CN110421327A - A kind of processing technology of large scale high-accuracy aluminum alloy shaped piece - Google Patents
A kind of processing technology of large scale high-accuracy aluminum alloy shaped piece Download PDFInfo
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- CN110421327A CN110421327A CN201811579481.0A CN201811579481A CN110421327A CN 110421327 A CN110421327 A CN 110421327A CN 201811579481 A CN201811579481 A CN 201811579481A CN 110421327 A CN110421327 A CN 110421327A
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- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
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Abstract
The present invention relates to field of aerospace technology, a kind of processing technology of large scale high-accuracy aluminum alloy shaped piece is disclosed, achievees the purpose that solve that large-sized aluminium alloy heteromorpha part work in-process is easily-deformable, geometric tolerance is not easy the problems such as precision is low after guaranteeing, assembling.The present invention is by using timeliness-cold treatment-timeliness-cold treatment alternative expression destressing twice mode, which can completely remove residual stress, guarantee the stability of following process, and stabilization processes are just taken after each big surplus processes, how many roughing, how many a ageing treatments are just taken below, to guarantee the presence without cutting stress after timeliness, the phenomenon that making entire large size special-shaped aluminium alloy be not susceptible to deformation in processing, and then improve passing rate of processing, increase processing precision, External Shape precision finally ensure that using slow wire feeding, it avoids generating stress, guarantee that geometric tolerance is qualified, precision after improving assembly.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of aerospace technology, specially a kind of processing work of large scale high-accuracy aluminum alloy shaped piece
Process.
Background technique
Aluminium alloy is most widely used one kind non-ferrous metal structural material in industry, in Aeronautics and Astronautics, automobile, machinery
It has been widely applied in manufacture, ship and chemical industry.The rapid development of industrial economy, the demand day to aluminum alloy piping welding structural member
Benefit increases, and the Research on Weldability enabled aluminum alloy to is also goed deep into therewith, and aluminium alloy is using most alloys, aluminium alloy density at present
It is low, but intensity is relatively high, and near or above high-quality steel, plasticity is good, can be processed into various profiles, has excellent electric conductivity, leads
Hot and corrosion stability, is industrially widely used, and usage amount is only second to steel.Some aluminium alloys can be obtained good using heat treatment
Mechanical performance, physical property and corrosion resistance.
It is always the processing difficulties of machinery industry for large-sized aluminium alloy shaped piece machining deformation, main problem is aluminium
Stress is concentrated after cutting output is excessive when alloy part is processed, and is easily deformed, stress-relieving by beat treatment is not thorough, and is caused again
There are stress concentration phenomenons in processing, not can guarantee following process dimensional accuracy.Common machining process be it is general milling or
It is processed on numerical control machining center, substantially route are as follows: rough turn-to rough mill-- half finish-milling of stabilization processes-finish-milling.Traditional aluminium alloy class
Part stabilization processes are generally destressing at 130 DEG C~140 DEG C, and stress removal has been not thorough remnants, therefore existing technology
It is difficult to ensure assembly precision, and not in place to piece surface protection, causes scrappage very high.Such problems is that part adds
Stress release is easy in work causes deformation serious, leads to the reduction of following process precision, geometric tolerance is undesirable, especially
The assembly having higher requirements is difficult to realize, not in place for part processing positioning in machine tool processing, leads to stress in processing
Concentrate, cutting force is uneven, the special-shaped part of example as shown in figure 1, size substantially 280*100*80, to the flatness of part and
Position degree is more demanding, and dimensional tolerance is below 0.05.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of processing technology of large scale high-accuracy aluminum alloy shaped piece, reach
Solve that large-sized aluminium alloy heteromorpha part work in-process is easily-deformable, geometric tolerance is not easy that precision after guaranteeing, assembling is low etc. to ask
The purpose of topic.
