CN110423639B - Multifunctional lubricating oil additive and application thereof - Google Patents

Multifunctional lubricating oil additive and application thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110423639B
CN110423639B CN201910510070.4A CN201910510070A CN110423639B CN 110423639 B CN110423639 B CN 110423639B CN 201910510070 A CN201910510070 A CN 201910510070A CN 110423639 B CN110423639 B CN 110423639B
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lubricating oil
parts
dimethyl
oil additive
ionic liquid
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CN110423639A (en
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徐武警
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GUANGDONG SHUNDE FITLUBE LUBRICATION TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd.
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Guangdong Shunde Fitlube Lubrication Technology Co ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D295/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms
    • C07D295/16—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms acylated on ring nitrogen atoms
    • C07D295/18—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms acylated on ring nitrogen atoms by radicals derived from carboxylic acids, or sulfur or nitrogen analogues thereof
    • C07D295/182—Radicals derived from carboxylic acids
    • C07D295/185—Radicals derived from carboxylic acids from aliphatic carboxylic acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M133/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
    • C10M133/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M133/38—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
    • C10M133/48—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds the ring containing both nitrogen and oxygen
    • C10M133/50—Morpholines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M167/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of a macromolecular compound, a non-macromolecular compound and a compound of unknown or incompletely defined constitution, each of these compounds being essential
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/087—Boron oxides, acids or salts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/04—Ethers; Acetals; Ortho-esters; Ortho-carbonates
    • C10M2207/046—Hydroxy ethers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
    • C10M2209/104—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing two carbon atoms only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
    • C10M2209/108—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups etherified
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M2215/06—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • C10M2215/066—Arylene diamines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/22—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
    • C10M2215/225—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds the rings containing both nitrogen and oxygen
    • C10M2215/226—Morpholines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/28—Amides; Imides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing sulfur-to-oxygen bonds, i.e. sulfones, sulfoxides
    • C10M2219/044—Sulfonic acids, Derivatives thereof, e.g. neutral salts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/04—Detergent property or dispersant property
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/06—Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/10—Inhibition of oxidation, e.g. anti-oxidants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/12—Inhibition of corrosion, e.g. anti-rust agents or anti-corrosives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/40—Low content or no content compositions
    • C10N2030/42—Phosphor free or low phosphor content compositions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/40—Low content or no content compositions
    • C10N2030/43—Sulfur free or low sulfur content compositions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/40—Low content or no content compositions
    • C10N2030/45—Ash-less or low ash content
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/56—Boundary lubrication or thin film lubrication
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/64—Environmental friendly compositions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/72—Extended drain

Abstract

The invention discloses a multifunctional lubricating oil additive, which consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-100 parts of morpholine ionic liquid; 0.8-7.5 parts of a detergent; 1.2-2.6 parts of an antirust agent; 7-16 parts of an antioxidant; and 0.2-3.8 parts of a foam inhibitor. The multifunctional lubricating oil additive is applied to a steel/steel or steel/aluminum friction pair, the friction reducing and wear resisting performances of the lubricating oil additive in the friction pair are obviously improved, the extreme pressure bearing performance of the lubricating oil additive is improved, the loss of the friction pair is small, and the service life is long.

Description

Multifunctional lubricating oil additive and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of additives, in particular to a multifunctional lubricating oil additive and application thereof.
Background
The equipment can not be operated without lubricant additive, and the lubricant can not be operated without lubricant additive, which is the essence of modern high-grade lubricant. Statistically, about 30% of the energy consumption is in friction and 70% of the damaged parts are scrapped by wear. Therefore, it is of great importance to national economy to improve lubrication properties to reduce friction, wear and prevent sintering. The common additives in the lubricating oil mainly comprise an antioxidant, an antiwear agent, a friction modifier (also called oiliness agent), an extreme pressure additive, a detergent, a dispersant, a foam inhibitor, an anti-corrosion antirust agent, a pour point improver, a viscosity index improver and the like according to functions, and are used for improving the tribological performance of base oil, reducing the frictional resistance between friction pairs, reducing the abrasion and the scuffing and finally achieving the purpose of improving the bearing capacity of the lubricating oil under the condition of boundary lubrication.
