CN110416454B - Safe and reliable new energy automobile battery system - Google Patents
Safe and reliable new energy automobile battery system Download PDFInfo
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- CN110416454B CN110416454B CN201910635902.5A CN201910635902A CN110416454B CN 110416454 B CN110416454 B CN 110416454B CN 201910635902 A CN201910635902 A CN 201910635902A CN 110416454 B CN110416454 B CN 110416454B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/4207—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/52—Removing gases inside the secondary cell, e.g. by absorption
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
- H01M10/625—Vehicles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/63—Control systems
- H01M10/635—Control systems based on ambient temperature
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
- H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6561—Gases
- H01M10/6563—Gases with forced flow, e.g. by blowers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6567—Liquids
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
- H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Cooling, Air Intake And Gas Exhaust, And Fuel Tank Arrangements In Propulsion Units (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a safe and reliable new energy automobile battery system, wherein a battery box is clamped in a chassis, the bottom of the battery box is sealed by two bottom plates, the two bottom plates are provided with batteries, a locking mechanism is arranged between the two bottom plates, the chassis is connected with a refrigerant heat dissipation mechanism, the battery box is connected with an air-cooled heat dissipation mechanism, the refrigerant heat dissipation mechanism and the air-cooled heat dissipation mechanism simultaneously dissipate heat for the battery box, all the battery boxes are also connected with a simultaneous negative pressure pumping mechanism, the negative pressure pumping mechanism pumps negative pressure for the battery box, and when the temperature in the battery box is higher than T 1 The locking mechanism is unlocked, the two bottom plates open the battery to be separated from the corresponding battery box, the battery box is subjected to double heat dissipation through the refrigerant heat dissipation mechanism and the air-cooled heat dissipation mechanism, the heat dissipation effect is good, when the battery abnormally releases inflammable and explosive gas, the negative pressure pumping mechanism can timely discharge the inflammable and explosive gas released by the battery, and when the temperature of the battery is continuously raised to possibly self-ignite, the battery can be separated from the automobile through the unlocking of the locking mechanism.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of batteries of electric vehicles, in particular to a safe and reliable battery system of a new energy vehicle.
Background
In recent years, with the revolution of automobile technology, new energy automobiles are produced in response to the national call for energy conservation and environmental protection, and the rapid development of new energy automobile technology is promoted. The electric automobile is powered by a vehicle-mounted power supply, has small influence on the environment compared with a gasoline automobile, can replace non-renewable gasoline resources, and has a wide development prospect.
However, at present, many technologies of electric vehicles are still not mature, especially batteries have certain requirements on temperature when the batteries work, if the temperature is too high, not only the performance of the batteries is affected, but also problems such as nature and explosion are easily caused, so that serious potential safety hazards exist, automobile safety accidents caused by too many spontaneous combustion of the batteries also occur in recent years, and the acceptance of people on the electric vehicles is seriously affected.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the invention provides a safe and reliable new energy automobile battery system.
The technical scheme is as follows: the utility model provides a safe and reliable's new energy automobile battery system, includes the chassis, its key lies in: the chassis is provided with N battery box bayonets, the N battery box bayonets are distributed in an array shape, the battery boxes are clamped in the battery box bayonets, the bottoms of the battery boxes are sealed by two bottom plates, and batteries are placed on the two bottom plates;
the chassis is connected with a refrigerant heat dissipation mechanism, the battery box is connected with an air cooling heat dissipation mechanism, the refrigerant heat dissipation mechanism and the air cooling heat dissipation mechanism simultaneously dissipate heat for the battery box, and all the battery boxes are also connected with the same negative pressure pumping mechanism which pumps air pumped by each battery box;
the two bottom plates are respectively hinged with the inner wall of the battery box, a locking mechanism is arranged between the two bottom plates, and when the temperature in the battery box is more than T 1 When the battery box is opened, the locking mechanism is unlocked, the two bottom plates are opened, and the battery is separated from the corresponding battery box.
