CN110429561B - Intelligent protection device for electrical fire - Google Patents
Intelligent protection device for electrical fire Download PDFInfo
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- CN110429561B CN110429561B CN201910799262.1A CN201910799262A CN110429561B CN 110429561 B CN110429561 B CN 110429561B CN 201910799262 A CN201910799262 A CN 201910799262A CN 110429561 B CN110429561 B CN 110429561B
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- capacitive reactance
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current
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Abstract
The invention discloses an intelligent protection device for electrical fire, which comprises: the processor is used for processing the logical comparison of the data collected and returned by each part and controlling the operation of all the central control systems; the capacitive reactance collector is used for collecting current signal data and sending the current signal data back to the processor; the comparator is used for comparing the data value acquired and output by the capacitive reactance acquisition unit with a set data value; a follower; a proportional amplifier; a manipulation mechanism; the operating mechanism is executed. According to the invention, the capacitive reactance collector is used for collecting signals of the load circuit and outputting the signals to the proportional amplifier, the comparator, the processor and the follower for processing and comparison, the collected instantaneous value in the load circuit is compared with the set value to obtain a reaction mechanism, the detection speed is high, the operation mechanism is quickly reacted after detection, the power supply and the load circuit are quickly cut off before short-circuit sparks are generated, the inhibition of the device on the short-circuit sparks is increased, and the safety of device protection is increased.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of safe electricity utilization, in particular to an intelligent protection device for an electrical fire.
Background
When the short circuit occurs, the central temperature of the short circuit can reach above 1300 deg.C (instantaneous) 380V power supply short circuit and can reach above 1800 deg.C, and the spark can ignite paper scraps, wood, cotton, etc. If the short circuit point is not disconnected, the circuit which is continuously broken is subjected to high-temperature melting of an insulating layer on the outer surface of the circuit, so that large electric fire is caused, large current in the circuit can melt metal, and large sparks can ignite all combustible materials to generate fire.
The traditional circuit breaker adopts a coil type electromagnetic tripping device or a bimetallic reed thermal deformation device to carry out short-circuit protection, the biggest defect of the protection device is that the reaction speed is slow, the situation that sparks in short circuit possibly fail along with the time lapse cannot be restrained, and even more, the bimetallic strip can generate thermal stress damage and cannot reset in the process of multiple thermal deformation, so that the protection failure can be generated. There are also many methods for detecting the effective value of current in which a current transformer is added inside an electric power meter to detect the current, and when the current reaches a certain current value, the meter reacts to cut off the power supply to protect the electric power meter.
Therefore, the invention designs an intelligent protection device for electrical fire based on the above situation to solve the defects of slow response, slow action and the like of detection of effective value of passing current
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art and provides an intelligent protection device for an electrical fire.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an electrical fire intelligent protection device comprising:
the processor is used for processing the logical comparison of the data collected and returned by each part and controlling the operation of all the central control systems;
the capacitive reactance collector comprises a pin 1, a pin 2, a pin 3 and a pin 4, wherein the pin 1 and the pin 2 are inductance data collecting ends, the pin 3 and the pin 4 are capacitance data collecting ends, the inductance adopts a high-permeability unsaturated inductance as a two-winding structure, and instantaneous values of voltage and current are collected in real time;
the comparator is used for comparing the data value acquired and output by the capacitive reactance acquisition unit with a set data value to obtain accurate data and sending the accurate data to the processor for processing;
the follower is used for converting the alternating current signal into a pulse signal, and a given following value follows the current collected by the capacitive reactance collector;
the proportional amplifier is used for inverting the phase of the weak current signal acquired by the capacitive reactance acquisition unit, then carrying out reverse proportional amplification, and converting the 50Hz alternating current frequency into 100Hz pulse peak voltage;
a control mechanism for cutting off the output current;
the execution operating mechanism is used for controlling the control mechanism to execute cut-off output operation;
the capacitive reactance collector comprises an input end, an output end and a data acquisition end, the input end of the capacitive reactance collector is connected to the output end of the power supply, and the data acquisition end of the capacitive reactance collector is respectively connected to the proportional amplifier, the comparator, the processor and the follower;
the capacitive reactance collector comprises a pin 1, a pin 2, a pin 3 and a pin 4, wherein the pin 1 and the pin 2 are inductance data collecting ends, the inductance adopts a high-permeability unsaturated inductance as a two-winding structure, current passing through a primary coil of the inductance just induces a secondary winding to obtain induced voltage, the wave pattern of the voltage just corresponds to the wave pattern of the secondary current, the voltage is sent to a proportional amplifier, the pin 3 and the pin 4 are capacitance data collecting ends, voltage signals on a capacitor are collected and sent to a comparator for comparison, due to the characteristic that the voltage of the capacitor cannot be suddenly changed, when a load circuit is in short circuit, the electronic quantity in the capacitor is released above R, the data obtained in the comparator is very low at the moment, until a signal which is lower than a threshold value is sent to a processor for processing to determine that a short circuit condition occurs, and if the load is heavy load, the voltage signal is lower than the threshold value, after the equipment is normally started, the electronic quantity in the capacitor is subjected to current limiting and rising by the resistor R, and the processor regards the signal as a heavy load signal by using the starting delay mechanism;