The existing lubricating oil additive has relatively single function and cannot meet the use requirements under extremely harsh environments. In view of the above, it is highly desirable to develop a lubricating oil additive that can be used in extremely severe environments.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the defects of the prior art, the invention mainly aims to provide a multifunctional lubricating oil additive and application thereof, wherein morpholine ionic liquid and other additives are added into a steel/steel or steel/aluminum friction pair in a composite compatibility manner, so that the friction pair still has good antifriction and antiwear properties and extreme pressure bearing properties under extremely harsh environments, the friction pair has low loss and long service life.
In order to achieve the above purposes, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a multifunctional lubricating oil additive is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight:
50-100 parts of morpholine ionic liquid;
0.8-7.5 parts of a detergent;
1.2-2.6 parts of an antirust agent;
7-16 parts of an antioxidant; and
0.2-3.8 parts of a foam inhibitor.
Preferably, the morpholine ionic liquid has the following structural formula:
Figure BDA0002093150870000021
wherein, Y-Selected from BF4-、PF6-One kind of (1).
Preferably, the preparation method of the morpholine ionic liquid comprises the following steps:
step S1: mixing 2, 2-dimethyl-3-vinyl cyclopropane carbonyl chloride and 2, 6-dimethyl-4- (4-morpholinylmethyl) phenol according to a molar ratio of 1.05: 1-1.2: 1, heating for 1-5 min by microwave radiation, and stirring for 3-10 min to obtain 2, 2-dimethyl-3-vinyl cyclopropane carbonyl-2, 6-dimethyl-4- (4-morpholinylmethyl) phenol chloride;
step S2: reacting the 2, 2-dimethyl-3-vinyl cyclopropanecarbonyl-2, 6-dimethyl-4- (4-morpholinylmethyl) phenol chloride with a compound represented by the general formula M+Y-Mixing the salts according to a molar ratio of 1: 1-1: 1.1, adding the mixed salts into deionized water, stirring the mixture to perform an ion exchange reaction, and separating and purifying the mixture to obtain the morpholine ionic liquid: wherein M is+Selected from Na+、K+And NH4+One of (1); y is-Selected from BF4-、PF6-One kind of (1).
Preferably, the temperature of the ion exchange reaction is
Figure 1
The time is 8-24 h.
Preferably, the separation and purification steps are as follows: 2, 2-dimethyl-3-vinyl cyclopropane carbonyl-2, 6-dimethyl-4- (4-morpholinylmethyl) phenol chloride and compound with general formula M+Y-The mixed solution obtained after the salt is stirred and reacted is extracted by dichloromethane, and then the dichloromethane is used for back extraction until the obtained water phase is saturated AgNO3And titrating the aqueous solution until no precipitate is generated, evaporating and concentrating a dichloromethane extract, and drying in vacuum to obtain the morpholine ionic liquid.
Preferably, the detergent is at least one of polyisobutenyl succinimide, boronated polyisobutenyl succinimide, high molecular weight polyisobutenyl succinimide, and boronated high molecular weight polyisobutenyl succinimide.
Preferably, the antirust agent is at least one of barium sulfonate, calcium sulfonate, amine borate and amine carboxylate.
Preferably, the antioxidant is a hindered phenol antioxidant. The hindered phenol antioxidant is a mixture of 4- (6-methyl-2-morpholinyl) -catechol and 4- (2- (4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl) ethyl) -2, 6-dimethoxy-phenol.
Preferably, the foam inhibitor consists of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether and N- (1-methyl propyl) -1, 4-phenylenediamine.
The components in the multifunctional lubricating oil additive are stirred and mixed uniformly in an ultrasonic-assisted stirring mode.
Correspondingly, the multifunctional lubricating oil additive is applied to a steel/steel or steel/aluminum friction pair, and the addition amount of the multifunctional lubricating oil additive in base oil is 3-5 wt%.