By adopting the technical scheme, during daily driving, the refrigerant heat dissipation mechanism and the air-cooled heat dissipation mechanism simultaneously carry out double heat dissipation on the battery box, the heat dissipation effect is good, the problem that the normal function of the battery is influenced due to overhigh temperature of the battery box is effectively avoided, once the battery abnormally releases inflammable and explosive gases, the negative pressure pumping mechanism can timely discharge the inflammable and explosive gases such as sulfur dioxide, hydrogen, oxygen and the like released by the battery, the gases are prevented from being exploded due to overhigh concentration in the battery box, thereby providing precious operable time for a vehicle owner to take defensive measures, greatly improving the safety coefficient of the electric vehicle, when the temperature of the battery is continuously increased to be possibly spontaneous combustion, the locking mechanism is unlocked, the battery is automatically separated from the vehicle, the vehicle can be stopped after inertia sliding for a period of time, and then alarm and the like are carried out, and the safety and reliability of the battery is effectively improved through multiple protections, the safety of drivers and passengers and automobiles is ensured, major safety accidents are prevented, and economic loss is reduced.
As further preferred:
the refrigerant heat dissipation mechanism comprises a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve and heat exchange tubes which are sequentially connected in series, wherein the heat exchange tubes are wound in the chassis in an S shape, at least one straight section is arranged between two adjacent columns or two rows of battery boxes, a condensing agent is filled in the heat exchange tubes, a temperature sensor is arranged in each battery box, and when the temperature in each battery box is more than T 2 When the temperature is higher than the preset temperature, the refrigerant heat dissipation mechanism starts to cool, wherein T is more than 40 DEG C 2 ＜T 1 . By adopting the structure, the optimal working temperature of the battery is 15-25 ℃, the temperature is generally controlled within 30 ℃, the service life and the efficiency of the battery can be reduced after the temperature of the battery exceeds 40 ℃, and when the temperature of the battery exceeds 40 ℃, the refrigerant heat dissipation mechanism is started in time to dissipate heat of the battery, so that the service life and the efficiency of the battery can be effectively improved, and potential risks caused by overhigh temperature of the battery can be prevented.
The air-cooled heat dissipation mechanism comprises a heat dissipation air duct, a gas collection cavity and an exhaust pipe, wherein a vertical through hole is formed in the wall of the battery box to form the heat dissipation air duct, the air inlet of the heat dissipation air duct faces the lower portion of the chassis, a cover plate is installed above the chassis through a support frame, the gas collection cavity is arranged in the cover plate, the air outlets of the vertical through holes are communicated with the gas collection cavity through air guide pipes, and the gas collection cavity is connected with the exhaust pipe. By adopting the structure, gas at the bottom of the automobile can enter the wall of the battery box through the heat dissipation air duct and then is discharged through the exhaust pipe, so that the battery box can be effectively cooled and dissipated.
The air exhaust pipes are respectively arranged in the column A, the column B and the column C of the automobile, and the air outlets of the air exhaust pipes are positioned on the roof of the automobile. By adopting the structure, when the automobile runs at high speed, the high-speed airflow at the bottom of the automobile is guided to the top of the automobile to be discharged, the air pressure at the bottom of the automobile is reduced, meanwhile, the automobile can be pressed down to a certain extent, the purpose of reducing the air lift force is achieved, the ground gripping force of the automobile is improved, and the automobile is more stable under the condition of running at high speed.
Above-mentioned take out negative pressure mechanism is including setting up negative pressure runner and negative pressure chamber in the apron, the top surface of battery box with the lower surface of apron is closely laminated, correspond every row or each row in the apron the battery box is equipped with one the negative pressure runner, the inner chamber of battery box with correspond the negative pressure runner intercommunication, the negative pressure runner with negative pressure chamber intercommunication, the negative pressure chamber is connected with the vacuum pump. By adopting the structure, the vacuum pump can timely pump out the flammable and combustible vehicles in the battery box, so that a certain vacuum degree is kept inwards, and the battery explosion is prevented.
The battery box comprises a battery box body, a cover plate and a negative pressure flow channel, wherein the battery box body is provided with a battery box cover plate, the battery box cover plate is provided with an air exhaust hole, a plug matched with the battery box cover plate in shape is arranged in the air exhaust hole, an air exhaust groove is formed in the cover plate corresponding to the air exhaust hole, the notch of the air exhaust groove is opposite to the air exhaust hole, the air exhaust groove is communicated with the negative pressure flow channel corresponding to the air exhaust groove, a plug spring is arranged in the air exhaust groove and pushes the plug to the air exhaust hole, and an ejector rod is arranged on the battery and overcomes the elasticity of the plug spring to jack the plug so as to enable the inner cavity of the battery box to be communicated with the negative pressure flow channel. By adopting the structure, after the battery is separated from the battery box after the limit condition is reached, the plug automatically falls down under the action of the plug spring to block the air suction opening, so that the whole negative pressure flow passage is still in a sealing state, and the negative pressure suction of other battery boxes is not influenced.