The invention provides the following technical scheme: a kind of processing technology of large scale high-accuracy aluminum alloy shaped piece, packet
Include following steps:
1) it rough mills, removes most of blank allowance
1. the allotype aluminum alloy workpiece in Fig. 1 is placed on milling machine, fastening position is carried out using fraise jig；
2. carrying out rough milling processing, machine spindle speed n to allotype aluminum alloy workpiece using milling cutter are as follows:Take n=200r/min, practical Milling Speed V ' are as follows:
2) stabilization processes
Stabilization processes are by the way of timeliness-cold treatment-timeliness-cold treatment alternative expression destressing twice, aging temp
It is 130 DEG C~140 DEG C, keeps the temperature 3 hours, cold treatment temperature is -50~-80 DEG C；
3) half finish-milling controls finish-milling surplus
Allotype aluminum alloy workpiece Jing Guo stabilization processes is placed on milling machine, it is carried out at half finish-milling using milling cutter
Reason；
4) stabilization processes
Stabilization processes are carried out using 2 same processes of above-mentioned steps, aging temp is 130 DEG C~150 DEG C, 5 hours are kept the temperature,
Cold treatment temperature is -50~-80 DEG C；
5) finish-milling completes the control of final size and the finish on surface
Allotype aluminum alloy workpiece is carried out using milling cutter to rough mill processing, removes most of blank allowance, machine spindle speed n
Are as follows:Take n=300r/min, practical Milling Speed V ' are as follows:
6) stabilization processes
Stabilization processes are carried out using 2 same processes of above-mentioned steps, aging temp is 100 DEG C~140 DEG C, 2 hours are kept the temperature,
Cold treatment temperature is -50~-80 DEG C；
7) slow wire feeding
The extra heel on allotype aluminum alloy workpiece is cut off using slow wire feeding machine, the workpiece that slow wire feeding machine is processed
Surface roughness can be usually reached Ra=0.8 μm or more, deviation from circular from, straight line error and the scale error essence of wire machine of waiting a moment
Accuracy is high.
Preferably, the finish-milling in the step 5 after processing is completed, should carry out again primary sky and walk milling cutter.
Preferably, the stabilization processes in the step 2, soaking time range are 2-20 hours.
Preferably, the stabilization processes in the step 2, aging range are 100 DEG C~150 DEG C.
Preferably, the stabilization processes in the step 2, the liquid water that hardening media is 30 DEG C~50 DEG C.
Preferably, the allotype aluminum alloy workpiece is as using by the way of stacking and heating, and soaking time should extend 5~
10min。
The present invention provides a kind of processing technology of large scale high-accuracy aluminum alloy shaped piece.Have following beneficial to effect
Fruit:
(1), the present invention is by using timeliness-cold treatment-timeliness-cold treatment alternative expression destressing twice mode, the party
Formula can completely remove residual stress, guarantee the stability of following process, and just take surely after each big surplus processes
Determining processing, how many roughing, behind just take how many a ageing treatments, thus depositing without cutting stress after guaranteeing timeliness
Make the phenomenon that entirely large size special-shaped aluminium alloy is not susceptible to deformation in processing, and then improve passing rate of processing, is increasing and add
Work precision.
(2), the stabilization of size when the present invention can guarantee to process every time by this kind of processing method, the deformation of part is small,
But it needs simultaneously to the part to guarantee that part will not move in spatial position when processing there are corresponding process area in roughing
It is dynamic, External Shape precision finally ensure that using slow wire feeding, avoid generating stress, guarantee that geometric tolerance is qualified, after improving assembly
Precision.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the laboratory sample structure chart of allotype aluminum alloy of the present invention processing；
Fig. 2 is the step flow chart of processing method of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention, technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely retouched
It states, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the present invention