the processor is respectively electrically connected with the comparator, the follower, the proportional amplifier and the executing operation mechanism, the executing operation mechanism is electrically connected with the control mechanism, the control mechanism is connected with the output end of the capacitive reactance collector, and the control mechanism is connected with a circuit load;
the proportional amplifier comprises an operational amplifier, a resistor R4, a resistor R5, a diode D12, a resistor R142, a capacitor C55 and a resistor R97, wherein the resistor R4 and the resistor R5 are reverse proportional amplifying resistors, the diode D12 is electrically connected with the resistor R142, and the resistor R142 is connected to the processor;
the proportional amplifier inverts the phase of the signal output by the capacitive reactance collector, and then performs reverse proportional amplification through the resistor R4 and the resistor R5, at the moment, the 50Hz alternating current frequency is converted into 100Hz pulse peak voltage, the 100Hz pulse peak voltage is sent to the processor for processing through the diode D12 and the resistor R142, the capacitor C55 and the resistor R97 are primary buffer circuits and are used for performing primary filtering on the signal output by the capacitive reactance collector to the proportional amplifier, and primary delay is established at the same time;
the follower comprises an operational amplifier, a resistor, a capacitor and a diode, the input end and the output end of the follower are connected to the capacitive reactance collector, the output end of the follower is connected to the processor, and the heavy load or short circuit condition is judged by comparing a real-time current slope value generated by the output end of the follower with a set current slope value;
a first-stage buffer circuit in the proportional amplifier outputs the filtered signal to a processor to be compared with a follow-up signal output by a follower to the processor in real time, so that a sudden change voltage value can be obtained, the actually processed sudden change voltage value is output to an execution operating mechanism, and the execution operating mechanism controls the on-off of a power supply and a load through an operation mechanism.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the weak current signal collected by the capacitive reactance collector can be amplified and filtered through the proportional amplifier and then input into the processor, so that the processor can compare the signal with a set value more accurately, and the accuracy of the device is improved.
2. The capacitive reactance collector is connected on a load circuit, when the load circuit is short-circuited, a large current is formed on the capacitive reactance collector, a large current forms a large pressure difference at two ends of the capacitive reactance collector, a pressure difference signal is amplified and input into the processor by the proportional amplifier and is compared with a set value, when the pressure difference signal is larger than the set value, the processor controls the control mechanism to open the external power supply through the execution operating mechanism, the circuit is quickly disconnected, namely the device compares the instantaneous peak value acquired in real time with the set value and cuts off the power supply, the detection response is rapid, and the safety of the device is improved.
3. The short circuit differential pressure signal enables the power supply to be switched off, the capacitive reactance collector generates a large magnetic field due to the inductance and the capacitance, the signal collected by the capacitive reactance collector is input into the comparator to be compared with the threshold value in the processor to obtain a reaction mechanism, if the signal is larger than the set value, the load disconnection mechanism is started, the magnetic field is matched with the control mechanism to disconnect the load before the circuit does not generate sparks, the circuit disconnection speed is high, and sparks are prevented from occurring when the circuit is short-circuited.
In summary, the capacitive reactance collector collects the signal of the load circuit and outputs the signal to the proportional amplifier, the comparator, the processor and the follower for processing and comparison, the collected instantaneous value in the load circuit is compared with the set value to obtain the reaction mechanism, the detection speed is high, the operation mechanism acts quickly after detection, the power supply and the load circuit are quickly cut off before short-circuit sparks are generated, the short-circuit sparks are restrained by the device, and the safety of device protection is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a topological diagram of an intelligent protection device for electrical fire according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of a capacitive reactance collector of an intelligent protection device for electrical fire according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a proportional amplifier circuit of an intelligent protection device for electrical fire according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a follower circuit of an intelligent protection device for electrical fire according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, an intelligent protection device for electrical fire includes:
the processor is used for processing the logical comparison of the data collected and returned by each part and controlling the operation of all the central control systems;
the capacitive reactance collector is used for collecting current signal data and sending the current signal data back to the processor;
the processor comprises a pin 1, a pin 2, a pin 3 and a pin 4, wherein the pin 1 and the pin 2 are inductance data acquisition ends, the pin 3 and the pin 4 are capacitance data acquisition ends, the inductance adopts a high-permeability unsaturated inductance as a two-winding structure, and instantaneous values of voltage and current are acquired in real time;
the capacitive reactance collector is used for collecting current signal data and sending the current signal data back to the processor;
the comparator is used for comparing the data value acquired and output by the capacitive reactance acquisition unit with a set data value to obtain accurate data and sending the accurate data to the processor for processing;
the follower is used for converting the alternating current signal into a pulse signal, and a given following value follows the current collected by the capacitive reactance collector;
the proportional amplifier is used for inverting the phase of the weak current signal acquired by the capacitive reactance acquisition unit, then carrying out reverse proportional amplification, and converting the 50Hz alternating current frequency into 100Hz pulse peak voltage;
a control mechanism for cutting off the output current;
and the execution operating mechanism is used for controlling the control mechanism to execute the cut-off output operation.