The cover plate is provided with a butt end cover corresponding to the battery box, the top end of the battery box extends into the butt end cover, and a sealing ring is arranged between the inner wall of the butt end cover and the outer wall of the battery box. By adopting the structure, the sealing performance of the joint of the battery box and the cover plate is better.
The locking mechanism comprises a locking bolt, a locking spring and a memory alloy strip, wherein one of the locking mechanism comprises a bolt groove arranged in the bottom plate, the memory alloy strip, the locking spring and the locking bolt which are connected in sequence are arranged in the bolt groove, the other locking hole is arranged in the bottom plate, the inner end of the locking spring is used for tightly supporting the memory alloy strip against the bottom of the bolt groove, the outer end of the locking spring is used for tightly supporting the locking bolt against the bottom of the locking hole so as to lock the two bottom plates, and the metamorphosis temperature of the memory alloy strip is T 1 When the temperature in the battery box is more than T 1 When the memory alloy strip is restored to the spiral stable state, the locking spring drives the locking bolt to move towards the bottom of the bolt groove, and the locking bolt exits from the two bottom plates of the locking hole and is unlocked. By adopting the structure, when the temperature of the battery suddenly rises to reach the abnormal temperature of the memory alloy strip, the memory alloy strip quickly deforms to return to the initial state, so that the locking bolt is separated from the locking hole, the bottom plate is opened, the battery falls off, the automobile can continue to slide for a period of time and then stops, and the possibility of burning the battery in the battery box is effectively avoided.
The butt joint surfaces of the upper two bottom plates are in three-stage step shapes matched with each other, the three-stage steps of the two bottom plates are matched in a male-female mode, first sealing strips are arranged on the step surface and the table surface of the first-stage step, the table surface of the second-stage step and the step surface of the third-stage step respectively, the step surface of the second-stage step is in an inclined plane shape, and the latch groove is located on the step surface of the second-stage step. By adopting the structure, the butt joint of the two bottom plates is sealed tightly, so that the battery box can leak air in an effective mode, and the negative pressure pumping effect is influenced.
The battery box is internally surrounded with a pressure sensor which is in contact with the battery, and an air pressure sensor is also arranged in the battery box. By adopting the structure, the battery can be detected to be swelled by the infrared distance measuring sensor, and the air pressure in the battery box can be detected by the air pressure sensor.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the refrigerant heat dissipation mechanism and the air cooling heat dissipation mechanism simultaneously carry out double heat dissipation on the battery box, the heat dissipation effect is good, the heat accumulation of the battery box is effectively avoided from being too high, once the battery abnormally releases inflammable and explosive gases, the negative pressure pumping mechanism can timely discharge the inflammable and explosive gases such as sulfur dioxide, hydrogen, oxygen and the like released by the battery, prevent the gases from being enriched at too high concentration in the battery box to cause explosion, provide precious buffer time for a driver to take defense measures, and when the temperature of the battery is continuously raised to be possibly self-ignited, the battery can be separated from the automobile through unlocking of the locking mechanism, the automobile can stop after coasting for a period of time, and then the alarm and other treatment are carried out.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion a of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view of the base plate;
FIG. 5 is a schematic plan view of the cover plate;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the present invention mounted on a vehicle;
FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram of a host microprocessor;
fig. 9 is a circuit diagram of the slave microprocessor.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples and the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1-9, a safe and reliable new energy vehicle battery system includes a chassis 1, where N battery box bayonets are disposed on the chassis 1, the N battery box bayonets are distributed in a rectangular array (or in other shapes such as circular array), battery boxes 2 are mounted in the battery box bayonets, batteries 3 are placed in the battery boxes 2, the chassis 1 is connected with a refrigerant heat dissipation mechanism 4, the battery boxes 2 are connected with an air-cooled heat dissipation mechanism 5, the refrigerant heat dissipation mechanism 4 and the air-cooled heat dissipation mechanism 5 simultaneously dissipate heat for the battery boxes 2, all the battery boxes 2 are further connected with a same negative pressure pumping mechanism 6, and the negative pressure pumping mechanism 6 pumps air in each battery box 2;
preferably, the bottom of the battery box 2 is sealed by two bottom plates 8, the two bottom plates 8 are respectively hinged with the inner wall of the battery box 2, a locking mechanism 7 is arranged between the two bottom plates 8, the batteries 3 are arranged on the two bottom plates 8, and when the temperature in the battery box 2 is more than T 1 When the locking mechanism 7 is unlocked, the two bottom plates 8 are opened, and the batteries 3 are separated from the corresponding battery boxes 2.