Preferably, the base oil is one of engine lubricating oil, hydraulic oil, gear lubricating oil, turbine lubricating oil and compressor lubricating oil.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the ionic liquid is synthesized by taking 2, 6-dimethyl-4- (4-morpholinylmethyl) phenol as an initial raw material through a two-step method, and the vinyl and carbonyl are introduced into the ionic liquid, so that the interaction between morpholine cations and metal ions is enhanced, and the abrasion resistance and extreme pressure of the ionic liquid are improved; the ionic liquid has tighter intermolecular by introducing a phenol ring into morpholine cations, and is highly dispersed in lubricating oil by reasonable compatibility with other additives, so that the ionic liquid has the effects of oxidation resistance, rust prevention, corrosion prevention and self-cleaning; meanwhile, in the friction process, the additive and the surface of the friction pair are subjected to chemical reaction to generate a nitrogen-containing composite boundary lubricating film, so that the effects of friction reduction and wear resistance are achieved.
The lubricating oil additive does not generate dust particles and harmful substances generated by elements such as sulfur, phosphorus and the like in the using process of the friction pair, and is an environment-friendly functional additive with wide application prospect.
Because the ionic liquid has the excellent characteristics of difficult volatility, strong thermal stability, ionic conductivity and the like, the antifriction and antiwear performances of the lubricating oil additive in a friction pair are obviously improved, and the extreme pressure bearing performance of the lubricating oil additive is improved.
Detailed Description
The following description is presented to disclose the invention so as to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the invention. The preferred embodiments in the following description are given by way of example only, and other obvious variations will occur to those skilled in the art.
Example 1
A multifunctional lubricating oil additive is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight:
50 parts of morpholine ionic liquid;
0.8 part of detergent;
1.2 parts of an antirust agent;
7 parts of an antioxidant; and
0.2 part of foam inhibitor.
The morpholine ionic liquid has the following structural formula:
Figure BDA0002093150870000041
wherein, Y-Selected from BF4-。
The preparation method of the morpholine ionic liquid comprises the following steps:
step S1: mixing 2, 2-dimethyl-3-vinyl cyclopropane carbonyl chloride and 2, 6-dimethyl-4- (4-morpholinylmethyl) phenol according to a molar ratio of 1.05:1, heating for 1min by microwave radiation, and stirring for 3min to obtain 2, 2-dimethyl-3-vinyl cyclopropane carbonyl-2, 6-dimethyl-4- (4-morpholinylmethyl) phenol chloride;
step S2: reacting the 2, 2-dimethyl-3-vinyl cyclopropanecarbonyl-2, 6-dimethyl-4- (4-morpholinylmethyl) phenol chloride with a compound represented by the general formula M+Y-Mixing the salts according to a molar ratio of 1:1.1, adding the mixed salts into deionized water, stirring the mixture to perform an ion exchange reaction, and separating and purifying the mixture to obtain the morpholine ionic liquid: wherein M is+Selected from Na+；Y-Selected from BF4-。
The temperature of the ion exchange reaction is
Figure 2
The time is 8 h.
The separation and purification steps are as follows: 2, 2-dimethyl-3-vinyl cyclopropane carbonyl-2, 6-dimethyl-4- (4-morpholinylmethyl) phenol chloride and compound with general formula M+Y-The mixed solution obtained after the salt is stirred and reacted is extracted by dichloromethane, and then the dichloromethane is used for back extraction until the obtained water phase is saturated AgNO3And titrating the aqueous solution until no precipitate is generated, evaporating and concentrating a dichloromethane extract, and drying in vacuum to obtain the morpholine ionic liquid.
The detergent is polyisobutenyl succinimide.
The antirust agent is barium sulfonate.
The antioxidant is hindered phenol antioxidant. The hindered phenol antioxidant is a mixture of 4- (6-methyl-2-morpholinyl) -catechol and 4- (2- (4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl) ethyl) -2, 6-dimethoxy-phenol, and the mass ratio of the two is 1:1.
the foam inhibitor is composed of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether and N- (1-methylpropyl) -1, 4-phenylenediamine, and the mass ratio of the fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether to the N- (1-methylpropyl) -1, 4-phenylenediamine is 5: 1.
correspondingly, the multifunctional lubricating oil additive is uniformly mixed and then applied to a steel/steel friction pair, and the addition amount of the multifunctional lubricating oil additive in the base oil is 3 wt%.