The capacitive reactance collector consists of an inductor, a capacitor and a resistor, the capacitive reactance collector comprises an input end, an output end and a data acquisition end, the input end of the capacitive reactance collector is connected to the output end of the power supply, and the data acquisition end of the capacitive reactance collector is respectively connected to the proportional amplifier, the comparator, the processor and the follower;
the capacitive reactance collector comprises a pin 1, a pin 2, a pin 3 and a pin 4, wherein the pin 1 and the pin 2 are inductance data collecting ends, the inductance adopts a high-permeability unsaturated inductance as a two-winding structure, current passing through a primary coil of the inductance just induces a secondary winding to obtain induced voltage, the wave pattern of the voltage just corresponds to the wave pattern of the secondary current, the voltage is sent to a proportional amplifier, the pin 3 and the pin 4 are capacitance data collecting ends, voltage signals on a capacitor are collected and sent to a comparator for comparison, due to the characteristic that the voltage of the capacitor cannot be suddenly changed, when a load circuit is in short circuit, the electronic quantity in the capacitor is released above R, the data obtained in the comparator is very low at the moment, until a signal which is lower than a threshold value is sent to a processor for processing to determine that a short circuit condition occurs, and if the load is heavy load, the voltage signal is lower than the threshold value, after the equipment is normally started, the electronic quantity in the capacitor is subjected to current limiting and rising by the resistor R, and the processor regards the signal as a heavy load signal by the starting delay mechanism.
The processor is electrically connected with the comparator, the follower, the proportional amplifier and the execution operating mechanism respectively, the execution operating mechanism is electrically connected with the control mechanism, the control mechanism is connected with the output end of the capacitive reactance collector, and the control mechanism is connected with a circuit load.
The proportional amplifier comprises an operational amplifier, a resistor R4, a resistor R5, a diode D12, a resistor R142, a capacitor C55 and a resistor R97, wherein the resistor R4 and the resistor R5 are reverse proportional amplifying resistors, the diode D12 is electrically connected with the resistor R142, and the resistor R142 is connected to the processor;
the proportional amplifier inverts the phase of the signal output by the capacitive reactance collector, and then performs reverse proportional amplification through the resistor R4 and the resistor R5, at this time, the 50Hz alternating current frequency is converted into 100Hz pulse peak voltage, the 100Hz pulse peak voltage is sent to the processor for processing through the diode D12 and the resistor R142, the capacitor C55 and the resistor R97 are primary buffer circuits and are used for performing primary filtering on the signal output by the capacitive reactance collector to the proportional amplifier, and primary delay is established at the same time.
The follower consists of an operational amplifier, a resistor, a capacitor and a diode, the follower comprises an input end and an output end, the input end of the follower is connected to the capacitive reactance collector, the output end of the follower is connected to the processor, and the heavy load or short circuit condition is judged by comparing a real-time current slope value generated by the output end of the follower with a set current slope value;
a first-stage buffer circuit in the proportional amplifier outputs the filtered signal to a processor to be compared with a follow-up signal output by a follower to the processor in real time, so that a sudden change voltage value can be obtained, the actually processed sudden change voltage value is output to an execution operating mechanism, and the execution operating mechanism controls the on-off of a power supply and a load through an operation mechanism.