The N batteries 3 form a power supply system of the automobile in a plurality of series and parallel connection modes, when one battery 3 with over-temperature falls off, the power supply system can still output current, the current can still push the automobile to run, and the output current is reduced. For example, 15 cells, each 5 cells are connected in series and then in parallel.
The refrigerant heat dissipation mechanism 4 and the negative pressure pumping mechanism 6 are connected with a control circuit, the control circuit is provided with a main microprocessor 100, the main microprocessor 100 is connected with an air pressure sensor 10, a temperature sensor 402 and an audible and visual alarm 101, and the air pressure sensor 10 and the temperature sensor 402 are arranged in the battery box 2;
the main microprocessor 100 controls the on-off of the negative pressure pumping mechanism 6 according to the signal of the air pressure sensor 10, the main microprocessor 100 obtains the temperature in the battery box 3 through the temperature sensor 402, and when the temperature in the battery box 3 is greater than the set temperature threshold T 3 The main microprocessor 100 controls the audible and visual alarm 101 to send out an alarm signal, namely a temperature threshold value T 3 ＜T 1 Wherein T is 1 The maximum temperature limit of the battery box.
Specifically, the refrigerant heat dissipation mechanism 4 includes a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve (not shown in the figure) and a heat exchange tube 401 connected in series in sequence, wherein the heat exchange tube 401 is wound in the chassis 1 in an S-shape, at least one straight section is arranged between two adjacent columns or two rows of the battery boxes 2, preferably, two straight sections are arranged between two adjacent columns or two rows of the battery boxes 2, the two straight sections are respectively close to two adjacent columns or two rows of the battery boxes 2, the heat exchange tube 401 is filled with a condensing agent (the condensing agent may be R134, R134a, R22, R407c or R410a, etc.), a temperature sensor 402 is arranged in the battery box 2, and when the temperature in the battery box 2 is greater than T ≧ T 2 When the temperature is higher than the preset temperature, the refrigerant heat dissipation mechanism 4 is started to cool, wherein T is higher than 40 DEG C 2 ＜T 1 And T is 2 ＜T 3 。
The control circuit further comprises a first switch triode Q1 and a first relay J1, the main microprocessor 100 is provided with a first control end, the main microprocessor 100 is connected with the base of the first switch triode Q1 through the first control end, the first switch triode Q1 controls the coil of the first relay J1 to be powered on and powered off, and the normally-open switch of the first relay J1 controls the switch of the compressor.
Wherein T is 2 Is the starting temperature threshold value of the refrigerant heat dissipation mechanism 4, when the temperature sensor 402 detects that the temperature in the battery box 2 is more than T 2 Meanwhile, the main microprocessor 100 controls the conduction of the first switching triode Q1 through the first control end, the first switching triode Q1 controls the coil of the first relay J1 to be electrified, and the normally open switch of the first relay J1 controls the opening of the compressor. Otherwise, the compressor is controlled to be closed.
The air-cooled heat dissipation mechanism 5 comprises a heat dissipation air duct 504, a gas collection cavity 502 and an exhaust pipe 503, wherein a cover plate 501 is installed above the chassis 1 through a support frame 9, the gas collection cavity 502 is arranged in the cover plate 501, a vertical through hole is formed in the wall of the battery box 2 to form the heat dissipation air duct 504, the air inlet of the heat dissipation air duct 504 faces the lower side of the chassis 1, all the air outlets of the heat dissipation air duct 504 are communicated with the gas collection cavity 502 through an air guide pipe 505, the gas collection cavity 502 is connected with the exhaust pipe 503, a column A, a column B and a column C of a vehicle are respectively provided with the exhaust pipe 503, the air outlet of the exhaust pipe 503 is positioned on the roof of the vehicle, a discharge fan can be installed in the exhaust pipe 503 to accelerate air discharge, and the exhaust fan is powered by the battery 3.
