纤维素5份、正己烷15份、水20份；
其中所述的纳米复合粒子为Ag@TiO2@SiO2纳米复合粒子，所述的稀土盐为硝酸铈。
所述的硅烷偶联剂为γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷。
所述的表面活性剂为质量比为5：2：3的十六烷基三甲基溴化铵、亚甲基二萘磺酸钠和辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚。
本发明所述的织物功能改性剂的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）将纳米复合粒子加入水溶液中，在搅拌的条件下加入硅烷偶联剂，将温度缓慢升至50℃，搅拌反应50min；
（2）向步骤（1）制得的溶液中加入稀土盐和表面活性剂，继续搅拌反应45min，制得混合物A；
（3）将混合物A体系的温度调整到60℃，在搅拌的条件下依次加入正己烷、聚乙二醇二缩水甘油醚、磺化琥珀酸二辛酯钠盐和羟乙基纤维素，继续搅拌混合2h，然后将反应体系降至室温，即制得织物功能改性剂。
所述的制备过程中的搅拌转速为400r/min。
实施例2
一种织物功能改性剂，由以下重量份的原料制备而成：纳米复合粒子35份、稀土盐15份、硅烷偶联剂8份、聚乙二醇二缩水甘油醚5份、表面活性剂4份、磺化琥珀酸二辛酯钠盐6份、羟乙基纤维素2份、正己烷10份、水15份；
其中所述的纳米复合粒子为Ag@TiO2@SiO2纳米复合粒子，所述的稀土盐为硝酸钇。
所述的硅烷偶联剂为γ-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷。
所述的表面活性剂为质量比为5：1：2的十六烷基三甲基溴化铵、亚甲基二萘磺酸钠和辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚。
本发明所述的织物功能改性剂的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）将纳米复合粒子加入水溶液中，在搅拌的条件下加入硅烷偶联剂，将温度缓慢升至40℃，搅拌反应40min；
（2）向步骤（1）制得的溶液中加入稀土盐和表面活性剂，继续搅拌反应30min，制得混合物A；
（3）将混合物A体系的温度调整到50℃，在搅拌的条件下依次加入正己烷、聚乙二醇二缩水甘油醚、磺化琥珀酸二辛酯钠盐和羟乙基纤维素，继续搅拌混合1h，然后将反应体系降至室温，即制得织物功能改性剂。
所述的制备过程中的搅拌转速为300r/min。
实施例3
一种织物功能改性剂，由以下重量份的原料制备而成：纳米复合粒子40份、稀土盐20份、硅烷偶联剂10份、聚乙二醇二缩水甘油醚6份、表面活性剂5份、磺化琥珀酸二辛酯钠盐7份、羟乙基纤维素4份、正己烷13份、水18份；
其中所述的纳米复合粒子为Ag@TiO2@SiO2纳米复合粒子，所述的稀土盐为质量比为1：1的硝酸铈和硝酸钇。
所述的硅烷偶联剂为苯氨基甲基三乙氧基硅烷。
所述的表面活性剂为质量比为5：1：3的十六烷基三甲基溴化铵、亚甲基二萘磺酸钠和辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚。
本发明所述的织物功能改性剂的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）将纳米复合粒子加入水溶液中，在搅拌的条件下加入硅烷偶联剂，将温度缓慢升至45℃，搅拌反应45min；
（2）向步骤（1）制得的溶液中加入稀土盐和表面活性剂，继续搅拌反应40min，制得混合物A；
（3）将混合物A体系的温度调整到55℃，在搅拌的条件下依次加入正己烷、聚乙二醇二缩水甘油醚、磺化琥珀酸二辛酯钠盐和羟乙基纤维素，继续搅拌混合1.5h，然后将反应体系降至室温，即制得织物功能改性剂。
所述的制备过程中的搅拌转速为350r/min。
实施例4
一种织物功能改性剂，由以下重量份的原料制备而成：纳米复合粒子70份、稀土盐30份、硅烷偶联剂15份、聚乙二醇二缩水甘油醚10份、表面活性剂10份、磺化琥珀酸二辛酯钠盐12份、羟乙基纤维素7份、正己烷20份、水25份；
其中所述的纳米复合粒子为Ag@TiO2@SiO2纳米复合粒子，所述的稀土盐为硝酸铈。
所述的硅烷偶联剂为苯氨基甲基三甲氧基硅烷。
所述的表面活性剂为质量比为5：3：5的十六烷基三甲基溴化铵、亚甲基二萘磺酸钠和辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚。