When the capacitive reactance collector is used, when a load is a pure resistance load, after an external current signal enters the device, a processor of the device sets a threshold value, the proportional amplifier amplifies the signal by 10 times to be used as a set value, when equipment works normally, an alternating current signal collected by the capacitive reactance collector is processed into a pulse signal by the proportional amplifier, and at the moment, the capacitive reactance collector outputs a normal current value;
when the current signal is short-circuited, a larger current signal is formed on the capacitive reactance collector, a differential pressure signal is formed at two ends of the capacitive reactance collector, the differential pressure signal collected by the capacitive reactance collector is amplified by the proportional amplifier and then is compared with a set value, when the differential pressure signal exceeds the set value, the control mechanism is disconnected from the external power supply, at the moment, a short-circuit large current forms a magnetic field due to the capacitance and the inductance of the capacitive reactance collector, the capacitive reactance collector sends the collected signal to the comparator and is compared with the threshold value set by the processor to obtain a reaction mechanism, when the signal exceeds the threshold value, the control mechanism acts to disconnect the load before the circuit does not generate sparks, if the load is an inductive load, the output end of the follower generates a slope value which changes along with the change of the current in real time, and when the slope value is too steep to exceed the set value, judging the load circuit to be in a short-circuit state, and disconnecting the power supply, otherwise judging the load circuit to be in a heavy load.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. An electrical fire intelligent protection device comprising:
the processor is used for processing the logical comparison of the data collected and returned by each part and controlling the operation of all the central control systems;
the capacitive reactance collector comprises a pin 1, a pin 2, a pin 3 and a pin 4, wherein the pin 1 and the pin 2 are inductance data collecting ends, the pin 3 and the pin 4 are capacitance data collecting ends, the inductance adopts a high-permeability unsaturated inductance as a two-winding structure, and instantaneous values of voltage and current are collected in real time;
the comparator is used for comparing the data value acquired and output by the capacitive reactance acquisition unit with a set data value to obtain accurate data and sending the accurate data to the processor for processing;
the follower is used for converting the alternating current signal into a pulse signal, and a given following value follows the current collected by the capacitive reactance collector;
the proportional amplifier is used for inverting the phase of the weak current signal acquired by the capacitive reactance acquisition unit, then carrying out reverse proportional amplification, and converting the 50Hz alternating current frequency into 100Hz pulse peak voltage;
a control mechanism for cutting off the output current;
the execution operating mechanism is used for controlling the control mechanism to execute cut-off output operation;
the capacitive reactance collector comprises an input end, an output end and a data acquisition end, the input end of the capacitive reactance collector is connected to the output end of the power supply, and the data acquisition end of the capacitive reactance collector is respectively connected to the proportional amplifier, the comparator, the processor and the follower;
the processor is respectively electrically connected with the comparator, the follower, the proportional amplifier and the executing operation mechanism, the executing operation mechanism is electrically connected with the control mechanism, the control mechanism is connected with the output end of the capacitive reactance collector, and the control mechanism is connected with a circuit load;
the proportional amplifier comprises an operational amplifier, a resistor R4, a resistor R5, a diode D12 and a resistor R142, wherein the resistor R4 and the resistor R5 are reverse proportional amplifying resistors, the diode D12 is electrically connected with the resistor R142, and the resistor R142 is connected to the processor;
the follower is composed of an operational amplifier, a resistor, a capacitor and a diode, the follower comprises an input end and an output end, the input end of the follower is connected to the capacitive reactance collector, the output end of the follower is connected to the processor, and the heavy load or short circuit condition is judged by comparing a real-time current slope value generated by the output end of the follower with a set current slope value.
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| CN201910799262.1A CN110429561B (en) | 2019-08-28 | 2019-08-28 | Intelligent protection device for electrical fire |
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| CN201910799262.1A CN110429561B (en) | 2019-08-28 | 2019-08-28 | Intelligent protection device for electrical fire |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101702506A (en) * | 2009-10-30 | 2010-05-05 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一九研究所 | Method and device for rapidly detecting short-circuit fault of power system |
| CN104682344A (en) * | 2015-03-30 | 2015-06-03 | 威海人合机电股份有限公司 | Electrical circuit fire early-warning protector |
| CN108011348A (en) * | 2017-11-06 | 2018-05-08 | 湖南电铨科技股份有限公司 | Low-voltage intelligent distribution Control protection system and its control guard method |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5982136A (en) * | 1996-01-18 | 1999-11-09 | International Rectifier Corporation | Circuit for sensing current in power trains for motor control |
| US6269011B1 (en) * | 1999-02-14 | 2001-07-31 | Yazaki Corporation | Power supply system having semiconductor active fuse |
| CN101207279B (en) * | 2007-12-20 | 2011-06-15 | 煤炭科学研究总院重庆研究院 | Anti-overstep tripping system |
| CN203787944U (en) * | 2014-04-25 | 2014-08-20 | 西安科技大学 | Short circuit output intrinsic safety Boost converter inductance energy release circuit |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101702506A (en) * | 2009-10-30 | 2010-05-05 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一九研究所 | Method and device for rapidly detecting short-circuit fault of power system |
| CN104682344A (en) * | 2015-03-30 | 2015-06-03 | 威海人合机电股份有限公司 | Electrical circuit fire early-warning protector |
| CN108011348A (en) * | 2017-11-06 | 2018-05-08 | 湖南电铨科技股份有限公司 | Low-voltage intelligent distribution Control protection system and its control guard method |
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