In embodiment, every other implementation obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts
Example, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in Figs. 1-2, the present invention provides a kind of technical solution: a kind of processing of large scale high-accuracy aluminum alloy shaped piece
Process, comprising the following steps:
1) it rough mills, removes most of blank allowance
1. the allotype aluminum alloy workpiece in Fig. 1 is placed on milling machine, fastening position is carried out using fraise jig；
2. carrying out rough milling processing, machine spindle speed n to allotype aluminum alloy workpiece using milling cutter are as follows:Practical Milling Speed V ' are as follows:
2) stabilization processes
Stabilization processes are by the way of timeliness-cold treatment-timeliness-cold treatment alternative expression destressing twice, aging temp
It is 130 DEG C~140 DEG C, keeps the temperature 3 hours, cold treatment temperature is -50~-80 DEG C；
3) half finish-milling controls finish-milling surplus
Allotype aluminum alloy workpiece Jing Guo stabilization processes is placed on milling machine, it is carried out at half finish-milling using milling cutter
Reason；
4) stabilization processes
Stabilization processes are carried out using 2 same processes of above-mentioned steps, aging temp is 130 DEG C~150 DEG C, 5 hours are kept the temperature,
Cold treatment temperature is -50~-80 DEG C；
5) finish-milling completes the control of final size and the finish on surface
Allotype aluminum alloy workpiece is carried out using milling cutter to rough mill processing, removes most of blank allowance, machine spindle speed n
Are as follows:Take n=300r/min, practical Milling Speed V ' are as follows:
6) stabilization processes
Stabilization processes are carried out using 2 same processes of above-mentioned steps, aging temp is 100 DEG C~140 DEG C, 2 hours are kept the temperature,
Cold treatment temperature is -50~-80 DEG C；
7) slow wire feeding
The extra heel on allotype aluminum alloy workpiece is cut off using slow wire feeding machine, the workpiece that slow wire feeding machine is processed
Surface roughness can be usually reached Ra=0.8 μm or more, deviation from circular from, straight line error and the scale error essence of wire machine of waiting a moment
Accuracy is high.
Embodiment one
Finish-milling in step 5 after processing is completed, should carry out again primary sky and walk milling cutter
A kind of processing technology of large scale high-accuracy aluminum alloy shaped piece, comprising the following steps:
1) it rough mills, removes most of blank allowance
1. the allotype aluminum alloy workpiece in Fig. 1 is placed on milling machine, fastening position is carried out using fraise jig；
2. carrying out rough milling processing, machine spindle speed n to allotype aluminum alloy workpiece using milling cutter are as follows:Practical Milling Speed V ' are as follows:
2) stabilization processes
Stabilization processes are by the way of timeliness-cold treatment-timeliness-cold treatment alternative expression destressing twice, aging temp
It is 130 DEG C~140 DEG C, keeps the temperature 3 hours, cold treatment temperature is -50~-80 DEG C；
3) half finish-milling controls finish-milling surplus
Allotype aluminum alloy workpiece Jing Guo stabilization processes is placed on milling machine, it is carried out at half finish-milling using milling cutter
Reason；
4) stabilization processes
Stabilization processes are carried out using 2 same processes of above-mentioned steps, aging temp is 130 DEG C~150 DEG C, 5 hours are kept the temperature,
Cold treatment temperature is -50~-80 DEG C；
5) finish-milling completes the control of final size and the finish on surface
Allotype aluminum alloy workpiece is carried out using milling cutter to rough mill processing, removes most of blank allowance, machine spindle speed n
Are as follows:Take n=300r/min, practical Milling Speed V ' are as follows:
6) stabilization processes
Stabilization processes are carried out using 2 same processes of above-mentioned steps, aging temp is 100 DEG C~140 DEG C,
Heat preservation 2 hours, cold treatment temperature are -50~-80 DEG C；
7) slow wire feeding
The extra heel on allotype aluminum alloy workpiece is cut off using slow wire feeding machine, the workpiece that slow wire feeding machine is processed
Surface roughness can be usually reached Ra=0.8 μm or more, deviation from circular from, straight line error and the scale error essence of wire machine of waiting a moment
Accuracy is high.