Example 2
A multifunctional lubricating oil additive is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight:
80 parts of morpholine ionic liquid;
3.5 parts of detergent;
1.8 parts of an antirust agent;
12 parts of an antioxidant; and
1.6 parts of foam inhibitor.
Preferably, the morpholine ionic liquid has the following structural formula:
Figure BDA0002093150870000051
wherein, Y-Selected from PF6-。
The preparation method of the morpholine ionic liquid comprises the following steps:
step S1: mixing 2, 2-dimethyl-3-vinyl cyclopropane carbonyl chloride and 2, 6-dimethyl-4- (4-morpholinylmethyl) phenol according to a molar ratio of 1.1:1, heating for 3min by microwave radiation, and stirring for 8min to obtain 2, 2-dimethyl-3-vinyl cyclopropane carbonyl-2, 6-dimethyl-4- (4-morpholinylmethyl) phenol chloride;
step S2: reacting the 2, 2-dimethyl-3-vinyl cyclopropanecarbonyl-2, 6-dimethyl-4- (4-morpholinylmethyl) phenol chloride with a compound represented by the general formula M+Y-Mixing the salts according to a molar ratio of 1:1.05, adding the mixed salts into deionized water, stirring the mixture to perform an ion exchange reaction, and separating and purifying the mixture to obtain the morpholine ionic liquid: wherein M is+Is selected from K+；Y-Selected from PF6-。
The temperature of the ion exchange reaction is
Figure 3
The time is 12 h.
The separation and purification steps are as follows: 2, 2-dimethyl-3-vinyl cyclopropane carbonyl-2, 6-dimethyl-4- (4-morpholinylmethyl) phenol chloride and compound with general formula M+Y-The mixed solution obtained after the salt is stirred and reacted is extracted by dichloromethane, and then the dichloromethane is used for back extraction until the obtained water phase is saturated AgNO3And titrating the aqueous solution until no precipitate is generated, evaporating and concentrating a dichloromethane extract, and drying in vacuum to obtain the morpholine ionic liquid.
The detergent is boronized polyisobutenyl succinimide.
The antirust agent is calcium sulfonate.
The antioxidant is hindered phenol antioxidant. The hindered phenol antioxidant is a mixture of 4- (6-methyl-2-morpholinyl) -catechol and 4- (2- (4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl) ethyl) -2, 6-dimethoxy-phenol, and the mass ratio of the two is 1.2: 1.
preferably, the foam inhibitor consists of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether and N- (1-methylpropyl) -1, 4-phenylenediamine, and the mass ratio of the fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether to the N- (1-methylpropyl) -1, 4-phenylenediamine is 3.5: 1.
correspondingly, the multifunctional lubricating oil additive is uniformly mixed and then applied to a steel/aluminum friction pair, and the addition amount of the multifunctional lubricating oil additive in the base oil is 4 wt%.
Example 3
A multifunctional lubricating oil additive is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight:
100 parts of morpholine ionic liquid;
7.5 parts of detergent;
2.6 parts of an antirust agent;
16 parts of an antioxidant; and
and 3.8 parts of a foam inhibitor.
Preferably, the morpholine ionic liquid has the following structural formula:
Figure BDA0002093150870000071
wherein, Y-Selected from BF4-。
The preparation method of the morpholine ionic liquid comprises the following steps:
step S1: mixing 2, 2-dimethyl-3-vinyl cyclopropane carbonyl chloride and 2, 6-dimethyl-4- (4-morpholinylmethyl) phenol according to a molar ratio of 1.2:1, heating for 5min by microwave radiation, and stirring for 10min to obtain 2, 2-dimethyl-3-vinyl cyclopropane carbonyl-2, 6-dimethyl-4- (4-morpholinylmethyl) phenol chloride;
step S2: reacting the 2, 2-dimethyl-3-vinyl cyclopropanecarbonyl-2, 6-dimethyl-4- (4-morpholinylmethyl) phenol chloride with a compound represented by the general formula M+Y-Mixing the salts according to a molar ratio of 1:1.1, adding the mixed salts into deionized water, stirring the mixture to perform an ion exchange reaction, and separating and purifying the mixture to obtain the morpholine ionic liquid: wherein M is+Is selected from NH4+；Y-Selected from BF4-。
The temperature of the ion exchange reaction is
Figure 4
The time is 24 h.