本发明所述的织物功能改性剂的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）将纳米复合粒子加入水溶液中，在搅拌的条件下加入硅烷偶联剂，将温度缓慢升至60℃，搅拌反应60min；
（2）向步骤（1）制得的溶液中加入稀土盐和表面活性剂，继续搅拌反应60min，制得混合物A；
（3）将混合物A体系的温度调整到70℃，在搅拌的条件下依次加入正己烷、聚乙二醇二缩水甘油醚、磺化琥珀酸二辛酯钠盐和羟乙基纤维素，继续搅拌混合3h，然后将反应体系降至室温，即制得织物功能改性剂。
所述的制备过程中的搅拌转速为500r/min。
对比例1
对比例1与实施例1的区别在于，对比例1中未添加纳米复合粒子。
对比例2
对比例2与实施例1的区别在于，对比例2中未添加稀土盐。
将实施例1-4以及对比例1-2制得的功能改性剂分别对棉麻织物进行浸渍处理，浴比为1：50，浸渍温度为50℃，浸渍时间为2h，处理完后将棉麻织物取出水洗并晾干。
将不同改性剂处理的面料进行以下性能测试，测试结果如表1所示，从表1中得出，本发明制得的改性剂对面料进行处理后，具有良好的抗菌性能，同时面料的抗紫外性能符合GB/T 18830的标准，可以作为防紫外线产品进行使用。通过对比例得知，未添加纳米复合粒子的改性剂整理后的面料抗菌性较差，并且抗紫外性能不达标，未添加稀土盐的改性剂整理后的面料在抗菌性和抗紫外性能方面虽显示出较好的效果，但是仍达不到实施例1-4制得的改性剂对面料处理的性能，从而说明纳米复合粒子和稀土盐对改性剂性能的提高起到重要的作用。
表1
。
Claims (7)
1.一种织物功能改性剂，其特征在于，由以下重量份的原料制备而成：纳米复合粒子35-70份、稀土盐15-30份、硅烷偶联剂8-15份、聚乙二醇二缩水甘油醚5-10份、表面活性剂4-10份、磺化琥珀酸二辛酯钠盐6-12份、羟乙基纤维素2-7份、正己烷10-20份、水15-25份；
其中所述的纳米复合粒子为Ag@TiO2@SiO2纳米复合粒子，所述的稀土盐为硝酸铈或硝酸钇的一种或两种组合。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种织物功能改性剂，其特征在于，由以下重量份的原料制备而成：纳米复合粒子45-60份、稀土盐20-30份、硅烷偶联剂10-15份、聚乙二醇二缩水甘油醚6-9份、表面活性剂5-8份、磺化琥珀酸二辛酯钠盐7-10份、羟乙基纤维素3-6份、正己烷12-18份、水18-23份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种织物功能改性剂，其特征在于，由以下重量份的原料制备而成：纳米复合粒子50份、稀土盐20份、硅烷偶联剂12份、聚乙二醇二缩水甘油醚7份、表面活性剂7份、磺化琥珀酸二辛酯钠盐9份、羟乙基纤维素5份、正己烷15份、水20份。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种织物功能改性剂，其特征在于，所述的硅烷偶联剂为γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷、γ-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷、苯氨基甲基三乙氧基硅烷或苯氨基甲基三甲氧基硅烷。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种织物功能改性剂，其特征在于，所述的表面活性剂为质量比为5：（1-3）：（2-5）的十六烷基三甲基溴化铵、亚甲基二萘磺酸钠和辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚。
6.权利要求1-5任一项所述的织物功能改性剂的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
（1）将纳米复合粒子加入水溶液中，在搅拌的条件下加入硅烷偶联剂，将温度缓慢升至40-60℃，搅拌反应40-60min；
（2）向步骤（1）制得的溶液中加入稀土盐和表面活性剂，继续搅拌反应30-60min，制得混合物A；
（3）将混合物A体系的温度调整到50-70℃，在搅拌的条件下依次加入正己烷、聚乙二醇二缩水甘油醚、磺化琥珀酸二辛酯钠盐和羟乙基纤维素，继续搅拌混合1-3h，然后将反应体系降至室温，即制得织物功能改性剂。
7.根据权利要求6所述的制备方法，其特征在于，所述的制备过程中的搅拌转速为300-500r/min。
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Application publication date: 20191112 |