Embodiment two
Stabilization processes in step 2, soaking time range are 2-20 hours
A kind of processing technology of large scale high-accuracy aluminum alloy shaped piece, comprising the following steps:
1) it rough mills, removes most of blank allowance
1. the allotype aluminum alloy workpiece in Fig. 1 is placed on milling machine, fastening position is carried out using fraise jig；
2. carrying out rough milling processing, machine spindle speed n to allotype aluminum alloy workpiece using milling cutter are as follows:Practical Milling Speed V ' are as follows:
2) stabilization processes
Stabilization processes are by the way of timeliness-cold treatment-timeliness-cold treatment alternative expression destressing twice, aging temp
It is 130 DEG C~140 DEG C, keeps the temperature 3 hours, cold treatment temperature is -50~-80 DEG C；
3) half finish-milling controls finish-milling surplus
Allotype aluminum alloy workpiece Jing Guo stabilization processes is placed on milling machine, it is carried out at half finish-milling using milling cutter
Reason；
4) stabilization processes
Stabilization processes are carried out using 2 same processes of above-mentioned steps, aging temp is 130 DEG C~150 DEG C, 5 hours are kept the temperature,
Cold treatment temperature is -50~-80 DEG C；
5) finish-milling completes the control of final size and the finish on surface
Allotype aluminum alloy workpiece is carried out using milling cutter to rough mill processing, removes most of blank allowance, machine spindle speed n
Are as follows:Take n=300r/min, practical Milling Speed V ' are as follows:
6) stabilization processes
Stabilization processes are carried out using 2 same processes of above-mentioned steps, aging temp is 100 DEG C~140 DEG C, 2 hours are kept the temperature,
Cold treatment temperature is -50~-80 DEG C；
7) slow wire feeding
The extra heel on allotype aluminum alloy workpiece is cut off using slow wire feeding machine, the workpiece that slow wire feeding machine is processed
Surface roughness can be usually reached Ra=0.8 μm or more, deviation from circular from, straight line error and the scale error essence of wire machine of waiting a moment
Accuracy is high.
Embodiment three
Stabilization processes in step 2, aging range are 100 DEG C~150 DEG C
A kind of processing technology of large scale high-accuracy aluminum alloy shaped piece, comprising the following steps:
1) it rough mills, removes most of blank allowance
1. the allotype aluminum alloy workpiece in Fig. 1 is placed on milling machine, fastening position is carried out using fraise jig；
2. carrying out rough milling processing, machine spindle speed n to allotype aluminum alloy workpiece using milling cutter are as follows:Take n=200r/min, practical Milling Speed V ' are as follows:
2) stabilization processes
Stabilization processes are by the way of timeliness-cold treatment-timeliness-cold treatment alternative expression destressing twice, aging temp
It is 130 DEG C~140 DEG C, keeps the temperature 3 hours, cold treatment temperature is -50~-80 DEG C；
3) half finish-milling controls finish-milling surplus
Allotype aluminum alloy workpiece Jing Guo stabilization processes is placed on milling machine, it is carried out at half finish-milling using milling cutter
Reason；
4) stabilization processes
Stabilization processes are carried out using 2 same processes of above-mentioned steps, aging temp is 130 DEG C~150 DEG C, 5 hours are kept the temperature,
Cold treatment temperature is -50~-80 DEG C；
5) finish-milling completes the control of final size and the finish on surface
Allotype aluminum alloy workpiece is carried out using milling cutter to rough mill processing, removes most of blank allowance, machine spindle speed n
Are as follows:Take n=300r/min, practical Milling Speed V ' are as follows:
6) stabilization processes
Stabilization processes are carried out using 2 same processes of above-mentioned steps, aging temp is 100 DEG C~140 DEG C, 2 hours are kept the temperature,
Cold treatment temperature is -50~-80 DEG C；
7) slow wire feeding
The extra heel on allotype aluminum alloy workpiece is cut off using slow wire feeding machine, the workpiece that slow wire feeding machine is processed
Surface roughness can be usually reached Ra=0.8 μm or more, deviation from circular from, straight line error and the scale error essence of wire machine of waiting a moment
Accuracy is high.