The separation and purification steps are as follows: 2, 2-dimethyl-3-vinyl cyclopropane carbonyl-2, 6-dimethyl-4- (4-morpholinylmethyl) phenol chloride and compound with general formula M+Y-The salt is obtained after stirring reactionThe mixture was extracted with dichloromethane and then back-extracted with deionized water until the resulting aqueous phase was saturated with AgNO3And titrating the aqueous solution until no precipitate is generated, evaporating and concentrating a dichloromethane extract, and drying in vacuum to obtain the morpholine ionic liquid.
The detergent is high molecular weight polyisobutenyl succinimide.
The antirust agent is amine borate.
The antioxidant is hindered phenol antioxidant. The hindered phenol antioxidant is a mixture of 4- (6-methyl-2-morpholinyl) -catechol and 4- (2- (4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl) ethyl) -2, 6-dimethoxy-phenol, and the mass ratio of the hindered phenol antioxidant to the hindered phenol antioxidant is 1.3: 1.
The foam inhibitor consists of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether and N- (1-methylpropyl) -1, 4-phenylenediamine, wherein the mass ratio of the fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether to the N- (1-methylpropyl) -1, 4-phenylenediamine is 2.8: 1.
correspondingly, the multifunctional lubricating oil additive is uniformly mixed and then applied to a steel/steel friction pair, and the addition amount of the multifunctional lubricating oil additive in the base oil is 5 wt%.
Example 4
The formula composition and the preparation method of the multifunctional lubricating oil additive are basically similar to those of the multifunctional lubricating oil additive in the embodiment 1, and the main difference is that the additive is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 66 parts of morpholine ionic liquid; 6.8 parts of a detergent; 2.1 parts of an antirust agent; 8 parts of an antioxidant; and 1.8 parts of a foam inhibitor. The detergent is boronized high molecular weight polyisobutenyl succinimide.
Correspondingly, the multifunctional lubricating oil additive is uniformly mixed and then applied to a steel/steel friction pair, and the addition amount of the multifunctional lubricating oil additive in the base oil is 3.5 wt%.
Example 5
The formula composition and the preparation method of the multifunctional lubricating oil additive are basically similar to those of the multifunctional lubricating oil additive in the embodiment 1, and the main difference is that the additive is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 88 parts of morpholine ionic liquid; 3.5 parts of detergent; 1.6 parts of an antirust agent; 13 parts of an antioxidant; and 3.2 parts of a foam inhibitor. The detergent is borated polyisobutenyl succinimide, and the antirust agent is carboxylic acid amine.
Correspondingly, the multifunctional lubricating oil additive is uniformly mixed and then applied to a steel/steel friction pair, and the addition amount of the multifunctional lubricating oil additive in the base oil is 4.8 wt%.
Adding the prepared lubricating oil additive into base oil, wherein the base oil is commercially available gear lubricating oil; and base oil without lubricant additive was used as comparative example. And (3) evaluating the antifriction and antiwear performances by adopting an MFT-R4000 high-speed repeated friction and wear testing machine, wherein the bearing capacity of the test is 100N. The tester uses ball-and-socket contact. The experimental conditions were as follows: under the condition of room temperature, the frequency is 5Hz, the stroke length is 5mm, and the test time is 30 min. The experimental steel ball is AISI52100 steel, the diameter of the steel ball is 5mm, and the hardness is 7.05-7.57 GPa. The base plates were AISI52100 steel, Al2024, respectively, and were 24mm by 7.8mm in size, and the test blocks were polished before the experiment to have a surface roughness of 0.05. mu.m.
The extreme pressure performance of the prepared lubricating oil additive is actually measured by adopting a four-ball friction wear testing machine.