The negative pressure pumping mechanism 6 comprises a negative pressure flow channel 601 and a negative pressure cavity 602 which are arranged in a cover plate 501, the cover plate 501 corresponds to a butt joint end cover 608 arranged on a battery box 2, the top end of the battery box 2 extends into the butt joint end cover 608, the top surface of the battery box 2 is tightly attached to the lower surface of the butt joint end cover 608, a sealing ring 609 is arranged between the inner wall of the butt joint end cover 608 and the outer wall of the battery box 2, each row or each column of the battery box 2 is arranged in the cover plate 501, the negative pressure flow channel 601 and the negative pressure cavity 602 are both located below a gas collection cavity 502, the inner cavity of the battery box 2 is communicated with the corresponding negative pressure flow channel 601, the negative pressure flow channel 601 is communicated with the negative pressure cavity 602, and the negative pressure cavity 602 is connected with a vacuum pump 603.
The control circuit further comprises a second switch triode Q2 and a second relay J2, the main microprocessor 100 is provided with a second control end, the main microprocessor 100 is connected with the base of the second switch triode Q2 through the second control end, the second switch triode Q2 controls the coil of the second relay J2 to be powered on and powered off, and the normally open switch of the second relay J2 controls the switch of the vacuum pump 603.
When the main microprocessor 100 detects that the air pressure in the battery box is greater than or equal to 1/2 or 0.7 atmospheric pressure through the air pressure sensor 10, the main microprocessor 100 controls the conduction of the second switching triode Q2 through the second control end, the second switching triode Q2 controls the coil of the second relay J2 to be electrified, and the normally open switch of the second relay J2 controls the opening of the vacuum pump 603. Otherwise, the vacuum pump 603 is controlled to be turned off.
In order to ensure that the whole negative pressure flow passage still keeps a sealed state after any battery falls off, the box top of the battery box 2 is provided with an air suction port 604, the air extraction opening 604 is a tapered opening with a large upper part and a small lower part, a plug 607 matched with the air extraction opening 604 in shape is arranged in the air extraction opening 604, a sealing washer 611 is arranged between the plug 607 and the inner wall of the pumping hole 604, a pumping groove 605 is arranged on the cover plate 501 corresponding to the pumping hole 604, the notch of the air-extracting groove 605 is opposite to the air-extracting opening 604, the air-extracting groove 605 is communicated with the corresponding negative pressure flow channel 601, a plug spring 606 is arranged in the air-extracting groove 605, the plug spring 606 pushes the plug 607 to the pumping hole 604, the battery 3 is provided with a top rod 610, the push rod 610 overcomes the elastic force of the plug spring 606 to push up the plug 607, so that the inner cavity of the battery box 2 is communicated with the negative pressure flow channel 601.
The locking mechanism 7 comprises a locking bolt 701, a locking spring 703 and a memory alloy strip 704, wherein one of the bottom plates 8 is provided with a bolt slot 702, the bolt slot 702 is internally provided with the memory alloy strip 704, the locking spring 703 and the locking bolt 701 which are sequentially connected, preferably, the memory alloy strip 704 is in a T shape, the locking spring 703 is fixedly connected with a cross arm of the memory alloy strip 704, the other bottom plate 8 is provided with a locking hole 705, the inner end of the locking spring 703 tightly supports a vertical arm of the memory alloy strip 704 at the bottom of the bolt slot 702, meanwhile, the outer end of the locking spring 703 tightly supports the locking bolt 701 at the bottom of the locking hole 705, so that the two bottom plates 8 are locked, the memory alloy strip 704 is preferably a two-way memory alloy, and the transformation temperature of the memory alloy strip is T-way memory alloy 1 When the temperature in the battery box 2 is more than T 1 When the memory alloy strip 704 returns to the spiral stable state, the locking spring 703 drives the locking pin 701 to move towards the bottom of the pin slot 702, and the locking pin 701 exits from the locking hole 705, so that the two bottom plates 8 are unlocked.