Example IV
Stabilization processes in step 2, the liquid water that hardening media is 30 DEG C~50 DEG C
A kind of processing technology of large scale high-accuracy aluminum alloy shaped piece, comprising the following steps:
1) it rough mills, removes most of blank allowance
1. the allotype aluminum alloy workpiece in Fig. 1 is placed on milling machine, fastening position is carried out using fraise jig；
2. carrying out rough milling processing, machine spindle speed n to allotype aluminum alloy workpiece using milling cutter are as follows:Practical Milling Speed V ' are as follows:
2) stabilization processes
Stabilization processes are by the way of timeliness-cold treatment-timeliness-cold treatment alternative expression destressing twice, aging temp
It is 130 DEG C~140 DEG C, keeps the temperature 3 hours, cold treatment temperature is -50~-80 DEG C；
3) half finish-milling controls finish-milling surplus
Allotype aluminum alloy workpiece Jing Guo stabilization processes is placed on milling machine, it is carried out at half finish-milling using milling cutter
Reason；
4) stabilization processes
Stabilization processes are carried out using 2 same processes of above-mentioned steps, aging temp is 130 DEG C~150 DEG C, 5 hours are kept the temperature,
Cold treatment temperature is -50~-80 DEG C；
5) finish-milling completes the control of final size and the finish on surface
Allotype aluminum alloy workpiece is carried out using milling cutter to rough mill processing, removes most of blank allowance, machine spindle speed n
Are as follows:Take n=300r/min, practical Milling Speed V ' are as follows:
6) stabilization processes
Stabilization processes are carried out using 2 same processes of above-mentioned steps, aging temp is 100 DEG C~140 DEG C, 2 hours are kept the temperature,
Cold treatment temperature is -50~-80 DEG C；
7) slow wire feeding
The extra heel on allotype aluminum alloy workpiece is cut off using slow wire feeding machine, the workpiece that slow wire feeding machine is processed
Surface roughness can be usually reached Ra=0.8 μm or more, deviation from circular from, straight line error and the scale error essence of wire machine of waiting a moment
Accuracy is high.
Embodiment five
For allotype aluminum alloy workpiece as by the way of stacking heating, soaking time should extend a kind of big ruler of 5~10min
The processing technology of very little high-accuracy aluminum alloy shaped piece, comprising the following steps:
1) it rough mills, removes most of blank allowance
1. the allotype aluminum alloy workpiece in Fig. 1 is placed on milling machine, fastening position is carried out using fraise jig；
2. carrying out rough milling processing, machine spindle speed n to allotype aluminum alloy workpiece using milling cutter are as follows:Take n=200r/min, practical Milling Speed V ' are as follows:
2) stabilization processes
Stabilization processes are by the way of timeliness-cold treatment-timeliness-cold treatment alternative expression destressing twice, aging temp
It is 130 DEG C~140 DEG C, keeps the temperature 3 hours, cold treatment temperature is -50~-80 DEG C；
3) half finish-milling controls finish-milling surplus
Allotype aluminum alloy workpiece Jing Guo stabilization processes is placed on milling machine, it is carried out at half finish-milling using milling cutter
Reason；
4) stabilization processes
Stabilization processes are carried out using 2 same processes of above-mentioned steps, aging temp is 130 DEG C~150 DEG C, 5 hours are kept the temperature,
Cold treatment temperature is -50~-80 DEG C；
5) finish-milling completes the control of final size and the finish on surface
Allotype aluminum alloy workpiece is carried out using milling cutter to rough mill processing, removes most of blank allowance, machine spindle speed n
Are as follows:Take n=300r/min, practical Milling Speed V ' are as follows:
6) stabilization processes
Stabilization processes are carried out using 2 same processes of above-mentioned steps, aging temp is 100 DEG C~140 DEG C, 2 hours are kept the temperature,
Cold treatment temperature is -50~-80 DEG C；
7) slow wire feeding
The extra heel on allotype aluminum alloy workpiece is cut off using slow wire feeding machine, the workpiece that slow wire feeding machine is processed
Surface roughness can be usually reached Ra=0.8 μm or more, deviation from circular from, straight line error and the scale error essence of wire machine of waiting a moment
Accuracy is high.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention is gone twice by using timeliness-cold treatment-timeliness-cold treatment alternative expression
The mode of stress, which can completely remove residual stress, guarantee the stability of following process, and add in each big surplus
Just take stabilization processes after work is complete, how many roughing, behind just take how many a ageing treatments, thus after guaranteeing timeliness
Presence without cutting stress makes the phenomenon that entirely large size special-shaped aluminium alloy is not susceptible to deformation in processing, and then improves and add
Work qualification rate increases processing precision, the stabilization of size when the present invention can guarantee to process every time by this kind of processing method, and zero
The deformation of part is small, but needs simultaneously to the part to guarantee that part is in space when processing there are corresponding process area in roughing
It will not be moved in position, External Shape precision finally ensure that using slow wire feeding, avoid generating stress, guarantee that geometric tolerance is closed
Lattice, the precision after improving assembly.