The polished copper flakes are placed in a base oil to which the additives are added and measured according to GB/T5096-85
Figure 5
And (3) comparing the corrosion resistance grade under the condition with a standard corrosion color plate after being washed by petroleum ether, and determining the corrosion grade according to the color of the copper sheet.
The multifunctional lubricating oil additives prepared in examples 1 to 5 were subjected to performance tests, and the performance results are shown in Table 1:
TABLE 1
Coefficient of friction Width of wear scar, um Extreme pressure Properties, PB(N) Corrosion grade
Example 1 0.139 291 526 1a
Example 2 0.147 287 518 1a
Example 3 0.142 293 521 1a
Example 4 0.136 291 523 1a
Example 5 0.148 286 524 1a
Comparative example 0.172 318 306 1b
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims (6)

1. A multifunctional lubricating oil additive is characterized in that: the additive is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
50-100 parts of morpholine ionic liquid,
0.8 to 7.5 portions of detergent,
1.2 to 2.6 parts of an antirust agent,
7 to 16 parts of an antioxidant, and
0.2-3.8 parts of a foam inhibitor, wherein the morpholine ionic liquid has the following structural formula:
Figure 873403DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
wherein, Y-Is selected from
Figure 609278DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
、
Figure 919430DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
The preparation method of the morpholine ionic liquid comprises the following steps:
step S1: mixing 2, 2-dimethyl-3-vinyl cyclopropane carbonyl chloride and 2, 6-dimethyl-4- (4-morpholinylmethyl) phenol according to a molar ratio of 1.05: 1-1.2: 1, heating for 1-5 min by microwave radiation, and stirring for 3-10 min to obtain 2, 2-dimethyl-3-vinyl cyclopropane carbonyl-2, 6-dimethyl-4- (4-morpholinylmethyl) phenol chloride;
step S2: reacting the 2, 2-dimethyl-3-vinyl cyclopropanecarbonyl-2, 6-dimethyl-4- (4-morpholinylmethyl) phenol chloride with a compound represented by the general formula M+Y-Mixing the salts according to a molar ratio of 1: 1-1: 1.1, adding the mixed salts into deionized water, stirring the mixture to perform an ion exchange reaction, and separating and purifying the mixture to obtain the morpholine ionic liquid: wherein M is+Selected from Na+、K+And
Figure 57151DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
one of (1); y is-Is selected from
Figure 643990DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
、
Figure 867161DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
The temperature of the ion exchange reaction is 15-30 ℃, the time is 8-24 h, and the separation and purification steps are as follows: 2, 2-dimethyl-3-vinyl cyclopropane carbonyl-2, 6-dimethyl-4- (4-morpholinylmethyl) phenol chloride and compound with general formula M+Y-The mixed solution obtained after the salt is stirred and reacted is extracted by dichloromethane, and then the dichloromethane is used for back extraction until the obtained water phase is saturated AgNO3And titrating the aqueous solution until no precipitate is generated, evaporating and concentrating a dichloromethane extract, and drying in vacuum to obtain the morpholine ionic liquid.
2. The multifunctional lubricating oil additive of claim 1 wherein the detergent is at least one of a high molecular weight polyisobutenyl succinimide, a borated high molecular weight polyisobutenyl succinimide.
3. The multifunctional lubricant additive according to claim 1 wherein the rust inhibitor is at least one of barium sulfonate, calcium sulfonate, amine borate, and amine carboxylate.
4. The multifunctional lubricant additive of claim 1 wherein the antioxidant is a hindered phenolic antioxidant, and the hindered phenolic antioxidant is a mixture of 4- (6-methyl-2-morpholino) -catechol and 4- (2- (4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl) ethyl) -2, 6-dimethoxy-phenol.
5. The multifunctional lubricating oil additive of claim 1 wherein the foam inhibitor is comprised of a fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and N- (1-methylpropyl) -1, 4-phenylenediamine.
6. The use of the multifunctional lubricating oil additive according to any one of claims 1 to 5 in steel/steel or steel/aluminum friction pairs, wherein the multifunctional lubricating oil additive is added in an amount of 3 to 5wt% in the base oil.
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