In order to enhance sealing, the two bottom plates 8 are respectively hinged with the inner wall of the battery box 2 through torsion springs, a sealing convex strip is arranged on the inner wall of the battery box 2 above the bottom plates 8, the lower surface of the sealing convex strip is in an inclined plane shape, an inclined plane part matched with the sealing convex strip is arranged on the upper surface of the bottom plates 8 corresponding to the inclined plane of the sealing convex strip, a second sealing strip is bonded on the lower surface of the sealing convex strip, and the inclined plane part is abutted against the second sealing strip;
the butt joint surfaces of the two bottom plates 8 are in three-stage step shapes matched with each other, the three-stage steps of the two bottom plates 8 are matched in a male-female mode, first sealing strips 706 are respectively arranged on the step surface and the table top of the first-stage step, the table top of the second-stage step and the step surface of the third-stage step, the step surface of the second-stage step is in an inclined plane shape, and the latch groove 702 is located on the step surface of the second-stage step.
The compressor, vacuum pump, etc. are all powered by batteries.
A circle of pressure sensors 11 are arranged in the battery box 2 around the battery 3, the pressure sensors 11 are in contact with the battery 3, the pressure sensors 11 are LH-Z10 miniature pressure sensors, and whether the battery 3 is inflated or not can be known through pressure changes of the pressure sensors 11.
As shown in fig. 6, the invention B is located at the bottom of the automobile a, the cover plate 501 of the invention can be used as the floor of the automobile, the memory alloy strip 704 can be nitinol, etc., the air-cooled heat dissipation mechanism 5 is always in an open state to dissipate heat from the battery box 2 during daily driving, and when the temperature in the battery box 2 rises to T after a period of driving 2 (for example, 45 ℃) after the compressor is started to radiate heat to the chassis 1 and the battery box 2 through the condensing agent, when the air pressure sensor 10 detects that the air pressure in the battery box 2 is larger than or equal to 1/2 or 0.7 atmospheric pressure (other values are also possible as long as the vacuum degree in the battery box 2 is larger than the preset vacuum degree), the vacuum pump 603 is started to vacuumize the battery box 2, and when the temperature in the battery box 2 is continuously increased to T 1 When the memory alloy strip 704 returns to the spiral stable state, the locking spring 703 moves towards the bottom end of the bolt slot passively, and then the locking bolt 701 is driven to be disengaged from the locking hole 705, the two bottom plates rotate downwards to be opened (as shown in the rightmost battery box in fig. 1), the battery 3 on the bottom plates is disengaged from the battery box 2, and the memory alloy strip can be used according to different T values 1 Different kinds of memory alloy strips 704 may be selected, such as setting T 1 At a temperature of 100- 1 At 180 deg.C, Ti-15Ni-25Pd can be selected and 10% Cu can be added to make memory alloy strip 704, and T is set 1 At about 230 deg.C, Ti-49.5Ni-15Hf may be selected and 15% Nb may be added as memory alloy strip.
The battery 3 is provided with two electrode posts, the inner wall top of battery box 2 is provided with the electrode cap with two electrode post complex, and the electrode post is fixed battery 3 in inserting the electrode cap, prevents that battery 3 from swinging all around, and the electrode cap is connected with output conductor.
Preferably, a nickel-plated spring is fixedly arranged in the electrode cap and is abutted against the electrode column. The figure is omitted.
Another solution to detect bulging of the battery 3 is: an infrared distance measuring sensor is arranged in the battery box 2 around the battery 3 and is in contact with the battery 3; an infrared ranging sensor is connected to the main microprocessor 100.
The distance detected by the infrared distance measuring sensor is transmitted to the main microprocessor 100, and if the battery swells, the distance detected by the infrared distance measuring sensor is reduced. The infrared distance measuring sensor is not in contact with the battery 3 and does not rub against the battery 3.
Preferably, a display screen is also connected to the main microprocessor 100 for displaying the temperature of the battery 3.
The master microprocessor 100 is connected with the air pressure sensor 10, the pressure sensor 11 and the temperature sensor 402 through the slave microprocessor; one battery box 2 is correspondingly provided with one slave microprocessor.