It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second and the like are used merely to a reality
Body or operation are distinguished with another entity or operation, are deposited without necessarily requiring or implying between these entities or operation
In any actual relationship or order or sequence.Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or its any other variant are intended to
Non-exclusive inclusion, so that the process, method, article or equipment including a series of elements is not only wanted including those
Element, but also including other elements that are not explicitly listed, or further include for this process, method, article or equipment
Intrinsic element.In the absence of more restrictions, the element limited by sentence " including a reference structure ", is not arranged
Except there is also other identical elements in the process, method, article or apparatus that includes the element.
It although an embodiment of the present invention has been shown and described, for the ordinary skill in the art, can be with
A variety of variations, modification, replacement can be carried out to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention by understanding
And modification, the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of processing technology of large scale high-accuracy aluminum alloy shaped piece, which comprises the following steps:
1) it rough mills, removes most of blank allowance
1. the allotype aluminum alloy workpiece in Fig. 1 is placed on milling machine, fastening position is carried out using fraise jig；
2. carrying out rough milling processing, machine spindle speed n to allotype aluminum alloy workpiece using milling cutter are as follows:Take n=200r/min, practical Milling Speed V ' are as follows:
2) stabilization processes
Stabilization processes are by the way of timeliness-cold treatment-timeliness-cold treatment alternative expression destressing twice, aging temp 130
DEG C~140 DEG C, 3 hours are kept the temperature, cold treatment temperature is -50~-80 DEG C；
3) half finish-milling controls finish-milling surplus
Allotype aluminum alloy workpiece Jing Guo stabilization processes is placed on milling machine, carries out half finish-milling processing to it using milling cutter；
4) stabilization processes
Stabilization processes are carried out using 2 same processes of above-mentioned steps, aging temp is 130 DEG C~150 DEG C, keeps the temperature 5 hours, cold place
Managing temperature is -50~-80 DEG C；
5) finish-milling completes the control of final size and the finish on surface
Allotype aluminum alloy workpiece is carried out using milling cutter to rough mill processing, removes most of blank allowance, machine spindle speed n are as follows:Take n=300r/min, practical Milling Speed V ' are as follows:
6) stabilization processes
Stabilization processes are carried out using 2 same processes of above-mentioned steps, aging temp is 100 DEG C~140 DEG C, keeps the temperature 2 hours, cold place
Managing temperature is -50~-80 DEG C；
7) slow wire feeding
The extra heel on allotype aluminum alloy workpiece is cut off using slow wire feeding machine, the workpiece surface that slow wire feeding machine is processed
Roughness can be usually reached Ra=0.8 μm or more, deviation from circular from, straight line error and the scale error precision of wire machine of waiting a moment
It is high.
2. a kind of processing technology of large scale high-accuracy aluminum alloy shaped piece according to claim 1, feature exist
In: the finish-milling in the step 5 after processing is completed, should carry out again primary sky and walk milling cutter.
3. a kind of processing technology of large scale high-accuracy aluminum alloy shaped piece according to claim 1, feature exist
In: the stabilization processes in the step 2, soaking time range are 2-20 hours.
4. a kind of processing technology of large scale high-accuracy aluminum alloy shaped piece according to claim 1, feature exist
In: the stabilization processes in the step 2, aging range are 100 DEG C~150 DEG C.
5. a kind of processing technology of large scale high-accuracy aluminum alloy shaped piece according to claim 1, feature exist
In: the stabilization processes in the step 2, the liquid water that hardening media is 30 DEG C~50 DEG C.
6. a kind of processing technology of large scale high-accuracy aluminum alloy shaped piece according to claim 1, feature exist
In: for the allotype aluminum alloy workpiece such as by the way of stacking heating, soaking time should extend 5~10min.
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| CN114643457A (en) * | 2022-01-20 | 2022-06-21 | 无锡汉纳科技有限公司 | Material sucker processing method of curved surface photoetching machine |
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