Finally, it should be noted that the above-mentioned description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and that those skilled in the art can make various similar representations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a safe and reliable's new energy automobile battery system, includes chassis (1), its characterized in that: the battery box comprises a chassis (1), wherein N battery box bayonets are formed in the chassis (1), N battery box bayonets are distributed in an array manner, a battery box (2) is arranged in each battery box bayonet, the bottom of each battery box (2) is sealed by two bottom plates (8), each battery (3) is placed on each bottom plate (8), each battery (3) is provided with two electrode posts, electrode caps matched with the two electrode posts are arranged at the tops of the inner walls of the battery boxes (2) and inserted into the electrode caps, the two bottom plates (8) are hinged with the inner walls of the battery boxes (2) through torsional springs respectively, sealing convex strips are arranged on the inner walls of the battery boxes (2), the lower surfaces of the sealing convex strips are in inclined plane shapes, the upper surfaces of the bottom plates (8) correspond to inclined plane portions matched with the inclined planes of the sealing convex strips, and second sealing strips are bonded to the lower surfaces of the sealing convex strips, the inclined plane part of the bottom plate (8) is tightly abutted against the second sealing strip for sealing;
the chassis (1) is connected with a refrigerant heat dissipation mechanism (4), the battery boxes (2) are connected with an air cooling heat dissipation mechanism (5), the refrigerant heat dissipation mechanism (4) and the air cooling heat dissipation mechanism (5) simultaneously dissipate heat for the battery boxes (2), all the battery boxes (2) are also connected with the same negative pressure pumping mechanism (6), and the negative pressure pumping mechanism (6) pumps air in each battery box (2);
the refrigerant heat dissipation mechanism (4) and the negative pressure pumping mechanism (6) are respectively connected with a control circuit with a main microprocessor (100), and the main microprocessor (100) is connected with an air pressure sensor (10) for transmitting signals to the main microprocessor (100) to control the negative pressure pumping mechanism (6) and a temperature sensor (402) for transmitting temperature information of the battery (3) to the main microprocessor (100);
the two bottom plates (8) are respectively hinged with the inner wall of the battery box (2), a locking mechanism (7) is arranged between the two bottom plates (8), and when the temperature in the battery box (2) is more than T 1 When the locking mechanism (7) is unlocked, the two bottom plates (8) are opened, and the battery (3) is separated from the corresponding battery box (2);
the refrigerant heat dissipation mechanism (4) comprises a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve and a heat exchange pipe (401) which are sequentially connected in series, wherein the heat exchange pipe (401) is wound in an S shape in the chassis (1), at least one straight section is arranged between two adjacent columns or two rows of battery boxes (2), the heat exchange pipe (401) is filled with a condensing agent, the temperature sensor (402) is installed in the battery box (2), and when the temperature in the battery box (2) is more than T 2 When the temperature is reduced, the refrigerant heat dissipation mechanism (4) is started to reduce the temperature, wherein T is more than 40 DEG C 2 ＜T 1 ；
The air-cooled heat dissipation mechanism (5) comprises a heat dissipation air duct (504), a gas collection cavity (502) and an exhaust pipe (503), wherein a vertical through hole is formed in the wall of the battery box (2) to form the heat dissipation air duct (504), the air inlet of the heat dissipation air duct (504) faces the lower part of the chassis (1), a cover plate (501) is installed above the chassis (1) through a support frame (9), the gas collection cavity (502) is arranged in the cover plate (501), the air outlets of all the vertical through holes are communicated with the gas collection cavity (502) through an air guide pipe (505), and the gas collection cavity (502) is connected with the exhaust pipe (503);
the negative pressure pumping mechanism (6) comprises a negative pressure flow channel (601) and a negative pressure cavity (602) which are arranged in the cover plate (501), the top surface of the battery box (2) is tightly attached to the lower surface of the cover plate (501), one negative pressure flow channel (601) is arranged in the cover plate (501) corresponding to each row or each column of the battery boxes (2), the inner cavity of the battery box (2) is communicated with the corresponding negative pressure flow channel (601), the negative pressure flow channel (601) is communicated with the negative pressure cavity (602), and the negative pressure cavity (602) is connected with a vacuum pump (603);
an air extraction opening (604) is formed in the top of the battery box (2), a plug (607) matched with the air extraction opening in shape is installed in the air extraction opening (604), an air extraction groove (605) is formed in the cover plate (501) corresponding to the air extraction opening (604), the notch of the air extraction groove (605) is opposite to the air extraction opening (604), the air extraction groove (605) is communicated with the corresponding negative pressure flow channel (601), a plug spring (606) is installed in the air extraction groove (605), the plug spring (606) pushes the plug (607) to the air extraction opening (604), a push rod (610) is arranged on the battery (3), the push rod (610) overcomes the elasticity of the plug spring (606) and pushes the plug (607) up so that the inner cavity of the battery box (2) is communicated with the negative pressure flow channel (601);
a butt end cover (608) is arranged on the cover plate (501) corresponding to the battery box (2), the top end of the battery box (2) extends into the butt end cover (608), and a sealing ring (609) is arranged between the inner wall of the butt end cover (608) and the outer wall of the battery box (2);
the locking mechanism (7) comprises a locking bolt (701), a locking spring (703) and a memory alloy strip (704), wherein a bolt slot (702) is arranged in one bottom plate (8), and the memory alloy strip (704) and the locking spring (70) which are sequentially connected are arranged in the bolt slot (702)3) And a locking bolt (701), a locking hole (705) is arranged in the other base plate (8), the inner end of the locking spring (703) tightly pushes the memory alloy strip (704) to the bottom of the bolt groove (702), the outer end of the locking spring (703) tightly pushes the locking bolt (701) to the bottom of the locking hole (705) so as to lock the two base plates (8), and the metamorphosis temperature of the memory alloy strip (704) is T 1 When the temperature in the battery box (2) is more than T 1 When the locking device is used, the memory alloy strip (704) is restored to a spiral stable state, the locking spring (703) drives the locking bolt (701) to move towards the bottom of the bolt groove (702), and the locking bolt (701) exits from the locking hole (705), and the two bottom plates (8) are unlocked.
2. The safe and reliable new energy automobile battery system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the air exhaust pipes (503) are respectively installed in the column A, the column B and the column C of the automobile, and the air outlets of the air exhaust pipes (503) are located on the roof of the automobile.
3. The safe and reliable new energy automobile battery system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the butt joint surfaces of the two bottom plates (8) are three-stage step shapes matched with each other, the three-stage step shapes of the two bottom plates (8) are matched with each other in a male-female mode, first sealing strips (706) are arranged on the step surface and the table top of the first stage step, the table top of the second stage step and the step surface of the third stage step respectively, the step surface of the second stage step is in an inclined plane shape, and the latch groove (702) is located on the step surface of the second stage step.
4. The safe and reliable new energy automobile battery system according to claim 1, characterized in that: surround in battery box (2) battery (3) install pressure sensor (11), pressure sensor (11) with battery (3) contact, install in battery box (2) baroceptor (10).
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| CN201910635902.5A CN110416454B (en) | 2019-07-15 | 2019-07-15 | Safe and reliable new energy automobile battery system |
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| CN201910635902.5A CN110416454B (en) | 2019-07-15 | 2019-07-15 | Safe and reliable new energy automobile battery system |
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| CN110416454B true CN110416454B (en) | 2022-08-23 |
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| CN111775877A (en) * | 2019-12-29 | 2020-10-16 | 瑞诗昊昱实业(上海)有限公司 | Throwing-off system of energy device in vehicle and control method |
| CN113794021A (en) * | 2021-10-13 | 2021-12-14 | 淮北银丰铝业有限公司 | Explosion-proof battery box body of new energy automobile |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP3941422B2 (en) * | 2001-06-06 | 2007-07-04 | 株式会社豊田自動織機 | Battery device and mounting structure thereof |
| JP2009026673A (en) * | 2007-07-23 | 2009-02-05 | Toshiba Corp | Fuel cell |
| CN202042536U (en) * | 2010-04-23 | 2011-11-16 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Explosion-proof battery structure and power battery adopting same |
| DE102012205810A1 (en) * | 2012-04-10 | 2013-10-10 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Hard-shell battery housing with tempering device |
| CN106427936B (en) * | 2015-08-04 | 2020-04-24 | 岳秀兰 | Battery box replacing system formed by monitoring workstation, battery replacing station and electric automobile through Internet of things |
| CN105591050B (en) * | 2016-03-10 | 2018-05-08 | 曾丹玢 | A kind of battery system, the electric automobile and energy-storage system with the battery system |
| CN207690884U (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2018-08-03 | 张家港清研再制造产业研究院有限公司 | A kind of lithium-ion battery systems safety guard |
| CN207602665U (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2018-07-10 | 苏州精控能源科技有限公司 | Safe battery case |
| CN108674164B (en) * | 2018-05-14 | 2021-07-20 | 苏州知瑞光电材料科技有限公司 | Pure electric vehicle |
| CN108777335A (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2018-11-09 | 安徽知之信息科技有限公司 | A kind of battery heat dissipation device of new energy electric motor vehicle |
| CN109103546B (en) * | 2018-08-27 | 2023-10-17 | 江苏耐维思通科技股份有限公司 | Water-cooling explosion-proof safety energy storage device |
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